‎Langage‎

‎ITO, Jiujiro‎

‎Abstract of "Carriage by Sea."‎

‎Japanese text. Octavo, 10, 267 pages. Folding map. Blue cloth; gilt motif and ship impression to front and rear boards; gilt title to spine. Very good condition. Ito's scholarly monograph (translated into Japanese) examines the history, principles and methods of sea transportation. A detailed analysis includes explanations of nautical terms; types of marine carriage (steam and sail); development of marine transportation (ancient and modern) and its economic and political ramifications; shipping lines and traffic; cargoes; monopoly and competition; the Suez and Panama Canals and ports.‎

‎Manuscript, California‎

‎German Manuscript, a Poetic or Theatrical Composition Dealing with California and Dedicated to Queen Marie.‎

‎8vo. 32 page German manuscript, a poetic or theatrical composition dealing with California and dedicated to Queen Marie, Consort of King George V of Hanover, during the California Gold Rush. Dedication page, written in French, signed and dated by 'Gontard' who was an affluent art collector and chairman of an elite German art museum, and whom had evidently just met the Queen in person at the Exposition Universelle in Paris. Exquisite red morocco binding by Hof-buchbinders Wilhelm Ermold (binder to the Royal Hanover Court), beautifully finished in gilt with a crowned monogram 'M' for Marie, royal blue cloth endpapers, satin bow dividers. Evidence of an imbedded gift-wrapping ribbon to boards, slight foxing to first few leafs, otherwise very good condition, internally clean and bright, a pleasing work in an elegant binding fit for royalty. Title: Die Reise nach Californien. Nach dem französischen bearbeitet von Eduard Suhren. [A Voyage to California. From the French, edited by Edward Suhren.] The ambiguously titled manuscript may be a German rendition of the French theatrical opera by Dondey Dupré titled "Le voyage en Californie ou notice explicative du panorama" which concerned travels across the United States and explorations in the West - by John Charles Fremont, first explorer to cross the Sierra Nevada in winter, foremost US Senator, abolitionist, who prospered during the California Gold Rush. Content includes the explorer's sighting of pines in the Sierra Nevada oak forest at 3500 feet, melting gold, and so forth. Frémont's father was a native of France, who died only eight years after the French Revolution. As such, his gallant endeavours and accomplishments in the New World would certainly garner much attention in France, as with other European nations with colonies abroad. The French opera was first publicly performed 8 August 1850 in Paris, at the Théâtre des Variétés. Gontard, who met the queen, and dedicates this manuscript to her, may have been involved in a German production, performed for the House of Hanover. A full page dedication inscription, in French, is addressed to the Queen of Hanover, by Huguenot descendant Jakob Friedrich Moritz Gontard (1826-1886), chairman and administrator of the Städel art museum in Frankfurt, officially the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie. Queen consort of Hanover from 1851 to 1878, née Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg, recipient of this dedicated manuscript, was the wife of King George V of Hanover, the last monarch of the short-lived Kingdom of Hanover. In his dedication, dated Hanover, 12 July 1855, Gontard thanks the monarch for having come to see his panorama at the International Exhibition held on the Champs-Elysées, stating that her visit inspired the work which forms the volume, and which he humbly offers to her. He references materials which were given to her onsite, which would elucidate the obscure details of the creative piece. The date indicates that King George V and Queen Marie of the short-lived Kingdom of Hanover attended the event in its first eight weeks. Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom paid a visit to the Parisian Exhibition in August. Unique manuscript volume, bound in the Royal Court of Hanover, written at the height of the California Gold Rush and featuring historic Americana content. Manuscript‎

‎AMIES, Hardy‎

‎SIGNED - Three Volumes From His Personal Library - Text in German‎

‎Three (3) original signatures of Hardy Amies, the couturier for Queen Elizabeth for some thirty-nine years, contained in three books from his personal library, and each also containing his bookplate. 8vo. Three volumes each signed and dated by Amies to front endpaper, very slight wear to boards, otherwise in Very Good condition, signed on crisp, clean leafs. Sir Edwin Hardy Amies, KCVO (1909-2003), was a British fashion designer, best known for being the dress designer for HM Queen Elizabeth II for thirty-nine years. In the 1930s Amies rose to become one of Britain's leading couturiers and his salon was one of the few to rival the great dress houses of Paris. After a successful pre-war career as a designer in other people’s fashion houses, Amies opened his own establishment at 14 Savile Row in 1946. In 1950 Amies made several outfits for Elizabeth's royal tour to Canada (then Princess Elizabeth). He received the award of a Royal Warrant as official dressmaker in 1955. One of his best known creations is the gown he designed in 1977 for Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee portrait. Knighted in 1989, Amies held the warrant until 1990, when he gave it up so that younger designers could create for the Queen. He was also the couturier for Lady Alice Egerton, who was appointed as lady-in-waiting to the young Princess Elizabeth in 1949, and who would go on to become Woman of the Bedchamber when Elizabeth became queen in 1953. For three years he travelled and worked in France and Germany; becoming fluent in both countries' languages. Amies worked for a customs agent and then as an English tutor in Antibes, and later in Bendorf, Germany where in 1928 he acquired one of these volumes for his library. Around the same time, another of the volumes was acquired in a village on the Mosel River. He returned to England in 1930. The third volume is signed by him in 1933 and appears to have been gifted to him by famous Austrian writer Karl Heinrich Waggerl. Manuscript‎

‎19th Century Student of Medicine‎

‎Journal of Manuscript Medical Notes in German, titled: "Materia Medica und Formulare nach Dr. Büchner" , [Medical Material and Formulas According to Dr. Büchner].‎

‎Manuscript notes made by a nineteenth century student of medicine, possibly intent on becoming an apothecary, who examines and records the earlier works of German physician and professor Andreas Elias Buechner (1701-1769), including numerous medicinal recipes and commentary on physiological effects. 8vo. 56 pages in manuscript. Text is in German. Marbled paper boards with blank label to front. Volume measures approximately 17 x 21 cm. Very slight wear to boards, otherwise in very good condition, internally crisp and bright. The 18th century was the 'Golden Age' of scientific academies and learned societies. This work provides valuable information on the historic application of natural ingredients with medicinal qualities, as well as a somewhat early history of the experimentation and progress in the field of medicine, by drawing from the methodology and recipes of a notable eighteenth century German physician and educator in the field - Andreas Elias Büchner. Following a five-point outline, the writer compiles a lengthy and well organized list of medical ailments or discomforts and the simple remedies for them, over 24 pages, a very small sampling of these being parageusia (a distortion of the sense of taste), digestive issues for which are listed various laxatives, skin sensitivities and emollients, "alterantia" or hormonal alterants, and diaphoretics. A section headed "Special Formulas," comprising 23 pages of more complex medicinal recipes, provides ingredients and measurements for various emulsions, syrups, pills and much more. Andreas Elias Büchner (1701-1769) was a German physician, naturalist, Professor of Medicine at some of Germany's leading institutions, president of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina from 1735 to 1769, and one of Friedrich Hoffmann's most zealous followers. Manuscript‎

‎Wellsted, James Raymond‎

‎J.R. Wellsted's Reisen in Arabien. [J.R. Wellsted's Travels in Arabia.] Halle (Saale): Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, 1842.‎

‎Full Tilte: J.R. Wellsted's Reisen in Arabien. [J.R. Wellsted's Travels in Arabia.] Halle (Saale): Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, 1842. "...Deutsche Bearbeitung herausgegeben mit berichtigenden und erlaeuternden Anmerkungen und einem Excurs über himjaritische Inschriften von E. Rödiger." [German translation edited with corrections and explanatory notes and an excursus on Himyaritic inscriptions by E. Rödiger.] 2 vol. bound together. 8vo. xiv, 312; vi, 412 pages, respectively. First and only German edition. Text is in German. The complete work, with title pages, half-titles, 1 meteorological data chart, and 2 extra-large fold-out maps with multiple insets featuring inscriptions recorded by Wellsted. Brown cloth boards titled in gilt to front and spine, patterned endpapers. Minor age-toning, otherwise in very good condition, exceedingly scarce original maps printed the year of Wellsted's passing. Wellsted conducted the first European exploration of Oman and was the first to penetrate the interior. A successor Samuel Miles who travelled the country forty years later, said that even then, Wellsted's map of Oman was the most trustworthy delineation of the country. Wellsted's exceedingly scarce 1838 map of Oman and his illustrations of Himyaritic Inscriptions found on of the South Coast of Arabia, are here contained in a contemporary and also scarce work. The map of Oman charts Wellsted's route to the interior and along the coast in 1835-36, including dates of arrival and discovery, placing numerous villages Beouin encampments, and springs, also illustrating geographical features encountered by Wellsted and his travel companion Lieutenant Whitelock.‎

‎Anon.‎

‎Illustrated Latin Manuscript Leaf, Hand Painted With Symbolism of Anti-Slavery, Introducing an Early Work of Translation by a Franciscan Friar of the Third Order.‎

‎Manuscript leaf introducing an early work of translation by a Franciscan Friar of the Third Order, hand painted in full colour and featuring fascinating symbolism. Text is in Latin. Leaf measures approximately 34 x 49 cm. One soft fold, minor age-toning, otherwise in very good condition, a beautifully preserved hand painted document made at the turn of the 18th century. The present document suggests that as membership of the Franciscan Third Order grew rapidly, and no formal papal education was being received by those preaching in the streets, there was a need for some form of instruction or guidance. As such, some of the key and simple canonical documents began being written for the laymen/women to understand the principles. The symbolism features intimation of anti-slavery. Purposed with works of teaching the gospel, providing charity, and social well-being for the public, early members of the Franciscan Third Order were a community focused on truth and humility, striving to emulate Christ and model a pure life. The symbolism in the manuscript illustration of the present document is fascinating and enlightening, in particular the focal image top and center. This is an armorial motif depicting slavery, rather the Catholic church's purported desire to slavery. Unlike the standard Moor's head seen in the papal coat of arms seen since early days, the imagery here features an African tribal warrior chief, all seen but his legs, with a confident stance and holding a spear up high in declaration; this is drawn inside of a gold shield topped with the pope's mitre simplex headdress. As a whole, this could be interpreted as the Franciscan Third Order's support to abolish slavery. Some of the more common instances of symbolism are the red ribbons to signify the Blood which Christ, and the laurel leafs in a circular placement as in the ancient Greek custom of symbolising victory, honor, and peace, in this case being victory over sin, honor to the Holy one, and peace on earth. There are also two large gilt fleur-de-lis, which is often said to from 1244 in the arms of the Kings of France, although clearly used earlier as this document precedes the latter event by 40 years. In early Catholic-based examples such as the present leaf, the fleur-de-lis is believed to represent either the Trinity, or the lancehead of a spear such as which would have pierced the side of Jesus on the Cross. Manuscript‎

‎Otto Sandkamp‎

‎Lot of Seven Monastic Manuscripts, with Watercolour Painted Illustration, Containing Eulogy, Hymns, and Poems.‎

‎Lot of seven monastic manuscripts, 1842-1844, hand coloured and illustrated by the writer, Otto Sandkamp, a German monk of the Catholic church, including a memorial to a notable Father Martin, verses to nature and specifically to the sun, and some hymns. 8vo. Seven manuscript documents on five leafs, two of which are signed by the author, four of which are dated. Text is in German. Leafs vary in size, the smallest measuring approximately 33 x 42 cm, and the largest measuring approximately 33 x 21 cm. Some age-toning and, otherwise in very good condition, beautifully preserved, clean and bright. One of the leafs is a eulogy-like dedication to Father Martin, possibly the respected Oblate who in 1838 was sent by the Bishop of Marseilles C.J. Eugene to Cotignac, in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Built in the 12th century, falling into disrepair, and being confiscated by the State during the French Revolution, the chapel was finally restored and put back into use in 1840 owing to a generous donation by a German family. Father Martin's "Mission of Cotignac" began in February 1842, only a few weeks after the present document of 18 January 1842, for his mission at the Chapelle Saint Martin. Some further examples of the headings include Süße, heilige natur. [Sweet, Holy Nature.], An die natur. [To nature.], and Ossian an die Sonne. [Ossian on the Sun.] Manuscript‎

‎Diesel, Rudolf‎

‎Signed Manuscript Letter in German By the Inventor of Diesel, Concerning the Installation of a Gas Engine.‎

‎Rudolf Diesel's retained copy of his own signed manuscript letter to Samuel Breslauer, concerning the installation of a gas engine. Text is in German. 4to. Two single leafs, 2 pages of text on onion skin paper measuring approximately 30 x 24 cm. Minor age-toning, otherwise in very good condition. In this correspondence, Diesel describes alterations being made to the design of his first prototype, making comments on the compressor, transmission, and the lighting system (ignition), among other things. The second prototype, described here, would be built by October the same year. The specific plan for this engine model is noted in the upper margin: Plan F.B.930. Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel (1858-1913), needing no introduction, was a German inventor and mechanical engineer who is world-famous for having invented the Diesel engine. At the time of this letter, Diesel was diligently working on altering and perfecting his 1893 engine design. This design would later be known as the diesel engine. The first prototype Motor 150/400, had been completed 12 July 1893. Initial tests proved it to be a successful concept. By October 1895, after the first prototype had been converted into the second prototype Motor 220/400. After testing, and always seeking to improve, again it was decided that a completely new engine had to be designed from scratch. On 20 February 1896, Krupp, Maschinenfabrik Augsburg, and Diesel, decided to start the development of the new engine. The new engine was supposed to be a 250 mm bore engine with a 400 mm stroke. On 5 March 1896, Diesel filed a patent application for supercharging; on 26 March, it was decided to build the new engine with a supercharger. In order to improve the efficiency of the development process, a new design bureau was built directly into Diesel's Augsburg testing laboratory. Several young engineers worked there, including Imanuel Lauster. On 30 April 1896, after Lauster had completed the drawings, the workshop at Augsburg began making parts for the engine. The first successful Diesel engine Motor 250/400, designed by Rudolf Diesel, was officially tested in 1897 by German industrial engineer Moritz Schröter. Schröter concluded, "we are beholding a quite marketable machine that has been thoroughly designed with great attention to every single detail." At this time, several firms bought licences for building legal copies of the Motor 250/400. It is now on display at the German Technical Museum in Munich. The recipient of the correspondent is Samuel Breslauer (1870-1942), a lawyer, journalist and editor, who rose to be head of the Politics department for the Berlin newspaper "Berliner Lokal Anzeiger", a daily newspaper with one of the highest national circulations of its time. Breslauer is remembered as one of the numerous Jews who were captured and deported camp during the holocaust. Surely his public role would have made him an immediate target by the German extremist leader. In August 1942, Breslauer and his wife Bertha were taken to the Theresienstadt concentration camp where they both died, she within four days.‎

‎Matthiae Dögens - DOEGEN - DÃGEN‎

‎Heutiges Tages Übliche Kriges Krieges Bau-kunst mit vilen ausserläsenen, so wol alten als neuen, geschichten bewähret und mit den vornämsten Fästungen der Christenheit lehr=bilds=weise Aufsgezieret‎

‎Bound in Continental full vellum. The engraved title depicting the author showing a geometrical drawing to William Prince of Orange. Engraved title. (6),475 pp. and 70 double-page engraved plates. Bottom Margin of title page with old owners name clipped. This was the largest work hitherto published on fortification, and it is specially interesting for containing 29 plans of European fortresses. It was originally published in Latin the year before and a French translation appeared the same year as this German edition. (Willems, Les Elzevier No 1064). - Sotheran Second Suppl. No 20981 (French edition) - Brunet II:788. - Klaus Jordan No 911. - Sloos, Warfare and the Age of Printing, 8029‎

‎Anon‎

‎Rare Japanese Manuscript: [Kaei Ni-nen Tori-uru Shi-gatsu: Angeria-sen Toraiki. "Record of the Arrival of a Ship from Anglia, Fourth Month of 1849"]‎

‎Manuscript record of the unexpected arrival of the British HMS Mariner led by Commander Charles Mitchell Mathison in Japan, in 1849, with interest in making surveys around Edo (Tokyo), four years prior to Commodore Perry's arrival, and during Japan's period of isolation (Sakoku) during which most foreigners were prohibited entry in to the country and locals prohibited exit; containing also a description of Japanese castaway Otokichi who was on the British vessel, disguised as a Chinese to evade capital punishment, who later assisted Admiral James Stirling in establishing the 1854 Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty. Text is in Japanese. 8vo. 44 pages in manuscript, plus title page, on 23 unpaginated double leaves. Traditional karitoji binding ("semi-bound" meaning title page and contents without a book cover) string-stitched at spine, fukurotoji style ("bound-pocket" with folded leafs bound into spine), and opening from left to right. Complete in a single volume, measuring approximately 24 x 17 cm. A scant few ink marks to rear leaf margin, indication of some burrowing, unobtrusive to legibility, otherwise in very good condition, beautifully preserved, clean and bright, an exceedingly scarce work. Certainly an assertive manoeuvre, for the British to show up unannounced in the harbour of Edo, Japan was in the state of Sakoku ("locked country"), the isolationist foreign policy of the Tokugawa shogunate under which relations and trade between Japan and other countries were severely limited, and nearly all foreign nationals were barred from entering Japan, while common Japanese people were kept from leaving the country. The long-standing policy had been in place for over two centuries, since 1603, and would last a few more years after the departure of HMS Mariner. It was Commodore Perry in 1853, and his equally brazen arrival with his American Black Ships, that would force the opening of Japan to American trade through a series of treaties called the Convention of Kanagawa, ultimately ending the island's declaration of Sakoku, and facilitating other trade relations with Western nations. On 14 October, 1854, the first limited Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty was signed by Admiral Sir James Stirling and representatives of the Tokugawa shogunate (Bakufu). Yamamoto Otokichi (1818-1867), who was onboard HMS Mariner disguised as a Chinese interpreter during the ship's attempted entry in Japan, later played an instrumental role in establishing this treaty, providing Stirling with intel on language and culture during the negotiations. On 26 August 1858, the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce was signed by the Scotsman Lord Elgin and representatives of the Tokugawa shogunate for Japan, after the Harris Treaty was concluded. Britain obtained extraterritorial rights on Japanese with the British Supreme Court for China and Japan, in Shanghai. A British iron paddle schooner named Enpiroru was presented to the Tokugawa administration by Bruce as a present for the Emperor from Queen Victoria. A scarce compilation of records from the Japanese perspective on a pre-Perry interaction between Bakufu authorities and a British ship, with references to Otokichi. This manuscript collates four Japanese reports of the British ship the HMS Mariner, which arrived in Japan from Shanghai in May of 1849 to make a topographical survey of the area around Edo (modern-day Tokyo), led by Commander Charles Mitchell Mathison, who had entered the Royal Navy on 5 August 1819. The event marks a very early British appearance at Japan, also pre-dating by four years the imposing arrival of Commodore Perry and his American Black ships also intent on making surveys. The first record briefly describes the layout of the Mariner and the aim of its visit to Japan. It also mentions the considerable Japanese language abilities of the Chinese interpreter on board who explained things in a way that is easy to understand, he in fact being the Japanese castaway Yamamoto Otokichi (1818-1867). The second section records foreign ship sightings from daimyo with guardhouses on the Miura Peninsula. [daimto were the most powerful landholding magnates holding the largest sections of land] The third report describes the meeting of Commander Mathison and the Bakufu intendant Egawa Tarozaemon (1801-1855), a dispute over a map of Japan, and Japanese observations of the ship and the crew. The last report is a copy of Isenokami Abe's (Masahiro Abe: 1819-1857) message to the bugyo (magistrates) and metsuke (censors/inspectors) in which, with HMS Mariner in mind, he expresses concern about the increase in the number of foreign ship arrivals in recent years and the abandoning of the Edict to Repel Foreign Ships. Abe notes that if the edict is enforced again, while there is no illegality on the part of the foreign ships, a dispute could arise, thus cautioning the noble families on the coast to prepare defenses. [Only a few years after the arrival of HMS Mariner, Isenokami would play a major role in the signing of the Convention of Kanagawa, as a result of pressure from the Perry Expedition.]‎

‎Anon.‎

‎Shozoku Chakuyo Zu [illustration of Garments] - Traditional Japanese Samurai Attire.‎

‎An outstanding illustrative work to record the details of traditional Japanese samurai attire, produced by Imaizumi Sadasuke, a scholar of the Kokugaku movement which emphasized Japanese classical studies who evidently researched the works of the eighteenth century noble Heizo Sadatake Ise. Woodblock print. The complete work. 8vo. 2 volumes, opening from left to right, 40 pages combined, with 35 woodcut images, all of which are beautifully hand-painted in full colour. Text is in Japanese. Each volume with red ink stamp to margin of first leaf, and title noted in manuscript to bottom fore-edge. In publisher's original yellow striped paper boards, each volume with title slip to front. Traditional karitoji binding ("semi-bound" meaning title page and contents without a book cover) string-stitched at spine, fukurotoji style ("bound-pocket" with folded leafs bound into spine), and opening from left to right. Each volume measures approximately 18 x 25 x 1 cm. Indication of additional small label removed from covers, otherwise in very good and original condition, a stellar work with vivid, meticulously coloured, woodcut illustration, internal crisp and clean. Striking woodcut illustrations of samurai clothing, painted with such meticulous detail to bring depth and vibrant colour, each featuring explanatory text, numerous styles are shown. Variants between the social classes are explained, ranging from lower samurai with simple garments and accoutrements such as banners and ogi (folding fan), to upper officers whose kimono was made of the highest quality decorative fabric and who carried various military arms including the katana (curved sword), the tachi (traditional sword). We also see the shaku - a narrow board held in the right hand when one wears sokutai - traditional ceremonial court dress. Based on the hand-painted manuscript scroll produced in Anei 8 (1779) by Japanese noble and scholar Heizo Sadatake Ise, and his famous guidebook for samurai, the present work serves as a vestige of hereditary eminence. Imaizumi Sadasuke (1863-1944), sometimes seen as Imaizumi Teisuke, was a Kokugaku scholar, an educator and shintoist of the Meiji, Taisho and Showa periods.‎

‎Anon‎

‎Zokui Yosan Shinron. [Additional New Theories on Sericulture]‎

‎Historically significant and exceedingly scarce nineteenth century Japanese treatise on sericulture (the making of silk), by the man who remembered as "the father of modern sericulture and silkworm rearing methods", describing and illustrating his then revolutionary methods for better nurturing of the silk worms from which the fine thread is harvested, and ultimately producing higher quality silk, the inventions having become the standard for the industry and still employed today, produced in woodblock print. 8vo. 3 volumes, 278 pages combined, plus publisher's details to yellow frontis leaf in first volume. The complete text, illustrated with 10 pages of wood printed illustrations, two of which are fully hand coloured, and two being partially hand coloured. Traditional karitoji binding ("semi-bound" meaning title page and contents without a book cover) string-stitched at spine, fukurotoji style ("bound-pocket" with folded leafs bound into spine), and opening from left to right. Black paper covers, with title label to front, the first volume with a red ink stamp to publisher's detail leaf. All text is in Japanese. Together the volumes measure approximately 14,5 x 22 x 3 cm. Minor wear to boards, otherwise very good and original condition, internally bright, a pleasing historic work dealing with silk production in Japan. Tajima Yahei (1822-1898) was an influential silk farmer in the early Meiji period, whose legacy is that of a tremendously prosperous impact on the sericulture industry of Japan, with his development of a ventilation theory and method which proved to be highly successful and subsequently laid the foundations for modern sericultural production, and the most efficient design of a sericulture space. He had a small laboratory where he researched silkworm hybridization and silkworm diseases with the aid of a microscope, which was unusual in Japan at the time. Yahei's experiments in creating an ideal sericulture space led to his invention of a new sericulture theory and technique, the seiryo-iku. He concluded that sericulture is best carried out in a space with efficient cross ventilation, which includes a roof system and openings on four walls. He perfected these procedures at his own home, the farmhouse known as 'omoya' built in 1863, referred to today as the Tajima Yahei Sericulture Farm (Tajima Yahei kyu-taku), which is located in the Sakaishima neighborhood of the city of Isesaki, in the southern part of Gunma Prefecture. Silkworm growers travelled from far and wide to observe and learn the techniques and processes developed and implemented on this revolutionary farm. Yahei was also involved in exporting silkworm eggs and earned large profits from it. Yahei's techniques later became a foundation for the secchu-iku theorized by Takayama Chogoro, founder of Takayama-sha Sericulture School, which acted as a training centre and formal education institution for sericulture. Yahei also became one of the leading figures who developed the village of Shimamura through his achievement in sericulture. Born in 1822 as Tajima Kuniyasu and Yahei (the second), throughout his childhood, he travelled to advanced sericulture areas with his father in order to gain skills and experience in silkworm breeding, production and sales. Yahei's silkworm farm is one of the earliest examples of architecture specifically designed to improve sericulture.‎

‎Imaizumi Sadasuke‎

‎okan Syozoku Cyakuyo Sidai. Colour Illustrations of Japanese Noble Women's Attires.‎

‎An outstanding work to illustrate the correct way for Japanese noblewomen to wear formal attire in the Japanese Court - the Nyokan's jyunihitoe, written by Imaizumi Sadasuke, a scholar of the Kokugaku movement which emphasized Japanese classical studies who evidently researched the works of the eighteenth century noble Heizo Sadatake Ise. Woodblock print. The complete work. 8vo. 1 volume, opening from left to right, 15 pages, with 14 woodcut images, all of which are beautifully hand-painted in full colour and captioned in margins. Text is in Japanese. In publisher's original brown paper boards, with title slip to front. Traditional karitoji binding ("semi-bound" meaning title page and contents without a book cover) string-stitched at spine, fukurotoji style ("bound-pocket" with folded leafs bound into spine), and opening from left to right. Volume measures approximately 18 x 25 x 0,5 cm. Chips and indication of burrowing to covers, otherwise in very good and original condition, a stellar work with vivid, meticulously coloured, woodcut illustration, internally crisp and clean. Striking woodcut illustrations of jyunihitoe - the official dress worn by female court officials and ladies-in-waiting of Imperial Japan, for approximately 1000 years from the Heian period to the Edo period, painted with meticulous detail to bring depth and vibrant colour. During the Heian period (794-1185) women could hold court offices of substantial responsibility, managing the affairs of the Emperor. Female palace attendants were employed by the Imperial Bureau of Palace Attendants from among the court aristocracy, but were required to have sufficient education in Chinese classics to be accepted. Women who held official positions and served in the Court of Japan from the Heian to the Edo period were called Nyokan (Nyobo, Kyujyo). The most famous is Murasaki Shikibu, who is considered the author of Tale of Genji. The imperial court offices were reserved for members of the court aristocracy and the ladies-in-waiting or 'palace attendants' were commonly educated members of the nobility. Female palace attendants were divided in two classes, which in turn had several ranks, signifying their task. The first class consisted of the nyokan, or ladies-in-waiting who held court offices: naishi-kami (shoji) naishi-suke (tenji) and naishi-no-jo (shoji). The second class were the female palace attendants: myobu, osashi, osue and nyoju. The ladies-in-waiting worked as personal assistants, tending to the Emperor's wardrobe, assisting the emperor's baths, serving meals, performing and attending court rituals. Ladies-in-waiting could be appointed as concubines, consorts or even Empresses by the Emperor or the heir to the throne. The function of a lady-in-waiting as potential concubine was abolished in 1924.‎

‎Anon.‎

‎Banpaku Shimoda nyuko kikigaki. [Oral Accounts on Foreign Ships which Entered Shimoda Port.]‎

‎Invaluable manuscript chronology of the earliest ships entering the port of Shimoda after the implementation of the Japanese-American treaty which opened up foreign trade with the previously isolationist nation, covering two years from February 1854 to February 1856, presented in the meticulous hand of a contemporary observer who compiled firsthand information as well as his own, together with a manuscript drawing of a Dutch sea captain in naval attire, made by Kitajima Toen. Manuscript: 8vo. 30 pages plus titled cover, string-tied at center of spine with rolled up paper, opening from left to right, measuring approximately 17 x 24 cm. Text is in Japanese, with occasional annotations in red ink. Drawing: Single leaf measuring approximately 24 x 33 cm, titled and signed in manuscript, with red ink stamp. Some creasing and indication of burrowing, otherwise in very good and original condition, clean and bright internally, an invaluable log of the earliest trade activity from the onset of the Convention of Kanagawa. With precise details, the writer keeps a record of vessels from America, Russia and France, arriving at Edo Bay, beginning with the return of Commodore Perry in February 1854 for the signing of what would be the Kanagawa Treaty, and continuing for two full years, featuring descriptions of the ships including dimensions and armament, repairs and supplies procured, captains' names and crew sizes, and their activities in Shimoda. This document is not only an invaluable historical log of the first and most significant foreign vessels to interact with Japan during the formative years of the Unequal Treaties, it may have been used in the Japanese study of foreign ships for their own benefit. Immediately after bowing to the demands of the powerful Western ships and their commanders, an active assimilation of Western technological advances in warships ensued in the Japanese Navy. In 1855 Japan acquired its first steam driven warship, and in 1857 its first screw driven warship. Japanese Naval students were sent abroad to naval schools in England, France, the Netherlands, and the like. By the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1867, its navy would possess eight western-style steam warships. The first vessels mentioned in the manuscript are from Perry's daunting and expanded 'Black Ships' fleet, including the Mississippi which had been one of the original four, as well the Vandalia, the Southampton, the Powhatan, and the Supply, the latter of which joined the squadron after the actual landing on 8 March. The Russian vessels being described in 1854, include the Russian Imperial Navy flagship frigate 'Diana' commanded by Vice-Admiral Euphimy Vasil'evich Putiatin, and possibly his former flagship frigate 'Pallada' which had been performing survey missions around the Japanese coast since 1853 and whose crew was transferred to Diana upon her arrival. The crew members of the Diana are listed by name, including her Imperial Navy officers, a cook, a waiter, and an interpreter. The earliest French vessel to arrive after Commodore Perry's successful treaty implementation, was a cruiser that arrived in Shimoda in February 1855, being 'Le Lion' which also landed at the Ryukyu Islands with the French missionaries from the 'Missions Étrangères de Paris', Girard, Furet and Mermet, hoping to discuss their interests in evangilizing. Catholicism was strictly forbidden in Japan. They also landed at Naha, the main port of Okinawa, on 26 February. The cruiser was denied any official communication as a formal agreement did not exist between France and Japan. On this voyage, Father Louis Théodore Furet, an apostolic missionary, carried out instrumental observations at Nafa [Naha, Okinawa] on the Ryûkyû Islands. A set of the meteorological manuscripts by Father Furet was given to Jean Barthe, the physician onboard the French frigate 'La Sibylle', who forwarded them to the 'Académie des Sciences' in Paris and to the 'Société Météorologique de France'. Meteorological observations were also carried out by Jean Barthe from 'La Sibylle'. Although negotiations were denied, the two French warships were permitted at the port of Hakodate, in Hokkaido, and members of the crew of La Sibylle who suffered severely from dysentery and scurvy received medical aid and food in a Buddhist temple. In Spring 1855, France sent an embassy under Commander-in-Chief of the French Oriental Naval Force, Captain Nicolas Francois Guerin, commanding the French warship 'La Virginie', in order to obtain similar advantages to those of other Western powers. Guerin is known for playing the primary role on behalf of the French, in pressing for, obtaining the first negotiations, and then signing a Treaty of Amity between France and the Ryûkyû Kingdom.‎

‎Vv.Aa.‎

‎Art & Language‎

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