‎Leibniz‎

‎LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm von‎

‎Nova methodus pro maximis et minimis.‎

‎Leipzig: J. Grossium & J. F. Gleditschium typis Christophori Guntheri 1682-89. Leibniz's independent discovery of calculus Third edition of the first published work on the subject of calculus in the 1684 volume of the German scientific journal Acta eruditorum here included as part of a run of the first eight years of the journal in a uniform contemporary binding and unusual in commerce in such state. The journal was issued in monthly parts. Recent scholarship by Samuel V. Lemley has determined there were three editions of the October monthly part including Leibniz's paper. The first edition was printed in 1684 the second in 1686. This is the third edition incorporating Leibniz's revisions printed in 1692 or 1693. The plate accompanying the paper is in the first state. It is apparent that individual parts were reprinted to allow subscribers to fill out incomplete sets and that these reprintings were authorized rather than piracies. The paper just seven pages long "was the first attempt to set out the rules governing infinitesimal procedures. The rules are introduced geometrically translated into algebraic terms and then redescribed in terms of differentials. This enables Leibniz to provide basic rules of addition subtraction multiplication and division. Specifying rules for the manipulation of signs depending on whether the ordinates increase or decrease he moves to the behaviour of curves leading him to introduce second-order differentials and by these means he offers procedures for finding powers and taking roots. Nevertheless it should be said that the programme advocated in Nova methodus was obscurely formulated and the paper was so cautious in its presentation that it hardly mentioned infinitesimals at all. The programme was quickly developed by the Bernoullis and others however and the first textbook Guillaume de l'Hôpital's Analyse des infiniment petits 1696 written under the guidance of Johann Bernoulli is far more explicit" Clarke & Wilson p. 349. Through its adoption and elaboration by these and other contemporaries calculus was soon firmly established in western mathematics. Leibniz's paper famously preceded Newton's publication of his own discovery of calculus and the question of whether Leibniz plagiarized Newton's unpublished work caused a lengthy furore in the scientific world; it is now recognized that both men discovered calculus independently. "The infinitesimal calculus originated in the seventeenth century with the researches of Kepler Cavalieri Torricelli Fermat and Barrow but the two independent inventors of the subject as we understand it today were Newton and Leibniz. The subsequent controversy in the early part of the eighteenth century as to the priority of their discoveries - one of the most notorious disputes in the history of science - led to an unfortunate divorce of English from Continental mathematics that lasted until the end of the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Although both Newton and Leibniz developed similar ideas Leibniz devised a superior symbolism and his notation is now an essential feature in all presentations of the subject" PMM. The Acta Eruditorum was established in 1682 in imitation of the Journal des Savans and ran till 1731. Published under the auspices of the Collegium Gellianum with support from the Duke of Saxony it covered a wide range of topics including medicine mathematics physics law history geography and theology. The journal soon became the most well-known German publication of its kind. Contributors included Boyle Leeuwenhoek Bernoulli Pascal Huygens Halley and Descartes alongside Leibniz. 8 vols quarto 207 x 152 mm. With 117 plates many folding. Bound without plate 14 in 1684 vol. and a few minor defects in other vols. Contemporary calf twin red and brown calf labels gilt in spine compartments effaced early shelf labels at foot of spines triple gilt rule to covers marbled endpapers red edges. Slight peripheral wear a few joints a little split at ends but all firm bindings in generally fresh condition browning to contents as usual a few folding plates cropped into neatline slight staining at edges of 1682 1683 and 1685 vols. A very good set. Dibner 109; Grolier/Horblit 66a; Norman 1326; Printing and the Mind of Man 160. Samuel V. Lemley "Printing Leibniz's Calculus: Dating and Numbering the Editions of the Nova Methodus pro Maximis et Minimis" in The Library pp. 177-196 vol. 22 no. 2 2021; Desmond M. Clarke & Catherine Wilson The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy in Early Modern Europe 2013. unknown‎

Referencia librero : 155395

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Choisies French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 0341625973.G ISBN : 0341625973 9780341625971

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz: Publiées Pour La Première Fois D'après Les Manuscripts Originaux; Volume 1 French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 102110194X.G ISBN : 102110194X 9781021101945

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz: Publiées Pour La Première Fois D'après Les Manuscripts Originaux; Volume 7 French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1018469362.G ISBN : 1018469362 9781018469362

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz. French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 102457718X.G ISBN : 102457718X 9781024577181

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm,‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz‎

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Referencia librero : 46500229 ISBN : 102133815x 9781021338150

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz: Essais De Théodicée. Monadologie. Lettres Entre Leibniz Et Clarke. French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1017248982.G ISBN : 1017248982 9781017248982

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz: Essais De Théodicée. Monadologie. Lettres Entre Leibniz Et Clarke. French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1017244294.G ISBN : 1017244294 9781017244298

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres De Leibniz: Publiées Pour La Première Fois D'après Les Manuscripts Originaux; Volume 3 French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1018009477.G ISBN : 1018009477 9781018009476

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres de Leibniz. Tome 2 Éd.1859-1875 Philosophie French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 2012758827.G ISBN : 2012758827 9782012758827

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres de Leibniz. Tome 3 Éd.1859-1875 Philosophie French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 2012758835.G ISBN : 2012758835 9782012758834

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques Latines Et François French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1022254618.G ISBN : 1022254618 9781022254619

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques Latines Et François French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1020955295.G ISBN : 1020955295 9781020955297

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques Latines Et Françoises de Feu Mr. De Leibnitz Classic Reprint: Tire'es de Ses Manuscrits Qui Se Conservent dans la Bibliothèque Royale A Hanovre French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 0282128352.G ISBN : 0282128352 9780282128357

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques de Leibniz. T. 1 Éd.1900 Philosophie French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 2012597408.G ISBN : 2012597408 9782012597402

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques Latines Et François‎

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Referencia librero : 46310144 ISBN : 1022254618 9781022254619

‎LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm von‎

‎Oeuvres philosophiques latines & francoises de feu. Tirées de ses manuscrits qui se conservent dans la bibliotheque royale à Hanovre et publiées par Mr. Rud. Eric Raspe. Avec une Préface de Mr. Kaestner Professeur en Mathématiques à Göttingue.‎

‎Amsterdam et Leipzig: Chez Jean Schreuder 1765. FIRST EDITION THUS. Large 4to.26 x 19.5 cm. pp.xvi2 Table & Errata54016Table des Principales Matières. Contemporary full mottled calf sides ruled in blind spine with raised bands and gilt-decorated with floral motifs red morocco label lettered in gilt marbled endpapers and edges. Title-page printed in red and black. Engraved vignette to title-page by O. de Vries decorative woodcut head-pieces culs-de-lampe and initials throughout. Lightly rubbed a few tiny wormholes to foot of spine occasional browning and light spotting generally an excellent copy in a handsome contemporary binding. First edition thus being the first collected edition of Leibnitz' philosophical works in French and Latin and containing the FIRST PRINTING of one of Leibnitz' most important philosophical works his "Nouveaux essays sur l'entendement humain" a riposte to John Locke's "Essay on Human Understanding" which Leibniz had read in Pierre Coste's celebrated French translation of 1704. "The New Essays.are a detailed commentary on Locke's Essay and thus represent an almost unique case in which one major philosopher produces a paragraph-by-paragraph critique of the principal work of another. Leibniz had practically completed the manuscript by 1704 but after learning that Locke had died he apparently lost interest in publishing it. He put it aside and it did not appear in print until 1765 nearly fifty years after his death" Benson Mates. Written directly in French this extensive treatise pp.1-496 comprises most of this collection and also constitutes one of the largest and most important of Leibniz's philosophical contributions being in addition to the Theodicy one of only two full-length works which Leibniz ever produced. Like many philosophical works of the time it is written in dialogue form. The two speakers in the book are Theophilus "lover of God" who represents the views of Leibniz and Philalethes "lover of truth" who represents those of Locke. The famous rebuttal to the empiricist thesis about the provenance of ideas appears at the beginning of Book II: "Nothing is in the mind without being first in the senses except for the mind itself". All of Locke's major arguments against innate ideas are criticized at length by Leibniz who defends an extreme view of innate cognition according to which all thoughts and actions of the soul are innate. In addition to his discussion of innate ideas Leibniz offers penetrating criticisms of Locke's views on personal identity free will mind-body dualism language necessary truth and Locke's attempted proof of the existence of God. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy IV p. 431. Amsterdam et Leipzig: Chez Jean Schreuder, 1765. hardcover‎

Referencia librero : 59436

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Philosophiques De Leibniz; Volume 2 French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1018386742.G ISBN : 1018386742 9781018386744

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres Volume 5. French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1019686081.G ISBN : 1019686081 9781019686089

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Oeuvres. Tome 6 French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 2019313596.G ISBN : 2019313596 9782019313593

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Opera Omnia . Studio Ludovici Dutens. Tomus Primus -sextus Volume 1. French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 0341020710.G ISBN : 0341020710 9780341020714

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Opera Philosophica Quae Exstant Latina Gallica Germanica Omnia Latin Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 1024011860.G ISBN : 1024011860 9781024011869

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Opera Philosophica Quae Exstant Latina Gallica Germanica Omnia French Edition‎

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Referencia librero : 102463163X.G ISBN : 102463163X 9781024631630

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm‎

‎Opera Philosophica quae exstant latina gallica germanica Omnia.; Instruxit J.E. Erdmann; Faksimiledruck der Ausgabe 1840 durch weitere Textstucke erganzt und mit einem Vorwort versehen von Renate Vollbrecht; mit einer Wiedergabe des einzigen signierten Originalportrats des Philosophen von Scheits‎

‎Scientia Aalen 1959. Hardcover. Leather spine a bit rubbed and beginning to split at the joints corners rubbed minor soil to edges name stamp to front pastedown else very good clean text very sound binding. Two volumes published as one 868pp. 3/4 dark yellow leather over paper covered boards. Scientia Aalen hardcover‎

Referencia librero : 181802

‎Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Freiherr von‎

‎Opuscules Et Fragments inédits De Leibniz. Extraits Des Manuscrits De La Bibliothèque Royale De Hanovre Par Louis Couturat.‎

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Referencia librero : ria9781418186234_inp ISBN : 1418186236 9781418186234