‎Chimie‎

‎"LAURENT, AUGUSTE. - INTRODUCING THE ""NUCLEUS THEORY"" IN CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Recherches diverses de Chimie organique. (+) Suite des Recherches diverses de Chimie organique.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. Contemp. hcloth. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 66. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Laurent's papers: pp. 136-213 a. pp. 314-335. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First printing of Laurent's long paper in which he tried to develope the rules of substitution into a chemical system oforganic compounds, the ""Nucleus theory"". Laurent is considered one of the most importent chemists in the 18th centuryHis first theoretical efforts were largely taxonomic in character. He then began to develop a pictorial model based on atomistic representations as considered by earlier French crystallographers. Laurent’s ""nucleus theory"" or ""theory of derived radicals""located every substance at the intersection of two kinds of transformations: substitutions, which operate on the matter inside the fundamental radical and do not affect its general chemical behavior, and external modifications, which influence various chemical functions. (DSB).""In his studies of the derivatives of naphtalene, Laurent was impressed by the fact the the fundamental properties of these compounds remained, in spite of the various substitutions which took place in them. A certain nucleus seemed to impose its properties on all its derivatives. This nucleus theory was the basis for the unitary which was specifically formulated by Gerhardt.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 345).The volume contains other notable papers by Regnault, D'Arcet, Chevreuil, Rose, Gay-Lussac and Carlo Matteucci's importent memoir ""Sur la Propagation du Courant Electriques dans les Liquides"", pp. 225-313.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45079

‎"DAVY, HUMPHRY - FOUNDATION OF ELECTRO-CHEMISTRY.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture, on some chemical Agencies of Electricity. Read November 20, 1806.‎

‎London, Philosophical Transactions, 1807. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1807 - Part I. Pp. With titlepage to Part I. Pp. 1-56 and 1 engraved plate (showing the pile used). A bit of browning to the plate and a larger brownspot in right margin. Otherwise clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎First printing of a MILESTONE PAPER IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY in which Davy shows that electricity is capable of decomposing the most stable elements.""Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lecture to the Royal Society on November 20, 1806 (the paper offered here). His experiments, along the lines stated in this paper, lead to his discoveries of potassum and sodium in 1807 and the year after to barium, calcium and boron.(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 243). - Sparrow: Milestones of Science No 52. - Wheeler Gift: 2511.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45127

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY. - ELECTROCHEMISTRY DISCLOSING THE NATURE OF SUBSTANCES.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. An Account of some new analytical Researches on the Nature of certain Bodies, particularly the Alkalies, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Carbonaceous Matter, and the Acids hitherto undecompounded" with some general Observations on Chemical ...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1809). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1809 - Part I. Pp. 39-104 and 1 engraved plate showing some of the apparatus used in his electrochemical researches. Fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of a historical paper in chemistry, in which Davy announced his isolation, by electrochemistry, of Calcium, Barium, Strontium and Magnesium, and claiming that boracic acid is metallic in nature and proposing the name ""boracium"". He further discusses chemical theory.""The objects which principally occupied Mr. Davy's attention in the present lecture are, the elements of ammonia" the nature of sulphur the nature of phosphorus, the states of carbonaceous principle in plumbago, charcoal, and diamond the analysis of boracic acid the analysis of fluoric acid" with a series of numerous experiments on muriatic acid."" (Abstracts).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45132

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY - PROVING THAT CHLORINE IS AN ELEMENT.‎

‎Researches on the oxymuriatic Acid, its Nature and Combinations" and on the Elements of the muriatic Acid. With some Experiments on Sulphur and Phosphorus, made in the Laboratory of the Royal Institution. Read July 12, 1810. (+) The Bakerian Lecture. ...‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1810 a. 1811. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 231-257 and 1811 - Part I. Pp. 1-35. Both papers clean and fine. With titlepages to 1810, Part I and 1811, Part I. Titlepage to 1810 with a brownspot to upper inner margin.‎

‎First appearance of these importent papers in the history of chemistry in which Davy announces his proofs of the elementary nature of clorine, describing the preparation, physical and chemical properties of a new gas, which he called 'euchlorine'. It is unstable and explodes on heating to give chlorine and oxygen. Davy here suggested the name 'chlorine', from a greek work for green, because of the greenish colour of the gas.Thorpe said of this first paper ""As a piece of induction, the memoir is a model of its kind, and as an exercise in ""the scientific use of ofthe imagination"" it has few equals.""Davy's researches on chlorine are of an importence comparable with those on the alkali metals. Chlorine, first discovered by Scheele, was regarded by him as a *dephlogisticated muriatic acid"". As phlogiston was practically synonymous with with hydrogen to Scheele, this view was essentialy correct. Lavoisier, however, chiefly occupied with phenomena of combustion, assumed that chlorien was an oxide of an unknown ""radical"". Davy performed many experiments endeavouring to confirm the presence of oxygen and finally concluded that chlorine was an element.""(A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 244).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45161

‎"THOMSON, THOMAS & WILLIAM HYDE WOLLASTON. - THE LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS CONFIRMED - THE FOUNDATIONS OF ATOMIC THEORY.‎

‎On Oxalic Acid. Read January 14th, 1808. (Thomson) (+) On Super-acid and Sub-acid Salts. Read January 28, 1808. (Wollaston). 2 Papers.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1808. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1808 - Part I. Pp. 63-95 (Thomson) and pp. 96-102 (Wollaston:). Clean and fine. With titlepage to 1808, Part I.‎

‎First appearance of these two historical papers in chemistry in which Thomson and Wollaston, independently, presents experimental proofs of John Dalton's ""Law of Multiple Proportions"", and thereby laying the foundations of the Atomic Theory. - These demonstrations went far to influence chemists favorably toward Dalton's atomic theory. ""In January 1808 Thomson was the first to submit an experimental illustration of the law of multiple proportions, doing so at least four months before the publication of Dalton's ""New System of Chemistry Philosophy"" (1808). This paper, ""On Oxalic Acid"" also established a usefull method of determining empirical formulas.""(DSB XIII, p. 373).""This paper is also importent as he here introduces quantified chemical symbolism for compounds, a compound with, for instance, two parts oxygen (w) and one part carbon (c) being denoted by 2w + c."" (Parkinson in ""Breakthroughs"", 1808 C).""In 1808 he (Wollaston) described his experiments on carbonates, sulfates, and oxalates, which proved that the composition of these substances was regulated by the law of multiple proportions. These additional instances of the law were easely verifiable and were often mentioned as standard examples. Wollaston accepted that his findings were merely particular instances of Dalton's assertion that the atoms of elements united one to one, or by simple multiple relation.""(DSB XIV, p.488).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45166

‎"DUTROCHET, RENÉ JOACHIM HENRI. - A CLASSIC WORK ON OSMOSIS.‎

‎De l'Endosmose des Acides.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1835). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, tome 60, Cahier 4. Pp. 337-448 (entire issue offered). With htitle to vol. 60. Dutrochet's paper: pp. 337-368.‎

‎First appearance of one of the classic papers in which Dutrochet investigated his discovery of OSMOSIS. ""Dutrochet’s research on the phenomena of osmosis and diffusion (or endosmosis and exosmosis, as he not very aptly called them) and their applications to the study of previously unexplained vital phenomena attracted general attention. His chief observation was that certain organic membranes allow the passage of water but stop the molecules dissolved in it, so that between two solutions of different concentration, separated by such a membrane, water passes from the less concentrated to the more concentrated, even against gravity. Although the conditions of Dutrochet’s experiments were rather simple and did not allow of great accuracy, he made the first important steps toward the study of osmosis and diffusion.""(DSB).Garrison & Morton: 670.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45515

‎PROUST, (JOSEPH LOUIS) - THE DISCOVERY AND ISOLATION OF GRAPE-SUGAR.‎

‎Memoire sur le Sucre de raisin" (+) Suite du Mémoire....sur le sucre de raisin. (2 Parts).‎

‎Paris, Chez Bernard, 1806. No wrappers. Ectracts from ""Annales de Chimie ou Recueil de Mémoires.."" Vol. 57. Pp. 131-174 a. pp. 225-272. With the titlepage to volume 57.‎

‎First appearance of a classic paper in which Proust describes his discovery of Grape.Sugar and the identificationof this with glucose. He investigated the varieties of sugar that occur in sweet vegetable juices, distinguishing three kinds, and he showed that the sugar in grapes, of which he announced the existence to his classes at Madrid, is identical with that obtained from honey by the Russian chemist J. T. Lowitz.Proust is famous for his work on the steadiness of composition of chemical compounds.""In chemistry, the law of definite proportions, sometimes called Proust's Law, states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass. An equivalent statement is the law of constant composition, which states that all samples of a given chemical compound have the same elemental composition. For example, oxygen makes up 8/9 of the mass of any sample of pure water, while hydrogen makes up the remaining 1/9 of the mass. Along with the law of multiple proportions, the law of definite proportions forms the basis of stoichiometry.""(Wikipedia).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45517

‎"VRIES, HUGO DE. - DISCOVERING PLASMOLYSIS.‎

‎Sur la perméabilité du Protoplasma des Betteraves rouges.‎

‎La Haye, Nijhoff, 1871. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. Frontwrapper frayed at edges and with some nicks. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles."", Tome 6. II,VIII,483,(1) pp. a. 10 lithographed plates, some in colour. De Vries' paper: pp. 117-126. Internally clean and fine, partly unopened.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper on osmosis, in which De Vries gave the name of 'PLASMOLYSIS"" to a chemical concentration of the cytoplasm and linked it with the increased osmotic pressure outside the cell. he also introduces the concept ""isotronic"", denoting the ration of concentrations, the 'isotronic coefficient'.""In 1871 he was studying the changes induced in fragments of beetroot immersed in various solutions. The sugar and the cytoplasmic pigment never entered the bath. In contrast, if the concentration of cane sugar or sodium chloride in the external liquid were raised, the cytoplasm contracted, returning to its normal volume when exposed to pure ayer. The impermeability of the cell wall to cane sugar and sodium chloride and the ready passage of water through it was thus established. De Vries gave the name of plasmolysis to this concentration..""‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45566

‎"AMONTONS, (GUILLAUME).‎

‎Experiences sur les dissolutions & sur les fermentation froides de M. Geoffroy, réiterées dans les Vaves de l'Observatoire.‎

‎(Paris, Jean Boudot, 1706). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1705"". Pp. 83-87.‎

‎First printing.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45668

‎"FREMY, EDMOND. - TOWARDS ISOLATION OF FLUORINE FREMY'S SALT.‎

‎Recherches sur les Fluorures. Premier Mémoire.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1856. No wrappers. Extracted from: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 47. Pp. 5-50. Textillustr. With titlepage to vol. 47. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of Fremy's importent paper on the isolation of fluorine, a historic paper in electro-chemistry. The existence of the element fluorine had been well known for many years (since 1813, Davy), but all attempts to isolate it had failed and some experimenters had died in the attempt.""The history of fluorine is a tragic record. Marggraf described hydrofluoric acid in 1768, and Scheele studied it three years later. Lavoisier..., thought that all acids contain oxygen, but Davy showed that this one does not. Ampere suggested to Davy that hydrofluoric acid must be composed of hydrogen and an unknown element. Poul Schutzenberger expressed the belief that this unknown substance, fluorine, would be found to be the most active of all elements, and correctly predicted some of its properties. Ti is this extreme activity of the element that made its liberation such a difficult and dangerous task and brought agony and death to some of the pioneer investigators.""(Weeks p. 266-67). ""An important step was made by Frémy, Moissan’s first mentor, when he succeeded in preparing pure, anhydrous HF and also KHF2, so-called Frémy’s salt, expressed ""KFl.HFl"" using the notations of that time. Frémy had come very close to finding the solution by electrolysing anhydrous HF, molten calcium fluoride or potassium fluoride, but he seemed not to have had the idea of replacing these compounds by KHF2, perhaps because of the high melting point of the compound, TF = 293°C, which would have led to insurmountable technical difficulties."" Weeks ""Discovery of teh Elements"", p. 266 ff.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45677

‎"DAVY, HUMPHREY. - THE DETONATING EXPERIMENT THAT DAMAGED DAVY'S EYE.‎

‎On a new detonating Compound, in a Letter from ....., to the Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks. Read November 5, 1812.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1813). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1813 - Part I. Pp. 1-7.‎

‎First appearance of this importent historical paper in which Davy describes how he produced Nitrogen Chloride.""In September 1812 Davy heard from Paris of a compound of 'gaz zote et de chlore...."", The discoverer and method of preparation were not stated, and Davy found no notice of it in the French literature. n a paper read on 5 November ....(the paper offered) he described its preparation by the action of chlorine on cooled solutions of ammonia, nitrate of ammonia, and oxalate of ammonia, and some of its explosive properties. He was seriously injured in the eye by an explosion.""(Partington IV, p. 57-58).This explosion induced Davy to hire Faraday as a co-worker.Together with J.F.W.HERSCHEL ""On a remarkable Application of Cote's Theorem. Communcated by by W. Herschel. Read November 12, 1812."" Pp. 8-26 and 1 engraved plate.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45710

‎FRY, GEORGIO (GEORGE).‎

‎La Theoria e la Pratica dei Silò Dolci. Versione dall'inglese di Carlo Valperga di Masino.‎

‎Torino, F. Casanova, 1886. 8vo. Bound in a fine contemp. full calf, profusely gilt spine, gilt line borders on covers and inside gilt borders. 94 pp. Clean and fine.‎

‎This Italian version of Fry's book deals with Silos and the chemistry of Silage.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45752

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY - THE DISCOVERY OF POTASSIUM AND SODIUM.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture, on some new Phenomena of chemical Changes produced by Electricity,particularly the Decomposition of the fixed Alkalies, and the Exhibition of the new substances which constitute their bases" and on the general Nature of alkaline ...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1808). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1808 - Part I. Pp. 1-44. Clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎First printing of this importent historical paper in chemistry, in which Davy shows that electricity is capable of decomposing some alkalies, isolating two new substances and discovering potassium and sodium. Neville in his Historical Chemical Library vol. I, p.340, writes about this paper ""ONE OF THE GREAT CLASSIC RESEARCHES IN CHEMISTRY, in which Davy announced in this, his second Bakterian lecture, the isloation of metallic potassium and sodium by the electrolytic decomposition of their fused oxides.""""He (Davy) began his own electrical experiments...The results were spectacular. On October 6, 1807, the current passing through molten potash liberated a metal, which Davy called potassium. The little globules of shining metal tore the water molecule apart as it eagerly recombined with oxygen and the liberated hydrogen burst into lavender flame. Davy danced about in a delirium of joy. A week later he isolated sodium from soda.""(Asimow). The paper offered here describes these discoveries.""Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lecture to the Royal Society on November 20, 1806.(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 243). - Wheeler Gift: 2514.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45884

‎"BARON, (THÉODORE). - THE COMPOSITION OF BORAX.‎

‎Examen Chymique d'un Sel apporté de Perse, sous le Nom de Borech, avec des réflexions sur une Dissertation latine concernant la même matière, dédiée à la Société Royale de Londres.‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1755). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome II. Pp. 412-434.‎

‎First printing of one of the 2 papers in which baron finally settled the composition of Borax. He showed that Borax is formed by the combination of soda with the substance (boric acid) previously called se sédatif.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45935

‎"DAVY, JOHN.‎

‎An Account of some Experiments on the Combinations of different Metals and Chlorine, &c. Communicated by Humphry Davy. Read Februar 27, 1812.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1812). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1812 - Part II. Pp. 169-204.‎

‎First appearance of Davy's further experiments with chlorine. John's brother was Humphrey Davy.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45964

‎"ØRSTED (OERSTED), H.C.‎

‎Méthode électro-magnetique d'essayer l'argent et d'autres métaux, inventée.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1828. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 39 (Sec. Cahier), With titlepage to vol. 39. pp. 225-336. (Entire issue offered). Oersted's paper: pp. 274-287 a. 1 folded engraved plate.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Ørsted describes his invention of a new method for the assay of silver and other metals by electro-magnetic means.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45990

‎"REGNAULT, V. (HENRI VICTOR) et J. REISET. - INSPIRING JULES VERNE - THE ""RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT""‎

‎Recherches chimiques sur la Respiration des Animaux des diverses Classes.‎

‎(Paris, Victor Masson, 1849). Without wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", Troisieme Series - Tome 26. Cahier 3-4. Pp. 299-528 a. 2 folded engraved plates, showing apparatus used.(Entire issues offered). The joint paper takes up both issues. With half-title to tome 26.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper, which contains extensive comparative studies of respiration and calorimetry. They refined Lavoisier's experiments on measuring the oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production of animals and calculated the first good ratios of what came to be called the ""RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT"". It was the use of the apparatus and methods developed here, that enabled scientists the world over to gain some understanding of utilization of energy by many different animals.The inspiration for the space age scientific novel by JULES VERNE ""De la Terre a la Lune"" (1865) was based on the methods described by Regnault and Reiset in this paper to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide produced by men, dogs and chickens in the ""projectile"". The paper is cited several times in this famous novel.The species study in the Regnault and Reiset collaboration included warm-blooded animals, such as dogs, cats, and rabbits as well as hibernating and non-hibernating marmots. Cold-blooded animals , such as frogs, salamanders, reptiles and lizards were also described...In over 100 experiments their assays included the effects of temperature, season, diet, level of nutrition, compositionof air, sex, hibernation, age, body weights and other variables onrespiratory exchange and nitrogen exhalation or absorption (Based on W. Flatt & W. Payne).Garrison & Morton: 932.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46006

‎"TURNER, EDWARD. - ATOMIC WEIGHTS REVISED.‎

‎Experimental Researches on Atomic Weights. Received April 25, - Read ay 16, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 523-544.‎

‎First edition of the paper in whichTurner revised the atomic weights stipulated by Prout and Thomson and thus confirming the values of Berzelius.""In 1828 Turner decided to place himself in the delicate position of ""umpire between two of the greatest of living chemists"" by investigating the discrepancies between Thomson’s and Berzelius’ atomic weights. He found immediately that Berzelius’ criticism of Thomson’s careless use of the reagent barium chloride was justified. From 1829 to 1833 he gradually showed that the remarkable edifice raised by Thomson’s Principles was a house of cards. At the meeting of the British Association for Advancement of Science held at Oxford in 1832, and at the Royal Society in 1833, Turner demonstrated by careful analyses (in the paper offered) that Thomson’s atomic weights for chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, lead, and mercury were in serious error, that his own values confirmed those of Berzelius, and, consequently, that although integral atomic weights might be used as convenient approximations by ""medical men, students, and manufactures,"" the true values were inconsistent with Prout’s original hypothesis.""(DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46010

‎"LAVOISIER, ANTOINE-LAURENT.‎

‎Mémoire sur les diffrenetes méthodes proposées pour déterminer le titre ou la qualité du Salpêtre brut, sur la volatilisation de ce sel, qui a lieu par la simple ébullition, et sur les changemens qu'il paroît convenable de fairee aux operations us...‎

‎(Paris, Rue et Hôtel Serpente, 1792-93). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 15 (December issue) + Tome 16 (January issue), entire issues offered. Pp. 224-266, pp. 297-316 (Resultat..), pp. 3-39 a. 1 large folded table.‎

‎First printing of two importent memoirson the Salpetre industry.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46020

‎"RAOULT, FRANCOIS MARIE.‎

‎Methode universelle pour la Détermination des Poids moléculaires.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1886. Bound with the original printed wrappers to all 4 issues (8 wrappers) in contemp. hcalf. Wear to top of spine. Light wear along edges. Two small stamps on verso of titlepage. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6. Series - Tome VIII. 576 pp. and 1 folded engraved plate. The entire volume offered. Raoult's paper: pp. 317-339.‎

‎First printing. In a brilliant paper in 1886, Raoult derived an expression for the relative lowering of the vapor pressure of solutions in ether, which is still in use.Also containing another paper by Raoult ""Influence du Degré de Concentration sur le Poilt de Congélation des Dissolutions"", pp. 289-317.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46024

‎"AVOGADRO, (AMEDEO).‎

‎Mémoire sur les Chaleurs spécifiques des corps solides et liquides.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1833). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 55, Cahier 1. Pp. 5-112. (The entire issue offered) and with halftitlepage to vol. 55). Avogadro's paper: pp. 80-111.‎

‎In 1819 Dulong and Petit announced that there was a simple relationship between specific heats and atomic weights. Although they suggested that their law might be extended to compounds, it was F. E. Neumann who, in 1831, first applied the law practically to solid compounds. Avogadro, who began his research in this field in 1833 (in the paper offered), ivestigated both liquids and solids.He decided that the formula of a compound in the liquid or solid state could not be the same as that in the gaseous state. He therefore introduced the arbitrary division of molecules and considered, for example, that a molecule of water or ice contained only a quarter as many atoms as one of steam.(DSB).Also with Eilhard Mitscherlich ""Sur le Rapport de la Densité des gaz à leur poids atomiques"", pp. 5-41, textillustr. and his ""Sur la Benzine et les Acides des Huiles et de Stároptes"", pp. 41-59.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46028

‎"UNVERDORBEN, OTTO. - THE DISCOVERY OF ANILINE.‎

‎Ueber das Verhalten der organischen Körper in höheren Temperaturen.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1826. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. A few scratches to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 8. (10),526 pp. and 3 folded engraved plates. Small stamps onverso of titlepage. (Entire volume offered). Unverdorben's paper: pp. 253-265, 397-410, 477-487. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Unverdorben describes the method by which he discovered Aniline, which became so importent in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. ""Aniline (from the Portugese anil, applied to indigo, and derived from the Arabic an-nil, the blue substance), was first obtained by Unverdorben by heating indigo, and was given the name 'crystalline'. In 1841 Carl Julius von Fritzsche (1807-71), an assistant to Mitscherlich and, later, a member of the Academy of Sciences in St. petersburg, obtained the same compound from anthranilic acid, which was produced by the action of caustioc alkalis on indigo, and called it 'aniline'... in 1843 Hofmann showed that the three substances, crystalline, aniline and benzidam, were identical with the base isolated from coal tar.""(Findlay ""A Hundred years of Chemistry"", p. 134).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1826 C.The volume contains other importent papers Antoine Jerome Balard ""Ueber eine besondere Substanz im Meereswasser"" in which he describes his discovery of the element BROMINE, first German edition, pp. 114-124 a. pp. 319-336. (Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1826 C.). And Eilhard Mitscherlich ""Ueber eine neue Klasse von Krystallformen"", pp. 427-442.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46031

‎"RAOULT, FRANCOIS MARIE.‎

‎Sur les Tensions de Vapeur des Dissolutions faites dans L'Éther.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1888. Contemp. hcalf. Light wear along edges. Two small stamps on verso of titlepage. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6. Series - Tome XV. 576 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. The entire volume offered. Raoult's paper: pp. 375-407. lean and fine.‎

‎First printing of an importent paper in which Raoult gives further applications of his own discovery, ""Raoult's Law""‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46034

‎"FARADAY, M. (MICHAEL)‎

‎On the mutual action of sulphuric acid and naphthaline, and on a new acid produced. Read February 16, 1826.‎

‎(London, W.Nicol, 1826). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1826 - Part II. Pp. 140-162.‎

‎First apperance of the importent paper in which Faraday found the correct formula for naphthalene.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46065

‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - ""SO MUCH HAS SELDOM BEEN ACCOMPLISHED BY A SINGLE INVESTIGATION""‎

‎Researches on the Arseniates, Phosphates, and Modifications of Phosphoric Acid. Received January 29. Read June 19, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 253-284. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a main paper in the history of chemistry. ""Graham's major contribution to inorganic chemistry is presented in a paper entitled ""Researcheson thee Arseniates, Phosphates....."" 1833 (the paper offered)...his elucidation of the differences between the three phosphoric acids and his discovery of their polybasicity provided Liebig with the clue to the modern concept of polybasic acids...""(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 333).Graham’s major contribution to inorganic chemistry is his paper !Researches on the Arseniates, Phosphates, and Modifications of Phosphoric Acid,"" in which he elucidated the differences between the three phosphoric acids. This research and the style of the paper are reminiscent of Joseph Black’s work on magnesia and the alkalies carried out in Glasgow eighty years earlier. Graham’s discovery of the polybasicity of these acids provided Justus Liebig with the clue to the modern concept of polybasic acids. Of this classic work the eminent German chemist and historian of chemistry Albert Ladenburg has said, ""so much has seldom been accomplished by a single investigation.""(DSB) ""In the Preface to...Graham's papers...Dr. Angus Smith has indicated in precise...language Graham's position in that chain of thinkers which includes Leucippus, Lucretius, Newton and Dalton (Thorpe)""Thomas Graham, the Scottish Chemist, first president of the Chemical Society of London, and one of the chief founders of physical chemistry. He formulated Graham's Law of diffusion relating the rate of diffusion of gases to their densities, discovered and named the process of dialysis used for separating colloids from crystalloids, studied the three forms of phosphoric and arsenics acids that led to the developpement of the concept of polybasic acids, a major contribution to inorganic chemistry (the paper offered).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 46362