‎Chimie‎

‎"NILSON, L.- F. (LARS FREDRIK). - THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW ELEMENT SCANDIUM.‎

‎Sur l'ytterbine, terre nouvelle de M. Marignac. (+) Sur le scandium, élément nouveau.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1879. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 88, No 12. Pp. (625-) 676. (Entire issue offered). Nilson's papers: pp. 642-645 a. 645-648. First leaf with a tear to right margin, no loss of paper.‎

‎First apperance of the papers in which Nilson describes his discovery of a new element and its properties, and naming it Scandium. It was the second new element found after Mendeleev's prediction of its existence as ""Eka-Boron"".""Mendeléeff had predicted that another element, which he called eka-boron and which he said would have an atomic weight between 40 (calcium) and 48 (titanium), would some day be revealed. It was discovered in 1879 by Lars Fredrik Nilson.... Nilson extracted 63 grams of the rare earth erbia from gadolinite and euxenite, and converted it into the nitrate. Upon decomposing this salt by heat, as Marignac had done, he obtained some very pure ytterbia and, to his great surprise, an earth that was unknown to him.Upon thoroughly investigating this new earth, he found that it contained an element whose properties concided almost exactly with those Mendeléef had predicted for ekaboron. Nilson called it scandium in honour of his fatherland.""(Weeks ""Discovery of the Elements"" pp. 219-20).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1879 C.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47273

‎"DULONG, (PIERRE) & (ALEXIS) PETIT. - THE ""LAW OF DULONG AND PETIT"" THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ATOMIC WEIGHT AND ATOMIC HEAT ESTABLISHED.‎

‎Recherches Sur la Mesure des Températures et sur les Lois de la communication de la chaleur. Introduction. (+) Suite des Recherches sur la Mesure des Témperatures..... Seconde Partie. Des Lois du Refroidissement. (+) Suite Des Recherches sur la Mesure...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1817 a. 1819. Bound in one contemp hcloth (vol. 7) and 1 issue without wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Vol. 7 and vol. 10, Cahier 4. - 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates (entire vol. 7 offered) + pp. 337-443 a. 2 engraved plate (entire issue offered, Cahier 4 of vol. 10 with htitle to the vol.). Dulon & Petit's papers: pp. 113-154, pp. 225-264, pp. 337-367 and Vol. X, pp. 395-413.‎

‎First edition of these 4 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT, i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory. ""In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began"" it produced three importent memoirs on heat."" (the papers offered here). The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the ""Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""""They (Dulang and Petit) were concerned with the specific heats of elements"" but if these elements really existed as atoms, it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount."" (DSB). ""One of his (Dulong) most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit (1791-1820), with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant (1819). It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights, especially when these were in question, and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules."" (Leicester & Klickstein, A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 273). Parkinson, Breakthroughs (1819).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47356

‎"PASTEUR, LOUIS. - ON MOLECULAR ASSYMETRY.‎

‎Etudes sur les modes d'accroissement des cristaux et sur les causes des variations de leurs formes secondaires.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier),1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XLIII, No. 17. Pp. (769-) 824. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 795-798.‎

‎First appearance of one of Pasteur's last importent papers on Molecular Assymetry.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47410

‎"BALARD, J.A. (ANTOINE JÉROME) - FUNDAMENTALS OF BLEACHING WITH CHLORINE.‎

‎Researches concerning the Nature of Bleaching Compounds of Chlorine.‎

‎London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837. No wrappers. Extracted fron ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from The Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science and Learned Societies. Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. I, pp. 269-310.‎

‎First appearance in English of this importent paper in which Balard published the results of his study of the bleaching agent Javelle water. In the course of working out the chemistry of this chlorine bleach, he succeeded in preparing hypochlorous acid and chlorine monoxide. The memoir was published first in French in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 1834.""In his researches on the bleaching compounds of chlorine he was the first to advance the view that bleaching-powder is a double compound of calcium chloride and hypochlorite"" and he devoted much time to the problem of economically obtaining soda and potash from seawater, though here his efforts were nullified by the discovery of the much richer sources of supply afforded by the Stassfurt deposits.""(Online Encyclopedia"")‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47412

‎"COUPER, A. - S.(ARCHIBALD SCOTT). - INTRODUCING A NEW ERA IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur une nouvelle Théorie cimique. (Note présentée par M.Dumas).‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1858. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 46, No 24. Pp. (1121-) 1173 (entire issue offered). Couper's paper: pp. 1157-1160. A faint dampstain to right margins.‎

‎First appearance of this milestone announcement in organic chemistry - a longer memoir was published in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"" later in the same year, 1858 - in which, independently of Kekulé, Couper introduces the CONCEPT OF BONDS (represented as a dash or a dotted line) in chemistry and also observes the very importent fact, that carbon atoms forms the backbone of organic compounds.""It was not till 1858 that a satisfactory theory of molecular constitution was advanced, simultaneously and endependently, by thwo young chemists, Friedrich August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper. The theory of molecular constitution put foreward....by Couper and Kekulé rested on two main postulates, the quadriivalency of carbon,....and the capacity of the carbon atom for mutual linking or combining together to form a carbon ""chain"". By this hypothesis of the mutual linking together of carbon atoms - which waslater confirmed by experiment - it was possible to explain the formation of organic compounds containing a large number of carbon atoms. On the foundation of their postulates two postulates, moreover, (they) showed how the molecular constitution or mutual linking together of the atoms of a compound could be represented diagrammatically and the relstions between different compounds made readily intelligible. In his classic paper ""On a New Chemical Theory"" (the paper offered here in its first appearance) advanced beyond Kekulé by representing the constitutions of the compounds by means of GRAPHIC FORMULA in which, as at the present day, the valencies pf the atoms are represented by lines....his formulae are similar to those at present in use...""(Findlay pp. 34 ff)""The theory of Kekulé and Couper gave the chemists the maeans of solving the problems of chemical constitution"" and by means of the graphic or constitutional formulae it became possible to represent the molecular constitution of known compounds and to foresee the possible existence of isomeric compounds.""(Findlay).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1858 C.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47569

‎SCHÜBLER, G.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Farben der Blüthen und einige damit in beziehung stehende Gegenstände. Eine Inaugural-Dissertation welche nebst Beifügung chirurgischer Thesen... Erlangungen der Doctor-Würde... in December 1825... prüfung vorgelegt Carl August...‎

‎Tübingen, Schönhardt'schen Schriften, (1825). Small 8vo. Orig. brown blank wrappers. 33,(2) pp. a. 3 tables.‎

‎First edition. Early importent research on the chemistry of plant-colours.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47819

‎"MENDELEEV, DIMITRI IVANOVITCH. (MENDELEYEV MENDELEV MENDELEJEFF)‎

‎Sur la Dilatation des Liquides.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1884. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges and to top of spine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6e Series, Tome II. 568 pp. and 1 folded engraved plates. (Entire volume offered). Mendeleev's paper: pp. 271-282.‎

‎Mendeleev's first step towards his chemical theory of solutions.""After 1884, Mendeleev concerned himself with the expansion of liquids and in particular with the specific weights of aqueous solutions of various substances. He was able to conclude that in such solutions discontinuous relationships exist between the solvent and the solute, attesting to the existence of determinate chemical relationships - a necessary condition, according to chemical atomic theory. Mendeleev thus arrived at a chemical theory of solutions, which he opposed to the theory of electrolytic dissociation of dilute aqueous solutions set forth by Arrhenius.""(DSB).The volume contains further notable papers LECOQ DE BOISBAUDRAN ""Séparation du Gallium d'avec les autres Éléments"", pp. 176-271 - he discovered Gallium in 1877, this long paper describes describes the separation of a long sereis of other metals, also the rare earth metals. - 3 importent papers by FRANCOIS MARIE RAOULT on molecular weight of organic compounds, follwing up his discovery of Raoult's Law two years before.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47884

‎"WÖHLER, F. et J. LIEBIG. - THE DISCOVERY OF ""EMULSIN"" A MAIN WORK IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur la Formation de l'Huile d'Amandes amères. (+) Emploi d'un nouveau Médicament en place des Waux distillées du Laurier-Cerise ou d'Amandes amères, proposé par.. F. Woehler et J. Liebig.‎

‎Paris, Crochard et Comp., 1837. Orig. printed wrappers. No backstrip. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 64, Cahier 2 (Fevrier 1837). Pp. 113-224. (Entire issue offered with printed wrappers.). Wöhler a. Liebig's papers: pp. 185-209 a. pp. 209-217.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper in organic chemistry in which Wöhler and Liebig showed how Amygdalin could be decomposed by a vegetable emulsion, the first example of a glycoside. The papers were issued at the same time in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"".""The conclusions which you have drawn from the investigation of bitter-almond oil,"" wrote Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler, ""are certainly the most importent which have so far been reached in the domain of vegetable chemistry, and give promise of shedding an unexpected light over this part of the science...The facts which you have set forth inspire such reflections that they may be regarded as the dawn of a new day in vegetable chemistry.""(Berzelius-Wöhler Briefwechsel).""During the years that Liebig was preoccupied with the ether theory and with organic acids, he also carried out two importent investigations with Wöhler. In october 1836 Wöhler wrote that he had discovered a way to transform amygdalin to oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanid acis, by distilling it with manganese and sulfuric acid, and he invited Liebig to join in pursuing the topic. Two days later he made a more remarkable discovery. It had occurred to him that perhaps thetransformation of amygdalin could be effected by the albumin in the almonds, in a manner similar to the action of yeast in sugar...Wöhler suspected that the decomposition was an example of what Berzelius had recently defined as catalysis. Liebig and Wöhler then divided up the detailed examination of the properties and composition of amygdalin. They precipitated from the emulsion of almonds a substance which when dissolved retain its action. They named the active substance ""emulsion"". Its effectiveness in very small quantities confirmed that it acted like yeast.""(DSB VIII, p. 342).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48086

‎"PASTEUR, (LOUIS). - THE SEPARATION OF LEFT- AND RIGHT HANDED FORMS IN SOLUTIONS.‎

‎Note relative au Penicillium glaucum et à la dissymétrie‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1860. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 51, No 8. Pp. (273-) 307. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 298-299.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which the optical chemical acticity in fermentation could be explained as an activity of a living organism.""He showed in 1860 that a specific mold, penicillium glaucum, selectively metabolized the right-handed form in a solution of ammonium paratartrate containing a little phosphate. Later qualified, modified, and generalized by others, Pasteur’s new method become applicable to the separation of leftand right-handed forms in a number of compounds.""(DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48139

‎"HASSENFRATZ, (JEAN-HENRI). - THE LAGRANGE-HASSENFRATZ THEORY OF RESPIRATION.‎

‎Mémoire sur la combinaison de l'oxigene avec le carbone & l'hydrogène du sang, sur la dissolution de l'oxigène dans le sang, & sur la maniere dont le calorique se dégage.‎

‎Paris, 1791. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Spine a bit rubbed. Wear to top of spine. A dampstain to lower right corners on the first 15 leaves of the volume. Stamps to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 9. 355 pp. a. 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Hassenfratz's paper: pp. 261-274.‎

‎First printing of a classic paper in physiology.""Hassenfratz, a pupil of Lagrange, maintained that the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen took place in the blood, and not in the lungs as taught by others.""(Garrison & Morton: 926).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48147

‎"PROUST, (JOSEPH LOUIS).‎

‎Faits pour servir à la l'Histoire des Prussiates. (+) Suite pour servir... (+) Faits pour l'histoire du cobalt et du nickel.‎

‎Paris, Chez Bernard, 1806. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Wear to top of spine.Slightly rubbed. Stamp to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 60. 336 pp., 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Proust's papers: pp. 185-224, 225-252, 260-279.‎

‎Also with papers by Vaguelin, Parmentier, humphrey Davy (transl. into French), Riffault etc.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48190

‎"MITSCHERLICH, EILHARD. - THE LAW OF ISOMORPHISM ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Sur la Relation qui existe entre la forme cristalline et les proportions chimiques. IIe Memoire sur les Arséniates et les Phsophates. (Traduit, par l'Auteur lui-même, des Mèmoires de l'Academie royale des Sciences de Stockholm, pour l'an 1821, tome I.).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Volume 19, Cahier 4. Titlepage to vol. 19. Pp. 337-442 a. 2 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Mitscherlich's paper: pp. 350-419. 2 large folded engraved plates (crystalforms). A few minor brownspots.‎

‎First French edition - in the authors own form and translation - of Mitcherlich's announcment of his discovery of Isomorphism, stating that similar crystalline form reflect analogous chemical formulae, which Berzelius used in fixing the formulas of compounds. Mitcherlich was at this time an assistent to Berzelius, and the first printing of this classical paper appeared the same year in Akad. Handl., Stockholm. The paper was soon afterward printed in French (the paper offered) and English, and Berzelius discussed it in his ""Jahresbericht"", so that the work quickly became known. - Leicester & Klickstein pp. 306-08.""The statement of the law of isomorphism...marks Mitscherlich's most importent contribution to chemistry - indeed, Berzelius considered Mitscherlich's discovery to be the most significant since that of chemical proportions. Berzelius himself found Mitscherlich's work to be of great use"" he was at that time concerned with the determination of the atomic weights of the elements amd the law of isomorphism provided him with a valuable tool....Berzeluius' task was simplified by the application of Mitscherlich's law...""(DSB IX, p. 424).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48230

‎"LUNIN, N.‎

‎Ueber die Bedeutung der anorganischen Salze für die Ernährung des Thiers. [In Hoppe-Seyler Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie, V. Band, 1. Heft, 1881]. - [THE STARTING-POINT OF MODERN RESEARCH ON VITAMINS]‎

‎Strassburg, Trübner, 1881. 8vo. Entire volume (V. Band), bound in a nice contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Stamps to title-page and old crossed-out numberings. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. (31) - 56. [Entire volume: (4), 436 pp. + 2 plates).‎

‎Scarce first edition of this milestone paper on vitamin research, which constitutes ""the starting-point of modern research on vitamins"" (G&M), being the first documentation of the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins. In spite of its groundbreaking character, Lunin's discovery passed almost unnoticed and his foundational conclusions did not convey further investigation until years later. ""In 1880 Lunin showed that a synthetic milk diet inhibited the growth of animals. Little attention was paid to this discovery."" (PMM 404). It was not until Hopkin's 1912 milestone paper (""Feeding Experiments..."") that the scientific explanation of Lunin's observations was produced.""It is now generally agreed that the first clear evidence, based upon experiment, for the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins came from the school of Bunge at Basel. In 1881 Lunin, one of the workers in that school, fed mice upon an artificial mixture of the separate constituents of milk: of all the constituents, that is, which were then known, namely the proteins, fats carbohydrates, and salts. He found that upon such a mixture the animals failed to survive and was led to conclude that ""a natural food such as milk must therefore contain besides these known principal ingredients small quantities of unknown substances essential to life"". Such a statement, already half a century old, when allowed to stand out clear and apart from a context which tended to bury it, seems to contain the essentials of what is believed today."" (Hopkins, p. 213). ""Working in Bunge's laboratory, Lunin prepared synthetic milk diets and showed that they lacked an unknown factor necessary for animal growth, and that animals cannot live on a chemically pure (i.e. vitamin-free) diet. This was the starting-point of modern research on vitamins."" (Garrison & Morton). Garrison & Morton: 1042.See:Sir F.G. Hopkins: The Earlier History of Vitamin Research. In: Nobel Lectures. Physiology or Medicine. 1922-1941. Nobel Foundation, 1999.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48584

‎"AMPÈRE, ANDRÉ-MARIE‎

‎Mémoire sur une nouvelle Expérience électrodynamique, sur son application à la formule qui représente l'action mutuelle de deux élemend de conducteurs voltaïques, et sur de nouvelles conséquences déduites de cette formule (+) Lettre de M. Ampère à M.... - [""ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY""]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1825. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 29. Entire volume offered. Very light occassional foxing, otherwise a fine and clean copy with no institutional stamps. Pp. 381-404"" 373-381. [Entire volume: 448 pp. + folded plate].‎

‎First appearance of this famous memoir, in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy, creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell, ""We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect, what, indeed, he tells us himself, that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us, and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it."" The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous ""Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience"", which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates, together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820, 1822, 1823, the offered memoir (1825). (Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62). ""From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science, but on September 11, 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work, he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight, parallel, and current-carrying, wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current..... During the following years he continued his researches, both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY (The paper offered)."" (Citizen's Compendium, p. 2). - Norman No 47. The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler, Fresnel, Marcet, Berzelius, Felix Savart, De la Rive, Braconnet, Boussingault, Magnus, Poncelet, Vaugelin, Poisson, Gay-Lussac, Faraday, Laplace etc.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59780

‎"LAURENT, AUGUSTE‎

‎Sur la Chlorophéniise et les Acides Chlorophénisique et Chlorophénèsique. (+) Sur l'Acide Camphorique. (+) Essai sur l'Action du Chlore sur la Liqueur des Hollandais et sur quelques Ethers. - [FIRST CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THE ""SUBSTITUTION THEORY""]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 63. Entire volume offered. Some scattered brownspots, other fine with no institutional stamps. Laurent's papers: pp. 27-45, pp. 207-219 a. pp. 377-389. [Entire volume: 448 pp].‎

‎First apperance of 2 milestone papers in organic chemistry, in which Laurent ""converted Dumas' theory into a real theory theory of substitution by making the importent addition that when a compound undergoes chlorination, the chlorine takes the place , and, as it were, plays the part of the hydrogen, which is removed.""(Findley). In these papers Laurent published his table of chloridised compounds, many being then unknown. His table is THE FIRST ATTEMPT AT A CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS based on the generating hydrocarbonates. (Partington IV, p. 382-83). His system of classification had a profound influence on the development of organic chemistry. ""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB). The volume contains other notable papers: Gay-Lussac (5 papers), Boussingault, Pelouze, Justus Liebig etc. etc.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59782

‎"LAURENT, M. A.‎

‎Sur l'Hydrobenzamide.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with gilt lettering spine and five raised bands. The original wrappers withbound in the back. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", tome 62. Entire volume offered. Paper label pasted on to top of spine. Three stamps to verso of title-page. A few light occassional brownspots, otherwise a fine copy. 23-31. [Entire volume: 448 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Laurent's paper in which he presents his discovery of the compound Hydrobenzamid.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59784

‎"PELLETIER, PIERRE et JOSEPH CAVENTOU.‎

‎Note sur un nouvel Alcali (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 10 août 1818. - [THE DISCOVERY OF STRYCHNINE]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1818. 8vo. In contemporary half calf. Wear to extremities and paperlabel pasted on to top to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 8 (Cahier 3). Entire volume offered. Stamps to verso of title-page and verso of plates. (Pelletier & Caventou's paper): pp. 323-324. (Entire issue:) 448 pp. + 1 plate.‎

‎First printing of this classic paper in chemistry in which the authors announced their discovery of Strychnine. This was the first alkali of vegetable origin to be discovered after morphine. This discovery (and their discovery of chlorophyll) brought them international fame. ""Strychnine was only the second alkaloid to be extracted, the first was morphine. Pelletier and Caventou wanted to name their new alkaloid vauqueline after Nicolas Vauquelin, one of their associates who had refined the technique of ether extraction for use in isolating alkaloids. However, the officers of the Académe des Sciences in Paris rejected the idea on the grounds that a respected scientist’s name should not be paired with a deadly poison. In addition to strychnine the pair isolated other important compounds from plants including caffeine, chlorophyll and the anti-malaria drug quinine. (Paul L. Burnham). Parkinson:""Breakthroughs"", 1818 C. - Garrison & Morton: 1846. The first issue also contains their importent memoir ""Examen chimique de la Cochenillee et de sa matière colorante"", pp. 250-287 which describes how they obtained crotonic acid from croton oil and analyzed carmine in the cochineal.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59820

‎"GRATY, ALFRED MARBAIS DU.‎

‎De la Fabrication de la Poudre de Guerre dans la plupart des Pays de L'Europe, suivi d'un apercu sur la Confection des Capsules Fulminantes.‎

‎Bruxelles, Bols-Wittouck, 1849. 8vo. In a very nice full cloth gift-binding. With following dedication to the Danish King in gilt lettering to front board: ""A / Sa Majesté / Le Roi de Danemark"". With five raised bands with gilt ornamentation to compartments. Gilt frame to front and back board. Light wear to extremities and small paper-label pasted on to lower part of spine, Stamp to verso of front board and title-page, otherwise fine and clean. 125 pp. + folded plate.‎

‎Rare first edition, here in a gift-binding to the Danish King, of Graty's work on gunpowder production in various European countries. Catalogue de la bibliothèque du Ministère de la guerre, Volume 1, No. 2564Bibliographie nationale. Dictoinaire des Écrivains Belges, p. 594.Bibliotheca Belgica p. 59.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59825

‎"DAVISSON, C. [CLINTON] & L. H. GERMER [LESTER].‎

‎The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel. - [ELECTRON DIFFRACTION - NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1937.]‎

‎London, Macmillian and Co, 1927. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with whilte title paper-label to spine. In ""Nature"", vol. 119, 1927, entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and title-pages of each issue.Light wear to extremieies, otherwise fine. Pp. 558-560. [Entire volume: LIX, (1), 948, 100].‎

‎First edition of this seminal and highly influential paper on electron diffraction. Today the paper is regarded as one of the most important in the entire journal of Nature, and it led directly to Davisson receiving the Nobel Prize in physics in 1937. It advanced understanding of physics at the quantum level and led to inventions such as the electron microscope. Davisson and Germer's confirmation of the de Broglie hypothesis if today known as the Davisson-Germer experiment.""Davisson's investigations on the scattering of electrons entered a new phase when, in April 1925, his taget was heavily oxidized by an accidental explosion of a liquid-air bottle. He cleaned the target by prolonged heating and then found the distribution-inangle of the secondary electrons completely changed, new showing a strong dependence on crystal direction. Prior to the accident the target had consisted of many tiny crystals, but heating converted it to several large crystals. Davisson and L. H. Germer, who had replaced Kunsman before the accident, at once began bombarding targets of single crystals. [...] When Davisson returned from England, he and Germer began a systematic research for some sort of interference phenomenon, and in January 1927 they observed electron beams resulting from diffraction by a single crystal of nickle. The results were in good agreement with de Broglie's prediction. For his confirmation of electron waves Davisson shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1937 with G. P. Thomson."" (DSB, III, 597b-598a).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59913

‎"BUCH, LEOPOLD von. (+) POISSON, (SIMÉON-DENIS).‎

‎Lettre de M. Léopold de Buch à M. A. de Humboldt, renfermant de Tableau géologique de la Partie Mériodinale du Tyrol. (+) Sur la Chaleur des Gaz et des vapeurs. - [THE MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT - POISSON'S ISENTROPE.]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1823. 8vo. In a bit later half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 23. Entire volume offered. No institutional stamps. (Buch's paper: pp. 276-304). (Poisson's paper:) pp. 337-352. (The entire issue:) 448 pp. + 2 plates.‎

‎First printing of this important geological survey and description of the Alphs with the first geological mapping of the area.""His (von Buch's) explorations in the southern Alps had suggested to Buch that the towering heigh of the Dolomites might be the result of upheaval, for which he thought the active agent in porphyry, including monozite. he concluded that the magnesia in which this rock is rich would also have been active in transforming the original limestone into dolomite. Buch thus came to vizualize great subterranean activities...""(DSB II, p. 555). _____________________ First appearance of Poisson's important paper on the mathematical treatment of ""specific heats"".""In ""Sur la chaleur des gaz et des vapeurs,"" published in August 1823 in Annales de chimie et de physique, Poisson developed ideas published four months before by Laplace in Book XII of Mécanique céleste. Poisson introduced all the precautions needed to render the confused notion of quantity of heat susceptible to mathematical analysis. He called quantity of heat the magnitude that characterizes the transition of a given mass of gas from an arbitrary initial state of temperature and pressure to another state. This definition makes more abstract the quantitative aspect that naturally follows from the concept of heat as a caloric fluid. Poisson could thus deal comfortably with this magnitude, since for him it is simply a function q of p, p, and ø (pressure, density, and temperature). The equation of state p= ap(1+aø) was already classic, and the growing acceptance of the notions of specific heats, at constant pressure and constant volume, allowed him to write the simple partial differential equation of which should be the integral. He also showed that independently of any additional hypothesis, and whatever the arbitray function used in the integration, the adiabatic transformations (the term did not yet exist) correspond to the formulas p · py = constant and (?+266.67)·p1y= constant, y being the ratio of the specific heats, assumed constant.""(DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60068

‎"WÖHLER, F. et J. LIEBIG‎

‎Sur la Formation de l'Huile d'Amandes amères. (+) Emploi d'un nouveau Médicament en place des Waux distillées du Laurier-Cerise ou d'Amandes amères, proposé par.. F. Woehler et J. Liebig.‎

‎Paris, Crochard et Comp., 1837. 8vo. In half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 64, Cahier 2 (Fevrier 1837). Entire issue offered. Light occassional brownspotting. No institutional stamps, otherwise fine. Wöhler a. Liebig's papers: pp. 185-209 a. pp. 209-217. [Entire issue:] 447 pp.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper in organic chemistry in which Wöhler and Liebig showed how Amygdalin could be decomposed by a vegetable emulsion, the first example of a glycoside. The papers were issued at the same time in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"".""The conclusions which you have drawn from the investigation of bitter-almond oil,"" wrote Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler, ""are certainly the most importent which have so far been reached in the domain of vegetable chemistry, and give promise of shedding an unexpected light over this part of the science...The facts which you have set forth inspire such reflections that they may be regarded as the dawn of a new day in vegetable chemistry.""(Berzelius-Wöhler Briefwechsel).""During the years that Liebig was preoccupied with the ether theory and with organic acids, he also carried out two importent investigations with Wöhler. In october 1836 Wöhler wrote that he had discovered a way to transform amygdalin to oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanid acis, by distilling it with manganese and sulfuric acid, and he invited Liebig to join in pursuing the topic. Two days later he made a more remarkable discovery. It had occurred to him that perhaps thetransformation of amygdalin could be effected by the albumin in the almonds, in a manner similar to the action of yeast in sugar...Wöhler suspected that the decomposition was an example of what Berzelius had recently defined as catalysis. Liebig and Wöhler then divided up the detailed examination of the properties and composition of amygdalin. They precipitated from the emulsion of almonds a substance which when dissolved retain its action. They named the active substance ""emulsion"". Its effectiveness in very small quantities confirmed that it acted like yeast.""(DSB VIII, p. 342).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60070

‎"HELMHOLTZ, ROBERT VON.‎

‎Untersuchungen über Dämpfe und Nebel, besonders über solche von Lösungen. - [FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE OSTWALD-FREUNDLICH EQUATION.]‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1885. 8vo. As extracted. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"" 263, no 4. Entire issue offered. Traces from old back-strip. Internlly fine and clean. [Helmholtz's paper:] Pp. 508-543. [Entire issue:] Pp. 481-680 + 3 folded plates.‎

‎First appearance of Helmholtz’s dissertation in which the German physicist derived the Ostwald–Freundlich equation and showed that Kelvin's equation could be transformed into the Ostwald–Freundlich equation. The German physical chemist Wilhelm Ostwald derived the equation apparently independently in 1900" however, his derivation contained a minor error which the German chemist Herbert Freundlich corrected in 1909. The Ostwald–Freundlich equation governs boundaries between two phases specifically, it relates the surface tension of the boundary to its curvature, the ambient temperature, and the vapor pressure or chemical potential in the two phases.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60099

‎"SMOLUCHOWSKI, MARIAN.‎

‎Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym oraz innych zjawisk pokrewnych. - [AUTHOR'S PRESENTATION INSCRIPTION]‎

‎Krakowie, Nakladem Akademii Umiejetnosci, 1908. 8vo. Unopened, uncut in the original printed wrappers. With authors inscription.‎

‎Offprint with author's presentation inscription to front wrapper of the first Polish publication of Smoluchowski's important paper on the reasons behind the blue sky and how to reproduce it. ""In 1910 Theodor Svedberg based his experiments on Smoluchowski's calculations, observing how many particles of a suspension can be seen in the field of vision of a microscope at a given time and experimentally confirming Smoluchowski's predictions to an astonishingly high degree Smoluchowski himself had previously proved the existence of fluctuations of density in a pure gas by demonstrating that they are responsible for the known but unexplained phenomenon of the opalescence of a gas at a critical state. His paper ""Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym"" (""kinetic Theory of Gas Opalescence at the Critical Stale"" 1907) shows why the critical point plays such an important role and states that the opalescence of pure gas also should be observable under normal conditions: ""Each of us has observed it innumerable times when admiring the blue of the sky or the glow of the rising sun."" Smoluchowski combined the theory of fluctuations with the results of Lord Rayleigh's researches on the blue of the sky"" his finding (Einstein also took part in the discussion) was that the blueness of the sky was caused by fluctuations in the density of the air. Smoiuchowski's laboratory production of sky blue closed the investigation to a certain extent."" (DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48709

‎"DAVY, HUMPHRY. - INTRODUCING SCIENTIFIC FARMING.‎

‎Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, in the Course of Lectures for the Board of Agriculture.‎

‎London, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1813. 4to. Contemp. full mottled calf, richly gilt spine. Engraved frontispiece. VIII,323,LXIII,(5) pp. and 9 engraved plates (1 folding). Faint offsetting from plates. A few brownspots. Upper ineer corner of the last 2 leaves with a bit of browning. Wide-margined, a fine copy.‎

‎First edition of this importent work which is considered the first text book dealing with the application of chemistry to agriculture. It is the ""first serious attempt to apply chemistry to agriculture (which) remained a standard work until displaced by Justus Liebig's publications a generation later"" (DSB).""An importent book that introduced the era of scientific farming and the use of ""chemically balanced"" fertilizers.... Davy, the first to use the term 'agricultural chemistry', was also the first to point out that agricultural chemistry is concerned with only a limited number of elements. The most complete list of elements that had yet appeared is given (pp. 39-44), including chlorine, which Davy had proven an element. Davy here recognizes the importence of soil analysis and the measurement of its physical properties. It was well received, and several English and American editions appeared, as well as translations in foreign languages."" (Roy G. Neville Historical Chemical Library Vol. I, pp. 333-334).Duveen, pp. 644-45.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48746

‎"SOBRERO, ASCAGNE. - THE DISCOVERY OF NITROGLYCERIN.‎

‎Sur plusieur composés détonants produits avec l'acide nitrique et le sucre, la dextrine, la lactine, la mannite et la glycérine.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier),1847. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XXIV, No. 7. Pp. (209-) 252. (Entire issue offered). Sobrero's paper: pp. 247-248. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Sobrero announced his discovery of nitroglycerin.""When I think of all the victims killed during nitroglycerine explosions, and the terrible havoc that has been wreaked, which in all probability will continue to occur in the future, I am almost ashamed to admit to be its discoverer."" (Sobrero)""Nitroglycerin was synthesized by the chemist Ascagne Sobrero in the middle of the nineteenth century. When he tasted it, as all good nineteenth century chemists did when they discovered a new compound, it gave him what he called a migraine, because of its vasodilatory effect, which was later harnessed in the treatment of angina by William Murrell (1879), following the experience of a distinguished British clinician, Lauder Brunton, using amyl nitrite (1867) Later in the nineteenth century, Alfred Nobel discovered how to stabilize nitroglycerin, using kieselguhr (diatomite) clay"" this led to highly successful industrial applications of dynamite and created the fortune that eventually funded the eponymous prizes. For medical purposes nitroglycerin was subsequently renamed glyceryl trinitrate, to hide the fact that it was literally dynamite as well as metaphorically.""‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48815