‎Matemáticas‎

‎"MICHEL, PAUL-HENRI.‎

‎De Pythagore a Euclide. Contribution à l'histoire des Mathématiques préeuclidiennes.‎

‎Paris, Société D'Édition ""Les Belles Lettres"", 1950. Royal8vo. Uncut and unopened in orig. printed wrappers. Stamp to foot of titlepage. 699 pp., textfigs. Fine and clean.‎

Referencia librero : 47934

‎"MINKOWSKI, H. (HERMANN). - THE UNIFICATION OF SPACE AND TIME (PMM 401).‎

‎Raum und Zeit. (Space and Time). Vortrag von der 80. Naturforscherversammlung zu Köln.‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, (1909). 4to. Bound with orig. printed wrappers in fine later hmorocco. (Bound by Anker Kyster Eftf. 1968). Titlelabel in leather with gilt lettering on frontcover. Offprint (Sonderabdruck) from ""Physikalische Zeitschrift"", 10. Jahrgang. No. 3. Seite 104-111, here paginated as offprint pp. 1-8 and with textfigs. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition - in the scarce offprint-issue - of this milestone paper where Minkowski was the first to conceive that the relativity principle formulated by Lorentz and Einstein led to the abandonment of the concept of space and time as separate entities and to their replacement by a fourdimensional ""space-time"", THE SPACE-TIME CONTINUUM. In the opening passage Minkowski declared: ""Henceforth, space by itself, and time by itself, are doomed to fadeaway in the shadows, and only a kind of union of the two will preserve an independent reality.""The work was simultaneously published in ""Jahresberichte der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung"". Leipzig 1909, in ""Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte"". Leipzig, 1909 (a shorter version) and as here.The paper was read 20th of September 1908 at a Conference in Cologne only a few months before his death. Here ""he introduced the notion that made possible the expansion of the Relativity Theory of Einstein from its specific to its general form. The technical description of Minkowski's hypothesis is the four-dimensional Space-time continuum.... Minkowski's space-time hypothesis was in effect a restatement of Einstein's basic principle in a form that greatly enchanced its plausability and also introduced importent new developments. Hitherto natural phenomena had been thought to occur in a space of three dimensions and to flow uniformly through time. Minkowski maintained that the separation of space and time is a false conception"" thet time is itself a dimension, comparable to lenght, breadth and height: and that therefore the true conception of reality was constituted by a space-time continuum possessing these four dimensions. This strongly reinforced Einstein's objections to absolute concepts and supported his view of the relativity of events in nature."" (PMM No. 401).‎

Referencia librero : 52692

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN.‎

‎Ueber die Annährung an eine reelle Grösse durch rationale Zahlen.‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1901. 8vo. No wrappers. In: ""Mathematische Annalen. Begründet durch Rudolf Friedrich Alfred Clebsch. 54. Band. 1. Heft."" Entire issue offered with titlepage to vol. 54. IV,124 pp. Minkowski's paper: pp. 91-124.‎

‎First printing of one of Minkowski's importent papers on the geometrical theory of numbers.""Minkowski was always interested in mathematical physics but did not work in that field until the last years of his life, when he participated in the movement of ideas that led to the theory of relativity. He was the first to conceive that the relativity principle formulated by Lorentz and Einstein led to the abandonment of the concept of space and time as separate entities and to their replacement by a fourdimensional “space-time,” of which he gave a precise definition and initiated the mathematical study"" it became the frame of all later developments of the theory and led Einstein to his bolder conception of generalized relativity.""(DSB).Also with PAUL STÄCKEL ""Friedrich Ludwig Wachter, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der nichteuklidischen Geometrie"", pp. 40-90.‎

Referencia librero : 47458

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN.‎

‎Untersuchungen über Quadratische Formen. I. Bestimmung der Anzahl verschiedener Formern, welche in gegebenes Genus Enthalt (all issued). - [MINKOWSKI'S INAUGURAL- DISSERTATION]‎

‎Berlin, Uppsala u.Stockholm, Paris, 1885). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Acta Mathematica. Hrsg. von G. Mittag-Leffler"", vol. 7, pp.201-258.‎

‎First edition of Minkowski's Inaugural-Dissertation in the periodical form.""Minkowski received his doctorate in 1885 at Königsberg" he taught at Bonn undtil 1894, then returned to Königsberg for two years. In 1896 he went to Zürich.where he was Hurwitz' collegue until 1902" Hilbert then obtained the creation of a new professorship for him at Göttingen, where Minkowski taught until his death. From his Grand Prix paper (1883) to hisd last work Minkowski never ceased to return to the arithmetic of quadratic forms in n ariables (""n-ary Forms""), Ever since Gauss' pioneering work on binary quadratic forms at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the generalization of his results to n-ary had been the goal of many mathematicians, including, Eisenstein, Hermite, Smith, Jordan, and Poincaré.""(DSB). - An error in this paper was found and corrected by C.L. Siegel in 1935.‎

Referencia librero : 39165

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN. - DOCTORIAL THESIS‎

‎Untersuchungen über quadratische Formen. I. Bestimmung der Anzahl verschiedener Formen, welche ein gegebenes Genus enthält.‎

‎(Stockholm, F.& G. Beier), 1885. 4to. Orig. printed wrappers (to Acta Math. 7:3). Extracted from ""Acta Mathematica"", Vol. 7. Pp. . Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Minkowski's doctorial dissertation, which he received from Königsberg.""From his Grand Prix paper (on five squares integers) to his last work Minkowski never ceased to return to the arithmetic of quadratic forms in n variables (""n-ary forms""). Ever since Gauss' pioneering work on binary quadratic forms at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the generalization of his results to n-ary forms had been the goal of many mathematicians including Eisenstein, Hermite, Smith, Jordan, and Poincaré. Minkowski' most importent contributions to the theory were for quadratic forms with rational coefficients, through a system of three invariants of the form and (in a later paper) a paper from 1905.""(DSB).‎

Referencia librero : 41898

‎"MICHEL, PAUL-HENRI.‎

‎De Pythagore a Euclide. Contribution à l'histoire des Mathématiques préeuclidiennes.‎

‎Paris, Société D'Édition ""Les Belles Lettres"", 1950. Royal8vo. Uncut and unopened in orig. printed wrappers. Stamp to foot of titlepage. 699 pp., textfigs. Fine and clean.‎

‎"MINDING. [ERNST FERDINAND ADOLF].‎

‎Ueber die Biegung gewisser Flächen.‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1838. 4to. In ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 18. Band, 4 Heft, 1838"". In the original printed wrappers, without backstrip. Fine and clean. [Minding:] Pp. 297-302. [Entire issue: Pp. 281-376, (2) + 1 folded plate.].‎

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN.‎

‎Ueber die Annährung an eine reelle Grösse durch rationale Zahlen.‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1901. 8vo. No wrappers. In: ""Mathematische Annalen. Begründet durch Rudolf Friedrich Alfred Clebsch. 54. Band. 1. Heft."" Entire issue offered with titlepage to vol. 54. IV,124 pp. Minkowski's paper: pp. 91-124.‎

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN.‎

‎Untersuchungen über Quadratische Formen. I. Bestimmung der Anzahl verschiedener Formen, welche ein gegebenes Genus enthält.‎

‎(Berlin, Stockholm, Paris, Almqvist & Wiksell, 1885. 4to. Without wrappers, but stitched, as extracted from""Acta Mathematica. Hrsg. von G. Mittag-Leffler"", Vol.7, pp. 201-258.‎

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN. - THE MINKOWSKI PROBLEM.‎

‎Volumen und Oberfläche.‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1903. Orig. printed wrappers. No backstrip. In: ""Mathematische Annalen begründet durch Georg Clebsch und Carl Neumann"", 57. Bd., 4. Heft. The whole issue offered (=4.heft). Pp. 425-572. Minkowski's paper: pp. 447-495.‎

‎"MOIVRE, A. de.‎

‎Abhandlung über Leibrenten. Nach der dritten Auflage von 1756 ins deutsche übertragen und mit Anmerkungen versehen von Emanuel Czuber.‎

‎Wien, Franz Deuticke, 1906. Cont. hcloth. VIII,88 pp. Small stamp on title. (Sonderheft der ""Versicherungswissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen"").‎

‎First German edition of Moivre's famous work ""Evaluation of Annuities on Lives"" (first published 1723), but this translation is from the most elaborate version of ""Annuities"" which appeared together with the third edition of the authors ""The Doctine of Changes"" from 1756. The work is considered as the foundation of life-insurance mathematics.‎

Referencia librero : 30704

‎"MONGE, (GASPARD). - THE GENERAL REPRESENTATION OF DEVELOPABLE SURFACES.‎

‎Mémoire sur les Fonctions Arbitraires continues ou discontinues, qui entrent dans les Intégrales des Équations aux Différences finies. (1774) (+) Mémoire sur les Propriétés de plusieur Genres de Surfaces Courbes, particulièrement sur celles des Surfac...‎

‎(Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1780). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome IX. Pp. 345-381 a. 2 folded engraved plates. And pp. 382-440 a. 3 folded engraved plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of two importent papers by Monge in differential functions and infinitesimal geometry, - in the first he discussed the nature of the arbitrary functions involved in the integrals of, finite difference equations. He also considered the, equation of vibrating strings, a topic he later investigated more fully. In the second memoir Monge returned to infinitesimal geometry. Working on the theory of developable surfaces outlined by Euler in 1772, he applied it to the problem, of shadows and penumbrae and treated several, problems concerning ruled surfaces. ""It is in this paper that he gives a general representation of developable surfaces...""(Morris Kline ""Mathematical Thoughts from Ancient to Modern Times"", p. 567).‎

Referencia librero : 44972

‎"MONGE, (GASPARD). - FOUNDING DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY.‎

‎Mémoire sur les Développées, les Rayons de Courbure, et les Différens Genres D'Inflexions des Courbes a double Courbure‎

‎(Paris, Moutard, 1785). 4to. Extracted from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome X. Pp. 511-550 a. 2 folded engraved plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎"MONGE, (GASPARD). - THE GENERAL REPRESENTATION OF DEVELOPABLE SURFACES.‎

‎Mémoire sur les Fonctions Arbitraires continues ou discontinues, qui entrent dans les Intégrales des Équations aux Différences finies. (1774) (+) Mémoire sur les Propriétés de plusieur Genres de Surfaces Courbes, particulièrement sur celles des Surfac...‎

‎(Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1780). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome IX. Pp. 345-381 a. 2 folded engraved plates. And pp. 382-440 a. 3 folded engraved plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎"MOORE, ELIAKIM HASTINGS.‎

‎Concerning Transcendentally Transcendental Functions.‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1896. 8vo. In ""Mathematische Annalen, 48. Band, 1-2 Heft, 1896"". In the original printed wrappers, without backstrips. Wrappers with a few nicks and some brownspotting to front wrapper and title page. Library stamp to verso of title page. [Moore:] Pp. 49-74. [Entire issue: IV, 240 pp. + 1 folded plate].‎

‎"MÖBIUS, AUGUST FERDINAND‎

‎Kurze Darstellung der Haupt-Eigenschaften eines Systems von Linsengläsern.‎

‎(Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1830) 4to. As extracted, without backstip. In """"Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik"", 5 band. Fine and clean. Pp. 113-32.‎

‎First printing. In the 1820s, yet another pupil of Gauss, August Ferdinand Mobius (1790-1868), also developed an interest in geometrical optics, but the papers that he devoted to the subject were also very much part of the eighteenth-century tradition of dioptrics and catoptrics. Taking the basics of this kind of optics for granted, he concentrated on the simplification of the calculations involved [The present paper]. (Atzema ""ALL PHENOMENA OF LIGHT THAT DEPEND ON MATHEMATICS"").‎

Referencia librero : 47448

‎"MÖBIUS, AUGUST FERDINAND.‎

‎Über den Mittelpunct nicht paralleler Kräfte.‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1837. 4to. In the original printed wrappers, without back strip. In ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik"", 16. band, Heft 1, 1837. Entire first heft offered. Fine and clean. Pp. 1-10. [Entire volume: 96 pp + 1 folded plate].‎

‎First printing of Möbius paper on the center of non-parallel forces. ""... he introduced (for the first time, he thought) the use of vectorial addition and subtraction to represent velocities and forces and effectively showed the computational usefulness of that very ancient mathematical device, the epicycle."" (DSB).‎

Referencia librero : 47532

‎"MÖBIUS, AUGUST FERDINAND‎

‎Kurze Darstellung der Haupt-Eigenschaften eines Systems von Linsengläsern.‎

‎(Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1830) 4to. As extracted, without backstip. In """"Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik"", 5 band. Fine and clean. Pp. 113-32.‎

‎"NEUMANN, JOHN von.‎

‎Einige Bemerkungen zur Diracschen Theorie des relativistischen Drehelektrons.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" Vol. 48. VIII,891 pp. (Entire volume offered). Neumann's paper: pp. 868-881. A stamp to titlepage. Clean.‎

‎First printing of a famous paper in which Neumann extends the relativistic wave equation of the electron set forth by Dirac earlier the same year and Neumann here gives the five fundamental covariants of the Dirac theory.""Von Neumann’s most famous work in theoretical physics is his axiomatization of quantum mechanics. When he began work in that field in 1927, the methods used by its founders were hard to formulate in precise mathematical terms"" ""operator"" on ""functions"" were handled without much consideration of their domain or definition to their topological properties: and it was blithely assumed that such ""operators,"" when self-adjoint, could always be ""diagonalized"" (as in th finite dimensional case), at the expense of introducing ""Dirac functions"" as ""eigenvectors."" Von Neumann showed that mathematical rigor could be restored by taking as basic axioms the assumptions that the states of a physical system were poinds of a Hilbert space and that the measurable quantities were Hermitian (generally unbounded) operators densely efined in that space.""(DSB).‎

Referencia librero : 48882

‎"NEUMANN, CARL.‎

‎Ueber gewisse Eigenschaften der Differentialgleichungen der Dynamik.‎

‎Leipzig, B. G. Teubner, 1869. 8vo. Original printed wrappers, no backstrip. In ""Mathematische Annalen. Herausgegeben von A. Clebsch und C. Neumann. 11. Band. 1. Heft."" Entire issue offered. Minor loss to wrappers, internally fine and clean. [Neumann:] Pp. 182-186. [Entire issue: IV, 191, (1) pp.].‎

‎First printing of Neumann's paper on the properties of differential equations of dynamics. ""Neumann, who led a quiet life, was a successful university teacher and a productive researcher. More than two generations of future Gymnasium teachers received their basic mathematical education from him. As a researcher he was especially prominent in the field of potential theory. His investigations into boundary value problems resulted in pioneering achievements"" in 1870 he began to develop the method of the arithmetical mean for their solution. He also coined the term ""logarithmic potential."" The second boundary value problem of potential theory still bears his name"" a generalization of it was later provided by H. Poincaré."" (DSB)‎

Referencia librero : 44776

‎"NEUMANN, CARL.‎

‎Ueber gewisse Eigenschaften der Differentialgleichungen der Dynamik.‎

‎Leipzig, B. G. Teubner, 1869. 8vo. Original printed wrappers, no backstrip. In ""Mathematische Annalen. Herausgegeben von A. Clebsch und C. Neumann. 11. Band. 1. Heft."" Entire issue offered. Minor loss to wrappers, internally fine and clean. [Neumann:] Pp. 182-186. [Entire issue: IV, 191, (1) pp.].‎

‎"NEUMANN, JOHN von.‎

‎Einige Bemerkungen zur Diracschen Theorie des relativistischen Drehelektrons.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" Vol. 48. VIII,891 pp. (Entire volume offered). Neumann's paper: pp. 868-881. A stamp to titlepage. Clean.‎

‎"NEWTON, ISAAC.‎

‎La Methode des Fluxions, et des Suites Infinies Par le Chevalier Newton. (Translated by G. Louis Le Clerc, ount de Buffon). - [THE CALCULUS - THE INFINITESIMAL METHOD]‎

‎Paris, De Bure, 1740. 4to. Contemporary half calf, raised bands, richly gilt spine and and red speckled edges. Leather title-label to spine. Corners neatly repaired. Title in red/black. (2), III-XXX, (2) Errata, 148 pp., many diagrams. The ""Preface"" and the first 18 leaves of the text with a foxing to lower margin and right corners. The ""Preface"" is an historical account of Newton's method ""la sublime méthode"", written by Buffon. Without the leaf ""Extrait des Registres"".‎

‎"OETTINGER, L.‎

‎Von der Werthe der Erwartung, welcher mit dem Eintreffen eines künftigen, günstigen oder ungünstigen Ereignisse verbunden ist. Eine Abhandlung aus der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung.‎

‎(München, 1837). 4to. Later blank wrappers. From ""Mathm.-phys. Abhandl. d. Akad. d. Wissensch. München"" pp. 246-270 and titlepage.‎

Referencia librero : 29039

‎"OETTINGER, L.‎

‎Von der Werthe der Erwartung, welcher mit dem Eintreffen eines künftigen, günstigen oder ungünstigen Ereignisse verbunden ist. Eine Abhandlung aus der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung.‎

‎(München, 1837). 4to. Later blank wrappers. From ""Mathm.-phys. Abhandl. d. Akad. d. Wissensch. München"" pp. 246-270 and titlepage.‎