‎Physique‎

‎"CONDON, EDWARD UHLER. - EXPLAINING THE COVALENT BOND.‎

‎Wave Mechanics and the Normal State of the Hydrogen Molecule.‎

‎Easton, PA., Mack printing Compagny, 1927. Royal8vo. Contemp. full cloth. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. In: ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"", Vol. 13. IX,865 pp. (Entire volume offered). Condon's paper: pp. 466-470.‎

‎First printing of pioneering paper uniting chemistry with Quantum mechanics. Condon explains the chemical bond by means of the new wave mechanics. A wave function is formulated that involves the introduction of a pair of electrons (the hydrogen molecule) in an electron orbital that extends about two ore more atomic nuclei. Together with a paper by Heitler and London from the same year, this paper marks the beginning of a new era in chemistry as it explains the chemical bond in terms of the new physics.Henry M. Leicester ""Source Book in Chemistry 1900-1950"", pp. 151-156.The volume contains also Condon's paper. ""Coupling of electronic and nuclear Motions in Diatomic Molecules"", pp. 462-466.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48883

‎"COOLIDGE, WILLIAM.‎

‎A Powerful Röntgen Ray Tube with a Pure Electron Discharge. - [""THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT EVENT IN THE PROGRESS OF RADIOLOGY""]‎

‎Lancaster, PA and Ithaca, NY, The American Physical Society, 1913. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. In: ""The Physical Review, Vol II, Second Series, No. 6"". With new paper back-strip and white paper label (""Alle Zeit Wach 1842"") pasted on to upper outer corner of front wrappers. Light wear to extremities, internally fine and clean. Pp. 409-430. [Entire volume: Pp. 409-536].‎

‎First appearance of Coolidge seminal paper in which he laid the foundation for all modern the basis for all modern X-ray tubes. The Coolidge tube, which also utilized a tungsten filament, was a major development in the then-nascent medical specialty of radiology and is widely regarded as being the single most important event in the progress of radiology. “While many clever designs were implemented to compensate for the technical limitations of early X-ray tubes, the true milestone--what some experts call ‘the single most important event in the progress of radiology’--did not occur until nearly 20 years later [after Röntgen’s discovery of the X-ray]. In 1913, William Coolidge, working in the General Electric Research Laboratory, developed the first so-called ‘hot’ X-ray tube, subsequently called the Coolidge tube. Based on his earlier research, Coolidge had figured out how to make the cathode out of the metal tungsten, which has the highest melting point of all metals. With a cathode made primarily of tungsten, cathode rays could be generated by running an electric current through the cathode and heating it" the more the cathode was heated, the more cathode rays it emitted. Thus, with cathode rays generated by heat rather than gas molecule collisions, the Coolidge tube could operate in a perfect vacuum. “By the mid-1920s, the Coolidge tube had essentially replaced the old gas-filled tubes. In addition, Coolidge later designed other innovations so that higher voltages could be used to produce higher frequency X-rays. This led to the development of so-called ‘deep therapy,’ in which X-rays are used to treat deeper tissues without excessively damaging outer layers of skin. Thanks to Coolidge’s milestone redesign of the X-ray tube, the use of X-rays in medicine--for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications--expanded widely throughout the world from the 1920s ad onward. Today, Coolidge’s ‘hot’ tube design is still the basis for all modern X-ray tubes” (Jon Queijo, Breakthrough! How the 10 Greatest Discoveries in Medicine Saved Millions and Changed Our View of the World).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 59849

‎"COULOMB, (CHARLES AUGUSTIN) - THE PRIZE-WINNING MÉMOIR CREATING THE SCIENCE OF FRICTION.‎

‎Théorie des Machines Simples, en ayant égard au Frottement de leurs Parties, et a la Roideur des Cordages. piece qui a remporté le Prix double de l'Academie des Sciences pour l'année 1781.‎

‎Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1785. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome X. Withtitlepage to vol. X. Pp. 131-332 and 5 folded engraved plates. The memoir has also its own titlepage. Fine and clean. Wide-margined.‎

‎First edition of this monumentalwork by which Coulomb CREATED THE SCIENCE OF FRICTION.""1781 saw him win the Academy prize for his mémoir ""Théorie des Machines Simples,"" in which the results of his experiments on the friction of different bodies slipping on one another (dry, or coated with greasy substances) were presented.""(Timoshenko p. 48).""Coulomb’s most celebrated study, one that brought him immediate acclaim, was ""Théorie des machines simples,"" his prize-winning friction study of 1781. He investigated both static and dynamic friction of sliding surfaces and friction in bending of cords and in rolling. From examination of many physical parameters, he developed a series of two-term equations, the first term a constant and the second term varying with time, normal force, velocity, or other parameters. In agreement with Amontons’s work of 1699, Coulomb showed that in general there is an approximately linear relationship between friction and normal force"" but he extended the investigation considerably to show complex effects due to difference in load, materials, time of repose, lubrication, velocity, and other considerations. Coulomb’s work in friction remained a standard of theory and experiment for a century and a half, until the advent of molecular studies of friction in the twentieth century. To quote Kragelsky and Schedrov’s recent monograph (p. 52) on the history of friction: ""Coulomb’s contributions to the science of friction were exceptionally great. Without exaggeration, one can say that he created this science.""(DSB).Poggendorff I:487.,‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44907

‎"COULOMB, (CHARLES AUGUSTIN) - THE PRIZE-WINNING PAPER ON MAGNETIC COMPASSES INTRODUCING THE TORSION BALANCE‎

‎Recherches sur la meilleure Manière de fabriquer les Aiguilles Aimantées, de les suspendre, de s'assurer quelles sont dans le véritable Méridian magnétique: enfin de rendre raison de leurs Variations diurnes régulières: Pièce qui a partae le Prix p... - [THE PRIZE-WINNING PAPER ON MAGNETIC COMPASSES INTRODUCING THE TORSION BALANCE]‎

‎Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1780. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome IX. With titlepage to vol. IX. Pp. (2), (167-) 264 and 4 folded engraved plates. The memoir has also its own titlepage. Fine and clean. Wide-margined.‎

‎First printing of this monumental memoir (the invention of the TORSION BALANCE) dealing with the best way to construct a magnetic compass. The paper contains the design of a torsion suspension declination compass and the demonstration that the forces of torsion is proportional to the angle of twist. Coulomb received the prize awarded by the Academy for this paper drafted by the Academy in 1777 (he shared the prize with Van Swinden). - ""The importance of this memoir for Coulomb's career is that it CONTAINED ELEMENTS OF ALL HIS MAJOR PHYSICAL STUDIES: the quantitative study of magnetism, torsion and the torsion balance, friction and fluid resistance, and the germ of his theories of elasticity and magnetism.""(DSB).""Coulomb’s first writings on torsion were presented in his Academy prize-winning memoir of 1777, ""Recherches sur la meilleure maniere de fabriquer les aiguilles aimantées.""......... his simple, elegant solution to the problem of torsion in cylinders and his use of the torsion balance in physical applications were important to numerous physicists in succeeding years. In chapter 3, Coulomb developed the theory of torsion in thin silk and hair threads. Here he was the first to show how the torsion suspension could provide physicists with a method of accurately measuring extremely small forces. He showed that within certain angular limits, torsional oscillation consisted of simple harmonic motion. He examined the parameters relating the angle of twist to the length, diameter, and elastic properties of the torsion thread. In the range of simple harmonic oscillation Coulomb demonstrated that the force of torsion was proportional to the angle of twist. He used this principle in measuring small magnetic forces and also called attention to its use in measuring other forces, notably those of fluids in motion. Eventually he was able to measure forces of less than 9 x 10-4 dynes.""""Coulomb’s major memoirs in electricity and magnetism are his 1777 memoir on magnetic compasses, the famous series of seven electricity and magnetism memoirs read at the Academy from 1785 to 1791, and several magnetism memoirs prepared after the French Revolution. In his electrical studies Coulomb determined the quantitative force law, gave the notion of electrical mass, and studied charge leakage and the surface distribution of charge on conducting bodies. In magnetism he determined the quantitative force law, created a theory of magnetism based on molecular polarization, and introduced the idea of demagnetization (basically, that combinations of magnetic poles can ""cancel"" each other).""(DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"": 1777:P‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44921

‎"COULOMB, (CHARLES).‎

‎Nouvelle Méthode de déterminer L'Inclinaison d'une Aiguille Aimantée. Lu le 26 fructidor an 7 (1799).‎

‎(Paris, Baudouin, AN XI (1803)). 4to. Without wrappers. Uncut. Extracted from ""Mémoires de L'Institut National des Sciences et Arts"", Tome Quatrieme. Pp. 565-584. A few faint brownspots to the first leaves. Fine and clean.‎

‎"CRISSON, GEORGE.‎

‎The Limitation of the Gain of Two-Way Telephone Repeaters by Impendance Irregularities.‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1925. 8vo. Volume IV, January, No. 1, 1925 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". Original printed blue front wrapper, back wrapper missing, spine worn. Tight and internally fine and clean. Pp. 15-25. [Entire issue: Pp. 529-185].‎

‎First publication of the paper in which Crisson proves that irregularities in telephone lines have a very important effect.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43344

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM - SEPARATING URANIUM AND CREATING URANIUM X.‎

‎""Radio-activity of Uranium.""‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1900). Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"", Vol. 66. Pp. 409-422 a. 1 photographic plate.‎

‎First printing of an importent paper which pawed the way to the understanding of radioactivity. Crookes showed by using photographic plates as indicators of activity that if uranium was purified, it could be separated chemically into a nonactive portion and a radioactive portion that he called uranium X. ""In May 1900 Sir W.Crookes showed (the paper offered) that it was possible by chemical means to separate from uranium a small fraction, which he called uranium X, which possessed the whole of the photographic activity of the original substance. He found, moreover, that the activity of the uranium X gradually decayed, while the full activity of the residual uranium was gradually renewed, so that after a sufficient lapse of time it was possible to separate from it a freh supply of uranium X. These facts had an importent share in the formation of the theory (of radioactivity)."" (Whittaker ""A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity"" Vol. II, p. 5.).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47429

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎On Attraction and Repulsion resulting from Radiation. Received August 12, - Read December 11, 1873. This paper was read before the Royal Society, and the abstract was published in the ""Proceedings"" under the title ""On the Action of Heat on Gravitating...‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1874-76). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1874, Vol. 164 - Part II. Pp. 501-527, textillustrations, showing his experimental equipment. And 1875 - II. Vol. 165. Pp. 519-547 and textillustr. showing experimental equipment.‎

‎First appearance of an importent historical paper in the investigations of radiation from cathode rays. This is Crookes first 2 papers on attraction and repulsion. In the same year he invented the ""light-mill"".""While working with his balance in a vacuum, Crookes noticed another ""anomaly"": the equilibrium of the balance was disturbed by slight differences in temperature of his samples. Inparticular he noticed that warmer bodies appeared to be lighter than colder ones:....At first Crookes believed this was a signpost pointing to a link between heat and gravitation....Since the attraction or repulsion was heighned by a decrease in pressure, Crookes was led s to suppose in 1873 that ""the movement is due to a repulsive action of radiation"" Repulsion was produced not only by heat radiation but also by light, and Crookes concluded - erraneously, as it turned out - that he had found a genuine case of ""the pressure of light"" postulated by the unfashionable corpuscular theory of light and Maxwell's as yet unaccepted electromagnetic theory.""(DSB III:477).Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. he early attracted attentuion by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. he was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases. -(PMM: 386 describing J.J. Thomson's Cathode Rays). - Magee, Source Book in Physics p. 564 ff.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42533

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Repulsion resulting from Radiation. - Part IV. Received June 27, - Read November 21, 1878‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1879). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1879 - Vol. 170 - Part I. Pp. 87-134, textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎

‎This paper, recording a series of further experiments with ""The Crook Tube"" and ""the lines of pressure"" under radiation, is an importent paper in the history of vacuum physics.Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. He early attracted attention by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. He was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42347

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Supposed ""New Force"" of M.J. Thore. Received May 5, - Read May 26, 1887.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1888). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1887 - Vol. 169 - Series A. Pp. 451-469, textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a paper in which Crookes with his wide variety of apparatus tests Thores ""New Force"".""On february 15 last M.J. Thore communicated to a scientific society at Dax a short paper describing some results he had obtained on the rotation of a delicately suspended cylinder of ivory. So remarkable were these results that in a private letter to myself, accompanying a printed copy of his paper, Mr. Thore said ""they seem to demonstrate the existance of a new force inherent in the human organism."" (Crookes).Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. he early attracted attentuion by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. he was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases. -(PMM: 386 describing J.J. Thomson's Cathode Rays). - Magee, Source Book in Physics p. 564 ff.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42530

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Viscosity of Gases at High Temperatures. Received December 28, 1880, Read febiary 17, 1881.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1881). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1881 - Vol. 172 - Part II. Pp. 387-434, textillustr. and 4 plates (3 double-page folding). One plate showing apparatus.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper which reports a series of experiments with the radiometer, invented 1875 by Crookes. In these experiments Crookes showed how the radiometer confirmed Maxwell's prediction that the viscosity of a gas was independent of its pressure except at the highest exhaustions.Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. he early attracted attentuion by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. He was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases. -(PMM: 386 describing J.J. Thomson's Cathode Rays). - Magee, Source Book in Physics p. 564 ff.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42528

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎Sur la Matière Radiante. Conférence faite a Sheffield, le 22 Aout 1879, devant L'Association Britannique pour L'Avancement des Sciences.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1880. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 5e Series, Tome 19. 576 pp. and 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Crooke's paper: pp. 195-231 with 21 fine textillustrations of his apparatus.‎

‎First apperance - simutaneously with an English version - of the paper in which Crookes is summing up his importent investigations on cathode-rays, describing the ""Crooke Tube"", the ""Lines of pressure"", his ""Light-Mill"", his Radiometer and the electric discharge in rarified gases etc., investigations leading to the discovery of the electron by J.J. Thomson in 1897.""With his thorough grounding in the experimentally difficult art of vacuum physics, Crookes laid the foundation for the fuller investigation by J. J. Thomson of the behavior of radiant matter in the discharge tube, showing, for example, that it induced phosphorescence in minerals like the diamond" that it caused the glass of the discharge tube to phosphoresce that its stream could be deflected by a magnet" and, most important of all, that since it cast a shadow of an opaque object (for example, a Maltese cross), it traveled in straight lines and was corpuscular in nature...""(DSB).The volume contains further notable papers E.H. AMAGAT: ""Mémoire sur la Compressabilité des Gaz à des Pressions élevees"", pp. 345-385. LOUIS CAILLETET: ""Sur la mesure des hautes Pressions"", pp. 386-389.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49287

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. On the Repulsion resulting from Radiation. - Part V. Received December 3, 1877, - Read January 17, 1878.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1878). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1878 - Vol. 169 - Part I. Pp. 243-318. Textillustrations showing experimental apparatus.‎

‎This paper, recording a series of further experiments with ""The Crook Tube"", the Radiometer and ""the lines of pressure"" under radiation, is an importent paper in the history of vacuum physics.Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. He early attracted attention by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. He was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42987

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM. - ARGON - THE FIRST OF THE INERT GASES.‎

‎On the Spectra of Argon. Received January 26, - Read January 31, 1895.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1895). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1895 - Vol. 186 - Series A, Part I. Pp. 243-251 and 1 plate (The Spectra of Argon). Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a classic paper in which Crookes by his spectrographic methods confirms the discovery of argon by Ramsey and Rayleigh in 1895. The plate is the first to show the spectra of argon, the first of the inert gases to be discovered.The paper first describes the spectra obtained by passing an electric discharge through argon at very low pressures,. Several specimens of argon (some containing traces of nitrogen) were invested. Crookes distinguished between the spectral lines attributable to argon and those of nitrogen and verified that the argon isolated by Lord rayleigh and William Ramsay was truly a new chemically inert element. (Neville I:p. 313).Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. he early attracted attentuion by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. he was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases. -(PMM: 386 describing J.J. Thomson's Cathode Rays). - Magee, Source Book in Physics p. 564 ff.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42531

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM. - CROOKES ON RADIOACTIVITY AND THE PRINCIPLE OF THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.‎

‎Sur la source de l'energie dans les corps radio-actifs.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1899. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 128, No 3. Pp. (137-) 192. Entire issue offered). Crooke's paper: pp. 176-178.‎

‎First appearance of Crooke's statement that radioactivity seems to violate the principle of the conservation of energy.""Despite his speculative powers, Crookes at first took a conservative view of this new science, for he could not believe that radioactive elements decayed spontaneously, since this seemed to imply a violation of the conservation of energy. It was his view, expressed between 1898 and 1900, that the source of activity was external to the radioactive element. He imagined that radium, say, had the ability to act as a Maxwellian demon and select from the atmosphere those air particles which were moving more swiftly than the average, absorb some of their energy, and eject them at a lower speed. This theory, which never received full publication, contravened the second law of thermodynamics"" and although Crookes thought that he might have experimental support for it, his evidence did not measure up to the critical scrutiny of Stokes."" (DSB).The issue contains another notable paper HENRI BECQUEREL ""Sur la dispersion anomale de la vapeur de sodium incandescante, et sur quelques conséquenceas de ce phénomene"", pp. 145-151.This theory, which never received full publication, Page 480 | Top of Articlecontravened the second law of thermodynamics" and although Crookes thought that he might have experimental support for it, his evidence did not measure up to the critical scrutiny of Stokes.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47428

‎"CROOKES, WILLIAM. - THE FOURTH STATE OF MATTER.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On Radiant Matter Spectroscopy: The Detection and wide Distributium of Yttrium. Received May 24, - Read May 11, 1883. (+) On Radiant Matter Spectroscopy.- Part II. Samarium. Received May 21, - Read June 18, 1885. (2 Papers).‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1884 a. 1886). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1883. Vol. 179 - Part II. Pp. 891-918 and 1885. Vol. 176 - Part II. Pp. 691-723 and 1 plate (chromolithographed spectra), many textillustr. of spectra. The plate with small spots in margins.‎

‎First appearance of these papers in which Crooles continues his cathode rays experiments with his Crookes tube, obtaining spectra of elements which he regarded as new. His experiments lead him here to his speculative theory of the elements having a common ancestor, a primordial matter.Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) studied at the Royal College of Chemistry , London, and served there as an assistant to Hoffmann. In 1859 he founded the Chemical News and remained its proprietor and editor until his death. he early attracted attentuion by his discovery of the element thallium by spectroscopic methods. he was an active investigator in many fields of physics and contributed greatly to the advance of knowledge by his study of the radiometer and of the electric discharge in rarefied gases.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42404

‎"CURIE, (MARIE) SKLODOWSKA. - RADIATION IS AN ATOMIC PROPERTY - COINING THE TERM 'RADIOACTIVITY'‎

‎Rayons émis par les composés de l'uranium et de thorium. Presentée par M. Lippmann. Séance du Mardi 12 Avril 1898).‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1898. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 126, No 15). Entire issue offered. With htitle and titlepage to vol. 126. Pp. 1059-1110. Curie's paper: pp. 1101-1103. Clean and fine. A punched stamp in lower margin of title-page.‎

‎First printing of this milestone paper, being the first ""Note"" from Marie Curie about ""radioactivity"". This same ""Note"" contains a the fundamental observation: ""Two uranium ores... are much more active than uranium itself. This fact... leads one to believe that these ores may contain an element much more active than uranium."" This paper gives the first proof of the fact that radiation is an atomic property.""Henri Becquerel, discovered (1896) that uranium salts shielded from light for several months spontaneously emit rays related in their effects to Roentgen rays. Mme. Curie became enthusiastic about this subject filled with the unknown and, as she later acknowledged, involving no bibliographic research.The first step in the research was to determine whether there existed other elements capable, like uranium, of emitting radiation. Abandoning the idea of hyperfluorescence, couldn’t one calculate by electrical measurement the effects on the conductivity of air that were revealed by the gold-leaf electroscope? Pierre Curie and his brother Jacques had constructed an extremely sensitive apparatus to measure weak currents"" Mme. Curie employed it in testing both pure substances and various ores. In her first ""Note"" in the Comptes rendus""de l Académie des sciences (12 April 1898) she described the method that she followed throughout her life, the method that enabled her to make comparisons through time and crosschecks with other techniques:""I employed... a plate condenser, one of the plates being covered with a uniform layer of uranium or of another finely pulverized substance [(diameter of the plates, eight centimeters"" distance between them, three centimeters). A potential difference of 100 volts was established between the plates.]. The current that traversed the condenser was measured in absolute value by means of an electrometer and a piezoelectric quartz. In general she preferred the zero method, in which the operator compensates for the current created by the active material by manipulating the quartz. All of her students followed this procedure.""(DSB).The first results came in 1898: the measurements varied between 83 × 10-12 amperes for pitch blende to less than 0.3 × 10-12 for almost inactive salts, passing through 53 × 10-12 for thorium oxide and for chalcolite (double phosphate of uranium and copper). Thorium would thus be ""radioactive"" (the term is Mme. Curie’s" its radioactive properties were discovered at the same time, independently, by Schmidt in Germany.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49598

‎"CURIE, IRÈNE & F. JOLIOT (AND P. SAVEL). - ""THE NEUTRON IDENTIFIED""‎

‎Émission de protons de grande vitesse par la substances hydrogénées sous l'influence des rayons gamma très pénétrants. (+) Effet d'absorption de rayons gamma de très haute fréquence par projection de noyaux légers. (+) Projections d'atomes par rayo...‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1932-33. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 194 and tome 197. - Tome 194: Nos 3,8,10,15 a. 25. - Tome 197: No 3. (6 entire issues offered). With titlepages to both volumes. The papers: pp. 273-275, 708-711, 876-877 a. 1 plate, 1229-1232, 2208-2211 a. 237-38 (tome 197). The issue no 25: pp. 2181-2248 lacks the first leaf, no affecting the paper. Titlepages with a faint stamp.‎

‎"CURIE, IRÈNE et F. JOLIOT.‎

‎Recherches sur le Rayonnement ultrapénétrant a la Station Scientifique du Jungfraujoch.‎

‎(Paris), Journal de Physique et le Radium, 1933. Royal8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. A small closed tear to frontwrapper, no loss. Offprint/ Extrait from ""Le Journal de Physique et le Radium"", Aout 1933, Série VII, T. IV, No 8. - 4 pp. (incl. titlepage). This copy has belonged to the Swedish physicist J. Tandberg with his name in ink in top of frontwrapper ""J. Tandberg/ Paris 28/4 34""‎

‎"CURIE, IRÈNE et M.F. JOLIOT. - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF ARTIFICIAL RADIOACTIVITY - NOBEL PRIZE PAPER OF 1935.‎

‎Un nouveau type de radioactivité. (Séance du 15 Janvier 1934).‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1934. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 198 No 3. Titlepage to vol. 198. Pp. (213-) 292. (Entire issue offered). The joint paper: pp. 254-256 a. 1 photographic illustration in the text. Titlepage with a stamp on verso, 2 small tears and a tiny bit of upper right corner gone. Titlepage a bit browned.‎

‎"CURIE, JACQUES. - PIEZOELECTRICITY IN CRYSTALS.‎

‎Recherches sur le pouvoir inducteur spécifique et la conductibilité des Corps cristallisés.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1889. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Light wear along edges. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6ieme Series - Tome 17. 512 pp. (Entire volume offered).‎

‎Firs printing of Jacques Curie's (the brother of Pierre Curie) doctorial dissertation dealing with the phenomena of Piezoelectricity in crystals which the two brothers had discovered in 1880. Crystals with piezoelectric properties form an essential portion of sound-electronics devices such as microphones and record-players.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49443

‎"CURIE, M. (MARIE) (MADAME SKLODOWSKA).‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Radioaktiven Substanzen. Übersetzt und mit Litteratur-Ergänzungen versehen von W. Kaufmann.‎

‎Braunschweig, Vieweg und Sohn, 1904. 8vo. Recent boards. Gilt lettering on spine. (4),132 pp., 14 textfigs. Clean and fine. (Die Wissenschaft. Sammlung naturwissenschaftlicher und mathematischer Monographien. Erstes Heft).‎

‎"CURIE, P. (PIERRE) et A. DEBIERNE. - MEASURING ABSOLUTE TIME FOR THE FIRST TIME‎

‎Sur la radio-activité des sels de radium. (+) Sur la radio-activité provoquée par des sels de radium. (These 2 with Debierne). (+) Sur la constante de temps caractéristique de la disparition de la radioactivité induite par leradium dansune enceinte fe...‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1901. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 133, No 5 and No 23. Pp. (969-) 1044 and pp. (909-) 966. The papers: pp. 276-279 + pp. 931-934 (both from vol. 133, and entire issues offered) + Tome 135, No 20. Pp. (821-) 880. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 857-59. + Tome 136, No 4. Pp. (181-) 262. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 223-226.‎

‎First printing of these four papers, constituting a revolution in time measuring, as Pierre Curie here defined a STANDARD FOR THE ABSOLUTE MEASURING OF TIME ON THE BASIS OF RADIOACTIVITY, and hereby departing from the relative measurements in geology and archaeology.After the discovery of Polonium and Actinium (1898 a. 1899 ) further discoveries followed. ""First came the announcement in 1899 by Marie Curie of induced radioactivity, brought about by the action of polonium or radium on inactive substances. The induced radioactivity persisted over a considerable period of time, a phenomenon of great concern to Pierre Curie. He took up the question with Debierne, with whom he published two papers in 1901(the first two papers offered)"" their experiments could be explained by Rutherford’s theory of emanation (radon), a radioactive gas emitted by radium. With J. Danne, Curie measured the diffusion coefficient of radium emanation in the air and proved, as Rutherford had done, that it liquefies at - 150°C. In order to clarify the nature of the emanation he studied the law of diminution of the activity of a solid after having removed it from a chamber in which a radium salt was present. In two notes presented to the Academy on 17 November 1902 and 26 January 1903 (the third and fourth papers offered), Curie showed that this activity diminishes according to an exponential law characterized by a time constant that, for the emanation, is equal to 5,752 days, regardless of the conditions of the experiment. The importance of this discovery, which marks the point of departure for all modern measurements of archaeological and geological dating, did not escape his, for at a meeting of the Société Française de Physidque in 1902 he defined a standard for the absolute measurement of time on the basis of radioactivity. Almost immediately Rutherford and Soddy showed that the exponential diminution was caused by the transmutation of radioactive elements."" (DSB. Pierre Curie).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47431

‎"CURIE, P. (PIERRE) et Mme S. CURIE. - RADIOACTIVITY IS AN INTRINSIC ATOMIC PROPERTY.‎

‎Sur les Corps radioactifs, présentée par M. H. Becquerel.‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1902. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", tome 134, No 2. Pp. (69-) 132. With titlepage to volume 134. (Entire issue offered). The Curie's paper: pp. 85-87. A stamp to titlepage. Sewing loosening.‎

‎"CURIE, P. (PIERRE). - ESTABLISHING ""CURIE POINT"" AND ""CURIE'S LAW"" OF TEMPERATURE.‎

‎Propriétés Magnétiques des Corps a diverses Températures.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1895. Bound with the original printed wrappers to all 4 issues (8 wrappers) in contemp. hcalf. Wear to top of spine. Light wear along edges. Two small stamps on verso of titlepage.In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 7me Series - Tome V. 576 pp. The entire volume offered. Curie's paper: pp. 289-405, textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎