‎Physique‎

‎"WILSON, C.T.R. - THE WILSON ""CLOUD-CHAMBER"".‎

‎On the Condension Nuclei produced in Gases by the Action of Röntgen Rays, Uranium Rays, Ultra-violet Light, and other Agents. Received October 29, - Read November 24, 1898.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1899). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 192 - Series A. Pp. 403-453. Textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Wilson's second importent paper describing his further experiments with his ""Cloud Chamber"".""To the period 1895-1912 belongs the development of an instrument which to my mind is the most original and wonderful in scientific history.I refer to the cloud or expansion chamber of C.T.R. Wilson...It was a wonderful advance to be able to se, so to speak, the details of the adventures of these particles in their flight through the gas....""(Lord Rutherford).""C.T.R. Wilson had been developing his cloud-chamber, which was to provide the most powerfull of all methods of investigation in atomic physics. In moist air, if a certain degree of supersaturation is exceeded this can be secured by a sudden expansion of the air) condensation takes place on dust-nuclei, when any are present: if by preliminary operations condensation is made to take place on the dust-nuclei, and the resulting droplets are allowed to settle, the air in the chamber is thereby freed from dust. If now X-rays or radiation from a radioactive substance are passed into the chamber, and if the degree of supersaturation is sufficient, condensation again takes place: this is due to the production of ions by the radiation. Thus the tracks of ionising radiations can be made visible by the sudden expansion of a moist gas, each ion becoming the centre of a visible globule of water. Wilson showed that the ions produced by uranium radiation were identical with those produced by X-rays."" (Whittaker in ""A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity."" II, p. 4).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 42793

‎"WILSON, C.T.R. - THE ""WILSON-CLOUD-CHAMBER"" BROUGHT TO PERFECTION.‎

‎Investigations on X-Rays and Beta-Rays by the Cloud Method.. Part I. - X-Rays. Part II. - Beta-Rays. (2 Papers).‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1923. Royal8vo. Contemp. full cloth, gilt lettering to spine. A small stamp to verso of titlepage and on foot of a few leaves.. In: ""Proceedings of the Royal Society"", Series A, Vol. 104. VI,(6),676,XXXII pp., textillustr. and plates. (Entire volume offered). Wilson's papers: pp. (1-) 24 and 12 plates + pp. 192-212 and 9 plates.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Wilson had brought his Cloud Chamber to perfection and showed the photographic tracks of the particles. The Cloud Chamber was the first detector of radioacticity and nuclear transmutations and it played an importent role in experimental particle physics e.g. the discovery of the positron. Wilson received the Nobel prize - together with Arthur Compton - in physics in 1927 for his work on the Cloud Chamber.""The 21 cloud chamber pictures of X-rays and beta-rays on coated stock printed recto only were the culmination of many years research by Wilson and at last showed the full potential of this method as a tool for particle physicists. Early in 1911 (Wilson) was the first person to see and photograph the tracks of individual alpha-particles and electrons. The event aroused great interest as the paths of the alpha-particle were just as W.H. Bragg had drawn them in publication some years earlier. But it was not until 1923 (the paperoffered) that the clous chamber was brought to perfection and led to his two, beautifully illustrated classic papers on the track of electron."" (The Nobel Foundation).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47063

‎"WILSON, C.T.R. - THE IMPROVED VERSION OF ""WILSONS CLOUD-CHAMBER"".‎

‎On a Method of making Visible the Paths of Ionising Particles through a Gas.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1911. Small 4to. Contemp. full cloth. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. A stamp to verso of titlepage and a few other leaves. In: ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A."", Vol. LXXXV. XXIII,605,XXIV pp. and 11 plates. (Entire volume offered). Wilson's paper: pp. 285-288 a. 1 plate. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper which describes the final version of his invention, the famous Cloud-Chamber, - the first Cloud Chamber was invented by him in 1896 - for making visible and photographing the paths of charged particles, an invention for which Wilson received a share of the Nobel Prize in 1827. By using the Cloud Chamber he was here (1911) able to observe the track of an alpha ray by condensing water drops onto the ions produced by its passage.The Cloud Chamber, which Rutherford called ""the most original apparatus in the whole history of physics"", became standard equipment in physics laboratories, and made possible numerous important discoveries in the fields of particle and nuclear physicsAfter 1896 ""Wilson continued to experiment with ultraviolet radiation and other techniques for producing condensation effects, but soon concentrated on atmospheric electricity, not returning to the cloud chamber until December 1910. He designed an improved chamber with new methods of illumination and the possibility of photographing the results. At this time Wilson realized that it might be possible to reveal the track of an a ray by condensing water drops onto the ions produced by its passage. During March 1911 he saw this effect produced in his apparatus. Thus, the elucidation of phenomena seen in the Scottish hills led to the possibility of studying the processes of radioactivity, and the Wilson cloud chamber became an important piece of laboratory equipment. But it was in the study of cosmic rays that it achieved its full power, particularly in the refined form developed by Patrick Blackett, in which it was possible to study particles of very high energy and the production of electron-positron pairs with the chamber situated in a strong magnetic field."" (DSB).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 46922

‎"WILSON, C.T.R. - THE INVENTION OF THE WILSON ""CLOUD CHAMBER""‎

‎Condensation of Water Vapour in the Presence of Dust-free Air and other Gases. Communicated by J.J. Thomson. Received March 15, - Read April 8, 1897.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1897). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1897, Volume 189 - Series A. - Pp. 265-307. Clean fine. Textillustrations, depicting Wilson's famous apparatus‎

‎First printing of this groundbreaking paper in which Wilson describes the invention which made it possible to view the track of a single atomic projectile or electron. The invenvention of the ""Dust-Chamber"" made it possible for J.J. Thomson in 1897 to calculate the charge of the electron, and thereby finding its mass, since the ratio between the two was known. In most cases it was found that the track of the particle is a straight, or nearly straight line.""C.T.R. Wilson had been developing his cloud-chamber, which was to provide the most powerfull of all methods of investigation in atomic physics. In moist air, if a certain degree of supersaturation is exceeded this can be secured by a sudden expansion of the air) condensation takes place on dust-nuclei, when any are present: if by preliminary operations condensation is made to take place on the dust-nuclei, and the resulting droplets are allowed to settle, the air in the chamber is thereby freed from dust. If now X-rays or radiation from a radioactive substance are passed into the chamber, and if the degree of supersaturation is sufficient, condensation again takes place: this is due to the production of ions by the radiation. Thus the tracks of ionising radiations can be made visible by the sudden expansion of a moist gas, each ion becoming the centre of a visible globule of water. Wilson showed that the ions produced by uranium radiation were identical with those produced by X-rays."" (Whittaker in ""A History of the Theories of Aether & Electricity"" II:p.4).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 42616

‎"WILSON, C.T.R. - THE MOST ORIGINAL AND WONDERFUL INSTRUMENT IN SCIENTIFIC HISTORY - WILSON'S CLOUD CHAMBER.‎

‎Über die Expansionsapparat zur Sichtsbarmachung der Bahnen ionisierender Teilchen in Gasen, und über einige mittels dieses Apparats gewonnene Ergebnisse. Mit 23 Figuren im Text und auf 5 Tafeln. (Eingegangen 6. Oktober 1912). (On an Expansion Apparatu...‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, 1913. 8vo. Orig. printed wrappers, no backstrip. Wrappers loose. In ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik"", 10. bd., Heft 1. Pp. 1-138 (entire issue offered). Wilson's paper: pp. 34-54, textillustrations, showing apparatus and 5 photographic plates, showing ionizing by Alpha-, Beta- and Röntgen- radiation).‎

‎Together with the English version - published 1912 in the Proceedings of the Royal Society - this is Wilson's main paper relating ""that the track of an ionizing particle might be made visible and photographed by condensing water of the ions which is liberated"". The first trails were obtained in 1911 where he submitted a short note of this to the Proceedings. In the offered paper he published the first tracks made by the ionizing particles of alpha, beta and Röntgen-rays. This, Wilson Cloud-Chamber, became an extremely valuable instrument of fundamental research, the discovery of the positron in 1932 and the kaon in 1963 were made by using cloud chambers as detectors.""But the whole course of the particle appears infinitely more clearly by the method invented by C.T.R. Wilson in 1911 and named after him. The radiation is allowed to enter an expansion-chamber, containing a gas saturated with water vapour. A sudden expansion of the chamber cools the gas, and cloud-drops are then formed instantly around the ions produced along the tracks of the particles. By suitable illumination these tracks can be made to stand out clearly as if they had been described by luminous projectiles. The ""Altmeister"" of modern nuclear physics, Lord Rutherford, once called the Wilson chamber ""the most original and wonderful instrument in scientific history"".""Thomson Rees Wilson (1869-1959), a Scottish physicist, is credited with inventing the cloud chamber. Inspired by sightings of the Brocken spectre while working on the summit of Ben Nevis in 1894, he began to develop expansion chambers for studying cloud formation and optical phenomena in moist air. Very rapidly he discovered that ions could act as centers for water droplet formation in such chambers. He pursued the application of this discovery and perfected the first cloud chamber in 1911. In Wilson's original chamber the air inside the sealed device was saturated with water vapor, then a diaphragm is used to expand the air inside the chamber (adiabatic expansion). This cools the air and water vapor starts to condense. When an ionizing particle passes through the chamber, water vapor condenses on the resulting ions and the trail of the particle is visible in the vapor cloud. Wilson, along with Arthur Compton, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for his work on the cloud chamber. (Wikipedia).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 45816

‎"WILSON, HAROLD A. - FORERUNNER OF THE OIL-DROP EXPERIMENT.‎

‎On the Electrical Conductivity of Flames Conatining Salt Vapours. Communicated by J.J. Thomson. Received March 19,- Read April 27, 1899.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1899). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1899, Volume 192 - Series A. - Pp. 499-528, textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎"WINKLER, JOHANN EINRICH.‎

‎Gedanken von den Eigenschaften, Wirkungen und Ursachen der Electricität, nebst einer Beschreibung zwo neuer Electrischen Maschinen.‎

‎Leipzig, Bernard Christoph Breitkopfs, 1744. Contemp. marbled boards. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. A paperlabel pastd on spine. (32),168 pp. and 3 folded engraved plate. Clean and fine.‎

‎"WINKLER, JOHANN EINRICH. - KRATZENSTEIN, CHRISTIAN GOTTLIEB.‎

‎Gedanken von den Eigenschaften, Wirkungen und Ursachen der Electricität, nebst einer Beschreibung zwo neuer Electrischen Maschinen. (+ Winkler:) Die Eigenschaften der Electrischen Materie und des Electrischen Feuers aus verschiedenen neuen versuchen e...‎

‎Leipzig, Breitkop, 1744. (+) Leipzig, Breitkop, 1745. (+) Halle, Hemmerde, 1745. 8vo. Bound in one contemp. hcalf. raised bands. A paperlabel pasted on top of spine. Stamps on the first title-page. An old name erased from title-page leaving a small hole, no loss of letters. (32),168 pp. - (28),164 pp. and 7 (numb. I-VII, the first 3 belongs to the first work, 4 to the second) folded engraved plates, referring to both works !) - 62 pp. a. 1 engraved plate. Internally clean, printed on good paper.‎

‎"WINTER, CLASINE VAN.‎

‎Theory of Finite Systems of Particles. 1. The Green Function.‎

‎København, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1964. 4to. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Matematisk-fysisk Skfirter"" udgivet af ""Det Kongelig Danske Videnskabernes Selskab"", Bind 2, 8. Very fine and clean. 60 pp.‎

‎"WOLLAN, E. O.‎

‎X-ray scattering and Atomic Structure.‎

‎(Menasha, George Banta Publishing, 1932). Royal8vo. In the original orange printed wrappers. In ""Reviews of Modern Physics"", Volume 4, April, Number 2. Entire issue offered. Previous owner's name to top of front wrapper, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 205-259. [Entire volume: Pp. 205-470].‎

‎"WOLLASTON, WILLIAM HYDE. - THE INVENTION OF THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA LENS.‎

‎On a Periscopic Camera Obscura and Microscope. Read June 11, 1812.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1812. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1812. With titlepage to the year 1812 - Part I. Pp. 370-377. Light yellowing to titlepage.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Wollaston explains his invention and function of photography's first lens, the Wollaston Meniscus, invented more than 25 years before the first photography appeared.""Wollaston developed the first lens specifically for camera lens called Wollaston's meniscus lens, or just meniscus lens, in 1812. The lens was designed to improve the image projected by the camera obscura. By changing the shape of the lens, Wollaston was able to project a flatter image, eliminating much of the distortion that was a problem with many of that day's biconvex lenses"" (DSB).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 46063

‎"WOLLASTON, WILLIAM HYDE. - AN EARLY STATEMENT OF ""CONSERVATION OF ENERGY""‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture on the Force of Percussion. Read November 14, 1805.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1806). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1806 - Part I. Pp. 13-22.‎

‎First printing of Wollaston's Bakerian lecture where he defends Gottfried Leibniz's principle of vis viva, an gives an early formulation of the conservation of energy.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 42853

‎"YOUNG, THOMAS. - THE DISCOVERIES OF THE INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT - GERMAN EDITIONS.‎

‎Ueber die Theorie des Lichts. Frei übersetzt vom Professor Lüdicke. (+) Nachricht von einigen Fällen einer bisher noch nicht beschriebenen Entstehung der Farben. (+) Beschreibung einer Vorrichtung, um mittelst des Sonnen-Mikroskops die Farben dünner F...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1811. Without wrappers. In: ""Annalen der Physik. Hrsg. Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 39 (der Reihe), Eilftes u. Zwölftes Stück. Titlepage to vol. 39. Pp. 129-244 a. 2 engraved plates. (The entire issue offered). Young's papers: pp. 156-205 a. pp. 206-220. And pp. 245-360 a. 2 engraved plates. (The entire issue offered). Young's papers: pp. 255-261 a. pp. 262-290.‎

‎"ZEEMAN, P.‎

‎The Effect of Magnetization on the Nature of light Emitted by a Substance. - [THE ZEEMAN-EFFECT - NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1902]‎

‎London, Macmillan & Co, 1896-97. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Nature"", Vol. 55, November 1896 - April 1897. Bookplates to front free end-papers and library stamp to title page. Minor wear to extremities, otherwise very fine and clean. P. 347. [Entire volume: XL, 624 pp.].‎

‎"ZEEMAN, P.‎

‎The Effect of Magnetization on the Nature of light Emitted by a Substance. - [THE ZEEMAN-EFFECT - NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1902]‎

‎London, Macmillan & Co, 1896-97. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Nature"", Vol. 55, November 1896 - April 1897. Bookplates to front free end-papers and library stamp to title page. Minor wear to extremities, otherwise very fine and clean. P. 347. [Entire volume: XL, 624 pp.].‎

‎First English edition of this landmark paper in which the Zeeman-effect was first announced. It is one of the most important and influential discoveries made in the later half of the 19th century. ""The Zeemann effect not only opened a new world of facts which interest the physicist, the chemist, and even the astronomer, but the study also contributed - to an extent much greater than the study of the Stark effect - to the conceptual development of quantum theory"" (Jammer). Together with Lorenz, Zeeman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for ""the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena"". ""The last experiment performed by Michael Faraday was an unsuccessful attempt to observe the influence of a magnetic field on the spectral lines of sodium. More than 30 years later, Pieter Zeeman took up the challenge and observed a broadening of the lines, which was soon recognized to be the splitting that we know as the Zeeman effect. Zeeman's account of the discovery, translated for Nature from the Proceedings of the Physical Society of Berlin, includes an interpretation based on Hendrik Lorentz's idea of ""small molecular elements charged with electricity"", and a rough calculation of the charge to mass ratio of these ""ions""."" (Nature Physics Portal).""Zeeman is best remembered for his observations in 1896 of the mageto-optic phenomenon that almost immediately was named the Zeeman effect. His experimental discovery was not fortuitous, but the fruition of theoretical views that had motivated attempts over a span of thirty-five years to detect some such interaction between magnetism and light. Zeeman's initial observations were beautifully comprehended by H.A.Lorentz' electromagnetic theory, which also served to guide Zeeman in the very early refinement and extension of his discovery. As a result Zeeman and Lorentz shared the 1902 Nobel Prize for physics in recognition of their accomplishment and of the promise, since overwhelmingly fulfilled, of the Zeeman effect for contributing to the understanding of spectra and the particulate structure of matter."" (DSB).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 46978

‎"ZEEMAN, PIETER (+) R. SISSINGH. - THE KERR-EFFECT INVESTIGATED, THE PHD THESIS.‎

‎Mesures relatives au Phénomène de Kerr, dans la Réflexion polaire sur le Fer, le Cobalt et le Nickel se rapportant en particulier à la Différence de Phase Magnéto-Optique de Sissingh. (Mémoire couronné par la Société Hollandaise des Sciences à Harlem)...‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1894. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. Wrapper frayed at edges loosing some small pieces. A faint stamp on frontwrapper. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosscha"", Tome XXVII. (Entire volume offered). VIII,438 pp. and 7 lithographed plates. Zeeman's paper: pp. 252-302. Sissingh's paper: pp. 173-251. Uncut and unopened.‎

‎"ZEEMAN, PIETER.‎

‎Lignes doubles et triples dans le spectre, produites sous l'influence d'un champ magnetique exterieur.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1897. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 124, No 25. Pp. (1407-) 1486. (Entire issue offered). Zeeman's paper: pp. 1444-1445.‎

‎"ÅNGSTRÖM, A.J.‎

‎Mémoire sur la propagation de la Chaleur dans les Corps.‎

‎(Upsal, C.A. Leffler, 1860). 4to. Orig. printed wrappers. Extracted from ""Actes de la Soc. Roy. des Sciences d'Upsala"", Series 3ieme. T. III. Pp. (51-) 72. This extract has the orig. printed wrappers from Tome III.‎

‎"ÅNGSTRÖM, A.J. (ANDERS JONAS). - THE DISCOVERY OF HYDROGEN IN THE SUN.‎

‎Ueber die Fraunhofer'schen Linien im Sonnenspectrum. (Mitgetheilt vom Hrn. verf. aus d. Oefversigt af K. vet. Acad. Förhandl."" 1861, No 8, nebst einem späteren Zusatz).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1862. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Vierte Reihe Bd. 27 (117), Stück Zwei, No. 10. The entire issue offered. Titlepage to vol. 27. Pp. 193-352 a. 1 engraved plate. Ångströms paper: pp. 290-302.‎

‎"ÅNGSTRÖM, A.J. - ÅNGSTRÖM'S HEAT BAR.‎

‎Mémoire sur la propagation de la Chaleur dans les Corps.‎

‎Upsal, C.A. Leffler, 1860. 4to. Uncut and unopened. Offprint from ""Actes de la Soc. Roy. des Sciences d'Upsala"", Series 3ieme. T. III. (2),22 pp.‎

‎First edition of Ångström's importent paper on the transformation of heat through materials. Angstrom determined the conductivity of the material of a bar by periodically heating and cooling it. The bar was heated and cooled periodically by passing steam and water at regular intervals through a chamber at one end of the bar ... In this way, the temperature at points along the bar fluctuate periodically and on account of surface radiation the temperature amplitude diminishes as the distance from the region of supply increases.In 1868, Ångström created a spectrum chart of solar radiation that expresses the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum in multiples of one ten-millionth of a millimetre, or 1×10-10 metres. This unit of length later became known as the ångström, Å.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 49234

‎"ÅNGSTRÖM, A.J. et T.R. THALÉN.‎

‎Recherches sur les spectres métalloïdes. Avec deux Planches.‎

‎Upsala, Berling, 1875. Uncut in original printed wrappers. The entire volume of ""Nova Acta Regiæ Societatis Scient. Upsaliensis."" Seriei Tertiæ. Vol. IX, Fasc. II. The memoir: 34 pp. and 2 large folded plates.‎

‎First printing.""A work on the spectra of the metalliods, which was begun some years previously, was completed by Tobias Robert Thalén, who actively assisted Ångström for many years, and was published in 1875. In opposition to the view that a given chemical element had a multiplicity of spectra, depending upon conditions, Ångström remained a strong defender of the opinion that each chemical element had a single characteristic spectrum that remained essentially unchanged."" (DSB).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 59142

‎"ÅNGSTRÖM, ANDERS JONAS.‎

‎Om de monoklinoedriska kristallernas molekulära konstanter. Inlemnad d. 7 Mars 1851.‎

‎Stockholm, (1851). Uncut in orig. blue blank wrappers. Wrappers a bit frayed.Offprint from ""Kungl. Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens handlingar"". 1850. II. Pp. (425-)461 a. 2 plates. Wrappers and plates loose.‎

‎First editon. Importent pioneer work in crystallography. The papers topic is the exact nature of the relation between the various axes of a crystal, the axes of figure, of elasticity, of electrical conductivity, the thermal, the optic, and the magnetic axes.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 45867

‎"ØRSTED (OERSTED), H.C.‎

‎Bidrag til at udfinde Loven for Legemernes Sammentrykning. (On finding the Law of the contraction of Bodies).‎

‎Kbhvn., (Read 1823), 1826. 4to. Uden omslag. Udkom i ""Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter"". På skrivepapir. (34) pp. samt 2 kobberstukne plancher.‎

‎"ØRSTED (OERSTED), H.C.‎

‎Das Luftschiff. Ein gedicht. Aus dem Dänischen von J.E.G. Johannsen. (The Air-Ship, a Poem).‎

‎Kopenhagen, Reitzel, 1837. 12mo. Original pictorial printed boards depicting air-balloons. Fine condition.‎

‎First German edition of the poem entitled ""The Airship"" (1836) by the world-famous Danish scientist, Ørsted (Oersted, Örsted), who is renowned for the discovery of electro-magnetism.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 57949

‎"ØRSTED (OERSTED), H.C.‎

‎Forsög over Klangfigurerne.‎

‎(Copenhagen, 1810). 4to. Without wrappers. In ""Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter"" Pp. (31)-64 + 4 folded plates.‎