‎Zoologie‎

‎"BENEDEN, PIERRE-JOSEPH. - (H.G. BRONN)‎

‎Mémoire sur les vers intestinaux.‎

‎Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1861. 4to. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Supplément aux Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Tome Deuxieme. (6),376 pp. a. 27 fine engraved plates. A punched stamp to lower margin of title-page. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition of Beneden's pioneering work on intestinal worms.Bound with: H.G. BRONN'S prize winning memoir ""Etudier les lois de la distribution des corps organisés dans les différents terrains sédimentaires, suivant l'ordre de leur superposition."", pp. 377-918. Folded tables.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49474

‎"BENEDEN, PIERRE-JOSEPH. - (H.G. BRONN)‎

‎Mémoire sur les vers intestinaux.‎

‎Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1861. 4to. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Supplément aux Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Tome Deuxieme. (6),376 pp. a. 27 fine engraved plates. A punched stamp to lower margin of title-page. Clean and fine.‎

‎"BLES, EDWARD J.‎

‎The Life-History of Xenopus laevis, Daud. (Witrh four Plates).‎

‎Edinburgh, Grant & Son, 1905. Large 4to. Loose and wrappers with tears. Some traces of use. (32) pp. and 4 fine chromolithographed plates. Offprint from ""Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh."" Vol. XLI, Part III, No. 31‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47774

‎"BOMARE, VALMONT de. - OTTO FABRICIUS' EKSEMPLAR.‎

‎Den almindelige Natur=Historie i Form af et Dictionnaire. Oversat, forøget og forbedret of H. von Aphelen. 8 Bd.‎

‎Kiøbenhavn, C.L. Borup, 1767-70. Indbundet i 8 samtidige helldrbd. Ryg og kapitæler noget slidte. I hvert bind forefindes gl. ejersignaturer med angivelse af sted og tid for erhvervelsen, f.eks. ""Kjøbt 1768 i Kbhvn. O. Fabricius"" og i de senere bind ""Kjøbt 1769 (-1771) i Grønland. O. Fabricius"". Indvendig ganske velbevaret med lidt spredte brunpletter og med en del tilføjelser i marginer af Otto Fabricius, som givervis har anvendt værket ved udarbejdelsen af hans pioneerværk ""Fauna Greoenlandica"", udgivet 1780.‎

‎Første danske udgave. - Bibl. Danica II,162.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 52863

‎"BOAS, J.E.V.‎

‎Studier over Decapodernes Slægtskabsforhold.‎

‎København, 1880. 4to. Uden omslag som udkommet i ""Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter"", pp. 23-208 samt 7 litograferede plancher med talrige figurer.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 39116

‎"BOMARE, VALMONT de. - OTTO FABRICIUS' EKSEMPLAR.‎

‎Den almindelige Natur=Historie i Form af et Dictionnaire. Oversat, forøget og forbedret of H. von Aphelen. 8 Bd.‎

‎Kiøbenhavn, C.L. Borup, 1767-70. Indbundet i 8 samtidige helldrbd. Ryg og kapitæler noget slidte. I hvert bind forefindes gl. ejersignaturer med angivelse af sted og tid for erhvervelsen, f.eks. ""Kjøbt 1768 i Kbhvn. O. Fabricius"" og i de senere bind ""Kjøbt 1769 (-1771) i Grønland. O. Fabricius"". Indvendig ganske velbevaret med lidt spredte brunpletter og med en del tilføjelser i marginer af Otto Fabricius, som givervis har anvendt værket ved udarbejdelsen af hans pioneerværk ""Fauna Greoenlandica"", udgivet 1780.‎

‎"BREMSER, (JOHANN GOTTFRIED).‎

‎Über Lebende Würmer im lebender Menschen. Ein Buch für ausübende Aerzte. Mit nach der Natur gezeichneten Abbildungen auf vier Tafeln. Nebst einem Anhange.‎

‎Wien, C. Schauenburg et Comp., 1819. 4to. Cont. hcalf. Gilt back. Red gilt titlelabel in leather. Top of spine a little worn. Otherwise fine. Titlepage with large engraved illustration (Pseudo-Helminthen). XII,284 pp. + (4) pp. of ""Erklärung zu Tafeln"", 4 engraved and coloured plates (colourprinted - handcoloured ??).‎

‎First edition of the first scientific monograph on human intestinal parasitic worms. - Nissen ZBI: 570. - Wellcome II:233.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 28353

‎"BRIDGE, T.W. a. A.C. HADDON.‎

‎Contributions to the Anatomy of Fishes. II. The Air-bladder and Weberian Ossicles in the Siluroid Fishes.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1894). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", 1893, Vol. 184 B. Pp. 65-333 and 9 fine photolithographed plates with many figs.‎

‎"BUDDE-LUND, G.‎

‎A Revision of ""Crustacea Isopoda terrestria"" with Additions and Illustrations. 3 Parts (in 2). (1. Eubelum. 2. Spherilloninæ. 3. Armadillo). 2 vols.‎

‎Copenhagen, 1899-1904. 2 cont. hcloth. 31,144 pp. and 10 fine engraved plates with many figs.‎

‎"Carlos Verlinden"‎

‎"Notes sur l'Histoire Naturelle et La Chasse du Cerf"‎

‎"1953. Liège Imprimerie Bénard s.d. (1953) - Broché 18 cm x 24 cm 126 pages photos peintures et ills in et hors-texte noir & blanc - Texte de Carlos Verlinden - Corrections manuscrites de l'ancien propriétaire sur les trois dernières pages sinon bon état"‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 18780

‎"CARLISLE, ANTHONY. - A MONSTROUS LAMB DESCRIBED.‎

‎Account of a monstrous Lamb. In a Letter to Sir Joseph Banks. Read January 29, 1801.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1801). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1801 - Part I. Pp. 139-144 and 1 engraved plate.‎

‎"Comte Aimery de Comminges"‎

‎"A travers l'Allemagne hippique"‎

‎"1911. Paris Librairie Plon 1911 2ème ed. - Broché cm x cm VIII+ 206 pages ills hors-texte - Texte du Comte Aimery de Comminges signature du Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec - Ex. à relier"‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 16241

‎"CUVIER, GEORGES L.C.F.‎

‎Tableau élémentaire de l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux.‎

‎Paris, Baudouin, An 6 (1798). 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, richly gilt back. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Corners a bit bumped, otherwise fine. XVI,710 pp. and 14 engraved plates with many figs. A few scattered brownspots. Printed on good paper.‎

‎First editiuon of Cuvier's first work on comparative zoology, in which he showed the affinities and similarities in the structure of present forms of animals, researches which resulted in comparison with older forms and thereby giving the material for other theorists to suggest evolutionary lines and links. Cuvier is considered as the founder of modern palaeontology by this and his later published work ""Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles...""""Cuvier's first separate work ""Tableau...(1798)"", is based on a course of lectures he had delivered at l'Ecole du Pantheon. It wa the first general statement of his naltural classification of the aninal kingdom...He established the four great classes (vertebrates, molluscs, articulates, and radiates) and classified the animals according to the anatomical structure."" (Milestones of Science No. 44) - Wood p. 307.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 38049

‎"CUVIER, GEORGES L.C.F.‎

‎Tableau élémentaire de l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux.‎

‎Paris, Baudouin, An 6 (1798). 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, richly gilt back. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Corners a bit bumped, otherwise fine. XVI,710 pp. and 14 engraved plates with many figs. A few scattered brownspots. Printed on good paper.‎

‎"DARWIN, C. R.‎

‎A new view of Darwinism.‎

‎London and New York, Macmillan and Co., 1871. Royal8vo. In publisher's original red embossed cloth. In ""Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science"", Vol. 4, April-October 1871. Stamp to title-page and p. 1 and ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Binding with wear and light soiling, spine partly detached with a 7 cm long tear to rear hindge. Internally fine and clean. Darwin's paper: Pp.180-181. [Entire volume: XII, 520 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Darwin’s short notice to Henry Hoyle Howorth (1842-1923), geologist and naturalist. F1754‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60108

‎"DARWIN, CH. (CHARLES).‎

‎De L'Origine des Espèces ou des Lois du Progrès chez les Étres organisés par Ch. Darwin. Traduit en francais sur le troisieme Édition avec l'autorisation de l'Auteur par Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Avec une Preface et des Notes du Traducteur. - [FIRST FRENCH EDITION OF THE ""ORIGIN""]‎

‎Paris, Guillaumin et Cie, Victor Masson et Fils, 1862. 8vo. Bound uncut and with the original printed front wrapper (expertly restored) in a very fine later half morocco binding with four raised bands and gilt title to spine. Very light minor brownspotting to a few pages. An exceptionally nice, clean, and attractive copy. LXIV (incl. half-title), I-XXIII + (24-) 712. pp. and 1 folded plate (between pp.160 a. 161). Fully complete.‎

‎The scarce first French edition of Darwin's masterpiece, one of the most important books ever printed. The ""Origin"" started the greatest of all intellectual revolutions in the history of Mankind.There were some difficulties with the first French edition. Mlle Royer, who Darwin described as 'one of the cleverest and oddest women in Europe' and wished 'had known more of natural history', added her own footnotes. He was not really happy until the third translation by Éduard Barbier appeared in 1876. (Freeman). Freeman No 655 (Freeman does not mention the plate, which is present here).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 50871

‎"DARWIN, CH. (CHARLES).‎

‎De L'Origine des Espèces ou des Lois du Progrès chez les Étres organisés par Ch. Darwin. Traduit en francais sur le troisieme Édition avec l'autorisation de l'Auteur par Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Avec une Preface et des Notes du Traducteur. - [FIRST FRENCH EDITION OF THE ""ORIGIN""]‎

‎Paris, Guillaumin et Cie, Victor Masson et Fils, 1862. 8vo. Bound partly uncut with the original wrappers in a very nice later full calf pastiche binding with four raised band and richly gilt spine. Gilt boarders to boards. Small repair to upper right corner of title-page, not affecting text. An exceptionally fine and clean copy. LXIV (incl. half-title), I-XXIII + (24-) 712. pp. and 1 folded plate (between pp.160 a. 161).‎

‎The scarce first edition of the controversial first French translation - bound partly uncut and with the original wrappers - of Darwin's masterpiece, one of the most important books ever printed. This famed translation - done by self-taught female scholar - ended up causing quite a stir and adding to the theory of evolution some for Darwin quite unforeseen interpretations. Because of this, the translator, Clémence Royer, gained notoriety as one of the leading eugenicists of the time. Darwin was very eager to have his work published in French. It is not known exactly how he happened on Royer as the translator, but as she was familiar with the works of Lamarck and Malthus, immediately realized the importance of Darwin's work and also had close connections to the French publisher Guillaumin, she must have seemed perfect for the job. She had a naturalist help her with the biologically technical parts and made an excellent job of the translation. There was one big problem, however - she went well beyond her role as a translator and added a 60-page preface and numerous explanatory footnotes that Darwin had not seen before publication. In the preface, she challenged the belief in religious revelation, she discussed the application of natural selection to the human race, and she presented a pure eugenic theory, explaining the negative consequences of protecting the weak and the infirm. She also promoted her concept of progressive evolution, which had more in common with the ideas of Lamarck than with those of Darwin. Right after having seen the translation, Darwin wrote in a letter to the American botanist, Asa Gray: ""I received 2 or 3 days ago a French translation of the Origin by a Madelle. Royer, who must be one of the cleverest & oddest women in Europe: is ardent deist & hates Christianity, & declares that natural selection & the struggle for life will explain all morality, nature of man, politicks &c &c!!!. She makes some very curious & good hits, & says she shall publish a book on these subjects, & a strange production it will be.""After some reflection, however, Darwin began having more serious doubts, and about a month later he wrote to the French zoologist Armand de Quatrefages: ""I wish the translator had known more of Natural History" she must be a clever, but singular lady" but I never heard of her, till she proposed to translate my book."" He had now also read the footnotes and wrote to Joseph Hooker: ""Almost everywhere in Origin, when I express great doubt, she appends a note explaining the difficulty or saying that there is none whatever!! It is really curious to know what conceited people there are in the world.""Freeman No 655 (Freeman does not mention the plate, which is present here).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 55642

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Het Uitdrukken der Gemoedsaandoeningen bij den Mensch en de Dieren. [i.e.: ""The Expression of the Emotions in Man""]. - [FIRST DUTCH TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S ""THE EXPRESSION OF THE EMOTIONS IN MAN""]‎

‎The Hague, Joh. Ykema, 1873. 8vo. In the original publisher's embossed full red cloth with gilt lettering to front board and spine. Previous owner's name to front end-paper and traces after a stamp to lower part of title-page. Spine with a bit of wear, otherwise a fine and clean copy. IX, (1), 435 pp.‎

‎The rare first Dutch translation of Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man published the year after the original. The Expression of the Emotions ""is an important member of the evolutionary set, and it was written, in part at least, as a confutation of the idea that the facial muscles of expression in man were a special endowment."" (Freeman p. 142). Darwin concluded that ""the chief expressive actions exhibited by man and by the lower animals are now innate or inherited.""Freeman 1182.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 51711

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Menniskans Härledning och Könsurvalet. [English: ""The Descent of Man""). 2 vols. - [FIRST SWEDISH TRANSLATION OF ""THE DESCENT OF MAN""]‎

‎Stockholm, Albert Bonniers, 1872. 8vo. 2 volumes in one (as issued) contemporary half calf binding with gilt lettering to spine. A fine and clean copy. (Frontiespiece), (1), 314, (2) pp."" (4), XV, (1), 294, (6), 39 pp.‎

‎The rare first Swedish translation of ""The Descent of Man"" translated by Rudolf Sunderström. Freeman's collation is incorrect (as he also dated the first Swedish translation of ""Origin of Species"" wrongly).Withbound is Lawrence Heap Åberg's ""Ett försök att uppvisa darwinismens öfverensstämmelse med en rationelt idealistisk verldsåskådning"" (1874). Freeman 1136‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 52355

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎O Proischozhdenii Vodov... [Russian: On the Origin of Species]. Perevel c anglijskago [translated from English by] S.A. Rachinsky. - [""THE MOST IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL BOOK EVER WRITTEN"" (FREEMAN)]‎

‎S.-Peterburg, 1864. 8vo. Bound in a beautiful half calf recent pastiche-binding with marbled papers over boards and elegant gilding to spine. End-papers renewed. Stamp to half-title, title-page and first leaf of text. First leaves evenly browned and dampstain to outer margin affecting last 50 ff. A few occassional brownspots throughout. XIV, 399, (1) pp. + 1 plate with genealogical tree (between pp. 92/93).‎

‎First edition of the first Russian translation of Darwin's ""Origin of Species"", a main reason for the widespread effect of Darwinism in Russia, where the theory met less resistance in the 1860'ies than it did in Western Europe. In Russia, Darwinism had a profound influence not only upon the different sciences, but also on philosophy, economic and political thought, and the great literature of the period. For instance, both Tolstoy and Dostoevsky referenced Darwin in their most important works, as did numerous other thinkers of the period.""In 1864, S.A. Rachinsky, professor of plant physiology at St. Petersburg University, produced the first Russian translation of the ""Origin"". Although not a masterpiece of translation art, the book sold out so quickly that in 1865 it went through a second printing. By this time Darwin's ideas were discussed not only by scientists but also by such popular writers as Dmitri Pisarev and M. A. Antinovich."" (Glick, p. 232). Rachinsky began translating the ""Origin"" in 1862 and wrote an important article on the theories presented in it, while working on the translation. This article and the translation of the ""Origin"" into Russian were responsible for the great success and rapid, widespread knowledge of Darwinian theory of evolution in Russia. ""Darwin was concerned that the ""Origin of Species"" reach naturalists across the world, but translations of that complicated work raised problems for Darwin. If he found it difficult to make the reader ""understand what is meant"" in England and America, at least in those two countries he and the reader were discussing the ""Origin of Species"" in the same language. Foreign language editions raised not only the thorny question of translating Darwinian terms, but also the problem of translators, who often thought it proper to annotate their editions to explain the ""significance"" of Darwinism. The first Russian translation of the ""Origin of Species"" (1864) appeared, however, without any comment whatever by the translator, Sergei A. Rachinsky, professor of botany at the University of Moscow. Rachinsky had begun the translation in 1862 and published an article on Darwinism while continuing work on the translation in 1863."" (Rogers, p. 485). In the year of publication of the translation, 1864, Pisarev wrote a long article in ""The Russian Word"", which purports to be a review of this translation" the critic complains about the absence of notes and commentaries by the translator. Pisarev furthermore points to several errors in the translation and to numerous infelicities of expression. Acknowledging the importance of the work, however, and of the spreading of Darwinism in Russia, he goes on in his own essay to provide a much more popular account of Darwin's theory and to impress upon his readers its revolutionary significance.Nikolai Strakhov also reviewed the translation immediately upon publication, acknowledging the effect it would have. Strakhov, however, recognized potential dangers inherent in the theory and expressed them in his review of Rachinsky's translation. He praised the work for its thoroughness and rejoiced in the evidence that man constituted the highest stage of organic development" but then he went on to argue that by moving into questions of philosophy and theology, the Darwinists were exceeding the limits of scientific evidence. Like Pisarev, Tolstoy enthusiastically embraced Darwinism. ""The first mention of Darwin in Tolstoy's literary ""Nachlass"" is found in one of the drafts to ""War and Peace"". There Darwin is listed, apparently quite favorably, among leading thinkers ""working toward new truth"" [...] Thus by the late 1860's the name of Darwin as a leading scientist was already familiar to Tolstoy and duly respected."" (McLean, p. 160). A fact which is often overlooked is that Tolstoy actually knew Rachinsky quite well. Interestingly, it was in a letter to Rachinsky, in reply to a question about the structure of ""Anna Karenina"", that Tolstoy made the famous statement (that all Tolstoy scholars and lovers know by heart): ""I am proud of the architecture - the arches are joined in such a way that you cannot discover where the keystone is"". Like Strakhov, however, Dostoevsky, acknowledging the significance of the ""Origin"", saw the dangers of the theory. In the same year as the publication of Rachinsky's translation, he lets the narrator in ""Notes from Underground"" (1864) launch his attack on Darwinism , beginning: ""As soon as they prove you, for instance, that you are descended from a monkey, then it's no use scowling, you just have to accept it.""In ""Crime and Punishment"" (two years later, 1866) the Darwinian overtones inherent in Raskolnikov's theory of the extraordinary man are unmistakable. He describes the mechanism of ""natural selection,"" where, according to the laws of nature, by the crossing of races and types, a ""genius"" would eventually emerge. In general, Darwinian themes and Darwin's name occur in many contexts in a large number of Dostoevsky's works.Freeman 748. See: James Allen Rogers: The Reception of Darwin's Origin of Species by Russian Scientists. In: Isis, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec., 1973), pp. 484-503.Thomas F. Glick: The Comparative Reception of Darwinism. 1974.Hugh McLean: In Quest of Tolstoy. 2008.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60791

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES. - FIRST DANISH EDITION OF ""THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES"".‎

‎Om Arternes Oprindelse ved Kvalitetsvalg eller ved de heldigst stillede Formers Sejr i Kampen for Tilværelsen. Efter Originalens femte Udgave oversat af J.P. Jacobsen.‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Gyldendalske Boghandel (F. Hegel), 1872. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Spine slightly rubbed. Corners a bit bumped. (10),XIII,605,(1) pp. and 1 folded plate. A few faint brownspots to the first leaves.‎

‎Scarce first Danish edition of ""On the Origin of Species"" (1859).Freeman: 643.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47264

‎"DARWIN, C. R.‎

‎Pangenesis. - [DARWIN'S FERENSE OF HIS PANGENESIS-THEORY.]‎

‎London and New York, Macmillan and Co., 1871. Royal8vo. In publisher's original red embossed cloth. In ""Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science"", Vol. 3, November 1870 - April 1871. Stamp to title-page and ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Binding with considerable wear"" spine partly disintegrated and front board bended vertically, but bookblock firmly attached. Internally fine and clean. Darwin's paper: Pp. 502-503. [Entire volume: XII, 520 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Darwin’s defense of his Pangenesis-theory. The Pangenesis theory was hypothetical mechanism for heredity, in which he proposed that each part of the body continually emitted its own type of small organic particles called gemmules that aggregated in the gonads, contributing heritable information to the gametes. He presented this 'provisional hypothesis' in his 1868 work The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, intending it to fill what he perceived as a major gap in evolutionary theory at the time. Darwin's half-cousin Francis Galton spent much time conducting wide-ranging inquiries into heredity which led him to refute Charles Darwin's hypothetical theory of pangenesis. In consultation with Darwin, he set out to see if gemmules were transported in the blood. Galton was troubled because he began the work in good faith, intending to prove Darwin right, and having praised pangenesis in Hereditary Genius in 1869. Cautiously, he criticized his cousin's theory, although qualifying his remarks by saying that Darwin's gemmules, which he called ""pangenes"", might be temporary inhabitants of the blood that his experiments had failed to pick up. In the present paper Darwin challenged the validity of Galton's experiment, giving his reasons in an article published in Nature where he wrote. “Now, in the chapter on Pangenesis in my Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, I have not said one word about the blood, or about any fluid proper to any circulating system. It is, indeed, obvious that the presence of gemmules in the blood can form no necessary part of my hypothesis" for I refer in illustration of it to the lowest animals, such as the Protozoa, which do not possess blood or any vessels" and I refer to plants in which the fluid, when present in the vessels, cannot be considered as true blood."" He goes on to admit: ""Nevertheless, when I first heard of Mr. Galton's experiments, I did not sufficiently reflect on the subject, and saw not the difficulty of believing in the presence of gemmules in the blood.” (From the present paper) The hypothesis was finally refuted in the 1900ies after Gregor Mendel's theory of the particulate nature of inheritance was accepted. The Pangenesis-theory, however, may be considered an eclectic mix of DNA, RNA, proteins and prions, and can be regarded as being one of the earliest steps toward the modern mechanism for heredity, namely DNA and RNA. Freeman 1751‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 60107

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Proiskhozhdenie chelovieska i polovoi podbor [i.e. English ""Descent of Man""]. - [FIRST TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S 'DESCENT OF MAN' INTO ANY LANGUAGE]‎

‎S.-Peterburg, Izdanie redaktsii zhurnala ""Znanie, 1871. 8vo. In recent half calf with four rasied bands and gilt lettering to spine. Soiling and damp stain to title-page. Light brownspotting throughout. (2), VII, (5), 439, (7) pp.‎

‎The exceedingly rare first Russian translation of Darwin's 'Descent of Man' published only four months after the original English. The Russian publisher was eager to have a translation published, hence this early abridged edition - two other Russian translations followed later the same year - The present translation being the very first into any language. ""The Descent of Man showed that the process of organic evolution, propelled by the struggle for existence and natural selection, applied to man no less than to the rest of the animal kingdom. It gave explicit recognition to the idea of the anthropoid origin of man. This claim surprised no one, for it was clearly hinted at in the great work of 1859 and was elaborated in Thomas Huxley's Man's Place in Nature and Vogt's Lectures on Man. Nor was it much of a surprise when three Russian translations of The Descent appeared within one year after the publication of the English original. Two general ideas represented the essence of The Descent: natural selection is not only behind the physical survival of man but also behind the evolution of cultural values"" and the differences between animal and human behavior are differences of degree rather than of kind."" (Darwin in Russian Thought) ""The Expression helped lay the foundations for a scientific study of the psychological aspect of the evolution of species. The book appeared in a Russian translation only a few months after the publication of the English original. The paleontologist Vladimir Kovalevskii was the translator, and the embryologist Aleksandr Kovalevskii was in charge of editorial tasks. In 1874 Vladimir wrote to Darwin that nearly two thousand copies of the Russian translation were sold."" "" The Expression deals much more extensively with selected aspects of human and animal behavior than with general problems of evolutionary biology. The Russian reviewers were generally impressed with Darwin's descriptions and categorizations of animal behavior. The Journal of the Ministry of Public Education was unusually profuse in praising the book's content and writing style. The reviewer commended Darwin's impartiality and avoidance of ""materialistic trappings."" Even the adherents of spiritualism could read the book, he wrote, without the least discomfort. The reviewer thought that psychologists would benefit from the information the book presented on the ""physiological"" basis of behavior. Indeed, he recommended the book to all readers interested in the scientific foundations of human behavior. The liberal journal Knowledgewas equally laudatory. It noted that the book was eminently successful on two counts: it offered a ""rational explanation"" of many expressions of human emotions, and it integrated the study of animal and human behavior into the universal process of organic evolution. In fact, no educated person could afford to ignore it.N. P. Vagner, professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at St. Petersburg University, called The Expression a book with ""great strengths and minor flaws."" The volume reminded him of Darwin's previous works, which marked ""turning points in the history of science."" The strength of the book lay much more in its suggestion of new topics for comparative-psychological research than in a presentation of a theoretically and logically integrated system of scientific thought. Insufficient exploration of the physiological underpinnings of mental activities represented the book's major shortcoming"" (Darwin in Russian Thought) In Russia Darwinism had a profound influence not only upon the different sciences, but also on philosophy, economic and political thought, and the great literature of the period. For instance, both Tolstoy and Dostoevsky referenced Darwin in their most important works, as did numerous other thinkers of the period.Like Strakhov, however, Dostoevsky, acknowledging the significance of the ""Origin of Species"", saw the dangers of the theory. In the same year as the publication of Rachinsky's translation, he lets the narrator in ""Notes from Underground"" (1864) launch his attack on Darwinism , beginning: ""As soon as they prove you, for instance, that you are descended from a monkey, then it's no use scowling, you just have to accept it.""In ""Crime and Punishment"" (two years later, 1866) the Darwinian overtones inherent in Raskolnikov's theory of the extraordinary man are unmistakable. He describes the mechanism of ""natural selection,"" where, according to the laws of nature, by the crossing of races and types, a ""genius"" would eventually emerge. In general, Darwinian themes and Darwin's name occur in many contexts in a large number of Dostoevsky's works.'Descent of Man' was transted into Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian and Swedish in Darwin's lifetime. Freeman 1107.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 56375

‎"DARWIN, CARLO [CHARLES].‎

‎Sulla struttura e distribuzione dei banchi di corallo e delle isole madreporiche. [i.e. English ""The structure and distribution of coral reefs""].‎

‎Torino, Unione Tipografico-Editrice, 1888. 8vo. In comtenporary half vellum with embossed title to spine. First quire partly detached. Occassional light brownspotting throughout. (2), 210, (4) pp. + 3 floded plates and 1 frontiespiece. This‎

‎First Italian translation of ""The structure and distribution of coral reefs"", being the first part of the three-part work ""Geology of the Voyage of the Beagle"" (Freeman 271). Only the present first part was transted into Italian.Compared to France and Spain Darwinism was quickly adopted by Italian biologist and zoologist and meet only little catholic opposition. ""The impact of Darwinism on Italian naturalists was powerful"" the logic and rigorous treatment of the problem of the origin of species as Darwin had presented it, forced zoologists and anthropologists to reconsider those passages of Lamarckisms that they had agreed to with excessive enthusiasm"". (Capanna, Darwinism and the Italian academies). The reception of Darwin's worsk in France and Spain were characterized by a strong chatolic opposition, which also had a strong suppressing effect on the spread of his ideas to academic institutions.Despite of Italy being a catholic stronghold the reception of Darwinism was very favourable and meet very limited criticism from the church:""In contrast to the power Catholicism was able to exert against Darwinism in Spain, it was practically impotent in Italy. Neither could the Italian Catholic intellectual establishment draw upon a repertory of anti-Darwinism arguments from the Italian scientific establishment, as was done in France. As in France under the Third Republic and as was the case sporadically in Spain, the advent of Darwinism in Italy provided a source of ideology for the anticlerical movement. Although Darwinism enjoyed a number of close connections with the English source, the peculiarities of the Italian situation set Darwinism in Italy apart from other situations. Italy was in the forefront in recognizing Darwin, electing him to various academies and societies and awarding him the famous Bressa Prize in 1875.""The three parts of Darwin's geological results of the Beagle voyage were separately published over a period of five years, but they were intended, and described on the title pages, as parts of one work. They were all published by Smith Elder, with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, some of the £1,000 given for the publication of the results of the voyage going towards the cost of at least the first part. Darwin notes, in May 1842, that the cost of Coral reefs was £130-140 and that 'the government money has gone much quicker than I thought'. By that date there were only two parts of the Zoology of the Beagle still to come out. Smith Elder also published the important later editions."" (Freeman)Freeman 318.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 53223

‎"DARVIN, CH´ARLZ. [CHARLES DARWIN]‎

‎Tesakneri tsagumê. t´argmanut´yune anglerenits´, rusereni ev neratsakan hodvatse K.A. Timiryazevi. [Armenian - i.e. ""Origin of Species"". Translated by K. A. Timiryazev]. - [RARE SECOND ARMENIAN TRANSLATION OF 'ORIGIN OF SPECIES']‎

‎Erevan, Hayastani Petakan Hratarakch'ut'yun, 1963. Royal8vo. In publisher's full green cloth with gilt lettering to spine and front board. Light wear to extremities, primarily affecting spine. Inner font hinge split, otherwise a fine and clean copy. 591, (1) pp. + 2 plates.‎

‎First printing of the exceedingly rare second Armenian translation of Darwin's landmark work. The first translation (translated by S. Sargsyan) was published in 1936 and both translations are of the upmost scarcity. Due to the relatively low number of people speaking Armenian (approximately 3 million in Armenia and 7 million outside) books in Armenian were printed in comparatively low numbers. This is one of the very few translations of ""Origin of Species"" of which Freeman has not listed the collation. This suggests that he never actually saw the copy but only read of it. Freeman 631.R.B. Darwin Online, F631.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 61618