‎Darwin‎

‎Ch. Darwin's gesammelte Werke. Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von J. Victor Carus.‎

‎Stuttgart, E. Schweizerbart'sche (E. Koch). 1875-1878. Autorisirte deutsche Ausgabe. Bände 1-12 (von 16). Gr. 8° (24 cm). Mit zahlr. Holzstichen sowie einem Titelporträt. XII, 596 S. / VIII, 592 S. / X, 497 S. / X, 540 S. / VIII, 432 S. / V, 446 S. / VIII, 412 S. / VIII, 344 S. / VIII, 304 S. / VIII, 459 S. / XIV, 176 S. / X, 104 S. Grüner Leineneinband der Zeit mit Goldprägung auf dem Rücken. Einbände leicht berieben. Seiten papierbedingt etwas randgilbig. Oberes Kapital von Band 2 etwas lädiert.‎

‎1. Band: Reise eines Naturforschers um die Welt. 2. Band: Über die Entstehung der Arten. 3. und 4. Band: Das Variiren der Thiere und Pflanzen. I. + II. Bd. 5. und 6. Band: Die Abstammung des Menschen. I. + II. Bd. 7. Band: Ausdruck der Gemüthsbewegungen. 8. Band: Insectenfressende Pflanzen. 9. Band, 1. Hälfte: Kletternde Pflanzen. 10. Band: Die Wirkungen der Kreuz- und Selbst-Befruchtung im Pflanzenreich. 11. Band, 1. Hälfte: Corallen-Riffe. 12. Band, 1. Abtheilung: Geologische Beobachtungen über Süd-America.‎

Bookseller reference : 22516AB

‎Charles Darwin. Sein Leben, dargestellt in einem autobiographischen Capitel und in einer ausgewählten Reihe seiner veröffentlichten Briefe. Hrsg. von seinem Sohne F. Darwin. Autor. dt. Ausg. Aus dem Engl. übers. von J. V. Carus.‎

‎Stgt., Schweizerbart 1893. VI, 386 S. Mit 1 Porträt-Taf. u. 1 Handschriften-Faksimile. Original-Kartonband‎

‎Porträt mit 2 Wasserrändern, außerhalb des Bildes. S. III-VI lose.‎

Bookseller reference : 186231-1

‎Darwin für Kinder und Erwachsene. Die ungeheure Verschiedenartigkeit der Pflanzen und Tiere. Ausgewählt von Volker Mosbrugger.‎

‎Frankfurt/M - Leipzig, Insel Verlag, (2008). 8° (22 x 13,5 cm). 115 (3) S. mit ganzseitigen farbigen Illustrationen von Hans Traxler. Original-Halbleinenband mit farbig illustriertem Vorderdeckel.‎

‎1. Auflage. Mit Personenregister. - Sehr gutes Exemplar.‎

Bookseller reference : 4617AB

‎L'ILLUSTRAZIONE ITALIANA. 30 Aprile 1882. Anno IX - N. 18.‎

‎In-4, brossura. Qualche residuo di colla al dorso, peraltro ben conservato. In questo numero: “Il naturalista Carlo Darwin”.‎

‎Leben und Briefe von Charles Darwin mit einem seine Autobiographie enthaltenden Capitel., Hg.: Francis Darwin. Bd 2 (von 3).‎

‎Stuttgart: Schweizerbart 1887. 383 S., 2 Taf. mod. Ln. *fachgerechter neuer Einband, schönes Expl.*.‎

Bookseller reference : 277630

‎The Darwin Reader. Second edition. Edited by Mark Ridley. (Reprinted).‎

‎New York: Norton. (1987).‎

‎Mit Illustrationen. XIV, 315 S. Or.-Kart. . - Einige Bleistiftanstreichungen‎

Bookseller reference : 179283 ISBN : 393969673

‎"DARVIN, CHARLZ. [CHARLES DARWIN].‎

‎Proizkhodutu na vidovetie posriedstvom estestven podbor. [i.e. Bulgarian ""Origin of Species"" + ""Autobiography""]. - [FIRST BULGARIAN TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S ORIGIN OF SPECIES]‎

‎Vidin, Lozanov and Dukemedjiev Printing House, 1905. 8vo. In a contemporary half calf binding. Two stamps to title-page and 28 stamps in margins throughout the book. Extremities with wear and soiling. A few leaves with tears. (Autobiography:) 67, (2), [Origin of Speicies:] 595, (5) pp. + frontiespiece of Darwin. Genealogical tree included in the pagination on p. 133.‎

‎Rare first Bulgarian translation of Darwin's Origin of Species prefixed by his Autobiography, translated from the sixth London edition by M. Fiampova and I. H. A Timiryazova. Freeman lists the first Bulgarian translation of Origin of Species to be published in 1946. Darwin-Online states that: ""I have found very little information on this translation or the associated names. It is a rare book, with no copies located in OCLC, KVK, or EL"" however NALIS finds two, at the Bulgarian Central Medical Library and the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences."". Notice, however, OCLC list two copies. OCLC list two copies: The Thomas Fisher Library, Toronto and University Library of Oklahoma. Freeman F1986‎

Bookseller reference : 57282

‎"DARVINAS, CARLZAS [CHARLES DARWIN].‎

‎Rusio Atsiradimas Naturaliosios Atrankos Budu. [i.e. Lithuanian ""Origin of Species""]. - [FIRST LITHUANIAN TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S 'ORIGIN OF SPECIES' AND 'AUTOBIOGRAPHY']‎

‎Vilnjus, [State Publishing House], 1959. 8vo. In publisher's full fabrikoid with gilt lettering to spine and front board. Small stamp on pasted down front end-paper. A fine copy. (3), 589 pp + frontiespiece of Darwin. (genealogical tree included in the pagination on p. 184).‎

‎Rare first Lithuanian translation of Darwin's Origin of Species and his Autobiography. In 1921 a small extract from Voyage of the Beagle was translated and in 1938-39 extracts from Descent of Man was published. ""Thus far the largest of Darwin's works translated into Lithuanian is [the present]. The book contains a translation of Darwin's Origin of Species. The volume also contains Tadas Ivanauskas's Foreword to the Lithuanian translation, Kliment A. Timiriazev's article (Effect of the Darwinian revolution on the natural sciences of today), translated from the author's article in the Russian edition of the Origin of Species and Darwin's Autobiography. The publication also contains Vytautas Kauneckas's Explanations, providing the main information about the persons mentioned in the book and definitions of rearer terms."" (The Reception of Charles Darwin in Europe, Vol. 2).Freeman 738 & 1527.‎

Bookseller reference : 57117

‎"DARWIN, C. [CHARLES].‎

‎I movimenti e le abitudini delle piante rampicanti. Traduzione italiana col consenso dell'autore per cura di Giovanni Canestrini.‎

‎Torino, Unione Tipografico-Editrice, 1878. Large8vo. In recent cardboard wrappers. Occassional light brownspotting, especially to the first and last few leaves. Otherwise fine. 127 pp.‎

‎First Italian translation of Darwin's ""On the movement and habits of climbing plants"". The paper was first published in 1865 in the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London (Freeman 833), later same year it was corrected and published in book form (from which the present translation is made) (Freeman 1834) Darwin described the origins and writing of this book in his autobiography: ""In the autumn of 1864 I finished a long paper on Climbing Plants, and sent it to the Linnean Society. The writing of this paper cost me four months: but I was so unwell when I received the proof-sheets that I was forced to leave them very badly and often obscurely expressed. The paper was little noticed, but when in 1875 it was corrected and published as aseparate book it sold well. I was led to take up this subject by reading a short paper by Asa Gray, published in 1858, on the movements of the tendrils of a Cucurbitacean plant. He sent me seeds, and on raising some plants I was so much fascinated and perplexed by the revolving movements of the tendrils and stems, which movements are really very simple, though appearing at first very complex, that I procured various other kinds of Climbing Plants, and studied the whole subject. I was all the more attracted to it, from not being at all satisfied with the explanation which Henslow gave us in his Lectures, about Twining plants, namely, that they had a natural tendency to grow up in a spire. This explanation proved quite erroneous. Some of the adaptations displayed by climbing plants are as beautiful as those by Orchids for ensuring cross-fertilisation.""The first edition did not appear in America, nor was it translated in Darwin's lifetime, but has a recent facsimile. The second appeared in French, German and Italian and in America from English stereos.Freeman 863.‎

Bookseller reference : 53228

‎"DARWIN, C. R.‎

‎A new view of Darwinism.‎

‎London and New York, Macmillan and Co., 1871. Royal8vo. In publisher's original red embossed cloth. In ""Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science"", Vol. 4, April-October 1871. Stamp to title-page and p. 1 and ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Binding with wear and light soiling, spine partly detached with a 7 cm long tear to rear hindge. Internally fine and clean. Darwin's paper: Pp.180-181. [Entire volume: XII, 520 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Darwin’s short notice to Henry Hoyle Howorth (1842-1923), geologist and naturalist. F1754‎

Bookseller reference : 60108

‎"DARWIN, C. R.‎

‎Pangenesis. - [DARWIN'S FERENSE OF HIS PANGENESIS-THEORY.]‎

‎London and New York, Macmillan and Co., 1871. Royal8vo. In publisher's original red embossed cloth. In ""Nature. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science"", Vol. 3, November 1870 - April 1871. Stamp to title-page and ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Binding with considerable wear"" spine partly disintegrated and front board bended vertically, but bookblock firmly attached. Internally fine and clean. Darwin's paper: Pp. 502-503. [Entire volume: XII, 520 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Darwin’s defense of his Pangenesis-theory. The Pangenesis theory was hypothetical mechanism for heredity, in which he proposed that each part of the body continually emitted its own type of small organic particles called gemmules that aggregated in the gonads, contributing heritable information to the gametes. He presented this 'provisional hypothesis' in his 1868 work The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, intending it to fill what he perceived as a major gap in evolutionary theory at the time. Darwin's half-cousin Francis Galton spent much time conducting wide-ranging inquiries into heredity which led him to refute Charles Darwin's hypothetical theory of pangenesis. In consultation with Darwin, he set out to see if gemmules were transported in the blood. Galton was troubled because he began the work in good faith, intending to prove Darwin right, and having praised pangenesis in Hereditary Genius in 1869. Cautiously, he criticized his cousin's theory, although qualifying his remarks by saying that Darwin's gemmules, which he called ""pangenes"", might be temporary inhabitants of the blood that his experiments had failed to pick up. In the present paper Darwin challenged the validity of Galton's experiment, giving his reasons in an article published in Nature where he wrote. “Now, in the chapter on Pangenesis in my Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, I have not said one word about the blood, or about any fluid proper to any circulating system. It is, indeed, obvious that the presence of gemmules in the blood can form no necessary part of my hypothesis" for I refer in illustration of it to the lowest animals, such as the Protozoa, which do not possess blood or any vessels" and I refer to plants in which the fluid, when present in the vessels, cannot be considered as true blood."" He goes on to admit: ""Nevertheless, when I first heard of Mr. Galton's experiments, I did not sufficiently reflect on the subject, and saw not the difficulty of believing in the presence of gemmules in the blood.” (From the present paper) The hypothesis was finally refuted in the 1900ies after Gregor Mendel's theory of the particulate nature of inheritance was accepted. The Pangenesis-theory, however, may be considered an eclectic mix of DNA, RNA, proteins and prions, and can be regarded as being one of the earliest steps toward the modern mechanism for heredity, namely DNA and RNA. Freeman 1751‎

Bookseller reference : 60107

‎"DARWIN, CARLO (CHARLES).‎

‎Sull'Origine delle Specie per Elezione Naturale ovvero Conservazione delle Razze perfezionate nella Lotto per L'Esistenza. Prima Traduzione Italiana col Consenso dell' Autore per Cura di G. Canestrini e L. Salimbeni. - [FIRST ITALIAN TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S ""ORIGIN OF SPECIES""]‎

‎Modena, Nicola Zanichelli e. Soci, 1864. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with four raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. Reinforced in inner margins and plate with waterstains to lower margin. An unusually fine and well preserved copy, internally as well as externally. XV, 403 pp + 1 plate.‎

‎Rare first edition of the first Italian translation of Darwin's seminal ""Origin of Species"", quite unusually, authorized by Darwin himself. The work was very well received and - compared to France and Spain - Darwinism was quickly adopted by Italian biologist and zoologist and meet only little catholic opposition. ""The impact of Darwinism on Italian naturalists was powerful"" the logic and rigorous treatment of the problem of the origin of species as Darwin had presented it, forced zoologists and anthropologists to reconsider those passages of Lamarckisms that they had agreed to with excessive enthusiasm"". (Capanna, Darwinism and the Italian academies). The reception of Darwin's work in France (1862) and Spain (1877) were characterized by a strong chatolic opposition, which also had a strong suppressing effect on the spread of his ideas to academic institutions.Despite of Italy being a catholic stronghold the reception of Darwinism was very favourable and meet very limited criticism from the church:""In contrast to the power Catholicism was able to exert against Darwinism in Spain, it was practically impotent in Italy. Neither could the Italian Catholic intellectual establishment draw upon a repertory of anti-Darwinism arguments from the Italian scientific establishment, as was done in France. As in France under the Third Republic and as was the case sporadically in Spain, the advent of Darwinism in Italy provided a source of ideology for the anticlerical movement. Although Darwinism enjoyed a number of close connections with the English source, the peculiarities of the Italian situation set Darwinism in Italy apart from other situations. Italy was in the forefront in recognizing Darwin, electing him to various academies and societies and awarding him the famous Bressa Prize in 1875. In Italy the translation of the Origin ""1864"" was given an impeccable scientific presentation by Giocanni Canestrini and Leonardo Salimbeni, which avoided the type of situation that arose from the presentation of Darwinism in France by Clémence Royer as a new scientific basis for a secularistic Weltanschauung. As a general explanation, of course, it is reasonable to accept Cermenati's arguments that the favorable receptivity of the scientific community and the general indifference to ecclesiastical objections to Darwinism are the chief factors explaining the quick spread of Darwinism in Italy"". (Glick, The Comparative Reception of Darwinism).Emma Darwin, Darwin's wife, wrote publisher John Murry on the 17th of December: ""Mr Darwin desires me to say that as you have never hesitated to authorize a foreign translation he has taken upon himself to authorise a translation into Italian without consulting you."" When Darwin was informed that his work was being translated into Italian he wrote to his close friend J. D. Hooker: ""There is an Italian Edit. of Origin preparing!!! This makes fifth foreign Edit, ie in five foreign countries. Owen will not be right in telling Longmans that Book wd be utterly forgotten in ten years. Hurrah!"".Freeman no. 706‎

Bookseller reference : 55760

‎"DARWIN, CARLO [CHARLES].‎

‎Viaggio di un naturalista Intorno al Mondo. [i.e. English ""Journal of Researches"" or ""Voyage of the Beagle""]. - [FIRST ITALIAN TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S 'JOURNAL OF RESEARCHES']‎

‎Torino, Tipografico-Editrice Torinese, (1872). Large8vo. In publisher's original full green cloth. Embossed title with gilt lettering to spine and front board. Corners of binding bumped and lower part of back hindge with a small tear. An overall very fine and clean copy. (2), 464 pp.‎

‎First Italian translation of Darwin's Journal of researches, now known as Voyage of the Beagle, being his first published book. As Darwin later recalled in his autobiography 'The voyage of the Beagle has been by far the most important event in my life and has determined my whole career'. ""On its first appearance in its own right, also in 1839, it was called Journal of researches into the geology and natural history etc. The second edition, of 1845, transposes 'geology' and 'natural history' to read Journal of researches into the natural history and geology etc., and the spine title is Naturalist's voyage. The final definitive text of 1860 has the same wording on the title page, but the spine readsNaturalist's voyage round the world, and the fourteenth thousand of 1879 places A naturalist's voyage on the title page. The voyage of the Beagle first appears as a title in the Harmsworth Library edition of 1905. It is a bad title: she was only a floating home for Darwin, on which, in spite of good companionship, he was cramped and miserably sea-sick"" whilst the book is almost entirely about his expeditions on land."" (Freeman)The first edition appeared in German in 1844, at the instigation of Baron von Humboldt, and the second in Danish, French, German, Italian, Russian and Swedish, in Darwin's lifetimeFreeman 211‎

Bookseller reference : 53225

‎"DARWIN, CH. (CHARLES).‎

‎De L'Origine des Espèces ou des Lois du Progrès chez les Étres organisés par Ch. Darwin. Traduit en francais sur le troisieme Édition avec l'autorisation de l'Auteur par Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Avec une Preface et des Notes du Traducteur. - [FIRST FRENCH EDITION OF THE ""ORIGIN""]‎

‎Paris, Guillaumin et Cie, Victor Masson et Fils, 1862. 8vo. Bound uncut and with the original printed front wrapper (expertly restored) in a very fine later half morocco binding with four raised bands and gilt title to spine. Very light minor brownspotting to a few pages. An exceptionally nice, clean, and attractive copy. LXIV (incl. half-title), I-XXIII + (24-) 712. pp. and 1 folded plate (between pp.160 a. 161). Fully complete.‎

‎The scarce first French edition of Darwin's masterpiece, one of the most important books ever printed. The ""Origin"" started the greatest of all intellectual revolutions in the history of Mankind.There were some difficulties with the first French edition. Mlle Royer, who Darwin described as 'one of the cleverest and oddest women in Europe' and wished 'had known more of natural history', added her own footnotes. He was not really happy until the third translation by Éduard Barbier appeared in 1876. (Freeman). Freeman No 655 (Freeman does not mention the plate, which is present here).‎

Bookseller reference : 50871

‎"DARWIN, CH. (CHARLES).‎

‎De L'Origine des Espèces ou des Lois du Progrès chez les Étres organisés par Ch. Darwin. Traduit en francais sur le troisieme Édition avec l'autorisation de l'Auteur par Mlle Clémence-Auguste Royer. Avec une Preface et des Notes du Traducteur. - [FIRST FRENCH EDITION OF THE ""ORIGIN""]‎

‎Paris, Guillaumin et Cie, Victor Masson et Fils, 1862. 8vo. Bound partly uncut with the original wrappers in a very nice later full calf pastiche binding with four raised band and richly gilt spine. Gilt boarders to boards. Small repair to upper right corner of title-page, not affecting text. An exceptionally fine and clean copy. LXIV (incl. half-title), I-XXIII + (24-) 712. pp. and 1 folded plate (between pp.160 a. 161).‎

‎The scarce first edition of the controversial first French translation - bound partly uncut and with the original wrappers - of Darwin's masterpiece, one of the most important books ever printed. This famed translation - done by self-taught female scholar - ended up causing quite a stir and adding to the theory of evolution some for Darwin quite unforeseen interpretations. Because of this, the translator, Clémence Royer, gained notoriety as one of the leading eugenicists of the time. Darwin was very eager to have his work published in French. It is not known exactly how he happened on Royer as the translator, but as she was familiar with the works of Lamarck and Malthus, immediately realized the importance of Darwin's work and also had close connections to the French publisher Guillaumin, she must have seemed perfect for the job. She had a naturalist help her with the biologically technical parts and made an excellent job of the translation. There was one big problem, however - she went well beyond her role as a translator and added a 60-page preface and numerous explanatory footnotes that Darwin had not seen before publication. In the preface, she challenged the belief in religious revelation, she discussed the application of natural selection to the human race, and she presented a pure eugenic theory, explaining the negative consequences of protecting the weak and the infirm. She also promoted her concept of progressive evolution, which had more in common with the ideas of Lamarck than with those of Darwin. Right after having seen the translation, Darwin wrote in a letter to the American botanist, Asa Gray: ""I received 2 or 3 days ago a French translation of the Origin by a Madelle. Royer, who must be one of the cleverest & oddest women in Europe: is ardent deist & hates Christianity, & declares that natural selection & the struggle for life will explain all morality, nature of man, politicks &c &c!!!. She makes some very curious & good hits, & says she shall publish a book on these subjects, & a strange production it will be.""After some reflection, however, Darwin began having more serious doubts, and about a month later he wrote to the French zoologist Armand de Quatrefages: ""I wish the translator had known more of Natural History" she must be a clever, but singular lady" but I never heard of her, till she proposed to translate my book."" He had now also read the footnotes and wrote to Joseph Hooker: ""Almost everywhere in Origin, when I express great doubt, she appends a note explaining the difficulty or saying that there is none whatever!! It is really curious to know what conceited people there are in the world.""Freeman No 655 (Freeman does not mention the plate, which is present here).‎

Bookseller reference : 55642

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES (+) ASAJIRO OKA [translated and revised by).‎

‎Shu no Kigen: Seizon Kyoso Tekisha Seizon no Genri (i.e. English: ""Origin of Species""]. - [THE MOST INFLUENTIAL JAPANESE TRANSLATION OF 'ORIGIN OF SPECIES']‎

‎Tokyo, Tokyo Kaiseikan, Meiji 38 [1905]. 8vo. In the original full bloth cloth with gilt letteing (in both Japanese and Latin characters). Light occassional brownspotting, otherwise a fine copy. 4, 894, 28, 12 pp. + frontispiece and folded plate with genealogical tree.‎

‎Rare second translation, and arguably the most important, of the Japanese translation of Darwin's ""Origin of Species"" (the first being from 1896 and only published once). This is the first translation to be made by a professional biologist. The previous translation (""Seibutsu Shigen"") was made by a law student which presumably was a contributing factor to the fact that the work primarily was embraced by social thinkers, philosophers and politicians to advocate the superiority of Japanese culture and society (and military) and not by biologist and zoologist. With the present translation Darwin's ideas and theories were finally properly introduced to the people they were intended for: biologist and zoologist. The popularity of Darwin's works and theories became immensly popular in Japan: ""Curiously, there are more versions of ""The Origin"" in Japanese than in any other language. The earliest were literary, with subsequent translations becoming more scientific as the Japanese developed a technical language for biology."" (Glick, The Comparatice Reception of Darwinism, P. XXII).""It was as if Darwin's famous oceanic journey and the meticulous research into the animal and plant kingdoms that he spent his life undertaking had all been staged as an elaborate excuse for composing a theory whose true object was Victorian society and the fate of the world's modern nations."" (Golley, Darwinism in Japan: The Birth of Ecology).Darwin's work had in Japan - as in the rest of the world - profound influence on the academic disciplines of zoology and biology, however, in Japan the most immediate influence was not on these subjects but on social thinkers: ""[...] it exerted great influence on Japanese social thinkers and social activists. After learning of Darwin's theory, Hiroyuki Kato, the first president of Tokyo Imperial University, published his New Theory of Human Rights and advocated social evolution theory (social Darwinism), emphasizing the inevitable struggle for existence in human society. He criticized the burgeoning Freedom and People's right movement. Conversely Siusui Kautoku, a socialist and Japanese translator of the Communist Manifesto, wrote articles on Darwinism, such as ""Darwin and Marx"" (1904). In this and other articles, he criticized kato's theory on Social Darwinism, insisting that Darwinism does not contradict socialism. The well known anarchist, Sakae Osugi published the third translation of On the Origin of Species in 1914, and later his translation of peter Kropotokin's Mutial Aid: A Factor of Evolution. Osugi spread the idea of mutual aid as the philosophical base of Anarcho-syndicalism."" (Tsuyoshi, The Japanese Lysenkoism and its Historical Backgrounds, p. 9) ""Charles Darwin's theory of evolution was introduced to Japan in 1877 (Morse 1936/1877) during Japan's push to gain military modernity through study of western sciences and technologies and the culture from which they had arisen. In the ensuing decades the theory of evolution was applied as a kind of social scientific tool, i.e. social Spencerism (or social Darwinism) (Sakura 1998:341"" Unoura 1999). Sakura (1998) suggests that the theory of evolution did not have much biological application in Japan. Instead, Japanese applied the idea of 'the survival of the fittest' (which was a misreading of Darwin's natural selection theory) to society and to individuals in the struggle for existence in Japan's new international circumstances (see also Gluck 1985: 13, 265).However, at least by the second decade of the 1900s, and by the time that Imanishi Kinji entered the Kyoto Imperial University, the curricula in the natural and earth sciences were largely based on German language sources and later on English language texts. These exposed students to something very different from a social Darwinist approach in these sciences. New sources that allow us to follow"" (ASQUITH, Sources for Imanishi Kinji's views of sociality and evolutionary outcomes, p. 1).""After 1895, the year of China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, Spencer's slogan ""the survival of the fittest"" entered Chinese and Japanese writings as ""the superior win, the inferior lose."" Concerned with evolutionary theory in terms of the survival of China, rather than the origin of species, Chinese intellectuals saw the issue as a complex problem involving the evolution of institutions, ideas, and attitudes. Indeed, they concluded that the secret source of Western power and the rise of Japan was their mutual belief in modern science and the theory of evolutionary progress. According to Japanese scholars, traditional Japanese culture was not congenial to Weastern science because the Japanese view of the relationship between the human world and the divine world was totally different from that of Western philosophers. Japanese philosophers envisioned a harmonious relationship between heaven and earth, rather than conflict. Traditionally, nature was something to be seen through the eyes of a poet, rather than as the passive object of scientific investigations. The traditional Japanese vision of harmony in nature might have been uncongenial to a theory based on natural selection, but Darwinism was eagerly adopted by Japanese thinkers, who saw it as a scientific retionalization for Japan's intense efforts to become a modernized military and industial power. Whereas European and American scientists and theologians became embroiled in disputes about the evolutionary relationship between humans and other animals, Japanese debates about the meaning of Darwinism primarily dealt with the national and international implications of natural selection and the struggle for survival. Late nineteenth-century Japanese commentators were likely to refer to Darwinism as an ""eternal and unchangeable natural law"" that justified militaristic nationalism directed by supposedly superior elites"". (Magner, A History of the Life Sciences, Revised and Expanded, p. 349)""Between 1877 and 1888, only four works on the subject of biological evolution were published in Japan. During these same eleven years, by contrast, at least twenty Japanese translations of Herbert Spencer's loosely ""Darwinian"" social theories made their appearance. The social sciences dominated the subject, and when Darwin's original The Origin of Species (Seibutsu shigen) finally appeared in translation in 1896, it was published by a press specializing in economics. It is not surprising then that by the early 20th century, when Darwin's work began to make an impact as a biological rather than a ""social"" theory, the terms ""evolution"" (shinka), ""the struggle for existence"" (seizon kyôsô), and ""survival of the fittest"" (tekisha seizon) had been indelibly marked as social and political principles. It was as if Darwin's famous oceanic journey and the meticulous research into the animal and plant kingdoms that he spent his life undertaking had all been staged as an elaborate excuse for composing a theory whose true object was Victorian society and the fate of the world's modern nations."" (Golley, Darwinism in Japan: The Birth of Ecology).Freeman 719‎

Bookseller reference : 55802

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎A fajok eredete a természeti kiválás útján vagyis az elonyös válfajok fenmaradása a létérti küzdelemben. [Hungarian - i.e. On the Origin of Species... Translated by Dapsy László and revised by Margó Tivadar]. 2 vols. - [THE FIRST HUNGARIAN ""ORIGIN OF SPECIES""]‎

‎Budapest, Kiadja a Természettudományi Társulat [Academy of Sciences], 1873 & 1874. 8vo. In two contemporary embossed full cloth bindings with gilt letter- and numbering to spine. Bindings with light wear, primarily affecting hindges. Previous owner's stamp to half title and title page in both volumes. Light occassional brownspotting, primarily affecting first and last leaves. An overall nice copy. XVI, (2), 303, (1)"" VII, (1), 361, (1) pp. + 1 leaf of Advertisement + 2 plates (A frontiespiece of Darwin and one listing the evolution of the different generations).‎

‎The exceedingly rare first Hungarian translation of Darwin's ""Origin of Species"". Together with the Serbian and the Spanish, the first Hungarian translation of the ""Origin"" is arguably the scarcest of all the translations of the work and very few copies of it are known. The Hungarian public was introduced to Darwinism early on when Ferenc Jánosi reviewed The Origin of Species in the Budapesti Szemle (Budapest Review) half a year after it first appeared in English. Darwin's principal works were first published in Hungarian translation by the Royal Hungarian Natural Science Society (Királyi Magyar Természettudományi Társulat). Translator Dapsy László had been actively working to make Darwin and his idea known in Hungary. Through his articles, he consistently presented Darwinism as a possible model for the type of progressive society that Hungary should attempt to achieve, thus being one of the very earliest to apply Darwin's theories to human society and politics in general. ""Dapsy's translation, inspired by liberal ideals of progress, increasingly became part of the conservative discourse of Hungarian politics, reinterpreted and appropriated according to the nationalist agendas merging in Hungarian Society"". (Mund, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Nineteenth-Century Hungarian Society).Prior to his translation in 1872, Dapsy wrote Darwin: ""I am sorry to say that as yet, here such tendencies are received with a good deal of aversion, but I believe that by-and-by they will accept it, and it would be a great advancement for our political life too"". (Dapsy to Darwin, 12 June 1872). Darwin's response is not known. ""It is characteristic of the enlightened spirit of the country in this period that Darwin received academic recognition earlier in Hungary than in England. Although Cambridge did not honor Darwin until 1879, he was elected an honorary member of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1872, the same year on this occasion the renowned Hungarian zoologist Tivadar Margó visited him at Down.Historical circumstances played a major role in this quick appearance of Darwinism and its popularity in Hungary. The failure of the 1848-49 revolution and war of independence seemingly put an end to progressive political discourse, signaling an ideological crisis among the intelligentsia. In this context, the natural sciences with their 'eternal truths' promised a way out, inasmuch as science's promised objectivity might well serve as a politically neutral expression of progressive values"" (Mund, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Nineteenth-Century Hungarian Society).The present book was one of four scientific works published between 1872 and 1874 by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the others being Bernhard von Cotta's Geologie der Gegenwart (1865), Huxley's Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy (1864), and Tyndall's Heat Considered as a Mode of Motion (1863). An advertisement for these books occurs on the final leaf of vol. II.During Darwin's lifetime, 'Origin' was published in eleven different languages, some of them in more than one edition: The first foreign translation was the German (1860), followed by a Dutch (1860), French (1862), French (1862), Italian (1864), Russian (1864), Swedish (1869), Danish (1872), Hungarian (1873), Spanish (1877) and Serbian (1878), the last three by far being the rarest. OCLC locates only three complete copies: Paris Mazarin Library, University Library of Szeged and The Huntington Library, CA. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin only hold volume 1. Freeman 703.‎

Bookseller reference : 60158

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Brief Descriptions of several Terrestrial Planariae, and of some remarkable Marine Species, with an Account of their Habits. - [DARWIN’S FIRST PUBLICATION ON TAXONOMY]‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1844. 8vo. In a nice later half morocco binding with five raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. Blind stamped to upper outer corner of first leaf of table of contents. In ""The Annals and Magazine of Natural History"", volume 14. A very fine and clean copy. [Darwin's paper] pp. pp. 241-251.. [Entire volume:] vii, [1] - 472 + 12 plates.‎

‎First edition of Darwin's paper on flatworms collected by him during the Beagle voyage, one of the important early papers by Darwin on invertebrates originally intended for publication in The Zoology of the Voyage of HMS Beagle. This is Darwin's first publication on taxonomy: illustrated with a plate drawn by Darwin, it describes a new genus and 15 new species of flatworm. Extremely rare on the market.""The paper on flatworms [...] was Darwin's first venture into taxonomy. In it, he described a new genus and 15 new species"" most of the latter are still recognised as valid. He took a great deal of interest in these animals, making extensive notes on their morphology and behaviour"" (Porter, Darwin's Sciences).Previously familiar only with marine species, Darwin was astounded to discover two new species of flatworm living on dry land in Brazil. He was intrigued by their close resemblance to snails, and evolutionary questions may well lie behind his strong interest in them. PROVENANCE: From the collection William Pickett Harris, Jr. (1897 - 1972) (pencil note on p. iii). American investment banker and biologist. Following a career in banking, Harris was appointed Associate Curator of the Museum of Zoology at the University of Michigan in 1928. ""[Harris] played a highly important role in developing mammalogy and systematic collections of mammals at the University of Michigan"" (Hooper p. 923).Freeman 1669‎

Bookseller reference : 56991

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎De La Variation des animaux et des plantes sous l' action de la domestication. 2 vols. [i.e. French: ""The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication""].‎

‎Paris, C. Reinwald, 1868 8vo. 2 volumes, both uncut (and volume 2 unopened) in publisher's green embossed full cloth with gilt lettering to spines. Light wear to capitals. Previous owner's name to half titles in both volumes. Light occassional brownspotting throughtout. A fine copy. XVI, 444, (1), 17 pp" (4), 531, (6) pp.‎

Bookseller reference : 59991

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Het Uitdrukken der Gemoedsaandoeningen bij den Mensch en de Dieren. [i.e.: ""The Expression of the Emotions in Man""]. - [FIRST DUTCH TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S ""THE EXPRESSION OF THE EMOTIONS IN MAN""]‎

‎The Hague, Joh. Ykema, 1873. 8vo. In the original publisher's embossed full red cloth with gilt lettering to front board and spine. Previous owner's name to front end-paper and traces after a stamp to lower part of title-page. Spine with a bit of wear, otherwise a fine and clean copy. IX, (1), 435 pp.‎

‎The rare first Dutch translation of Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man published the year after the original. The Expression of the Emotions ""is an important member of the evolutionary set, and it was written, in part at least, as a confutation of the idea that the facial muscles of expression in man were a special endowment."" (Freeman p. 142). Darwin concluded that ""the chief expressive actions exhibited by man and by the lower animals are now innate or inherited.""Freeman 1182.‎

Bookseller reference : 51711

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Jinsoron (i.e. Japanese ""On the Ancestor(s) of Man"", Translated by Kozu Senzaburo, original title: ""Descent of Man""). 3 vols. - [FIRST TRANSLATION OF DARWIN INTO JAPANESE]‎

‎Tokyo, Ichibe Yamanaka., Meiji 14. (1881). 8vo. 3 volumes, all in the contemporary (original?) yellow wrappers (Traditional Fukuro Toji binding/wrappers). Extremities with wear and with light soiling, promarily affecting vol. 1. Title in brush and ink to text-block foot. A few ex-ownership stamps. Folding plate with repair. A fine set. 46 ff" 70 ff. + 9 plates of which 1 is folded" 72 ff. ""Vol. I contains prefaces to 1st and 2d editions of Descent of man Nos 936 & 944"" vol. II contains chapter 1 and vol. III chapter 2. All published, intended to form 9 vols containing chapters 1-7 and 21."" (Darwin-Online).‎

‎The exceedingly rare first translation of Darwin's Descent of Man and the first (partial) translation of Origin of Species, constituting the very first translation of any of Darwin's work into Japanese and, arguably, being the most influential - albeit in a different way than could be expected - of all Darwin-translations. ""The first translation of a book by Darwin was published in 1881: a translation of The Descent of Man, titled as Jinsoron (On the Ancestor(s) of Man"" Darwin 1881). The translator was a scholar of education, Kozu Senzaburo (...). In spite of its title, the book was actually a hybrid, which included a mixture of chapters of the Descent (namely, chapters 1-7 and 21) together with other texts: the Historical Sketch that Darwin appended to the third edition of the Origin (1861), and some sections taken from Thomas Huxley's Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature (Kaneko 2000). So this book can also be described as the first publication including a partial translation of a text from the Origin"" (Taizo, Translating ""natural selection"" in Japanese: from ""shizen tota"" to ""shizen sentaku"", and back?)Darwin's theories had a profound influence on Japan and Japanese culture but in a slightly different way than in the West: Darwinism was marked as social and political principles primarily embraced by social thinkers, philosophers and politicians to advocate the superiority of Japanese culture and society (and military) and not by biologist and zoologist. ""It was as if Darwin's famous oceanic journey and the meticulous research into the animal and plant kingdoms that he spent his life undertaking had all been staged as an elaborate excuse for composing a theory whose true object was Victorian society and the fate of the world's modern nations."" (Golley, Darwinism in Japan: The Birth of Ecology).The popularity of Darwin's works and theories became immensly popular in Japan: ""Curiously, there are more versions of ""The Origin"" in Japanese than in any other language. The earliest were literary, with subsequent translations becoming more scientific as the Japanese developed a technical language for biology."" (Glick, The Comparatice Reception of Darwinism, P. XXII)Darwin's work had in Japan - as in the rest of the world - profound influence on the academic disciplines of zoology and biology, however, in Japan the most immediate influence was not on these subjects but on social thinkers: ""[...] it exerted great influence on Japanese social thinkers and social activists. After learning of Darwin's theory, Hiroyuki Kato, the first president of Tokyo Imperial University, published his New Theory of Human Rights and advocated social evolution theory (social Darwinism), emphasizing the inevitable struggle for existence in human society. He criticized the burgeoning Freedom and People's right movement. Conversely Siusui Kautoku, a socialist and Japanese translator of the Communist Manifesto, wrote articles on Darwinism, such as ""Darwin and Marx"" (1904). In this and other articles, he criticized kato's theory on Social Darwinism, insisting that Darwinism does not contradict socialism. The well known anarchist, Sakae Osugi published the third translation of On the Origin of Species in 1914, and later his translation of peter Kropotokin's Mutial Aid: A Factor of Evolution. Osugi spread the idea of mutual aid as the philosophical base of Anarcho-syndicalism."" (Tsuyoshi, The Japanese Lysenkoism and its Historical Backgrounds, p. 9) ""Charles Darwin's theory of evolution was introduced to Japan in 1877 (Morse 1936/1877) during Japan's push to gain military modernity through study of western sciences and technologies and the culture from which they had arisen. In the ensuing decades the theory of evolution was applied as a kind of social scientific tool, i.e. social Spencerism (or social Darwinism) (Sakura 1998:341"" Unoura 1999). Sakura (1998) suggests that the theory of evolution did not have much biological application in Japan. Instead, Japanese applied the idea of 'the survival of the fittest' (which was a misreading of Darwin's natural selection theory) to society and to individuals in the struggle for existence in Japan's new international circumstances (see also Gluck 1985: 13, 265).However, at least by the second decade of the 1900s, and by the time that Imanishi Kinji entered the Kyoto Imperial University, the curricula in the natural and earth sciences were largely based on German language sources and later on English language texts. These exposed students to something very different from a social Darwinist approach in these sciences. New sources that allow us to follow"" (ASQUITH, Sources for Imanishi Kinji's views of sociality and evolutionary outcomes, p. 1).""After 1895, the year of China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, Spencer's slogan ""the survival of the fittest"" entered Chinese and Japanese writings as ""the superior win, the inferior lose."" Concerned with evolutionary theory in terms of the survival of China, rather than the origin of species, Chinese intellectuals saw the issue as a complex problem involving the evolution of institutions, ideas, and attitudes. Indeed, they concluded that the secret source of Western power and the rise of Japan was their mutual belief in modern science and the theory of evolutionary progress. According to Japanese scholars, traditional Japanese culture was not congenial to Weastern science because the Japanese view of the relationship between the human world and the divine world was totally different from that of Western philosophers. Japanese philosophers envisioned a harmonious relationship between heaven and earth, rather than conflict. Traditionally, nature was something to be seen through the eyes of a poet, rather than as the passive object of scientific investigations. The traditional Japanese vision of harmony in nature might have been uncongenial to a theory based on natural selection, but Darwinism was eagerly adopted by Japanese thinkers, who saw it as a scientific retionalization for Japan's intense efforts to become a modernized military and industial power. Whereas European and American scientists and theologians became embroiled in disputes about the evolutionary relationship between humans and other animals, Japanese debates about the meaning of Darwinism primarily dealt with the national and international implications of natural selection and the struggle for survival. Late nineteenth-century Japanese commentators were likely to refer to Darwinism as an ""eternal and unchangeable natural law"" that justified militaristic nationalism directed by supposedly superior elites"". (Magner, A History of the Life Sciences, Revised and Expanded, p. 349)""Between 1877 and 1888, only four works on the subject of biological evolution were published in Japan. During these same eleven years, by contrast, at least twenty Japanese translations of Herbert Spencer's loosely ""Darwinian"" social theories made their appearance. The social sciences dominated the subject, and when Darwin's original The Origin of Species (Seibutsu shigen) finally appeared in translation in 1896, it was published by a press specializing in economics. It is not surprising then that by the early 20th century, when Darwin's work began to make an impact as a biological rather than a ""social"" theory, the terms ""evolution"" (shinka), ""the struggle for existence"" (seizon kyôsô), and ""survival of the fittest"" (tekisha seizon) had been indelibly marked as social and political principles. It was as if Darwin's famous oceanic journey and the meticulous research into the animal and plant kingdoms that he spent his life undertaking had all been staged as an elaborate excuse for composing a theory whose true object was Victorian society and the fate of the world's modern nations."" (Golley, Darwinism in Japan: The Birth of Ecology).Freeman 1099c‎

Bookseller reference : 60016

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Lajien synty luonnollisen valinnan kautta eli luonnon suosimien rotujen säilyminen taistelussa olemassaolosta. (i.e. English: ""Origin of Species""). - [RARE FIRST FINNISH TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S 'ORIGIN OF SPECIES']‎

‎Hämeenlinna, Karisto, 1913. Large8vo. In contemporary half calf (original?) with gilt lettering to spine and embossed lettering to back board. Light wear and a few scratches to extremities. Previous owner's name to front free end-paper. Internally fine and clean. XVI, 621, (1) pp. + frontiespiece of Darwin.‎

‎Rare first Finnish translation of Darwin's Origin of Species. The present translation was published fairly late compared to those of much of the rest of Western Europe. Finlanders had been reading a translation of the 5th London edition since 1871, in Swedish, the language of academe in Finland at the time.Up until 1913 various books in Finnish had been published on Darwin and his theory but ""What was still lacking was Darwin's own book in Finnish translation, although such an edition had been suggested in the Vanamo Society as much as ten years earlier. When a government fund for furthering Finnish literature was established in 1909, The Origin of Species was listed among important books that needed to be translated, although it was noticed that now, fifty years after its original publication, it would have more historical than scientific value. For various reasons it took some time before this translation was realized, and finally it was published serially between 1913 and 1917.Finnish, although the language of the overwhelming majority of the population, had for centuries been suppressed and gained cultural status and official recognition only gradually during the latter half of the nineteenth century, which, of course delayed translation of both classical and contemporary literature, including Darwin's works. In this respect the Finnish situation may be compared with the case of the Baltic Peoples, the Czechs and the Slovaks, the Hungarians, the Croatians and the Serbs and some other European nations which in Darwinian times had not yet gained their independence. "" (Glick & Engels, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Europe, Vol 1, p. 144)Translator A. R. Koskimies, is also known for his translations of Le Sage, Jane Austen, and Boccaccio. The present book was translated from the 6th London edition. OCLC list only one copy: The Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto. Also The National Library of Finland and The Huntington hold a copy.‎

Bookseller reference : 60522

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Menniskans Härledning och Könsurvalet. [English: ""The Descent of Man""). 2 vols. - [FIRST SWEDISH TRANSLATION OF ""THE DESCENT OF MAN""]‎

‎Stockholm, Albert Bonniers, 1872. 8vo. 2 volumes in one (as issued) contemporary half calf binding with gilt lettering to spine. A fine and clean copy. (Frontiespiece), (1), 314, (2) pp."" (4), XV, (1), 294, (6), 39 pp.‎

‎The rare first Swedish translation of ""The Descent of Man"" translated by Rudolf Sunderström. Freeman's collation is incorrect (as he also dated the first Swedish translation of ""Origin of Species"" wrongly).Withbound is Lawrence Heap Åberg's ""Ett försök att uppvisa darwinismens öfverensstämmelse med en rationelt idealistisk verldsåskådning"" (1874). Freeman 1136‎

Bookseller reference : 52355

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎Naturwissenschaftliche Reisen nach den Inseln des grünen Vorgebirges, Sudamerika, dem Feuerlande, den Faltland-Inseln, Chiloe-Inseln, Galapagos-Inseln, Otaheiti, Neuholland, Neuseeland, Ban Diemen's Land, Keeling-Inseln, Mauritius, St. Helena, den Vz... - [FIRST TRANSLATION OF ANY OF DARWIN'S WORK]‎

‎Brunswick, F. Vieweg und Sohn, 1844. 8vo. 2 volumes bound in one contemporary half calf binding with gilt lettering to spine. Previous owner's stamp to front free end-paper. Light brownspotting throughout, especially to first and last leaves. XVI, 319, VIII, 301, (3) pp. + 1 folded map.‎

‎Rare first German translation of Darwin's Journal of researches, now known as Voyage of the Beagle, constituting the very first translation of any of Darwin's works into any language. As Darwin later recalled in his autobiography 'The voyage of the Beagle has been by far the most important event in my life and has determined my whole career'. ""On its first appearance in its own right, also in 1839, it was called Journal of researches into the geology and natural history etc. The second edition, of 1845, transposes 'geology' and 'natural history' to read Journal of researches into the natural history and geology etc., and the spine title is Naturalist's voyage. The final definitive text of 1860 has the same wording on the title page, but the spine readsNaturalist's voyage round the world, and the fourteenth thousand of 1879 places A naturalist's voyage on the title page. The voyage of the Beagle first appears as a title in the Harmsworth Library edition of 1905. It is a bad title: she was only a floating home for Darwin, on which, in spite of good companionship, he was cramped and miserably sea-sick"" whilst the book is almost entirely about his expeditions on land."" (Freeman)Freeman 176‎

Bookseller reference : 54590

‎"DARWIN, CHARLES.‎

‎O Nastanek Vrst. (Slovene, i.e. ""Origin of Speices"").‎

‎Ljubljana, Slovenski KnjiPni Zavod, 1954. 8vo. In publisher's original full green cloth binding with gilt lettering to spine and gilt decoration to front board. In the original green printed dust-jacket. Dust-jacket with a few nicks and tear, otherwise a fine copy. 461, (3) pp.‎

‎Second printing of the first Slovene translation of Darwin's 'Origin of Species. Freeman F2427.OCLC only locates 1 copy outside Slovenia (Italy).‎

Bookseller reference : 57932