‎Jordan‎

‎Jordan, Patrick W‎

‎Usability Evaluation In Industry‎

‎like new. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 1211289 ISBN : 0748404600 9780748404605

‎Jordan, Patry‎

‎Yo puedo con todo Spanish Edition‎

‎paperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback‎

Bookseller reference : 6070758862.G ISBN : 6070758862 9786070758867

‎JORDAN, PASCUAL (+) O KLEIN‎

‎Zum Mehrkörperproblem der Quantentheorie Über Wellen und Korpuskeln in der Quantenmechanik. - JORDAN-KLEIN MATRICES‎

‎Berlin Julius Springer 1927. 8vo. Entire volume 45 of "Zeitschrift für Physik" bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt title to spine. Library stamp to title-page. Corners and lower capital bumped hinges a bit weak. An overall fine and clean copy. Pp. 751-765; 766-775. Entire volume: VII 1 910 pp. <br/><br/><em>First publication of Jordan and Klein's influential paper the first mentioned which contributed to the close connection between quantum fields and quantum statistics today known as Jordan-Klein matrices. "Born Heisenberg and Jordan had indicated and Dirac had demonstrated the close connection between quantum fields and quantum statistics. Second quantization guarantees that photons obey Bose-Einstein statistics. What about other particles which obey Bose-Einstein statistics The year 1927 was not over before Jordan and Klein addressed this question in the present paper." Pais Inward bound. p. 338. "Jordan and Klein found that "one can quantize just as well the non-relativistic Schroedinger equation. In honor of these contributions the matrices have been named Jordan-Klein matrices." ibid. p. 339. "Convinced that the many-body problem in quantum mechanics can be stated correctly only in the context of quantized matter waves "repeated" or "second" quantization. as it was called later by Léon Rosenfeld Jordan started working out his ideas together with Wolfgang Pauli. Oskar Klein and Eugene Wigner. During his stay in Copenhagen in the summer 1927 Jordan established together with Klein the first nonrelativistic formalism of second quantization for a system of interacting Bose particles." DSB.The second paper "Über Wellen und Korpuskeln in der Quantenmechanik" "contained several other formal and mathematical generalizations but its main practical value is that in the newly established theory of the 'quantized wave field' the fluctuations in the Bose case now satisfied all requirements following from Einstein's light-quantum treatment of 1924 and 1925." Mehra The historical development of quantum theory 2000 p. 231. </em> hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : 49120

‎JORDAN, PASCUAL (+) O KLEIN‎

‎Zum Mehrkörperproblem der Quantentheorie Über Wellen und Korpuskeln in der Quantenmechanik. - JORDAN-KLEIN MATRICES‎

‎Berlin Julius Springer 1927. 8vo. Entire volume 45 of "Zeitschrift für Physik" bound in a black contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Library stamp to free front end-paper. An overall fine and clean copy. Pp. 751-765; 766-775. Entire volume: VII 1 910 pp. <br/><br/><em>First publication of Jordan and Klein's influential paper the first mentioned which contributed to the close connection between quantum fields and quantum statistics today known as Jordan-Klein matrices. "Born Heisenberg and Jordan had indicated and Dirac had demonstrated the close connection between quantum fields and quantum statistics. Second quantization guarantees that photons obey Bose-Einstein statistics. What about other particles which obey Bose-Einstein statistics The year 1927 was not over before Jordan and Klein addressed this question in the present paper." Pais Inward bound. p. 338.Jordan and Klein found that "one can quantize just as well the non-relativistic Schroedinger equation. In honor of these contributions the matrices have been named Jordan-Klein matrices." Ibid. p. 339. The second paper "Über Wellen und Korpuskeln in der Quantenmechanik" "contained several other formal and mathematical generalizations but its main practical value is that in the newly established theory of the 'quantized wave field' the fluctuations in the Bose case now satisfied all requirements following from Einstein's light-quantum treatment of 1924 and 1925." Mehra The historical development of quantum theory 2000 p. 231. </em> hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : 45149

‎JORDAN, Pascual‎

‎Zur Quantenmechanik der Gasentartung. Offprint from: Zeitschrift für Physik Band 44 Heft 6/7‎

‎Berlin: Springer 1927. First edition. <p>First edition extremely rare offprint of this important paper in which Jordan introduces his approach to quantum field theory independent of Dirac's and also gives his formulation of Fermi-Dirac statistics which he had developed earlier than both Fermi and Dirac. "Pascual Jordan is the unsung hero among the creators of quantum mechanics" Schweber QED and the men who made it.</p>. <p>ANTICIPATING DIRAC ON QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND FERMI AND DIRAC ON THEIR STATISTICS</p> . <p>First edition extremely rare offprint of this important paper in which Jordan introduces his approach to quantum field theory independent of Dirac's and also gives his formulation of Fermi-Dirac statistics which he had developed earlier than both Fermi and Dirac. "Pascual Jordan is the unsung hero among the creators of quantum mechanics. Major portions of the two papers he co-authored with Born and Heisenberg that elaborated matrix mechanics following Heisenberg's initial insight were Jordan's contribution. Similarly he was responsible for laying the foundations of quantum field theory" Schweber pp. 5-6. "Before the end of the year 1925 Jordan had submitted a single author paper. This papercontained what is nowadays known as the Fermi-Dirac statistics; however it encountered an extremely unfortunate fate after its submission because it landed on the bottom of one of Max Born's in his role as the editor of the Zeitschrift für Physik suitcases on the eve of an extended lecture tour to the US where it remained for about half a year. When Born discovered this mishap the papers of Dirac and Fermi were already in the process of being published. This paper by Jordan was never published but he further developed its contents and this extended piece of work Zur Quantenmechanik der Gasentartung 'On the quantum mechanics of gas degeneracy' was published by Jordan in 1927" Mactutor. "Jordan was the earliest and most ambitious visionary of the quantum field theory program: long before this became commonly accepted in the second half of the twentieth century he saw in quantum field theory a unified basis for all of modern physics" Lehner p. 272. The present paper "already defines Jordan's program: a unified quantum field theory for matter and radiation. Particles and waves are only two different aspects of the same underlying quantum field both in the case of light and in the case of matter" ibid. pp. 280-281. No copies in auction records. Not on OCLC.</p> <br /> <p>"The year 1925 was a bright start for the 22-year-old Jordan. After the submission of the joint work with Max Born on Matrix Mechanics in which the p-q commutation relation appeared for the first time there came the famous 'Dreimännerarbeit' with Born and Heisenberg in November of the same year only to conclude the year's harvest with a paper by him alone on the 'Pauli statistics'. Jordan's manuscript contained what is nowadays known as the Fermi-Dirac statistics; however it encountered an extremely unfortunate fate after its submission . In the words of Max Born a quarter of a century later: 'I hate Jordan's politics but I can never undo what I did to him . When I returned to Germany half a year later I found the paper on the bottom of my suitcase. It contained what one calls nowadays the Fermi-Dirac statistics. In the meantime it was independently discovered by Enrico Fermi and Paul Dirac. But Jordan was the first'" Schroer pp. 2-3. "The year 1927 was the most fruitful in Jordan's career . The second paper submitted in July 1927 offered here was inspired by Dirac's field-theoretic transcription of the quantum mechanical multi-particle configuration space for Schrödinger's formalism 'high dimensional abstract space' to the quantization of Schrödinger waves in ordinary space. Jordan sets out to do something analogous for 'Fermi's instead of Einstein's gas'. He develops what he refers to as the 'Pauli-statistics' probably using material from his ill-fated 1925 manuscript which ended in Born's suitcase and uses the quantized spacetime field formulation to compute the density fluctuations in a Fermi gas" ibid. p. 4.</p> <br /> <p>"As he claimed in the present paper p. 480 and in a letter to Schrödinger his occupation with the quantum theory of the ideal gas had suggested this further application of the theory of quantized waves. Jordan writes in the letter:</p> <br /> <p>'Then your hydrogen paper i.e. 'Quantisierung als Eigenwertproblem Zweite Mitteilung' gave hope that by following up this correspondence also the non-ideal gas could be represented by quantized waves - that therefore a complete theory of light and matter could be derived in which as an essential ingredient this wave field itself operates in a quantum non-classical way'.</p> <br /> <p>"Jordan saw Schrödinger's wave-functions as a generalization of the simple plane waves that he had quantized in the 'Dreimännerarbeit' and interpreted as the quantum mechanical representation of the Bose-Einstein ideal gas; he was convinced that the quantization of these wave-functions was the method necessary to apply quantum mechanics to the case of several interacting particles. In the letter to Schrödinger Jordan gives two reasons why he did not pursue this program immediately: The problem to account for Fermi-Dirac statistics since it seemed that the wave picture would always lead to Bose-Einstein statistics and the reservations of his colleagues Heisenberg Pauli and Born" Lehner p. 276.</p> <br /> <p>Although Jordan had introduced the idea of a quantized field at the end of the 'Dreimännerarbeit' it "only came to the attention of a wider group of physicists through Paul Dirac's 'The quantum theory of emission and absorption of radiation.' Paradoxically the notion of quantizing a field appears nowhere in the paper . Dirac explicitly denied that the 'wave function of the light quanta' is the same as the electromagnetic field. He also argued that while an ensemble of light quanta can be associated with a light wave there is no such physical wave associated with an ensemble of matter particles such as electrons. Therefore he did not see the quantization procedure as an explanation of the quantum nature of radiation. It was to him only an elegant way to take into account the Bose statistics of light quanta. Since electrons do not obey Bose statistics the procedure is not applicable to them. Dirac maintained particle number conservation for light quanta by introducing a 'sea' of zero-momentum light quanta. This is another piece of evidence that for Dirac the particle concept was primary.</p> <br /> <p>"Unlike Jordan's earlier attempt Dirac's theory was greeted with enthusiasm since it first derived the link between quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of absorption and emission and so offered a quantum-mechanical representation of the interaction of matter and radiation. Today Dirac's paper is often seen as the seminal work for quantum field theory. This is somewhat ironic as Dirac explicitly rejected the idea that his method was to be understood as the quantization of the classical field. Jordan thought for the rest of his life that he did not get due credit for his work:</p> <br /> <p>'It has always saddened me somehow that the attack on the light-quantum problem already contained in our Dreimännerarbeit was rejected by everyone for so . until Dirac took up the idea from which point onward he was the only one cited in this connection.'</p> <br /> <p>"Instigated by Dirac's success Jordan quickly returned to the theory of the quantized field. However what he did was in conflict with Dirac's ideas and a clear continuation of his earlier program based on the principle of symmetry of representations. Therefore his first paper offered here explicitly rejected Dirac's assessment that the ideal gas obeying Fermi statistics cannot be represented by a wave field. Jordan observed that in the case of Bose-Einstein statistics the number operator has arbitrary integer eigenvalues while in the case of Fermi-Dirac statistics the number operator can only have eigenvalues 0 or 1. He now constructed an algebra of field operators that yield these eigenvalues for the number operator using Pauli's spin matrices. This construction was made possible by Jordan's concept of conjugate variables that was more general than Dirac's: While Dirac relied on commutation relations of the standard form </p> <br /> <p>pq − qp = −ih </p> <br /> <p>Jordan's transformation theory relied on a more general notion of conjugate variables motivated by the need to represent angle and angular momentum as conjugate variables and allowed for a generalization of these commutation rules. However as Darrigol has pointed out Jordan's actual calculations were full of mistakes . What had gotten lost in the imprecisions were the correct phase relations between the creation and annihilation operators. Only in the fall of 1927 Jordan would return to the topic and with the help of Eugene Wigner present the correct algebra now called Jordan-Wigner second quantization using anti-commutation relations. </p> <br /> <p>"Despite its technical flaws the offered paper already defines Jordan's program: a unified quantum field theory for matter and radiation. Particles and waves are only two different aspects of the same underlying quantum field both in the case of light and in the case of matter:</p> <br /> <p>'Despite the validity of the Pauli instead of Bose statistics for electrons the results achieved so far leave hardly a doubt that a quantum-mechanical wave theory of matter can be formulated in which electrons are represented as quantized waves in ordinary three-dimensional space and that the natural formulation of the quantum theory of the electron will have to be achieved by comprehending light and matter on equal footing as interacting waves in three-dimensional space. The fundamental fact of electron theory the existence of discrete electrical particles thus manifests itself as a characteristic quantum phenomenon namely as equivalent to the fact that matter waves only appear in discrete quantized states' p. 480.</p> <br /> <p>"Jordan pointed out that the anti-symmetrical wave-functions that Heisenberg and Dirac had constructed for many-particle systems were therefore not at all physical waves but simply 'a special case of the general probability amplitudes which have to be used as a mathematical tool for the description of the statistical behavior of quantized light and matter waves' p. 480. These quotes show clearly the difference in perspective between Jordan and Dirac: Unlike Dirac Jordan treated second quantization of the Schrödinger wave function as the quantization of a physical field and saw this procedure as an explanation of the corpuscular character of matter. Unlike Schrödinger however Jordan did not attempt to find an objective physical description behind the mathematical formalism. Transformation theory to him still implied that neither the particle nor the wave description were fundamental and therefore neither picture could be used to construct a complete description of objective reality" Lehner pp. 278-281.</p> <br /> <p>Pascual Jordan 1902-80 was born in Hannover. His family name of Spanish origin was originally Jorda. He enrolled in the Technical University of Hannover in 1921 where he studied zoology mathematics and physics but moved to the University of Göttingen in 1923. Göttingen was then at the zenith of its powers in mathematics and the physical sciences under the leadership of David Hilbert and Arnold Sommerfeld. At Göttingen Jordan became an assistant to the mathematician Richard Courant for a time and then studied under the physicist Max Born for his doctorate. Germany's defeat in the First World War and the Treaty of Versailles had a profound effect on Jordan's political beliefs. He believed the Treaty to be unjust and became increasingly nationalistic. In 1933 Jordan joined the Nazi party like Philipp Lenard and Johannes Stark and moreover joined an SA unit. He supported the Nazis' nationalism and anti-communism while remaining a defender of Einstein and other Jewish scientists. Jordan seemed to hope that he could influence the new regime; one of his projects was attempting to convince the Nazis that modern physics developed as represented by Einstein and especially the new Copenhagen brand of quantum theory could be the antidote to the 'materialism of the Bolsheviks'. Had Jordan not joined the Nazi party it is possible that he would have won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with Max Born on the foundations of matrix mechanics - Born shared the 1954 Nobel Prize with Walther Bothe the prize can be shared by up to three people. Pauli declared Jordan to be 'rehabilitated' to the West German authorities some time after the war allowing him to regain academic employment after a two-year period. He then recovered his full status as a tenured professor in 1953. </p> <br /> <p>Lehner 'Mathematical foundations and physical visions: Pascual Jordan and the field theory program' pp. 272-293 in: Mathematics meets Physics Schloter & Schneider eds. 2011. Schroer 'Pascual Jordan glory and demise and his legacy in contemporary local quantum physics' arXiv:hep-th/0303241 2003. Schweber QED and the men who made it 1994.</p> <br/> <br/> 8vo 228 x 155mm pp. 473-480. Original printed wrappers a little soiled and creased. Springer unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 5424

‎JORDAN, PASCUAL.‎

‎Albert Einstein: Sein Lebenswerk und die Zukunft der Physik.‎

‎Frauenfeld & Stuttgart: Huber, (1969). 8vo. Publishers full cloth. A fine and clean copy. Frontispiece portrait (of Einstein), 302 pp.‎

‎First edition.‎

Bookseller reference : 36950

‎Jordan, Peter & Wheeler, Steven‎

‎'THE PRACTICAL MUSHROOM ENCYCLOPEDIA IDENTIFYING PICKING AND'‎

‎HERMES HOUSE 2003-01-01. Paperback. New. In shrink wrap. Looks like an interesting title! HERMES HOUSE paperback‎

Bookseller reference : Q-184309827x ISBN : 184309827X 9781843098270

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎A Bride for His Majesty's Pleasure‎

‎mass_market. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 0373236409.G ISBN : 0373236409 9780373236404

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎A Forbidden Loving‎

‎hardcover. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : 0263128113.G ISBN : 0263128113 9780263128116

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎A Little Seduction: An Anthology‎

‎mass_market. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 0373249861.G ISBN : 0373249861 9780373249862

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎A Secret Disgrace‎

‎Harlequin Presents 2012-05-29. Mass Market Paperback. New. New. In shrink wrap. Looks like an interesting title! Harlequin Presents paperback‎

Bookseller reference : Q-0373130716 ISBN : 0373130716 9780373130719

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎An Unbroken Marriage Harlequin Presents # 553‎

‎Harlequin Books 1982-01-01. Paperback. New. In shrink wrap. Looks like an interesting title! Harlequin Books paperback‎

Bookseller reference : Q-0373105533 ISBN : 0373105533 9780373105533

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎Best of Penny Jordan: "" Falcon's Prey "" "" Tiger Man ""‎

‎paperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback‎

Bookseller reference : 0263753956.G ISBN : 0263753956 9780263753950

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎Blackmailing the Society Bride Mills & Boon Largeprint Penny Jordan‎

‎Harlequin UK Ltd. Used - Like New. Used - Like New. Book is new and unread but may have minor shelf wear. Ships from UK in 48 hours or less usually same day. Your purchase helps support Sri Lankan Children's Charity 'The Rainbow Centre'. 100% money back guarantee. We are a world class secondhand bookstore based in Hertfordshire United Kingdom and specialize in high quality textbooks across an enormous variety of subjects. We aim to provide a vast range of textbooks rare and collectible books at a great price. Our donations to The Rainbow Centre have helped provide an education and a safe haven to hundreds of children who live in appalling conditions. We provide a 100% money back guarantee and are dedicated to providing our customers with the highest standards of service in the bookselling industry. Harlequin (UK) Ltd unknown‎

Bookseller reference : Z1-F-004-01660 ISBN : 026322337x 9780263223378

‎Jordan, Penny; Mortimer, Carole‎

‎Boardroom to Bedroom : The Boss' Marriage Arrangement / His Darling Valentine Harlequin Presents # 2446‎

‎Harlequin Presents 2005-01-25. Mass Market Paperback. New. In shrink wrap. Looks like an interesting title! Harlequin Presents paperback‎

Bookseller reference : Q-0373124465 ISBN : 0373124465 9780373124466

‎Jordan, Penny‎

‎Bought with His Name‎

‎paperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback‎

Bookseller reference : 0263740447.G ISBN : 0263740447 9780263740448

‎Jordan, Peter/ Crick, Olly‎

‎Carlo Boso‎

‎Routledge 2025. Paperback. New. 158 pages. 7.81x5.06x7.80 inches. Routledge paperback‎

Bookseller reference : x-1032314958 ISBN : 1032314958 9781032314952

‎Jordan, Peter (Editor)/ Zvelebil, Merek (Editor)‎

‎Ceramics Before Farming: The Dispersal of Pottery Among Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-gatherers‎

‎Left Coast Pr 2010. Hardcover. New. 480 pages. 9.00x6.25x1.25 inches. Left Coast Pr hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : x-1598742450 ISBN : 1598742450 9781598742459

‎Jordan, Peter‎

‎Ceramics Before Farming: The Dispersal of Pottery Among Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-Gatherers UCL Institute of Archaeology Publications‎

‎Routledge 2011-10-15. 1. paperback. Used: Good. 6.00x1.33x9.00. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Routledge paperback‎

Bookseller reference : SONG161132789X ISBN : 161132789X 9781611327892

‎Jordan, Peter (Editor), And Zvelebil, Marek (Editor)‎

‎Ceramics Before Farming: the Dispersal of Pottery Among Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-Gatherers‎

‎like new. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 6218023 ISBN : 1598742450 9781598742459

‎Jordan, Peter [Editor]; Zvelebil, Marek [Editor];‎

‎Ceramics Before Farming: The Dispersal of Pottery Among Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-Gatherers UNIV COL LONDON INST ARCH PUB‎

‎like new. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 12619096 ISBN : 161132789x 9781611327892

‎Jordan, Peter‎

‎Ceramics in Circumpolar Prehistory: Technology Lifeways and Cuisine Archaeology of the North‎

‎Cambridge University Press 2019-04-18. hardcover. New. 7.75x0.75x10.50. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Cambridge University Press hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : DADAX1107118247 ISBN : 1107118247 9781107118249

‎Jordan, Peter [Editor]; Gibbs, Kevin [Editor]‎

‎Ceramics in Circumpolar Prehistory: Technology Lifeways and Cuisine Archaeology of the North‎

‎new. unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 33140450-n ISBN : 1107118247 9781107118249

‎Jordan, Peter‎

‎Ceramics in Circumpolar Prehistory: Technology Lifeways and Cuisine Archaeology of the North‎

‎Cambridge University Press 2019-04-18. hardcover. Used: Good. 7.75x0.75x10.50. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Cambridge University Press hardcover‎

Bookseller reference : SONG1107118247 ISBN : 1107118247 9781107118249

‎Jordan, Peter‎

‎Chemical Kinetics and Transport‎

‎Springer 2012-08-04. Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979. paperback. New. 6.10x0.88x9.25. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Springer paperback‎

Bookseller reference : DADAX1461591007 ISBN : 1461591007 9781461591009