‎Physique‎

‎"MENDELÉEFF, D. (MENDELÉEV, MENDELEYEV, MENDELÉEFF).‎

‎Des écarts dans les lois relatives aux gaz. Note de D. Mendéléeff. (Extrait).‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1876. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 82, No 7. Pp. (397-) 428. Mendelejeff's paper: pp. 412-415. Clean and fine.‎

‎"MENDELÉEFF, D. (MENDELÉEV, MENDELEYEV, MENDELÉEFF) & N. KAIANDER.‎

‎Du coefficient de dilatation de l'air sous la pression atmosphérique. Note. (Extrait).‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1876. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 82, No 8. Pp. (429-) 467. Mendelejeff & Kaiander's paper: pp. 450-454. Clean and fine.‎

‎"MENDELÉEFF, D. (MENDELÉEV, MENDELEYEV, MENDELÉEFF).‎

‎Sur la température des couches élevées de l'atmosphère. (Premiere-) Deuxième Note. (2 papers).‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1875. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 81, No 23 a. 24. Pp. (1065-) 1222. (2 entire issues offered). Mendeleev's paper: pp. 1094-1096 a. 1182-1186. Clean and fine.‎

‎"MICHELSON, ALBERT A. & EDWARD W. MORLEY‎

‎On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether. - [THE MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT, THE ETHER DRAG.]‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1887. 8vo. In recent full blue cloth. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"" Fifth Series, Vol. 24. VIII,524 pp., textillustr. and 9 plates. (Entire volume offered). Michelson & Morley's paper: pp. 449-463, textillustr. (depicting experimental apparatus etc.). Title-page with light soiling and lower 2 cm loose and traces from previous binding in inner maring. Otherwise a good copy.‎

‎"MICHELSON, ALBERT A. & EDWARD W. MORLEY - THE MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT, THE ETHER DRAG.‎

‎On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether.‎

‎New Haven, Conn., J.D. & E.S. Dana, 1887. 8vo. Contemporary half calf. Gilt lettering to spine. A small stamp to top of title-page. In: ""The American Journal of Science. Editors James D. and Edward S. Dana"", Third series Vol. XXXIV (July to December, 1887). VIII,500 pp., textillustr. and 10 plates. (Entire volume offered). The joint paper: pp. 333-345 and textillustr. (Apparatus). A few faint brownspots to titlepage, otherwise clean and fine.‎

‎"MICHELSON, ALBERT.‎

‎A Theory of the X-Rays.‎

‎London, Macmillan & Co., 1896. Royal8vo. In the publisher's pictorial cloth. Gilt lettering and Nature's logo to spines and front board. In ""Nature"", May - October, 1896, Vol. 54. Entire volume offered. Slight wear to extremities and front hinge loose. Two stamps to titel page, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Rare in the publisher's binding. Pp. 66-7 [Entire volume: XXXVI, 640, CLX, 4, CLXII-CCVIII pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Michelson's paper on Röntgen's famous discovery of X-Rays. Within six months of Wilhelm Röntgen's announcement of his discovery several proposals were put forth about the physical nature of the rays. The present suggests that X-rays is coused by vortices in the aether.Michelson famously known for the Michelson-Morley Experiment or The Ether Drag, an experiment that would ultimately lead to the special theory of relativity.‎

Référence libraire : 48788

‎"MICHELSON, ALBERT. - PREPARING THE MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT.‎

‎Sur le mouvement relatif de la terre et de l'éther.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1882. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 94, No 8. Pp. (473-) 548 (entire issue offered). Michelson's paper: pp. 520-523, 1 textillustr.‎

‎First printing of this importent paper in which Michelson corrected an effect on his inteferometer which he had neglected in his first experiment on the ether drag of 1881.""Michelson himself, on presenting in 1882 (the paper offered) an account of his first esperiment to the Academie des Sciences, acknowledged that he had made an error in his earler report of 1881 and had neglected the effect of the earth's motion on the path of light in the inteferometer arm at right angles to the motion"" (Holton ""Thematic origins of Scientific Thought"", p. 265).""‎

Référence libraire : 49092

‎"MILLER, WILLIAM.‎

‎Zeemaneffekt an Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Zink, Kadmium, Mangan und Chrom.‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. In contemporary halv calf with four raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 24. Entire volume offered. Stamp to title page. Wear to extremities. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 105-136. [Entire volume: 968 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Miller's dissertation on the Zeeman effect on various chemical element.‎

Référence libraire : 50325

‎"MILLIKAN, R. A.‎

‎A New Modification of the Cloud Method of Determining the Elementary Electrical Charge and the Most Probable Value of that Charge. - [THE OIL DROP EXPERIMENT]‎

‎London, Taylor & Francis, 1910. 8vo. Bound with the original wrappers in recent full blue cloth with black lettering to spine. In ""The Philosophical Magazine"" for February 1910, vol 19, no. 110. The entire issue offered. Wrappers reinforced in margin, otherwise a fine copy. Pp. 209-228 [Entire issue: pp. 209-336].‎

‎First edition of Millikan's landmark experiment in which he first provided the definitive proof that all electrical charges are exact multiples of a definite, fundamental value, namely the charge of the electron which in essence made possible the measurement of the electrical charge. In this paper, Millikan makes ""the important discovery that individual drops always carried an exact multiple of the smallest charge measured - this being the first accurate measurement of the charge of the electron"" ( Davis, Science in the Making, Volume 3, 10-11). Today it is primarily known as the 'oil-drop experiment'. ""By 1909 Millikan was deeply involved in an attempt to measure the electronic charge. No one had yet obtained a reliable value for this fundamental constant, and some antiatomistic Continental physicists were insisting that it was not the constant of a unique particle but a statistical average of diverse electrical energies. Millikan launched his investigation with a technique developed by the British-born physicist H. A. Wilson" it consisted essentially of measuring, first, the rate at which a charged cloud of water vapor fell under the influence of gravity and then the modified rate under the counterforce of an electric field. Using Stokes's law of fall to determine the mass of the cloud, one could in principle compute the ionic charge. Millikan quickly recognized the numerous uncertainties in this technique, including the fact that evaporation at the surface of the cloud confused the measure of its rate of fall. Hoping to correct for this effect, he decided to study the evaporation history of the cloud while a strong electric Held held it in a stationary position.But when Millikan switched on the powerful field, the cloud disappeared" in its place were a few charged water drops moving slowly in response to the imposed electrical force. He quickly realized that it would be a good deal more accurate to determine the electronic charge by working with a single drop than with the swarm of particles in a cloud. Finding that he could make measurements on water drops for up to forty-five seconds before they evaporated. Millikan arrived at a value for e in 1909 which he considered accurate to within 2 percent. More important, he observed that the charge on any given water drop was always an integral multiple of an irreducible value. This result provided the most persuasive evidence yet that electrons were fundamental particles of identical charge and mass.Late in 1909 Millikan greatly improved the drop method by substituting oil for water. Because of the relatively low volatility of this liquid, he could measure the rise and fall of the drops for up to four and a half hours. Spraying the chamber with radium radiation, he could change the charge on a single drop at will. His overall results decisively confirmed the integral-multiple values of the total charge. As for the determination of e itself, Millikan found that Stokes's law was inadequate for his experimental circumstances because the size of the drops was comparable with the mean free path of the air. Using the so-called Stokes-Cunningham version of the law, which took this condition into account, by late 1910 he had computed a charge for e of 4.891×10-10 e.s.u. Realizing that the accuracy of this figure was no better than that of the key constants involved in the computation, Millikan painstakingly reevaluated the coefficient of viscosity of air and the mean-free-path term in the Stokes-Cunningham law. In 1913 he published the value for the electronic charge, 4.774±.009×10-10 e.s.u., which would serve the world of science for a generation."" (DSB). In 1923 Millikan became the first American-born Nobel laureate for his work on determination of Planck's constant on the basis of Einstein's theory of the photoelectric effect.‎

Référence libraire : 60036

‎"MILNE, E.A. (EDWARD ARTHUR). - THE ""COSMOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE"".‎

‎Relativity Gravitation and World-Structure.‎

‎Oxford, The Clarendon Press, 1935. Royal8vo. Orig. full cloth, gilt. With dustjacket. Jacket frayed, mainly at upper edges and on top of spine. VIII,(2),365,(1) pp., 2 plates, textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition of Milne's controversial work ""in which he introduced a new deductive system of theoretical physicswhich came to be called kinematic relativity. He introduced the useful term ""cosmological principle"" to signify that observers associated with galaxies in his model and in many others, including those based on general relativity, would see similar ""world pictures"". Milne went on to derive from his model many properties analogous to the laws of dynamics, gravitation, and electromagnetic theory. These developments of his theory were not generally accepted, and it is now thought that the most important effect of his work was that it led to fresh attempts to analyze the concepts of time and space-time."" (DSB).‎

Référence libraire : 49678

‎"MINKOWSKI, HERMANN.‎

‎Raum und Zeit. (Space and Time) - [THE FOURTH DIMENSION. (PMM 401)]‎

‎Leipzig, F.C.W. Vogel, 1909. Lex8vo. Contemp. Hcloth. Gilt spine. Edges slightly rubbed. Clean and fine. in ""Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. 80. Vesammlung zu Cöln 20.- 26. September 1908. Herausgegeben...Albert Wangerin. Zweiter Theil. 1. Hälfte. Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilungen"". pp. 4-9. The whole volume offered with part I-II: (4),245,X,(2),598,124,(2) pp.‎

‎First appearance of this milestone paper in the development of the theory of Special relativity. The paper offered is the first edition, first printing of the text from Minkowski's famous address held at the 80th meeting of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte, in Köln the 21st September 1908. There exists three other printings of this address from the same year:1. Physikalische Zeitschrift, volume 10, number 3 (1. February, 1909.), pp.104-111" 2. Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, volume 18, number 2 (issued monthly - so February), pp.75-88"3. (Seperate edition by Teubner).""The views of space and time which I wish to lay before you have sprung from the soil of experimental physics, and therein lies their strenght. They are radical. Henceforth space by itself, and time by itself, are doomed to fade away into mere shadows, and only a inf of union of the two will preserve an independent reality"" He ended as follows: 'the validitywothout exception of the world postulate (i.e., relativity postulates), I like to think, is the thrue nucleus of an electromagnetic image of the world, which, discovered by Lorentz, and further developed by Einstein, now lies open in the full light of the day'""(Pais in ""Subtle is the Lord"", p. 152).Here (in the paper offered) ""he introduced the notion that made possible the expansion of the Relativity Theory of Einstein from its specific to its general form. The technical description of Minkowski's hypothesis is the four-dimensional Space-time continuum....Minkowski's space-time hypothesis was in effect a restatement of Einstein's basic principle in a form that greatly enchanced its plausability and also introduced importent new developments. Hitherto natural phenomena had been thought to occur in a space of three dimensions and to flow uniformly through time. Minkowski maintained that the separation of space and time is a false conception"" thet time is itself a dimension, comparable to lenght, breadth and height: and that therefore the true conception of reality was constituted by a space-time continuum possessing these four dimensions. This strongly reinforced Einstein's objections to absolute concepts and supported his view of the relativity of events in nature."" (PMM No. 401, only listing the print from ""Jahresberichte der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung. Leipzig 1909."").‎

Référence libraire : 42836

‎"MINKOWSKI, R. (+) H. SPONER.‎

‎Über die freie Weglänge langsamer Elektronen in Gasen.‎

‎[Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923]. 8vo. Extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel. 16. Band"". No backstrip. Pp. 399-416.‎

‎First printing of this important paper on electrons in gases.‎

Référence libraire : 47828

‎"MOISSAN, HENRI - PRESENTATION COPY - SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS.‎

‎Nouvelles Recherches sur la reproduction du Diamant.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1905). 8vo. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. A small nick at top edge on frontwrapper. Offprint from: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", Series 8, tome V. 34 pp., textillustrations. Inscribed on frontwrapper ""A mon cher Collegue/ Monsieur K.V. Palmaer/ Hommage de l'auteur/ Henri Moissan""‎

‎First edition, offprint issue, being Moissan's largest stydy on his synthesization of diamonds.""Moissan founded the study of high-temperature chemical reactions by his invention of the electric furnace and using itto fuse and purify many refractory oxides, silicides, carbides, and borides. He firs synthesized small diamonds (not of gem quality) by dissolving carbon in molten iron and then rapidly cooling it. Moissan's process was successfully repeated by Otto Ruff.... Using his electric furnace to reduce metallic oxides with carbon, Moissan prepared many metals, e.g. chromium, manganese, molybdenium, titanium, tungsten, uranium, vanadium, and zirconium"" (Roy G. Neville in ""Historical Chemical Library"" II, p. 179 ff.).Moissan received the Nobel prize in Chemistry in 1906 ""in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation nd isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him"".‎

Référence libraire : 47736

‎"MOISSAN, HENRI. - THE INVENTION OF THE ELECTRIC FURNACE.‎

‎Description d'un nouveau four électrique.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1892. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 115, No 24. Pp. (1029-) 1112. (Entiere issue offered). Moissan's paper: pp. 1031-1033.nA few small tears to frontpage.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Moissan described his famous invention of the Electric Furnace and hereby laying the foundations for high-temperature chemistry. For this invention and his isolation of flourine Moissan received the Nobel Prize in 1906.""Moissan had turned his attention to the production of artificial diamonds and in the process constructed his famous electric furnace, which, although simple in design, proved to be a technological tool of the first order. The original model, which he subsequently improved, was demonstrated to the Academy of Sciences in December 1892 (the paper offered). It consisted of two blocks of lime, one laid on the other, with a hollow space in the center for a crucible, and a longitudinal groove for two carbon electrodes which produced a high-temperature electric arc. In one experiment Moissan heated iron and carbonized sugar in his electric furnace, causing the carbon to dissolve in the molten iron..... Moissan’s electric furnace provided great impetus to the development of high-temperature chemistry. With this apparatus he prepared and studied refractory oxides, silicides, borides, and carbides" he succeeded in volatilizing many metals" and, by reducing metallic oxides with carbon, he obtained such metals as manganese, chromium, uranium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, titanium, and zirconium. The electrochemical and metallurgical applications to industry of Moissan’s work became immediately apparent, for example in the large-scale production of acetylene from calcium carbide.""(DSB).Moissan received the Nobel prize in Chemistry in 1906 ""in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation nd isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him"".Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1892 C.This issue also contains another notable paper by PIERRE CURIE in which he describes his invention of a quadrant electrometer that improved upon the one devised by Kelvin by adding an ingenious magnetic damper.‎

Référence libraire : 47780

‎"MOLINA, EDWARD C.‎

‎Application of the Theory of Probability To Telephone Trunking Problems. - [SEMINAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO TELEPHONE TRAFFIC THEORY]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1927. Lex8vo. Volume VI, July, No. 3, 1927 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". In the original printed blue wrappers. A bit of browning to spine and extremities, but overall fine. Internally very nice and clean. Pp. 461-494. [Entire issue: Pp. 375-550].‎

‎First publication of Molina's fundamental discussion on the problems concerning telephone trunking problems. ""If telephone plants were provided in such quantities that when a subscriber makes a call there would be immediately available such switching arrangements and such trunks or paths to the desired point as may be necessary to establish the connection instantly, it would require that path and switching facilities be provided to meet the maximum demand occurring at any time, with the result that there would be a large amount of plant not in use most of the time."" (From the introduction to the present paper).""Edward C. Molina, a self-taught researcher, made seminal contributions to telephone traffic theory. [...] There were early attempts to use probability theory for the analysis of exchange"" (Gass, An annotated timeline of operations research, 2005, p. 35.). His 1928 book on congestion theory became the classic text on the subject. The present paper anticipates many of the themes and problems presented in that book.Other papers of interest contained in the present issue:1. Ferguson, J.G. Measurement of Inductance by the Shielded Owen Bridge. Pp. 375-386.2. Gilbert, J.J. Determination of Electrical Characteristics of Loaded Telegraph Cables. Pp. 387-401.3. Clokey, A.A. Automatic Printing Equipment for Long Loaded Submarine Telegraph Cables. Pp. 402-424.4. Curtis, Austen M. The Application of Vacuum Tube Amplifiers to Submarine Telegraph Cables. Pp. 425-441.5. Peterson, Eugene" Evans, Herbert P.Modulation in Vacuum Tubes Used As Amplifiers. Pp. 442-460.6. Carson, John R. Hoyt, Ray S.Propagation of Periodic Currents Over a System Of Parallel Wires. Pp. 495-545.‎

Référence libraire : 43345

‎"MORSE, SAMUEL B. (& CARL AUGUST VON STEINHEIL). - THE FIRST ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.‎

‎Télégraphe électro-magnétique de M. Morse, professeur à l'université de New-York. (Séance du Lundi 10 Septembre 1838) (+) Notice sur le télégraphe galvanique de M. Steinheil (Communique par l'Auteur). (Séance du Lundi 10 Septembre 1838). (2 papers).‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier, 1838). 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Vol. 7, No 11. Pp. (543-) 601. Morse's paper: pp. 593-95. Steinheil's paper: pp. 590-593. A faint dampstain in upper margin, otherwise clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Morse's French announcement of his first successfull display of his invention at an 1838 exhibition in New York (January 6) where Morse transmitted 10 words per minute. He had retired his number-word dictionary, using instead the dot-dash code directly for letters. Although other changes would eventually be made, the Morse Code that would become standard throughout the world had been born. In the paper he also gives full credit to Carl August von Steinheil for his discoveries concerning the electrical telegraph.In the paper Steinheil describes his own telegraph and its predecessors. In reality, Steinheil's telegraph was the first recording telegraph, and it predating Morse.‎

Référence libraire : 49636

‎"MOSELEY, H.G.J.‎

‎The High-Frequency Spectra of the Elements, I-II. - [ESTABLISHING ORDER IN THE PERIODICAL TABLE OF ELEMENTS - PMM 407]‎

‎London, 1913 & 1914. 8vo. 2 volumes, uniformly bound with the original wrappers in recent full blue cloth. In ""The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine"", Sixth Series, Vol. 26, no. 156, December 1913 & vol. 27, no. 160, April 1914. Lower part of index (pp. 1059-1064) in vol 26 with horisontal repair to lower part, affecting last three line (but legible). A fine and clean set. Moseley's papers: pp. 703-13" pp. 1024-1034. [Entire issues: pp. 937-1064" pp. 541-756].‎

‎First edition of these groundbreaking papers, in which the arrangement of the elements in the periodic table was based on the atomic number and which thus placed the atomic table on a firm scientific foundation. ""Moseley, working under Rutherford at Manchester, used the method of X-ray spectroscopy devised by the Braggs to calculate variations in the wave-lenght of the rays emitted by each element. These he was able to arrange in a series according to the nuclear charge of the element. Thus if the nuclear charge of hydrogen is 1, in helium it is 2, in lithium 3, and so on by regular progression to uranium as 92. These figures Moseley called atomic numbers.he pointed out that they also represented a corresponding increase in extra-nuclear electrons and that it is the number and arrangement of these electrons rather than the atomic weight that determines the properties of an element. It was now possible to base the periodical table on a firm foundation, and to state with confidence that the number of elements up to uranium is limited to 92. When Moseley'stable was completed, six atomic numbers had no corresponding elements"" but Moseley himself was able to predict the nature of four of the missing elements.""(PMM 407). “In a very short time, Moseley produced the first of his two famous papers in which he showed the spectra of K radiation of ten different substances … Moseley arranged the spectra, one below the other in a step-like fashion, in such a way that a given wavelength was in the same position for all spectra. It then became clear by simple inspection of this ‘step ladder’ that the spectrum of K radiation of each element contains two strong lines (which Moseley called Ka (for the longer wavelength) and Kß (for the shorter) and that this pair of lines moves to shorter and shorter wavelengths in a monotonic fashion if one moves step by step from calcium to zinc Moseley's work made it clear once and for all that indeed the position number in the Periodic Table is equal to the number Z of positive elementary charges in the nucleus of an atom. It also showed that Z is more important for the spectroscopic and chemical properties of an atom than the atomic mass number A. This is evident in the case of the elements cobalt (Z = 27, A = 58.9) and nickel (Z = 28, A = 58.7), where even the order in A differs from that in Z.” (Brandt, The Harvest of a Century: Discoveries in Modern Physics in 100 Episodes) PMM 407Evans 62Norman 1599‎

Référence libraire : 60037

‎"MOSELEY, H.G.J. - ESTABLISHING ORDER IN THE PERIODICAL TABLE OF ELEMENTS (PMM 407).‎

‎The High-Frequency Spectra of the Elements. - [INTRODUCING ""ATOMIC NUMBERS""]‎

‎London, 1913. Without wrappers, but stitched. In ""Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"", Vol. 26, No. 156. December 1913. Pp. 937-1058 a. 6 plates.(= the whole issue No 156). Moseley's paper: pp. 854-860 a. 1 plate. Fine and clean.‎

‎First edition of this groundbreaking paper which Rutherford considered A WORK ON PAR WITH THE VERY DISCOVERY OF THE PERIODICAL TABLE, introducing the concept 'Atomic Number'.Moseley notes a regularity in the shifting of spectral lines when the elements (he examines 50 elements) are arranged according to atomic weight. He finds that bombardments of the various elements with cathode rays yeilds a systematic sequence of vibration frequencies, and from this he derives the concept of atomic number, which he recognizes as equal to the nuclear charge.""Moseley, working under Rutherford at Manchester, used the method of X-ray spectroscopy devised by the Braggs to calculate variations in the wave-lenght of the rays emitted by each element. These he was able to arrange in a series according to the nuclear charge of the element. Thus if the nuclear charge of hydrogen is 1, in helium it is 2, in lithium 3, and so on by regular progression to uranium as 92. These figures Moseley called atomic numbers.he pointed out that they also represented a corresponding increase in extra-nuclear electrons and that it is the number and arrangement of these electrons rather than the atomic weight that determines the properties of an element. It was now possible to base the periodical table on a firm foundation, and to state with confidence that the number of elements up to uranium is limited to 92. When Moseley'stable was completed, six atomic numbers had no corresponding elements"" but Moseley himself was able to predict the nature of four of the missing elements.""(Printing and the Mind of Man No. 407). Another paper on the same subject was published by Moseley the next year (1914).An important paper by Rutherford and Richardson is withbound: Analysis of the gamma rays of Thorium and Actinium Products. Pp.937-948 and 1 plate.‎

Référence libraire : 41566

‎"MOSELEY, HENRY GWYN JEFFREYS.‎

‎The High-Frequency Spectra of the Elements. Part (I-) II. - [INTRODUCING ""ATOMIC NUMBERS"" - PMM 407]‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1913-14. 8vo. Bound in two recent uniform full cloth bindings with gilt lettering to spines and front boards. Extracted from ""The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine"" Sixth Series Volume 26 Nos 156 and 160, entire issues offered. A fine and clean set. Pp. 1024-1034 + 1plate"" pp. 703-713.‎

‎First edition of this groundbreaking paper which Rutherford considered A WORK ON PAR WITH THE VERY DISCOVERY OF THE PERIODICAL TABLE, introducing the concept 'Atomic Number'.Moseley notes a regularity in the shifting of spectral lines when the elements (he examines 50 elements) are arranged according to atomic weight. He finds that bombardments of the various elements with cathode rays yeilds a systematic sequence of vibration frequencies, and from this he derives the concept of atomic number, which he recognizes as equal to the nuclear charge.""Moseley, working under Rutherford at Manchester, used the method of X-ray spectroscopy devised by the Braggs to calculate variations in the wave-lenght of the rays emitted by each element. These he was able to arrange in a series according to the nuclear charge of the element. Thus if the nuclear charge of hydrogen is 1, in helium it is 2, in lithium 3, and so on by regular progression to uranium as 92. These figures Moseley called atomic numbers.he pointed out that they also represented a corresponding increase in extra-nuclear electrons and that it is the number and arrangement of these electrons rather than the atomic weight that determines the properties of an element. It was now possible to base the periodical table on a firm foundation, and to state with confidence that the number of elements up to uranium is limited to 92. When Moseley'stable was completed, six atomic numbers had no corresponding elements"" but Moseley himself was able to predict the nature of four of the missing elements.""(Printing and the Mind of Man No. 407). Another paper on the same subject was published by Moseley the next year (1914).‎

Référence libraire : 57201

‎"MOUCHOT, A.‎

‎La Chaleur solaire et ses applications industrielles. 35 Gravures intercalées dans le texte. - [FOUNDING THE SCIENCE OF SOLAR ENERGY]‎

‎Paris, 1869. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. Wrappers frayed at edges, a bit soiled, and with some stains. A bit of brownspotting. Last leaves with a, mostly marginal, damp stain. First few leaves a bit frayed at edges. VII, (1), 238 pp. Illustrated.‎

‎Scarce first edition of the first book explicitly devoted to solar energy, ""Solar Energy and its Industrial Applications"", which coincided with the unveiling of Mouchot's largest solar steam engine, the so-called ""Sun Engine"", in 1869, which caused a revolution in the development of solar thermal power. His 1869 work constitutes a milestone of what we now call ""green energy"", as it laid the foundation for our understanding of the conversion of solar radiation into mechanical power driven by steam.Auguste Mouchot was a French mathematics teacher, who in the 1860'ies became famous as the designer (and patent-taker) of the first machine that generated electricity with solar thermal energy electricity by the exposure of the sun. Mouchot began his work with solar energy in 1860 after expressing grave concerns about his country's dependence on coal. His work on solar energy and on the development of his sun machine forms the basis for the later developments on solar energy. ""The work of Adams, Ericsson, and Shuman had been directly influenced by the solar conceptions of Augustin Mouchot, a man who arrived on the scene in nineteenth century France at precisely that moment when his ideas were likely to attract the most attention. It was a time when French industrial might was at a peak and her leaders open to new ideas, none more so than her emperor. In 1867, to commemorate the explosion of technology that had accompanied the industrial and artistic carnival over which he had presided for 15 years, France's Napoleon III decided to invite the whole world to an international exposition that he would host in Paris."" (Kryza, The Power of Light, p. 147). ""His initial experiments involved a glass-enclosed, water-filled iron cauldron, in which sunlight passed through a glass cover, heating the water. This simple arrangement boiled water, but it also produced small quantities of steam. Mouchot added a reflector to concentrate additional radiation onto the cauldron, thus increasing the steam output. He succeeded in using his apparatus to operate a small, conventional steam engine. Impressed by Mouchot's device, Emperor Napoleon III offered financial assistance, which Mouchot used to produce refinements to the energy system. Mouchot's work help lay the foundation for our current understanding of the conversion of solar radiation into mechanical power driven by steam.The publication of his book on solar energy, ""La Chaleur solaire et ses Applications industrielles"" (1869), coincided with the unveiling of the largest solar steam engine he had yet built. This engine was displayed in Paris until the city fell under siege during the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, and was not found after the siege ended."" (The Energy Library).‎

Référence libraire : 49338

‎"MUSSCHENBROEK, PETERS (PIETER) von.‎

‎Grundlehren der Naturwissenschaft, nach der zweyten lateinischen Ausgabe, nebst einigen neuen Zusätzen des verfassers, ins Deutsche übersetzt. Mit einer Vorrede aus Licht gestellt von Johann Christoph Gottscheden.‎

‎Leipzig, Gottfried Kiesewetter, 1747. Large 8vo. Contemp. full calf. Richly gilt spine. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. A paperlabel pasted on top of spine. Stamps on title-page. And free endpapers renewed. (36),802,(28) pp. and 26 folded engraved plates.‎

‎Scarce first German edition of his ""Elementa physices"". Musschenbroek's famous experiments can be studied here, which contain many illustrations" they deal with the mechanics of rigid bodies, air pressure, heat, cohesion, capillarity, phosphorescence, magnetism, and electricity. Many of these experiments have become classics in elementary instruction.Poggendorff II, 247.‎

Référence libraire : 51155

‎"MØLLER, C.‎

‎Gibbs' Statistical Mechanics in the Theory of Relativity.‎

‎København, Munksgaard, 1968. 4to. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab"", Matematisk-Fysiske Meddelelser 36, 16. Very fine and clean. 44, (2), pp.‎

‎Offprint of Møller's paper on Gibb' statistical mechanics and the Theory of Relativity.‎

Référence libraire : 51326

‎"MØLLER, CHR.‎

‎Zur Theorie des Durchgangs schneller Elektronen durch Materie.‎

‎Kopenhagen, 1932. Orig. printed wrappers. Møller's Doctorial-dissertation, supervised by Niels Bohr, with dedication ""Venlig hilsen/ C.M."" as ""Sonderdruck aus Annalen der Physik"". XXV,(53) pp.‎

Référence libraire : 22801

‎"MØLLER, CHRISTIAN.‎

‎On the Problem of Convergence in Non-Local Field Theories.‎

‎København, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1955. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabgernes Selskab"", Bind 29, nr 6. Very fine and clean. 19 pp.‎

‎Offprint of Møller's paper on on the problem of convergence in non-local field theories.‎

Référence libraire : 51352

‎"NAUR, PETER [EDT].‎

‎A Manual of Gier Algol 4. - [FIRST EDITION OF THE GIER ALGOL 4 MANUAL.]‎

‎Copenhagen, A/S Regnecentralen, 1967. 8vo. In the original yellow printed wrappers. Former owner's stamp (K. Egelund Larsen) to front- and back-wrapper as well as title-page. 89 pp. A bit of wear to extremities, a bit of soiling to wrappers and a few spots to front wrapper. Internally nice and clean.‎

‎First edition of the Gier Algol 4 manual, a users' manual of the Algol 60 compiler system for the Gier computer (known as Gier Algol 4). The Algol 60 programming language was exceedingly influential and innovative and gave rise to many other programming languages, such as BCPL, B, Pascal, Simula and C. It is stated on the title-page that this is the ""Third edition of A Manual of Gier Algol"", which means, not that this is a later printing/edition of the paper, but that it is the third version of Gier Algol, being the 4th paper in the Algol series. ""Where Algol 58 was considered quite properly to be a draft, Algol 60 was appriciated, almost immediately, as a rounded work of art. It was to become a universal tool with which to view, study, and proffer solutions to almost every kind of problem in computation."" (Origins of Cyberspace 813).""The language was designed by a committee of American and European computer scientists to address some of the problems with Fortran programming language. It had significant influence on later programming language design. John Backus developed a method for describing the syntax of the Algol 58 programming language. This was revised and expanded by Peter Nauer for Algol 60 and the resulting approach is known as Backus Naur form."" (O'Regan, Gerard. A brief history of computing, 2008, 80 p.).The Gier Algol 4 was developed by the leading Danish computer scientists at that time: Tove Asmussen, Jørn Jensen, Søren Lauesen, Paul Lindgreen, Per Mondrup, Jørgen Zachariassen and Peter Nauer, the later being a pioneer in computer science" in 2005 he won the ACM A.M. Turing Award for his work on defining the ALGOL 60 programming language. The N in the BNF notation stands for Nauer. (Backus-Naur form).‎

Référence libraire : 43108