‎Einstein‎

‎Albert Einstein Roger Penrose John Stachel‎

‎Einstein's Miraculous Year: Five Papers That Changed the Face of Physics‎

‎Princeton Univ Dept of Art & 1998. Hardcover. New. illustrated edition. 198 pages. 8.75x6.00x0.75 inches. Princeton Univ Dept of Art & hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 1-0691059381 ISBN : 0691059381 9780691059389

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Einstein: My Work in Relativity Supplanted Newtonian Mechanics and Changed Our Notion of Space and Time Forever‎

‎9/9/54. <blockquote><p>The fullest summation we have seen by Einstein comparing relativity to Newtonian concepts of space and time</p></blockquote><p>Immanuel Kant took both Euclidean geometry and the Newtonian laws of motion to be synthetic a priori principles which from Kant’s point of view function as necessary presuppositions for applying our fundamental concepts of space time matter and motion to our sensible experience of the natural world meaning they are fixed necessary conditions. This idea rested on the absolute nature of space and time the work of Newton and the relationship between geometry and physics.</p><p>In 1905 while a young patent clerk and physicist in Bern Switzerland Albert Einstein obtained his doctorate and published a paper that explained his newly developed Special Theory of Relativity. This unlocked many mysteries of the universe and introduced the world to ""e=mc2"" equating mass and the speed of light with energy. It established that time and space are not fixed and in fact change to maintain a constant speed of light regardless of the relative motions of sources and observers. Just 10 years later in 1915 Einstein published his General Theory of Relativity which described the universe as a four-dimensional continuum with time added as the fourth dimension where gravitational effects are explained by the warping of space-time. In this theory Einstein incorporated gravity as a geometric property of space-time.</p><p>The impact of Einstein's work between 1905 and 1915 challenged many principles of physics that had been accepted for centuries. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for his work. Time Magazine named him the Person of the Century for the 20th century for his discoveries in relativity and space-time. Einstein is the most important scientist since Isaac Newton and probably the most famous in history.</p><p>Space and time were considered relativistic more subjective and not the fixed a priori notions that had long permeated the mathematical and scientific worlds.</p><p>Max Fischler was a California scientist who was interested in the implications of this distinction: were space and time now to be studied together in this context only or were the nature of space and the nature of time different</p><p>In special relativity what appears simultaneous to one person might not to another - they are relative. You cannot separate space and time; they occur subjectively and semi-dependently but are not tied to the content of that space.</p><p>With General Relativity space-time remains but matter warps it. It's a field like the sheet of a trampoline but reacts to matter. One needs all four dimensions of space-time and without them the others don't exist. You need matter for space.</p><p>On September 5 1954 he wrote to Einstein: "".Can anything in your theory of Relativity be said to throw new light on the nature of space and time themselves Or must we rest satisfied with the purely new logical treatment of these conceptions In other words does the new view of space and time as space-time carry any new meaning ontologically beyond the purely mathematical and logical relationship between the two. Or to put it differently: When Minkowski in his famous words said 'Space by itself and time by itself must not sink into the mere shadows and only a kind of union of the two can preserve an independent existence' did he not attach some new real meaning to the 'spacetime' which the old independent notions of space and time could not convey If so in what does this new meaning consist.""</p><p>Four days later Einstein replied in this letter:</p><p><strong>Typed letter signed</strong> in German on his personal blind embossed letterhead Princeton September 9 1954 to Max Fishler. <em>""The expression cited in the second paragraph only signifies the wish for logical clarity in the formal expressions. De facto the justification for concepts lies in their ability to comprehend the empirically given.</em></p><p><em>""In classical mechanics space and time were completed existences which had to be presupposed as real a priori in order to give meaning to the laws of motion. It was a reality in the same sense as the reality of matter; even governing the latter. In this sense Kant was entirely wrong.</em></p><p><em>""The case was the same as regards the Special Theory of Relativity only that an objective separation of space and time was abandoned in the sense that there could no longer be any objective simultaneity. Here too the four dimensional space is a reality independently of the physical content of space.</em></p><p><em>""Regarding the General Theory of Relativity however this is principally different. What we call ""space"" is here only an extension of a Field dimensionality hence no longer independent of the content of space. It is real in the same sense as matter but has no real existence independently of matter. When the field is taken away there does not remain any space but just nothing.â€</em></p><p>Letters of Einstein directly relating to relativity are increasingly uncommon and this is one of the finest such letters we have had.</p> unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 18402

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Essays in Humanism‎

‎Literary Licensing LLC 2011. Hardcover. New/New. <p><strong>Author:</strong> Albert Einstein</p><p><strong>Publisher:</strong> Literary Licensing LLC</p><p><strong>Binding:</strong> Hardcover</p><p><strong>ISBN:</strong> 9781258113438</p><p><strong>Release Date:</strong> 2011</p><p><strong>Number Of Pages:</strong> 128</p><p><strong>Details:</strong> In this thought-provoking collection renowned physicist Albert Einstein explores the philosophical underpinnings of humanism providing insights that resonate with both scholars and curious minds alike. The essays delve into the relationship between science and human values emphasizing the importance of ethical reasoning in a rapidly changing world. Readers will appreciate how Einstein articulates the need for a moral framework that supports scientific advancement making this edition a compelling read for anyone interested in the intersection of science philosophy and society.<br /><br />This edition not only showcases Einstein's eloquent writing style but also addresses key topics such as the role of education in fostering humanistic values the significance of personal responsibility and the impact of culture on science. Students and professionals alike will benefit from Einstein's unique perspective which encourages critical thinking and a deeper understanding of what it means to be human in an age of technological progress. Whether you are studying philosophy sociology or the sciences this book offers valuable insights that are still relevant today.</p> Literary Licensing, LLC hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 9781258113438-2025 ISBN : 1258113430 9781258113438

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Essays in humanism‎

‎Philosophical Library 1983. Hardcover. New/New. <p><strong>Author:</strong> Albert Einstein</p><p><strong>Publisher:</strong> Philosophical Library</p><p><strong>Binding:</strong> Hardcover</p><p><strong>ISBN:</strong> 9780802224170</p><p><strong>Release Date:</strong> 1983</p><p><strong>Number Of Pages:</strong> 122</p><p><strong>Details:</strong> Book by Einstein Albert</p> Philosophical Library hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 9780802224170-2025 ISBN : 0802224172 9780802224170

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Essays in Physics‎

‎Hardback. New. hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : B9781258003166 ISBN : 1258003163 9781258003166

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Fleeing the Nazis After Hitler's Rise Einstein Rushes to Save Two of his Closest Scientific Colleagues‎

‎5/5/33. <blockquote><p>Germany as an island of intellectuals is no longer possible he writes blaming the fall of his country and exile of his colleagues on poor education a vestige of Bismarck</p><p> </p><p><em>""I am almost collapsing under all my responsibilities."" </em></p><p> </p><p>A glimpse into the tragic end to the scientific flowering of pre-Nazi Germany along with Einstein's explanation for why it all happened</p><p> </p><p>A rare letter from a brief but consequential period in Einstein's life: after he left Germany but before he arrived in America</p></blockquote><p>Einstein had long been a revered scientist and member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences and was employed by Berlin University. At the beginning of March 1932 he returned to Germany from a visit to the United States where he had discussed heading the soon-to-open Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton New Jersey. He determined to accept and to spend half the year in Berlin and half the year in Princeton. But that year the Nazis were on the rise. It was becoming increasingly obvious to Einstein that his life was in danger. A Nazi organization published a magazine with Einstein’s picture and the caption “Not Yet Hanged†on the cover. There was even a price on his head.</p><p>In December 1932 Einstein again left Germany to be a visiting professor at CalTech in Pasadena California. When Hitler was appointed German chancellor on January 30 1933 the physicist had just arrived in New York on his way to California to lecture on his theory of relativity. Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany was now open swift and often violent. Prominent Jews were denounced by Nazi officials attacked in the media and subjected to violence and arrest. As a vocal opponent of Nazism and a staunch advocate of pacifism Einstein was a particularly attractive target. Fortunately at the time Hitler came to power Einstein was already in the United States. Nonetheless the Nazis publicly agitated against Einstein as a symbol of “Jewish degeneracy†and accused him of spreading “atrocity propaganda.†In February and March 1933 the Gestapo repeatedly raided his family’s apartment in Berlin.</p><p>Despite his own March 15 1933 declaration of self-imposed exile from Nazi Germany as well as warnings from friends that it was too dangerous to return Einstein and his wife decided to travel back to Germany intending to visit their summer cottage. At the end of March they arrived in Antwerp on the SS Belgenland owned by the shipping company Red Star Line. There they learned that Nazis had ransacked their cottage in Caputh at which point they decided that re-entering Germany was unwise.</p><p>In April 1933 Einstein discovered that the new German government had passed laws barring Jews from holding any official positions including teaching at universities. Thousands of Jewish scientists were suddenly forced to give up their university positions and their names were removed from the rolls of institutions where they were employed. Einstein was now without a permanent home unsure where he would live and work and equally worried about the fate of countless other scientists still in Germany. He rented a house in De Haan Belgium where he lived for a few months. In late July 1933 he went to England for about six weeks where he was introduced to Winston Churchill. Einstein asked Churchill to help bring Jewish scientists out of Germany. British historian Martin Gilbert notes that Churchill responded immediately and sent his friend physicist Frederick Lindemann to Germany to seek out Jewish scientists and place them in British universities. In October 1933 Einstein returned to the US and took up his position at the Institute for Advanced Study. He had already revoked his German citizenship in Brussels and handed in his notice at Berlin University. He would never return to Germany.</p><p>Michele Angelo Besso was a Swiss/Italian engineer. A Sephardic Jew by birth he was a close friend of Einstein during his years at the Federal Polytechnic Institute in Zurich and then at the patent office in Bern where Einstein helped him to get a job. Einstein called Besso ""the best sounding board in Europe"" for scientific ideas. In Einstein's original paper on special relativity he ended the paper stating ""In conclusion let me note that my friend and colleague M. Besso steadfastly stood by me in my work on the problem here discussed and that I am indebted to him for many a valuable suggestion.""</p><p>After his resignation in 1890 Otto von Bismarck was venerated as unified Germany’s founding father not only during the remaining twenty-eight years of the monarchy but also albeit less emphatically in the Weimar Republic in Nazi Germany and in the Federal Republic. Throughout Germany numerous Bismarck statues are testament to the admiration. Hamburg has three. His memorialisation even went beyond Germany; the capital of the US state of North Dakota for example is named after him. Einstein was evidently not a proponent of the erstwhile unifier of Germany. As Einstein wrote of Bismarck’s influence ""The characteristic feature of this mentality is that people place the importance of what Bertrand Russell so tellingly terms “naked power†far above all other factors which affect the relations between peoples. The Germans misled by Bismarck’s successes in particular underwent just such a transformation of their mentality—in consequence of which they were entirely ruined in less than a hundred years.""</p><p>In this letter he encourages Besso to let him have his suggestions for saving Hermann Weyl from the regime – through substituting him for Einstein on a proposed trip to Spain would seem disastrously tactless. He sends his regards to Anna Besso with the rueful remark that the German example bodes ill for an intellectual utopia which she had proposed.  Weyl would go on work with him at Princeton.</p><p>These two men were among Einstein's closest friends and colleague - Jewish or closely tied to Jewish relatives.  He is rushing to get them out.</p><p><strong>Typed letter signed</strong> in German Le Coq-sur-mer Belgium May 5th 1933 to Besso. <em>""Dear Michele! I was not affected personally but just about everybody else who is kind of close to me was. Bismarck’s dismal education policy is wreaking havoc again with the German people.</em></p><p><em>""I would love to follow your suggestion regarding Weyl if I saw any possibility at all especially since I am almost collapsing under all my responsibilities. Even the slightest attempt to replace me with someone else in Spain would without a doubt be perceived as extremely upsetting. Have you not thought of that</em></p><p><em>""Rushed greetings to you Albert.""</em></p><p>He writes a postscript: <em>""Greetings to Anna from me and tell her she can judge herself based on the current German conditions what her concept of 'island of intellectuals' would look like.""<br /></em></p><p>In July 1933 upon Einstein’s request a committee of 51 American artists intellectuals and political leaders came together to form the International Relief Association. Among them were the philosopher John Dewey the writer John Dos Passos and the theologian Reinhold Niebuhr. Other prominent citizens including First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt soon joined the effort. Its mission as The New York Times reported on July 24 1933 was to “assist Germans suffering from the policies of the Hitler regime.â€</p><p>But Einstein did much more. He tried to persuade political leaders in the United States and Europe to take action to help the Jewish populations at risk particularly those of his colleagues in Germany's scientific community which was very hard hit. He worked tirelessly to help Jewish refugees escape the Nazis and to find them places of refuge and employment. Many immigrants to the United States during the mid to late 1930s were Jewish between 1939 and 1940 more than half of all immigrants were Jews most of them refugees fleeing persecution in Europe.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-22732 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204162353/Folder-site-1600x1327.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""1327"" /></p> unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 22568

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Geometrie und Erfahrung: Erweiterte Fassung des Festvortrages Gehalten an der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin am 27. Januar 1921‎

‎new. unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 43483586-n ISBN : 3642496113 9783642496110

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎German Essays on Science in the 20th Century: Albert Einstein Werner Heisenberg Max Planck and OT‎

‎Paperback. New. New Book; Fast Shipping from UK; Not signed; Not First Edition; N/A paperback‎

Riferimento per il libraio : ria9780826407474_inp ISBN : 0826407471 9780826407474

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Grundzüge der Relativitätstheorie Albert Einstein‎

‎Grundzüge der Relativitätstheorie <br/><br/>Grundzüge der Relativitätstheorie Albert Einstein unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : BN303257 ISBN : 3528160586 9783528160586

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Ideas and Opinions‎

‎London: The Folio Society 2010. 1st Thus. Hardcover. As New/No Dust Jacket. Octavo. pp XVIII 370. 1st printing. An unread book in a fine condition slipcase showing slight use. The Folio Society hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 042673

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎IDEAS AND OPINIONS‎

‎New York: Crown Publishers 1954. First Edition; First Printing. Hardcover. Very Good in boards. Crown Publishers hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 215859

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎IDEAS AND OPINIONS‎

‎New York: Bonanza Books 1988. Hardcover. Near Fine in a Near Fine dust jacket. Light crease on front flap.; 8.1 X 5.6 X 1.3 inches; 384 pages. Bonanza Books hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 154135 ISBN : 0517003937 9780517003930

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎IDEAS AND OPINIONS‎

‎New York: Bonanza Books 1988. Hardcover. Very Good in a Very Good dust jacket. ; 8.1 X 5.6 X 1.3 inches; 384 pages. Bonanza Books hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 124910 ISBN : 0517003937 9780517003930

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎In a Detailed and Unpublished Letter on Classical and Quantum Physics Albert Einstein Issues a Treatise – a Scientific Explanation – Underpinning His Belief That the Universe Cannot Be Random‎

‎17/02/1953. <blockquote><p>In this letter from Einstein to David Bohm Einstein discusses the importance of connecting a key principle of the relatively new theory of quantum mechanics the “Born interpretation†to physical quantities that can be measured in the real world. To him it is essential that mathematical theories be connected to measurable quantities. In this letter Einstein’s uneasiness with quantum mechanics is apparent saying that validation of the seemingly random quantum mechanics “…can only be done on the basis of classical mechanics.†Without this validation quantum theory has essentially “no controllable meaning.â€</p><p> </p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-22637 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204163327/Einstein-born-2-e1639117238988-1600x656.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""656"" /></p></blockquote><p>Max Born was a renowned physicist who was crucial for the development of quantum mechanics and also the Ph.D. supervisor of many important physicists including J. Robert Oppenheimer. Quantum mechanics describes the weird behavior of tiny subatomic particles. It’s also the guiding theory that led to critical technologies like nuclear power MRI machines and transistors in computers and phones. One of Born’s biggest contributions to quantum mechanics was the interpretation of the probability density which is a mathematical operation performed on the “psi-function†in Einstein’s words to predict the most probable physical quantities of a quantum particle. Einstein believed that probabilities only make sense if you can determine the values that they predict independently by measurement. This is easy to do in classical Newtonian mechanics the physics of big things in everyday life. But Einstein said we can’t measure it for something like a “bound electron†i.e. an electron in an atom. In order to interpret Born’s probability density function you need to connect the mathematics to real values.  Einstein’s correspondence with Born on this subject is published and famous.</p><p>To Einstein the universe is observable and measurable.</p><p>When confronted with one of the principle tenets of Quantum Mechanics Einstein remarked now famously “Quantum mechanics is very imposing. But an inner voice tells me that it is not the real McCoy. The theory delivers a lot but hardly brings us closer to the secret of the Old One God. I for one am convinced that He does not throw dice.†This statement was made in one of those significant letters to Born.  What he meant here is that rules of science cannot be random and in the rolling of dice we would have to accept unknown variables and therefore be unable to predict precisely via objective measurements.  Therefore in Quantum Mechanics as in gambling an uncertainty of measurement exists. And to Einstein the universe is observable and measurable. He did not object to Quantum Mechanics per se; indeed he made notable contributions. But he eschewed any reliance on what was not observable and knowable.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-22634 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204163356/Einstein-born-5-e1639117103621-1600x616.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""616"" /></p><p>David Joseph Bohm was an American scientist who has been described as one of the most significant theoretical physicists of the 20th century and who contributed unorthodox ideas to quantum theory neuropsychology and the philosophy of mind.  His first book Quantum Theory published in 1951 was well received by Einstein among others. But Bohm became dissatisfied with the orthodox interpretation of quantum theory he had written about in that book.Bohm’s aim was not to set out a deterministic mechanical viewpoint but to show that it was possible to attribute properties to an underlying reality in contrast to the conventional approach. He began to develop his own interpretation the De Broglie–Bohm theory also called the Pilot wave theory the predictions of which agreed perfectly with the non-deterministic quantum theory. He initially referred to his approach as a hidden variable theory. Bohm originally hoped that hidden variables could provide a local causal objective description that would resolve or eliminate many of the paradoxes of Quantum Mechanics  the measurement problem and the collapse of the wavefunction. However Bell’s theorem complicates this hope as it demonstrates that there can be no local hidden variable theory that is compatible with the predictions of Quantum Mechanics.  The Bohmian interpretation is causal but not local. Albert Einstein who had suggested that Bohm search for a realist alternative to the prevailing Copenhagen approach did not consider Bohm’s interpretation to be a satisfactory answer to the quantum question.</p><p>The Copenhagen interpretation is an expression of the meaning of Quantum Mechanics that was largely devised in the years 1925 to 1927 by Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. It remains one of the most commonly taught interpretations of Quantum Mechanics.  According to the Copenhagen interpretation physical systems generally do not have definite properties prior to being measured and Quantum Mechanics can only predict the probabilities that measurements will produce certain results. The act of measurement affects the system causing the set of probabilities to reduce to only one of the possible values immediately after the measurement.</p><p>In classical mechanics a particle has at every moment an exact position and an exact momentum. These values change deterministically as the particle moves according to Newton’s laws. Under the Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum Mechanics particles do not have exactly determined properties and when they are measured the result is randomly drawn from a probability distribution. The Schrödinger equation predicts what the probability distributions are but fundamentally cannot predict the exact result of each measurement.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-22633 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204163406/Einstein-born-e1639117155596-1600x360.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""360"" /></p><p><strong>Typed letter signed</strong> on his blind embossed letterhead February 17 1953 Professor Bohm.  <em>“Dear Bohm:  I thank you very much for the prompt reaction to my little article. I did of course not expect that you would agree with me. For scarcely anyone is inclined to abandon an enterprise in which le has invested a great deal of work.</em></p><p><em>“I do not want to answer your letter in detail although it deserves it very much. Only a short remark concerning the interpretation of Born’s standpoint:</em></p><p><em>“According to Born the physical meaning of the psi-function follows: it determines probabilities f.i. for the value of impulses. this makes sense only if the impulse is defined independently of the mathematical theory by some feasible measurement. This can only be done on the basis of classical mechanics. F.i. if one has calculated the impulse of a bound electron on the basis of a psi-function then this result has no controllable meaning. For there is no possibility to measure such a thing not even approximately. However if one has to do with a makro-object which is at least temporarily approximately free then one is able to determine experimentally at least approximately its impulsef.i. through two successive snapshots or through radar. If it is at all possible to attribute meaning to Born’s interpretation then the impulse the probability of which appears in the theory has to be put equal to the impulse thus measured. Classical approxi_mate measurement of the impulse is however in my example very well feasible without first removing the walls and then waiting some time. Born’s probability therefore has to be interpreted as relative to the impulse thus measured if this probability is to have any meaning at all.</em></p><p><em>“The vanishing of position-probability for the nodes offers no difficulty though it is true that this fact excludes the interpretation of the process as a motion in the strict sense of the word. For the factual process will only approximately be describable as a motion as f.i. the action of a gas upon a small part of the wall is describable only approximately by the concept of pressure.</em></p><p><em>“With regard to the publication of your remarks in the Born volume I have some scruples the reason for which you will readily understand. I have sent a copy of my article to you but not to de Broglie because this would have seemed to me somewhat pretentious. If therefore your answer would be published together with my remarks without de Broglie having had the possibility to do the same he might feel it as an unkindness from my side.</em></p><p><em>“This would be avoided if you would send De Broglie my remarks together with your reply adding that you do this with my consent. If you have done this and have received his reaction to it – then the editors of the Born volume can be approached in the matter. I would consider it as reasonable and justified to do so.â€</em></p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-22636 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204163341/Einstein-born-3-1-e1639117201589-1600x672.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""672"" /></p><p>This is a remarkably detailed scientific letter mentioning numerous significant physicists containing a hand-drawn symbol and directly relating to his important theories. It is also in a sense his defense of his own work including relativity.</p><p><span style=""color: #222222; font-family: arial sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px;""> </span></p> unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 15362

‎Albert EINSTEIN‎

‎Les fondements de la théorie de la relativité générale - Théorie unitaire de la gravitation et de l'électricité - Sur la structure cosmologique de l'espace • Foundations of the Theory of General Relativity – Unified Theory of Gravitation and Electricity – On the Cosmological Structure of Space‎

‎Paris: Hermann & Cie 1933. Fine. Hermann & Cie Paris 1933 16 x 25 cm Broché First edition of the French translation illustrated with a photographic portrait of Albert Einstein as frontispiece. A small loss at the foot of the spine which also shows rubbing along the joints upper right corner of the front board starting to come loose a slight marginal tear just below pleasant internal condition manuscript bookplate at the head of a flyleaf. Annotations and markings in red pen on pages 8 and 9. Work illustrated with figures in the text. Hermann & Cie unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 91965

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematical Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity‎

‎Hardcover. New. New Book; Fast Shipping from UK; Not signed; Not First Edition; The theory which is sketched in the following pages forms the most wide-going generalization conceivable of what is at present known as "the theory of Relativity;" this latter theory I differentiate from the former "Special Relativity t hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : ria9781006727146_inp ISBN : 1006727140 9781006727146

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen Volume 45‎

‎Hardback. New. hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : A9781345555813 ISBN : 1345555814 9781345555813

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen; Volume 29‎

‎Hardback. New. hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : B9781020331084 ISBN : 1020331089 9781020331084

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen; Volume 44‎

‎Hardback. New. hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : B9781021110886 ISBN : 1021110884 9781021110886

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen; Volume 44‎

‎Hardcover. New. New Book; Fast Shipping from UK; Not signed; Not First Edition; Mathematische Annalen is a seminal mathematics journal that has published many groundbreaking papers and provided a venue for the most important mathematical discoveries of the past century. This anthology contains some of the most impo hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : ria9781021110886_inp ISBN : 1021110884 9781021110886

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen; Volume 9‎

‎like new. unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 47003244 ISBN : 1020098473 9781020098475

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mathematische Annalen Volume 48‎

‎Hardback. New. hardcover‎

Riferimento per il libraio : A9781345247725 ISBN : 1345247729 9781345247725

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Mere Weeks After Hitler's Rise to Power Einstein Speaks on the Growing Global Chaos and Threat to Minorities: “The main thing is that minority groups should be allowed security in the community.â€‎

‎15/02/1933. <blockquote><p>He revises the typescript of his interview with the War Resisters League of which he was Honorary Chairman and calls out William Randolph Hearst and the head of the press and film empire in Germany who aided Hitler’s rise</p><p> </p><p>On philosophy: “The intellect without the emotions is insignificantâ€; On racism: “The main thing is that minority groups should be allowed security in the community.†They ought to be “accepted with friendliness as equal membersâ€</p><p> </p><p>On the press: He criticizes William Randolph Heart by name but says “The freedom of the press is necessary despite all the dangers or abuse that come with it.â€.</p><p> </p><p>On pacifism and peace keeping: “A pacifist is one who believes in his heart that to go to war is beneath the dignity of a human being†“Society needs some form of organization for security and protection in international life†and “An international police force…is almost absolutely necessary as one step toward achieving peace. Force when used by an impartial third party to achieve law and order it's not contrary to pacifismâ€.</p><p> </p><p>This document has never previously been offered for sale and was acquired by us from the family that has had it all this time</p></blockquote><p>Einstein was well known as a pacifist until Hitler’s rise to power. In 1930 on his second visit to America he joined the War Resisters League and accepted the office of Honorary Chairman. Einstein spoke to the organization that year saying “True pacifists must publicly declare in time of peace that they will not take up arms under any circumstances… even if only 2% of those assigned to perform military service should announce their refusal to fight governments would be powerless they would not dare send such a large number of people to jail.†The league then issued a pamphlet “Einstein on War Resistance†that was widely read and discussed.</p><p>Meanwhile back in Germany the rising Nazi movement found a convenient target in Einstein and relativity branding the latter “Jewish physics†and sponsoring conferences and book burnings to denounce Einstein and his theories. The Nazis even enlisted other physicists to denounce Einstein; “One Hundred Authors Against Einstein†was published in 1931. When asked to comment on this denunciation of relativity by so many scientists Einstein replied that to defeat relativity one did not need the word of 100 scientists just one fact.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-24605 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204150044/Einstein-Feb-15-1933-3-1-1600x209.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""209"" /></p><p>In December 1932 Einstein decided to leave Germany. The reason: it became obvious to him that his life was in danger. A Nazi organization published a magazine with Einstein’s picture and the caption “Not Yet Hanged†on the cover. There was even a price on his head. In January 1933 Einstein came to the United States to serve at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena California as a visiting professor. The appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor took effect late that month and Einstein decided he would not return to his home in Germany where he had been a professor at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He would instead return to Europe and assess the situation from there. He and his wife Elsa returned by ship to Belgium in March 1933 to find that that their residences in Germany had been raided numerous times. Einstein accepted the fact that he could not return to Germany and turned in his passport to the German consulate; he also formally renounced his German citizenship. By the summer Einstein learned that his name was on a list of assassination targets. He resided in Belgium for some months and then moved to England for a short period. On October 17 1933 he returned to the US and took up a position at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton in New Jersey. And there he remained until his death.</p><p>On February 15 1933 after Hitler had taken power but before Einstein learned that his homes had been raided he granted an interview to the War Resisters League at the home of one of its officials John Dorland. Dorland wanted the interview to be read aloud at the upcoming March 2 meeting of the members in Pasadena. He prepared a five page typescript of the interview and sent it to Einstein to review. As Dorland said in his cover letter to Einstein “Would you be kind enough to read it and if the answers misrepresent you in any detail may we request that you revise it in such particular as we are very anxious to have these correct.†He also asked Einstein's permission to read the interview aloud.</p><p>This is the <strong>original typescript</strong> of the Einstein interview sent to Einstein by Dorland complete with Einstein’s handwritten notations. It is the only such annotated interview of Einstein that we have seen and it covers important topics.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-24606 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204150037/Einstein-Feb-15-1933-2-1-1600x247.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""247"" /></p><p>On page one Einstein makes it clear he was not ready to abandon his resistance to war. <em>“The War Resistersâ€</em> he stated at the interview <em>“are doing a fine work. They have done more than any other peace group. A strong organized minority who have declared themselves absolutely against war is very powerful.â€</em> Question from Dorland. <em>“Can we hope to convince everybody†Answer: “Oh no we cannot convince everybody but we do not need to. One strong man is worth much and has great influence Individuals thoroughly convinced and small groups working earnestly are of the utmost value.â€</em> Q: <em>“In trying to arouse interest is it better to appeal to the intellect or the emotionsâ€</em> A: <em>“To both; the intellect without the emotions is insignificant.â€</em></p><p>On page two Einstein states that “<em>Public protests are very valuableâ€</em> as is control over munitions production. <em>“The private munitions business is a great threat to the peace of the world and there should be government control. Public opinion is not yet awake to the atrocities of the munitions firms.â€</em> Then Dorland changes the subject to <em>“race relations.â€</em> Einstein responded <em>“The main thing is that minority groups should be allowed security in the community.â€</em> Then Einstein hand writes in some thoughts. If they are not afforded such security <em>“they should isolate themselves from the rest of society since they are not accepted with friendliness as equal members.â€</em> Then some fascinating free thoughts emerge. Clearly thinking of the Jews in Germany he crosses out <em>“It insecurity is not so badâ€</em> and instead says <em>“They can achieve a healthy existenceâ€</em>. But thinking of the current situation he finishes the thought by adding at least <em>“Up until now!â€</em> He surely had less confidence about the future.</p><p>On page three Einstein discusses the part to be played by international organizations. “<em>The main thing is organization. Disputes will always come but we must have other methods than war for settling them. Society needs some form of organization for security and protection in international life.â€</em> Einstein then writes in <em>“Obligatory court of arbitration. Unconditional obligation of the states to accept their verdicts and enforce them.â€</em> He is then asked which is less threatening to the progress of peace a professional army or universal military conscription. Einstein answers<em> “The professional army is better because then only the professional soldiers become imbued with the military spirit.â€</em> Asked about Japan leaving the League of Nations he hand writes <em>“It is better to let Japan secede from the League of Nations rather than have it the League compromised by a bad compromise.â€</em> Sooner let them go than compromise principles to keep them in. Lastly he is asked for his definition of a pacifist and responds <em>“A pacifist is one who believes in his heart that to go to war is beneath the dignity of a human being.â€</em></p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-24607 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204150030/Einstein-Feb-15-1933-5-1-1600x242.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""242"" /></p><p>On page four Einstein continues by saying that a pacifist <em>“must be active in the prevention of war; that is he must support justice arbitration and conciliation.â€</em> In terms of having some international force enforce the peace Einstein is in favor. <em>“an international police force as suggested by the French is almost absolutely necessary as one step toward achieving peace. Force when used by an impartial third party to achieve law and order it's not contrary to pacifism. This international force would exist only for a transition perhaps 20 years.â€</em> Dorland then asks Einstein <em>“What do you think of the control over public opinion by the pressâ€</em> Einstein in the interview stated it was not good but in this document he elaborated further. <em>“The freedom of the press is necessary despite all the dangers or abuse that come with it. This is the point with the biggest dependence of the peace movement peace work on economic circumstances. Hearst in America and Hugenberg in Germany demonstrate this fact with frightening clarityâ€.</em> Alfred Hugenberg was the head of a press and film empire in Germany who aided Hitler’s rise. Einstein’s comparison of William Randolph Hearst with him is interesting. He clearly feels that the press in the wrong hands motivated by profit and political power was a danger. The next question was <em>“Are religious bodies a power for peaceâ€</em> Einstein’s answer: <em>“Not greatly now.â€</em></p><p>On the final page Einstein states his belief that though no one can change human nature <em>“we can change traditional institutions.â€</em></p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-24608 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204150023/Einstein-Feb-15-1933-4-1-1600x231.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""231"" /></p><p>This document is full of gems: <em>“The intellect without the emotions is insignificantâ€; “The main thing is that minority groups should be allowed security in the community.â€</em> They ought to be <em>“accepted with friendliness as equal membersâ€; “Society needs some form of organization for security and protection in international lifeâ€; “A pacifist is one who believes in his heart that to go to war is beneath the dignity of a human beingâ€; “An international police force…is almost absolutely necessary as one step toward achieving peace. Force when used by an impartial third party to achieve law and order it's not contrary to pacifismâ€</em>; and “<em>The freedom of the press is necessary despite all the dangers or abuse that come with it.â€</em></p><p>This is a great and fascinating rarity. A search of public sale records going back over 40 years turns up only one other example of an Einstein annotated interview nor have we ever had one.</p><p>It wasn’t long in 1933 before the intensity of the threat from Naziism convinced Einstein that only force would be a deterrent a Hitler triumph. He resigned from the War Resisters League later in 1933. To Einstein pacifism became not an absolute concept but one that had to be re-examined depending on the magnitude of the threat.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-24457 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204150746/Folder-site-8-1600x1327.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""1327"" /></p> unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 24462

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Music Lover Albert Einstein Reaches Out to Aid a Hero of the Holocaust and Old Friend Who Has Just Escaped from Germany and Who Sought to Obtain a Flute‎

‎11/9/41. <blockquote><p>A generous demonstration by Einstein of his loyalty to friends and belief in the importance of music</p></blockquote><p>Dr. Theodor Rosenheim was a physician at the famed Medical University Clinic of the Charité in Germany in the 1880s. He was primarily concerned with the physiology and pathology of the digestive tract. He published an early textbook on the “Pathologie und Therapie der Krankheiten des Verdauungsapparatesâ€. Rosenheim was one of the first in Germany to describe and publish on ulcerative colitis. He was intensively involved in the technical development of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy which at that time were only possible with rigid instruments. The Rosenheim line which was named after him described the largest diagonal diameter of the gastric percussion figure.</p><p>Rosenheim was appointed professor extraordinarius at Berlin University in 1921. He also founded a polyclinic and a private sanatorium for stomach and intestinal patients. He was well respected in Berlin and his private practice developed successfully with a large circle of patients including Albert Einstein.</p><p>Theodor’s wife was Hedwig Rosenheim and their daughter Kate was a hero of the Holocaust. She helped several thousand children from Jewish families to escape from Germany. She personally accompanied the legendary Kindertransporte to England among other places. She travelled to the USA in 1936 to negotiate directly with the aid organizations there. She then returned to Germany to actively continue the aid campaigns. Theodor died in 1939. Käte Rosenheim was able to flee Berlin together with her 72-year-old mother Hedwig Rosenheim on January 23 1941. They reached Havana Cuba via France Spain and Portugal. From there they were able to continue to New York where they arrived on April 1 1941.</p><p>Albert Einstein was an accomplished violinist and music lover who was inspired by music in his scientific work. He often said that he would have been a musician if he hadn't pursued science. Another music lover was Hedwig Rosenheim. She had escaped Germany without her possessions especially her precious musical instruments. Upon arrival in the United States she contacted the old family friend Albert Einstein hoping he could help her get a flute either for herself or another escapee one who may have agreed to look for her. Einstein was sympathetic and rose to the occasion. He even contributed some of his personal funds to secure the flute.</p><p><strong>Typed letter signed</strong> his vacation house in Knollwood at Saranac Lake N.Y. September 11 1941 to his old friend Mrs. Hedwig Rosenheim in New York City.<em> “ The matter of i.e. the quest for the flute shall not fail. First one should know what the committee is giving out – or loaning. Second there is the Hebrew Free Loan Society 108 Second Ave. New York which in such cases provides interest-free loans in exchange for the backing of two guarantors. I will serve as a guarantor and contribute 20 dollars on top of that. The man should visit both institutions and can show this letter. In the hope of receiving a positive report soon I remain with warm greetings your A. Einstein.â€</em> <em>“PS. Starting next week my address will again be in Princeton.â€</em> The committee he referred may have been the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee though there were others as well.</p><p>It shows a lot about Einstein - his generosity his continued concern for old friends who had escaped from Germany and love for music - that he volunteered to make a personal financial contribution to obtaining the flute.</p><p><img class=""alignnone wp-image-25018 size-post-window"" src=""https://cdn.raabcollection.com/wp-content/uploads/20231204144051/Folder-site-11-1600x1327.jpg"" alt="""" width=""1600"" height=""1327"" /></p> unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 32622

‎Albert Einstein‎

‎Oeuvres choisies tome 5 : Science éthique philosophie Albert Einstein‎

‎Seuil / CNRS Editions. Oeuvres choisies tome 5 : Science éthique philosophie <br/><br/>Oeuvres choisies tome 5 : Science éthique philosophie Albert Einstein Seuil / CNRS Editions unknown‎

Riferimento per il libraio : BN327717 ISBN : 2020101785 9782020101783