‎Einstein‎

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE NOBEL-PRIZE PAPER.‎

‎Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung und Lichtsabsorption" (Eingegangen 13. März 1906). (On the Theory of Light Production and Light Absorption).‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1906). No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"" Vierte Folge. Bd. 20. Pp. 199-206. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of one of the papers for which Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. It was for the papers ""Ueber einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt"" of 1905 and ""Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung...( Theory of light emission and absorption), the offered item, that Einstein received the prize: ""for his services to theoretical physics and especially for his discoveryof the law of the photoelectrical effect"" - his reward was not based on relativity.""The quantum theory has affected virtually every branch of physics. Its earliest and one of its most significant developments was Einstein's application of the theory to what is known as the 'photo-electrical effect'....Einstein explained this effext by suggesting that the classical view that light is emitted in the form of continous waves must be abandoned. The photo-electrical effect could be explained only as an example of quantum action where the waves of light or X-rays are emitted in minute particles or bullets. It is he size of the bullet (the wave-lenght of the radiation) which determines the number of electrons ejected. It was for this, and not for the theory of relativity, that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. Einstein's two fundamental papers on this subject are ""Ueber einem Erzeugung...."" 1905 and Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung (the paper offered here)"" (PMM the note to 391).Weil: 12 (with an asterix, denoting a major paper) - Boni:12.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46956

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE PHOTOELECTRIC EQUATION.‎

‎Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung und Lichtsabsorption (withbound:) Das princip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunktsbewegung und die Trägheit der Energie" (2 papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1906. Bound together in one contemp. halfcalf. Spine gilt. Minor scratches to spine. A stamp to titlepage and htitle. ""Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 20. Herausgegeben von Paul Drude."" , Portrait (Paul Drude), VIII,1048 pp. and 6 plates. Einstein papers: pp. 199-206 and 627-33. The entire volume offered.‎

‎Both papers first edition. It was for the papers ""Ueber einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt"" of 1905 and ""Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung...( Theory of light emission and absorption), the offered item), that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921.""The quantum theory has affected virtually every branch of physics. Its earliest and one of its most significant developments was Einstein's application of the theory to what is known as the 'photo-electrical effect'....Einstein explained this effext by suggesting that the classical view that light is emitted in the form of continous waves must be abandoned. The photo-electrical effect could be explained only as an example of quantum action where the waves of light or X-rays are emitted in minute particles or bullets. It is he size of the bullet (the wave-lenght of the radiation) which determines the number of electrons ejected. It was for this, and not for the theory of relativity, that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. Einstein's two fundamental papers on this subject are ""Ueber einem Erzeugung...."" 1905 and Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung (the paper offered here)"" (PMM the note to 391). In the second paper (Principle of the conservation of the centre of mass motion and the inertia of energy) he shows that the conservation of mass is a special application of his energy principle (E= Mc2) - Weil: 12 & 13.Among the many papers in this volume we have Max von Laue: Zur Thermodynamik der Inteferenzerscheinungen. pp. 365-378.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46962

‎"EINSTEIN, A.‎

‎Address at the University of Nottingham.‎

‎New York, The Science Press, 1930. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary black full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Science"", Vol. 71, 1930. Small stamp to lower part of front free end-paper. Otherwise a very fine and clean copy. Pp.608-10. [Entire volume: VIII, 670 pp + advertisements].‎

‎First printing. Einstein was invited to give a lecture at the University of Nottingham by a lecturer there, Henry Brose, who also acted as interpreter. Einstein came with his wife Elsa on 6th June 1930. He was due to start the lecture at 3.45pm but did not arrive until 6.30 as he took a detour to visit the birth place of Isaac Newton. The blackboard on which he wrote was quickly varnished over when the lecture was over and is still preserved in the university. While in Nottingham Einstein commented on George Green's contribution to mathematics, saying that he had been 20 years ahead of his time.Weil no 174a.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46969

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - INTRODUCING ""PROBABILITY"" IN QUANTUM PHYSICS.‎

‎Die Plancksche Theorie der Strahlung und die Theorie der spezifischen Wärme. (+) Berichtigung zu meiner Arbeit: ""Die Plancksche Theorie der Strahlung etc.""""‎

‎Berlin, J.A. Barth, 1907. 8vo. 2 issues, to both the original printed yellow wrappers. No backstrip. Wrappers loose. In: ""Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 22"", No. 1. and No. 4. Pp. 1-208, 1 fold. plate a. 1 portrait (P. Curie) a. pp. 609-800, 1 plate. (Entire issues offered). Einsteins paper: pp. 180-190 and p. 800. Astamp to verso of plates and a few leaves. THE PRINTED WRAPPERS LOOSE.‎

‎First printing of a major paper in Quantum Theory, introducing the first systematic introduction of probability factors in Quantum Theory.""From 1905 through 1909 Einstein published five major papers on the hypothesis of energy quanta, its theoretical implications, and its use in the explanation of various phenomena. Among these papers we have his importent paper ""Die Plancksche..."" and in his second paper from 1906d he asserted that Planck's derivation implicitly assumes quantification of the enrgies of charged oscillators. Now (in the paper offered) he returned to this question, showing that, if the structure function in phase space he had introduced earlier is assumed to restrict the oscillators to orbits with energies that are integral mulætiples of 'hv', then the average oscillator energy in a canonical ensemble yealds Planck's law, when substituted in eg. The works contains the first systematic introduction of probability factors in the mathematics of Quantum Theory."" Weil: nos 15 (1-2 with an asterix, denoting a major paper). - Boni: 15.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47020

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - EINSTEINS FOURTH PAPER.‎

‎Eine Theorie der Grundlagen der Thermodynamik"‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1903. Contemp. hcloth. Handwritten paperlabel on spine. In: ""Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 11. Herausgegeben von Paul Drude."". VIII,1144pp. and 6 plates. (Entire volume offered). The Einstein paper: pp. 170-187. Faint signs of dampstains in outer margins on a few leaves.‎

‎First edition of Einsteins fourth paper. In his paper from 1902, Einstein ""says in his introduction that nobody has yet succeeded in deriving the conditions of thermal equilibrium and of the second law of thermodynamics from probability considerations, although Maxwell and Boltzmann came near to it. Willard Gibbs is not mentioned. In fact, Einstein's paper was written in ignorance of Gibbs paper published 1901. In the present paper, Einstein builds the theory on another basis not used by Gibbs, namely on the consideration of a single system in course of time (later called ""Zeit-Gesamtheit"", time assembly), and proves that this is equivalent to a certain virtual assembly of many systems, Gibb's micro-canonical assembly...Einstein at once proceeded to apply his theorems to a case of utmost importance, namely to systems of a size suited for demonstrating the reality of molecules and the correctness of the kinetic theory of matter.""(Walter Alicke). First edition of Einsteins fourth paper. In his paper from 1902, Einstein ""says in his introduction that nobody has yet succeeded in deriving the conditions of thermal equilibrium and of the second law of thermodynamics from probability considerations, although Maxwell and Boltzmann came near to it. Willard Gibbs is not mentioned. In fact, Einstein's paper was written in ignorance of Gibbs paper published 1901. In the present paper, Einstein builds the theory on another basis not used by Gibbs, namely on the consideration of a single system in course of time (later called ""Zeit-Gesamtheit"", time assembly), and proves that this is equivalent to a certain virtual assembly of many systems, Gibb's micro-canonical assembly...Einstein at once proceeded to apply his theorems to a case of utmost importance, namely to systems of a size suited for demonstrating the reality of molecules and the correctness of the kinetic theory of matter.""(Walter Alicke). - Weil No. 4 - Boni No 4.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47072

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Zum hundertjährigen Gedenktag von Lord Kelvins Geburt.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1924. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Die Naturwissenschaften"", 12. Jahrg, 1924. The whole year offered. ""12"" written in hand to spine, otherwise a very fine and clean copy. Pp. 601-602. [Entire volume: XXV, (1), 1412, 60 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Einstein's paper on Lord Kelvin and his scientific work. The occasion was the Centenary Year of Thomson's birth and Einstein wrote 'Zum hundertjährigen Gedenktag von Lord Kelvins Geburt (26. Juni 1824)'. In the mid-nineteenth century Thomson's ideas on thermodynamics established the base line for future generations of scientists. Likewise in 1905, Einstein changed the world of physics forever with the publication of his radical new ideas on special relativity.""We may learn from Einstein the philosopher, of his interest in the founding scientists of the nineteenth century such as Kelvin and Maxwell, of science being not only about instrumentation, mathematics and formulae but also about sharing in the aspirations and achievements of other scientists, past or present."" (Trainer, Einstein's Centenary Tribute) The volume contain several other papers by influential contemporary phycisians. Weil 140.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47162

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Über die Entwickelung unserer Anschauungen iiber das Wesen und die Konstitution der Strahlung.‎

‎Braunschweig, Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, 1909. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Verhandlungen der Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft"", 11 Jahrgang, 1909. (Reprinted same year in ""Physikalische Zeitschrift 10""). Bound with ""Berichte der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft"", 7 Jahrgang, 1909. Capitals and hindges with wear. Internally very fine and clean. Pp. 482-500. [Entire volume: (2), 749, (3), VII, 450 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Einstein's famous lecture in which he anticipated the discovery of black-body radiation and famously stated that: ""the next phase in the development of theoretical physics will bring us a theory of light, which may be regarded as a sort of fusion of the undulatory and emission theories of light"" (The present paper, Pp. 482-3). He furthermore stated that the electromagnetic fields that constitute light will no longer appear to be states of a hypothetical medium, but rather independent entities emitted by the sources of light, exactly as in the Newtonian emission theory of light. The paper was delivered as a lecture before the 81st assembly of the 'Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher' in Salzburg on 21st September 1909.The occasion was important for Einstein since he for years had been working in scientific exile. Among those who attended Einstein's lecture were some of the world's foremost physicists such as" Max von Laue, Max Born, Arnold Sommerfeld. All published papers of their own in the present volume. Weil No. 30.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47376

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie. (The foundation of the General Theory of Relativity). - [TRANSFORMING THE SCIENTIFIC OUTLOOK OF THE 20TH CENTURY]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1916. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. Top part of spine loosening, but fully intact and completely unrestored. A bit of dusting to wrappers. Front wrapper with some mild brownspotting to upper part and left margin. Lower right corner has been bent, leaving a crease. A few nicks to extremities. Title-page with light brownspotting to upper margin and an old owner's name across the middle (""Ernst Helmut Klein""). 64 pp.‎

‎First issue of the first edition in book form, being, not an offprint of the""Annalen der Physik"" journal issue as often stated, but a separate edition of the paper, completely re-set and with significant changes and additions, including for the first time in print the ""Einleitung"" and the ""Inhalt"".The first issue is distinguished from the later reprints by the printing of ""Sonderdruck aus dem ""Annalen der Physik"" Band 49, 1916"", and ""Druck von Metzger & Wittig in Leipzig. 314"" to the verso of the title-page and ""Metzger & Wittig, Leipzig"" to the foot of the back wrapper. Furthermore, ""This separate edition is printed on good, strong paper, the wrappers are of strong material too, and it is described now as 'the original edition' of this classic paper"" (Weil). Einstein's seminal ""General Theory of Relativity"" has had an immense impact on all science, philosophy, and man's view of the world in general. Few other books of the 20th century can be said to have so basically altered the way that we view the world and our place in it. Determining space and time as being interwoven into a single continuum known as ""space-time"" and determining that there is no absolute space-time coordinate system - i.e. that there are no absolute positions in time and pace - established the fact that events that occur at the same time for one observer could occur at different times for another, i.e. all positions in space and time are relative. This general theory of relativity, here presented in its full exposition for the first time, in book form, is now a basic foundation for scientific thought.""The theory of relativity has transformed astrophysics, and indeed the whole scientific outlook."" (PMM).""Whereas Special Relativity had brought under one set of laws the electromagnetic world of Maxwell and Newtonian mechanics as far as they applied to bodies in uniform relative motion, The General Theory did the same thing for bodies with the accelerated relative motion epitomized in the acceleration of gravity. But first it had been necessary for Einstein to develop the true nature of gravity from his principle of equivalence...Basically, he proposed that gravity was a function of matter itself and that its effects were transmitted between contiguous portions of space-time... Where matter exists, so does energy"" the greater the mass of matter involved, the greater the effect of the energy which can be transmitted. In addition, gravity affected light... exactly as it affected material particles. Thus the universe which Newton had seen, and for which he had constructed his apparently impeccable mechanical laws, was not the real universe... Einstein's paper gave not only a correct picture of the universe but also a fresh set of mechanical laws by which its details could be described"" (R.W. Clark). ""This paper was the first comprehensive overview of the final version of Einstein's general theory of relativity after several expositions of preliminary versions and latest revisions of the theory in November 1915. It includes a self-contained exposition of the elements of the tensor calculus that are needed for the theory. (T. Sauer in Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics). PMM: 408. - Horblit 26 c. - Weil 80. - Boni: 78,1 - Schilpp-Schields: 86.‎

Ссылка продавца : 48068

‎"PLANCK, MAX. - ""PLANCK'S FIRST GREAT SCIENTIFIC ACCOMPLISHMENT"" (EINSTEIN)‎

‎Ueber das Princip der Vermehrung der Entropie. Erste-Vierte Abhandlung (alles).‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1887-91. 8vo. No wrappers. 4 papers. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann"", Neue Folge, Bd. XXX, No. 4, XXXI, No 6, XXXII, No. 11, XLIV, No. 11. - Pp. 545-704 a. 1 plate, pp. 145-336 a. 1 plate, pp. 337-528 a. 1 plate, pp. 385-576 a. 1 plate. With titlepge to vol. XXX, htitlepage to vol. XXXI, titlepage to vol. XXXII and titlepage to vol. XLIV. Titlepages with a stamp and on verso. Planck's papers: pp. 562-582, pp. 189-203, pp. 462-503 and pp. 385-428. Clean copies.‎

‎First appearance of all 4 papers constituting Planck's seminal papers on entropy carrying the general title ""On the principles of Increase of Entropy"" in which he applied the second law of thermodynamics to chemical problems.""His goal was, as he said in the first paper of the series, to carry further the ""grand generalization"" of Helmholtz, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and others: like the first principle of the mechanical heat theory, the second, the ""Carnot-Clausius"", principle applies not only to heat phenomena but to all kinds of physical and chemical phenomena"" and because the second principle applies not only to reversible processes but also to irreversible, or ""natural"", processes, it applies to all processes whatsoever...""(Jungnickel and McCormach ""Intellectual Mastery of Nature, vol. 2, pp. 52 ff.)What Einstein admired and called Planck's ""first great scientific discovery"" was the generality of its formulas which contain all that can be derived from pure thermodynamic principles. Einstein referred to the third paper in this series with the title ""Gesetze des Eintritts beliebiger thermodynamischer und chemischer Reactionen""Akademie Nos. 8,9,10 and 20.‎

Ссылка продавца : 48810

‎"FRIEDMANN, ALEXANDER (+) ALBERT EINSTEIN.‎

‎Über die Krümmung des Raumes + Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes [Friedman] (+) Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von A. Friedmann ""Über die Krümmung des Raumes"" (+) Notiz zu der Arbeit von A. Friedmann ""Über die Krümm... - [THE CURVATURE OF SPACE]‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1922-24. 8vo. 4 contemporary half cloth binding: two in uniform half green cloth and two en uniform grey/blue half cloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 10, 11, 16 & 21. Entire volumes offered. All volumes with stamp to title page and front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean set. [Friedmann:] Bd. 10: Pp. 377-386" Bd. 21: P.p. 326-332. [Einstein:] Bd. 11:P. 326" Bd. 16: P. 228.‎

‎First printing of these four landmark paper in which Friedman ""introduced into cosmology two concepts of revolutionary importance, the age og the world and the creation of the world"" (Kragh, Cosmology and Controversy). ""In his paper of 1922, Friedmann offered a complete analysis of the solutions of Einstein's cosmological field equations that went beyond the earlier solutions of Einstein and de Sitter as it also included nonstatic solutions. Friedmann did so clearly and explicitly: ""The purpose of this note,"" he wrote, ""is firstly to show that the cylindrical [Einstein]and spherical [de Sitter] worlds are special cases of more general assumptions, and secondly to demonstrate the possibility of a world in which the curvature of space is independent of the three spatial coordinates but does on time"".(Ibid.).In 'Über die Krümmung des Raumes' Friedman derived the non-stationary solutions to Einstein's field equations. Einstein quickly responded in a short comment ('Bemerkung'), in which he expressed his suspicion of such a model of the Universe and apparently pointed out an error in Friedman's calculations. However, Friedman now wrote a letter to Einstein, in which he enclosed his full calculations. Shortly after this, Einstein submitted a short notice (Notiz), in which he admitted that he himself had performed a calculation error and that Friedman's solutions, which shed new light on the matter, were valid. Friedman's expanding universe model was corroborated by Edwin Hubble's red-shift observations in 1929. In 'Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes' Friedman derived the Friedman-equations and demonstrated that he had command of all three Friedman-models describing positive, zero and negative curvature respectively, nearly a decade before the independent discoveries of the same models by Lemaître, Robertson, and Walker. ""Friedmann made a valuable contribution to Einstein's general theory of relativity. As always, his interest was not limited simply to familiarizing himself with this new field of science but led to his own remarkable investigations. Friedmann's work on the theory of relativity dealt with one of its most difficult questions, the cosmological problem. In his paper ""Über die Krümmung des Raumes"" (1922), he outlined the fundamental ideas of his cosmology: the supposition concerning the homogeneity of the distribution of matter in space and the consequent homogence of ""world"" time for which, at any moment in time, the metrics of space will be identical at all points and in all directions. This theory is especially important because it leads to a sufficiently correct explanation of the fundamental phenomenon known as the ""red shift."" This solution of the Einstein field equations, obtained from the above propositions, is the model for any homogeneous and isotropic cosmological theory. It is interesting to note that Einstein thought that the cosmological solution to the equations of a field had to be static and had to lead to a closed model of the universe. Friedmann discarded both conditions and arrived at an independent solution. Einstein welcomed Friedmann's results because they showed the dispensability of the ad hoc cosmological term Einstein had been forced to introduce into the basic field equation of general relativity"". (DSB). Weil 122 & 130.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49429

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT (+) P. EHRENFEST.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie des Strahlungsgleichgewichts.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923. 8vo. Bound in contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Entire volume 19 ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Library stamp to title-page and paper label pasted on to lower part of spine. Minor wear to extremities. A nice and clean copy. Pp. 301-6. [Entire volume: IV, 426 pp.].‎

‎First edition.Weil 138" Schilpp-Shields 178.The volume also contains:Meitner, Lise. Ueber eine mögliche Deutung des kontinuierlichen beta-Strahlenspektrums. Pp. 307-321.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49498

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Kinetische Theorie des Wärmegleichgewichtes und den zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik. - [EINSTEIN'S THIRD PAPER]‎

‎Leipzig, J. A. Barth, 1902. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. In """"Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 9."". Entire volume offered.‎

‎First edition of Einstein's third paper in which he deals with the definitions of temperature and entropy for thermal equilibrium conditions and with the equipartition theorem.The volume contains 2 papers by Max Planck, originally published in ""Jubelband für H.A. Lorentz"" und Jubelband für J. Bosscha: ""Ueber die von einem elliptisch schwingenden Ion emitterte und absorbierte Energie" und Ueber die Verteilung der Energie zwischen Aether und Materie", pp. 619-628 und pp. 629-641.Weil, No 3.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49501

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE.‎

‎Lichtsgeschwindigkeit und Statik des Gravitationsfeldes (&) Zur Theorie des statischen Gravitationsfeldes"‎

‎(Leipzig, Barth),1912. 8vo. No wrappers. In: ""Annalen der Physik IV, Bd. 38"", No 7. Pp.249-472 a. 3 plates. (Entire issue offered). Einstein's papers: pp. 355-369 and pp. 443-458. Clean and fine.‎

‎Both papers in first edition, and they are considered as the first appearance of a Nonlinear Field Equation for Gravitation. ""Einstein published two remarkable memoirs in 1912 which were efforts to construct a complete theory of gravitation incorporating the equivalence principle. In these memoirs Einstein supposed that the gravitational field can be characterized completely by one function, the local speed of light, analogous to the Newtonian description, where only the gravitational potential appears. By an extraordinary argument he extended the potential equation of Newton...In his second Memoir in 1912, he used the equivalence principle to show the influence of a static gravitational field on electromagnetic and thermal processes."" (DSB IV p.320 ff). - Weil No. 47 and 48.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49779

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - EINSTEIN'S SECOND WORK.‎

‎Ueber die thermodynamische Theorie der Potentialdifferenz zwischen Metallen und vollständig dissociirten Lösungen ihrer Salze und über eine elektrische Methode zur Erforsachung der Molekularkräfte"‎

‎Berlin, J.A. Barth, 1902. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Some scratches along edges. Stamp on halftitle and title-page. ""Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 8. Hrsg. von Paul Drude."" VIII,928 pp. and 7 plates. Einstein paper: pp. 798-814. Internally fine and clean. The entire volume offered.‎

‎First editon. - Weil No 2.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49829

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Über die vom Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie. - [THE FIRST EXPLICIT STATEMENT OF THE ENERGY-MASS EQUATION]‎

‎Leibzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. In contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 23. Entire volume offered. Ex-libris pasted on to top right corner of pasted down front free end-paper. Light rubbing to extremities, a very fine and clean copy (not an ex-library copy). Pp.371-384. [Entire volume: VIII, 1000 pp. + 4 plates].‎

‎First edition of the first explicit statement of Einstein's landmark energy-mass equation E=mc2.Nearly all descriptions of Einstein's scientific work state that the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 was first formulated in Einstein's 1907 review paper 'Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen.' published in 'Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik' (see Weil no. 21 and Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 4 pp.323 for examples). However, in his paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie' [the offered paper] which predates the former mentioned by six months, Einstein gave a clear statement of the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2. See Lanczos: The Einstein Decade, pp.149-150 and 153 as well as Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.Einstein's first paper regarding the relation E=mc2 is his fourth 1905 paper, 'Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?'. In this short paper Einstein showed that a body releasing the energy E in the form of radiation will have its mass decreased by E/c2, and concluded that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content, e.g., that all energy has mass. The next time Einstein returns to the subject is in his 1906 paper 'Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunkts Bewegung und die Trägheit der Energie.'. Here Einstein concluded that one must either ascribe the inertial mass E/c2 to any form of energy E or else give up the fundamental law mechanics regarding conservation of the motion of the center of gravity. Then finally in the 1907 paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie.' [the offered paper] Einstein makes the decisive step of assuming that all mass has energy. On page 382 Einstein considers the total energy of a moving mass point as the sum of its kinetic energy and its rest energy. In classical mechanics it is most convenient to set the second term to zero but in relativistic mechanics one obtains the simplest expression by setting the rest energy equal to mc2. Einstein then continues to show that this stipulation cannot lead to a contradiction in any relativistic argument. In a footnote on page 382 Einstein states for the first time the equation E=mc2 and mentions that this equation is the expression of the principle of the equivalence of mass and energy - see Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.The volume contains another paper by Einstein ""Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: ""Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flächensatz"""", pp.206-208. - Weil No. 18.Collected Works, Doc. 45. Weil 19. Boni 19.‎

Ссылка продавца : 50595

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Einheitliche Feldtheorie von Gravitation und Elektrizität (+) Neue Möglichkeit für eine einheitliche Feldtheorie von Gravitation und Elektrizität (+) Zur einheitlichen Feldtheorie (+) Einheitliche Feldtheorie und Hamiltonsches Prinzip (+) Über den ge... - [PMM 416 - A NEW THEORY OF GRAVITATION]‎

‎Berlin, Königlich Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1925-1929. 1. Einheitliche Feldtheorie von Gravitation und Elektrizität. Offprint: S. B. preuss. Akad. Wiss., 1925, pp.414-419. Original wrappers. Mint. (Weil 147 / Boni 155).2. Neue Möglichkeit für eine einheitliche Feldtheorie von Gravitation und Elektrizität. Offprint: S. B. preuss. Akad. Wiss., 1928, pp.235-245. Original wrappers. Mint. (Weil 162/ Boni 175).3. Zur einheitlichen Feldtheorie. Offprint: S. B. preuss. Akad. Wiss., 1929, pp.2-7. Original wrappers. Mint. (Weil 165/ Boni 183).4. Einheitliche Feldtheorie und Hamiltonsches Prinzip. Offprint: S. B. preuss. Akad. Wiss., 1929, pp.156-159. Original wrappers. Mint. (Weil 166/ Boni 184).5. Über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Feldtheorie. In: Festschrift Dr. A. Stodola, Zürich, Füssli, 1929, pp.126-132. Publishers full cloth. Spine slightly faded. Otherwise mint. (Weil 168 / Boni 178).All in all a very fine set.‎

‎Offprint of all four papers and first edition of the final essay, constituting Einstein's attempt toward creating a unified field theory: ""a new theory of space with a view to unification of all forms of activity that fall within the sphere of physics, giving them a common explanation"" (PMM416). The task of unifying nuclear, electromagnetic, and gravitational force is nowadays by many considered the holy grail of theoretical physics.Maxwell was the first to develop such a theory when he described the forces of electricity and magnetism as the single force electromagnetism. After Einstein had completed his general theory of relativity (a field theory for gravitation), he turned his attention towards generalizing his theory even further to include Maxwell's theory. Even though Einstein never succeeded in completing this task, in the way that he finished his earlier theories, he pioneered and explored many areas of this subject. ""It had been repeatedly observed that Einstein's general theory of relativity necessitated a pluralistic explanation of the universe. In 1925 he announced that he had resolved this difficulty but the announcement was premature. In 1928 he attacked the problem once more, only to find that Riemann's conception of space, on which the general theory was based, would not permit of a common explanation of electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena. In a series of papers [the present] devoted to the development of 'A Uniform Theory of Gravitation and Electricity' he outlined a new theory of space with a view to unification of all forms of activity that fall within the sphere of physics, giving them a common explanation. All that would then remain to complete a scientific unison is the correlation of the organic and inorganic"".PMM 416Barchas 586‎

Ссылка продавца : 52559

‎"EINSTEIN, A.‎

‎Vier Vorlesungen über Relativitätstheorie gehalten im Mai 1921 an der Universitat Princeton. Mit vier Abbildungen.‎

‎Braunschweig, Vieweg & Sohn, 1922. Uncut and unopened in orig. printed wrappers. (4),70 pp.+ Publisher's announcements (2) pp. In mint condition.‎

‎First edition. An abstract in English was published the year before. These four lectures were published the same year as ""The Meaning of Relativity"".Weil 124,‎

Ссылка продавца : 58148

‎EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE PHOTOELECTRIC EQUATION - THE NOBEL PRIZE PAPERS.‎

‎Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung und Lichtsabsorption (withbound:) Das princip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunktsbewegung und die Trägheit der Energie" (2 papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1906. Full cloth. Spine with gilt lettering. In: ""Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 20. Herausgegeben von Paul Drude."" , Portrait (Paul Drude), VIII,1048 pp. and 6 plates. Einstein papers: pp. 199-206 and 627-33. Internally fine and clean. The entire volume offered. Broad margins.‎

‎Both papers first edition. It was for the papers ""Ueber einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt"" of 1905 and ""Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung...( Theory of light emission and absorption), the offered item), that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. ""The quantum theory has affected virtually every branch of physics. Its earliest and one of its most significant developments was Einstein's application of the theory to what is known as the 'photo-electrical effect'....Einstein explained this effext by suggesting that the classical view that light is emitted in the form of continous waves must be abandoned. The photo-electrical effect could be explained only as an example of quantum action where the waves of light or X-rays are emitted in minute particles or bullets. It is he size of the bullet (the wave-lenght of the radiation) which determines the number of electrons ejected. It was for this, and not for the theory of relativity, that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. Einstein's two fundamental papers on this subject are ""Ueber einem Erzeugung...."" 1905 and Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung (the paper offered here)"" (PMM the note to 391). In the second paper (Principle of the conservation of the centre of mass motion and the inertia of energy) he shows that the conservation of mass is a special application of his energy principle (E= Mc2) - Weil: 12 & 13.Among the many papers in this volume we have Max von Laue: Zur Thermodynamik der Inteferenzerscheinungen. pp. 365-378.‎

Ссылка продавца : 59121

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT.‎

‎Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie. (i.e. The foundation of the General Theory of Relativity). - [TRANSFORMING THE SCIENTIFIC OUTLOOK OF THE 20TH CENTURY]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1916. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. Light discolouration to margins of wrappers. Inner hinges with professional repairs. Small stamp (exlibris?) to lower part of title-page. Previous owner's name (Erik Broekmeyer) in contemporary hand to upper outer corner of title-page. A fine copy. 64 pp.‎

‎First issue of the first edition in book form, being, not an offprint of the""Annalen der Physik"" journal issue as often stated, but a separate edition of the paper, completely re-set and with significant changes and additions, including for the first time in print the ""Einleitung"" and the ""Inhalt"".The first issue is distinguished from the later reprints by the printing of ""Sonderdruck aus dem ""Annalen der Physik"" Band 49, 1916"", and ""Druck von Metzger & Wittig in Leipzig. 314"" to the verso of the title-page and ""Metzger & Wittig, Leipzig"" to the foot of the back wrapper. Furthermore, ""This separate edition is printed on good, strong paper, the wrappers are of strong material too, and it is described now as 'the original edition' of this classic paper"" (Weil). Einstein's seminal ""General Theory of Relativity"" has had an immense impact on all science, philosophy, and man's view of the world in general. Few other books of the 20th century can be said to have so basically altered the way that we view the world and our place in it. Determining space and time as being interwoven into a single continuum known as ""space-time"" and determining that there is no absolute space-time coordinate system - i.e. that there are no absolute positions in time and pace - established the fact that events that occur at the same time for one observer could occur at different times for another, i.e. all positions in space and time are relative. This general theory of relativity, here presented in its full exposition for the first time, in book form, is now a basic foundation for scientific thought.""The theory of relativity has transformed astrophysics, and indeed the whole scientific outlook."" (PMM).""Whereas Special Relativity had brought under one set of laws the electromagnetic world of Maxwell and Newtonian mechanics as far as they applied to bodies in uniform relative motion, The General Theory did the same thing for bodies with the accelerated relative motion epitomized in the acceleration of gravity. But first it had been necessary for Einstein to develop the true nature of gravity from his principle of equivalence...Basically, he proposed that gravity was a function of matter itself and that its effects were transmitted between contiguous portions of space-time... Where matter exists, so does energy"" the greater the mass of matter involved, the greater the effect of the energy which can be transmitted. In addition, gravity affected light... exactly as it affected material particles. Thus the universe which Newton had seen, and for which he had constructed his apparently impeccable mechanical laws, was not the real universe... Einstein's paper gave not only a correct picture of the universe but also a fresh set of mechanical laws by which its details could be described"" (R.W. Clark). ""This paper was the first comprehensive overview of the final version of Einstein's general theory of relativity after several expositions of preliminary versions and latest revisions of the theory in November 1915. It includes a self-contained exposition of the elements of the tensor calculus that are needed for the theory. (T. Sauer in Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics). PMM: 408. Horblit 26 c. Weil 80.Boni: 78,1 Schilpp-Schields: 86.‎

Ссылка продавца : 60254

‎EINSTEIN, Albert‎

‎Äther und Relativitäts-Theorie. Rede gehalten am 5. Mai 1920 an der Reichs-Universität zu Leiden‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1920, in-8, 15 pp, Broché, couverture agrafée de l'éditeur, Édition originale de ce discours prononcé par Einstein (1879-1955) le 5 mai 1920 à la Reichsuniversität de Leyde, à l'occasion de son entrée en fonction en tant que professeur invité. Le savant y expose comment la conception ancienne de l'éther a laissé la place à la notion de gravitation. Cachet ex-libris du révolutionnaire Russe et bibliophile Marcel Bekus (1888-1939). Bon exemplaire. Couverture insolée, agrafes oxydées. Hans-Josef Küpper, Verzeichnis Der Wissenschaftlichen Publikationen Albert Einsteins von 1901-1922 [en ligne]. Weil, 111. Couverture rigide‎

‎Bon 15 pp.‎

Ссылка продавца : 88490

‎EINSTEIN, Albert‎

‎Geometrie und Erfahrung‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1921, in-8, 20 pp, Broché, couverture crème imprimée de l'éditeur, Première édition de cette conférence prononcée par Einstein (1879-1955) à l'occasion de la séance commémorative de l'Académie prussienne en l'honneur de Frédéric le Grand. Le physicien y résume ses théories sur la géométrisation de la physique et de la relativité, ainsi que sur la relation des mathématiques au monde : "Comment est-il possible que la mathématique, qui est un produit de la pensée humaine et indépendante de toute expérience, puisse s'adapter d'une si admirable manière aux objets de la réalité ? La raison humaine serait-elle donc capable, sans avoir recours à l'expérience, de découvrir par la pensée seule les propriétés des objets réels ?" L'opuscule a été publié l'année où il reçut le prix Nobel. Cachet ex-libris du révolutionnaire Russe et bibliophile Marcel Bekus (1888-1939). Bon exemplaire. Rares rousseurs marginales, agrafes oxydées. Couverture rigide‎

‎Bon 20 pp.‎

Ссылка продавца : 88645

‎EINSTEIN, Albert:‎

‎Ensemble de 5 brochures en langue française. 1) Comment je vois le monde. Traduit par le Colonel Cros. Paris, Ernest Flammarion, 1934, 258 p./ 2) La théorie de la relativité restreinte et générale. Exposé élémentaire. La relativité et le problème de l’espace. Traduit de l’allemand par Maurice Solovine. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1956, 179 p./ 3) l’Ether et la théorie de la relativité. La géométrie et l’experience. Traduit de l’allemand par Maurice Solovine. Troisième édition revue. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1953, 29 p./ 4) Sur le problème cosmologique. Théorie de la gravitation généralisée. Traduit de l’anglais par Maurice Solovine. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1951, 50 p.5)AUFFRAY, Jean-Paul: Comment je suis devenu Einstein. La véritable histoire de E=mc2.6) La géométrie et l’expérience. Trasdfuction française par Maurice Solovine. 1921, 19 p. (Weil n° 115b; Schilpp-Shields n° 144; Walter Alicke (Interlibrum cat. 278:)‎

‎in-8vo, brochures originales.‎

Ссылка продавца : 85825aaf

‎EINSTEIN, Albert - STACHEL, John:‎

‎The collect papers of Albert Einstein. Volume 1: The early years 1879-1902. John Stachel, Editor (David C. Cassidy & Robert Schulmann, Ass. Eds. - Jürgen Renn, Ass. Ed. - Robert Summerfield, Ed. Ass.). + English translation vol. 1. Anna Beck Transl. & Peter Havas Consultant. together 2 vols.‎

‎Princeton Univ. Press, 1987, in-4to, LXVI + 1 ll. + 433 p., / XXII + 196 p., clothbound, jackett / paperback.‎

Ссылка продавца : 108140aaf

‎EINSTEIN, Albert-‎

‎The collect papers of Albert Einstein. Volume 5: The Swiss Years: Correspondence 1902-1914. English translation Anna Beck & Don Hward consultant.‎

‎Princeton Univ. Press, 1995, in-4to, XVII (+1) +384 p., paperback.‎

Ссылка продавца : 108151aaf

‎EINSTEIN, Albert / INFELD, Léopold:‎

‎L’évolution des idées en physique des premiers concepts aux théories de la relativité et des quanta.‎

‎Paris, France Loisirs, 1990, in-8vo, 319 p., ill. de schéma n./b., brochure originale.‎

Ссылка продавца : 109504aaf