‎Sciences economiques‎

‎"BERGSØE, ADOLPH FREDERIK.‎

‎Den danske Stats Statistik fremstillet. 4 Bd.‎

‎København., Forfatterens Forlag, 1844-53. 4 samt. hldrbd. med rygforgyldning. Rygge slidte og med krakeleringer, en ryg delvis løs. Stempel på titelblade. XII,563,705,690,976 pp. Med 2 kort, det ene håndkoloreret (Forchammers kort fra ""Danmark geognostisk beskrevet""). Indvendig udmærket, få brunpletter.‎

‎Originaludgaven af første samlede fremstilling af Danmark i statistisk henseende.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 41016

‎"BERGSØE, ADOLPH FREDERIK. - WITH A CHAPTER ON THE DANISH WESTINDIES.‎

‎Den danske Stats Statistik fremstillet. 4 Bd.‎

‎København., Forfatterens Forlag, 1844-53. (vo. 4 samtidige hldrbd. med rygforgyldning. Forreste fals på bind 1 er revnet. XII,563,705,690,976 pp. Med 2 kort, det ene håndkoloreret (Forchammers kort fra ""Danmark geognostisk beskrevet""). Indvendig ren og frisk.‎

‎Originaludgaven af første samlede fremstilling af Danmark i statistisk henseende. 1. Bind.: ""Om den danske Stats naturlige Beskaffenhed og befolkning"" - 2. ""Om den danske Stats Landboforhold, Agerdyrkning, Industri og Handel."" - 3. Om den danske Stats immaterielle Cultur, Statsforfatning, beskatningsvæsen, og øvrige finantsielle Forhold"" - 4. Om forskjellige Statsforvaltningsforhold, Monarkiets udvortes Forhold, de fjernere Statsdele m.m.Bind 4 indeholder længere afsnit om Island (pp. 387-475, om Færøerne (pp. 475-504), om Grønland (pp. 505-556), om De dansk Vestindiske Øer (pp. 557-711).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 47476

‎"BERVI-FLEROVSKY, V.V.‎

‎Polozhenie rabochego klassa v Rossii [i.e. Russian ""The condition of the working class in Russia""] - [THE BOOK THAT MADE MARX STUDY RUSSIAN]‎

‎St. Petersburg: N.P. Polyakova, 1869. 8vo. In a later modest half calf binding. Previous owner's name to top of front free end-paper and half title. Internally lightly spottet and soiled. Dampstain to top corner and lower part of book. Restauration to upper outer corner of Pp. 109-110 and pp. 111-112. A closed tear to map. (6), II, 494 pp. + 1 map.‎

‎Rare first edition of Bervi-Flerovsky's important study based on his own research and impressions from Siberia, which became a milestone in the history of Russian sociology, often referred to as the Russian 'Das Kapital'. It was greatly appreciated by Marx, and in 1869 he began leaning Russian in order to be able to read this work. Marx came to consider Russia the country in which the outbreak of the Revolution was most likely to happen, and in his research for the successive volumes of 'Das Kapital', he primarily used the present work along with works of A. Hoshelev.Flerovsky painted a vivid picture of the growing destitution of the peasantry following the introduction of capitalist social relations in agriculture. ""the conclusion he drew was that everything possible should be done to prevent capitalism from making further headway and to utilize, instead, the potentialities of the peasant commune."" (Walicki, A History of Russian Thought).""I have read the first 150 pages of Flerovsky's book (they are taken up by Siberia, North Russia and Astrakhan). This is the first work to tell the truth about Russian economic conditions. The man is a determined enemy of what he calls 'Russian optimism.' I never held very rosy views of this communistic Eldorado, but Flerovsky surpasses all expectations. In fact it is wonderful and undoubtedly a sign of change that such a thing could be printed in Petersburg at all [...] In any case this is the most important book which has appeared since your Condition of the Working Class"" (Marx's letter to Engels in Manchester. London, 10 February, 1870.)Marx later stated: ""The work by Flerovskii is a real discovery for Europe. Russian optimism which has been put about on the continent even by so-called revolutionists, has been mercilessly exposed in this work. The virtues of the book are not diminished if I say that it is in several places not fully up to critical standards, from the purely scholarly point of view. This is a work of a serious observer, a dispassionate laborer, and an impartial critic, a powerful artist, etc...""As an open revolutionary the majority of Flerovsky's works were banned in Russia. This present first edition was banned but sold so quickly that it was not possible to destroy the whole run. All 2465 copies of the second edition from 1872 were destroyed.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 57295

‎"BOWLEY, A. L.‎

‎Wages and Income in the United Kingdom since 1860. - [SIMON KUZNETS'S COPY]‎

‎Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1937. 8vo. In the original green full cloth with the original dust wrapper. Dust wrapper with wear, lacking 5 mm to top and bottom of spine and the upper right part of the back. Apart from the dust-jacket, a very fine and clean copy. XIX, (1), 151 pp.‎

‎Economist Simon Kuznets's copy of the first edition of Bowley's conclusive work on wages and income in United Kingdom. Bowley produced a stream of studies on British economic statistics, beginning in the 1890s with works on trade and on wages and income, and proceeding to studies of national income in the 1920s and -30s. The present, although rather short, work became highly influential, as it introduced much of Bowley's more technical work to a broader public.Simon Smith Kuznets (1901 - 1985) Russian American economist was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for ""his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development"".Kuznets revolutionized econometrics with the important book ""National Income and Its Composition, 1919-1938. Published in 1941 which eventually formed the famous Kuznets Curve. This work relied to a large extent on Bowley's work on national income.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45720

‎"BÖHM-BAWERK, EUGEN von.‎

‎Einige strittige Frage der Capitalstheorie. Drei Abhandlungen. - [OFF-PRINT - PRESENTATION-COPY]‎

‎Wien & Leipzig, Wilheml Braumüller, 1900. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Endpapers brownspotted. Offprint from: ""Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft, Socialpolitik und Verwaltung"", Achter Band. 'Vom Verfasser' inscribed on upper right corner of title-page. With previous owner's dedication to pasted down front end-paper: ""An H. Furuja (Oct. 1947) / Seiichi Tobata Leipzig August 1928"", and to verso of front free end-paper: ""Zugleich / S. S. 129-360 von Eugen von Böhm -Bawerk: Kleine / Abhandlungenåuber Kapital und Zins, hrsg von / Franz X. Weiss. 1926 Wien und Leipzig"". A fine copy. (4), 127, (1) pp.‎

‎"CASTAING, JOHN.‎

‎An interest-book at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 per C. from 1000 l. to 1 l. for 1 day to 92 days, and for 3, 6, 9, 12 months. Exactly examined by John Castaing. - [INITIATING THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE]‎

‎London, printed for the Author, 1720. Small8vo. (115 x 80 mm) Bound in a contemporary full calf with three raised bands and gilt margins to front and back boards. Extremities with wear and hindges weak. Previous owner's names to end paper and verso of title-page. Authors name in contemporary hand (in Castaing's own hand?) to upper part title-page. Internally fine and clean. [Blank], 88 ff, [Blank]. (A-I*8, K-L*8).‎

‎"CHYDENIUS, AND. [ANDERS].‎

‎Wederläggning af de Skäl, hvarmed man söker bestrida Öster=och Wästerbotniska samt Wäster=Norrländske Städerne Fri Seglation. - [ANTICIPATION OF ECONOMIC LIBERALISM]‎

‎Stockholm, Peter Hesselberg, 1765. 4to. Disbound. Light browning throughout. Woodcut title- and end-vignette. (2), 61 pp.‎

‎"CLARK, COLIN.‎

‎The Conditions of Economic Progress. - [SEMINAL WORK ON ECONOMIC GROWTH]‎

‎London, Macmillan, 1940. 8vo. In the original blue cloth with gilt lettering to spine with the orignal dust jacket (not price clipped). Dust jacket with a few small nicks and wear to upper and lower part of spine. Previous owner's name to front free end paper, other wise a very fine and clean copy including all the folded plates. XII, 504 pp. + 5 folded plates.‎

‎"CLARK, COLIN.‎

‎The Conditions of Economic Progress. - [SEMINAL WORK ON ECONOMIC GROWTH]‎

‎London, Macmillan, 1940. 8vo. In the original blue cloth with gilt lettering to spine with the orignal dust jacket (not price clipped). Dust jacket with a few small nicks and wear to upper and lower part of spine. Previous owner's name to front free end paper, other wise a very fine and clean copy including all the folded plates. XII, 504 pp. + 5 folded plates.‎

‎First edition of the author's seminal and ""monumental"" work which had a profound influence on Western thinking about the undeveloped world and is today considered one of the classic studies on growth. ""not only gave a considerable stimulus to the subsequent development of growth theory and models but also had an important effect on western thinking about the undeveloped world. For the first time, the gulf between living standards in the rich and poor countries of the world was brought home in hard statistical terms. Well into the postwar years, until United Nations data became available, almost every writer on development economics quoted Colin Clark's estimates."" (Arndt, Economic Development)Colin Grant Clark (1905-89) was a British economist and statistician. He was widely noted for his groundbreaking work in economic statistics and national income estimates pioneering the use of the gross national product (GNP)" Clark was also among the first economists to use gross national product rather than national income as the basis of his studies. In 1984 he was named by the World Bank as one of the pioneers of development along with Sir Arthur Lewis, Gunnar Myrdal, W.W. Rostow and Jan Tinbergen.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 50083

‎"CLARK, JOHN BATES.‎

‎The Distribution of Wealth. A Theory of Wages, Interest and Profits. - [FOUNDING WORK OF NEOCLASSICAL MICRO-ECONOMICS - ""A LANDMARK TREATISE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICS""]‎

‎London, The Macmillan Company, 1899. 8vo. In the original full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Traces after removel of label on lower part of spine. Library labels pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper. Embossed library stamp to titbel page (not affecting text). Otherwise a fine copy. XXVIII, (2), 445, (3) pp.‎

‎The scarce first edition of Clark's seminal work - a cornerstone of neoclassical micro-economics -, which is considered ""by any reasonable test, a landmark treatise in the development of economics"". (New Palgrave). Clark ""is regarded in some quarters as the one great American economist of the calibre of Smith and Mill"". (Cohen, American Thought: A Critical Sketch, p. 117).Clark here presented his famous theorem: Given competition and homogeneous factors of production labor and capital, the repartition of the social product will be according to the productivity of the last physical input of units of labor and capital. This theorem is one of the pillars of neoclassical micro-economics and was popularly formulated by Clark himself: ""[W]hat a social class gets is, under natural law, what it contributes to the general output of industry.""""Very early in his career Clark began to work on the problem of factor shares (possibly because of his interest in Henry Georg) and concluded that the treatment of land rent as a surplus whose size is not determined by marginal productivity was gross error. The most complete statement of his views on distribution is in [The present work]. [...] Despite its flaws (which include the universal measure of value) 'the Distribution' is a remarkable book and, by any reasonable test, a landmark treatise in the development of economics.The 'Distribution represents an advance on the prior art in two important respects. It offers a discussion of the relation of statics to dynamics - the terms was introduced into economics by Clark - superior to that of previous treatments. And it offers, for the first time, a complete and lucid exposition of the neo-classical theory of distribution."" (The New Palgrave)""One of the classics on the subject. ""Aims ""to show that the distribution of the income of society is controlled by a natural law, and that this law if it worked without friction, would give to every agent of production the amount of wealth which the agent creates."" (A Select Bibliography of Modern Economic Theory, 1870-1929, P. 69). John Bates Clark (1847 - 1938), American neoclassical economist, was one of the pioneers of the marginalist revolution and opponent to the Institutionalist school of economics, and spent most of his career teaching at Columbia University.Mattioli 687Einaudi 1114Katalog der Karl Menger-Bibliothek 431‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 48780

‎"DAVIES, DAVID.‎

‎The Case of Labourers in Husbandry Stated and Considered, in Three Parts. Part I. a View of Their Distressed Condition. Part II. the Principal Causes of Their Growing Distress and Number, and the consequent increase of the poor-rate. Part III. Means o... - [PRESENTATION-COPY OF THE FIRST CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS]‎

‎Bath, R. Cruttwell, 1795. Large8vo. Bound in later half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Presentation inscription from the auhtor to top of title page: ""From the Author"". Title page and first few leafes with brownspotting, otherwise a fine copy. Lacking the half title. Pp. 3-8, 200 + the errata slip inserted after the title page.‎

‎"DAVIES, DAVID.‎

‎The Case of Labourers in Husbandry Stated and Considered, in Three Parts. Part I. a View of Their Distressed Condition. Part II. the Principal Causes of Their Growing Distress and Number, and the consequent increase of the poor-rate. Part III. Means o... - [FIRST CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS]‎

‎Bath, R. Cruttwell, 1795. Large 4to. Contemporary boards, beautifully re-backed in contemporary style, with five raised bands, gilt lines, and gilt red leather title-label to spine. A few light marginal pencil-annotations, small library stamp to lower part of title page, otherwise a very fine copy. 8, 200 pp. + the errata slip inserted after the title-page.‎

‎First edition of this landmark work in scientific social inquiry, constituting one of the earliest microeconomic- and consumer behavior- analyses. Davies profoundly influenced social history and initiated the entire field of consumer behavior analysis, two areas of study which were to dominate 19th century economics, relevant not only to economic and social history, but also to present day economic analysis. Davies's work anticipates Eden's ""The State of The Poor"" (PMM 249) by two years. In the present work, Davies discusses in detail the causes of the poverty of agricultural labourers in England, linking the high prices of goods with poverty, and proposes measures to relieve the labourers, including linking their daily wage to the price of bread. Davies's observations demonstrated the failings of the contemporary Poor Laws and was by many seen as a direct criticism of the central policy making (or lack thereof). ""The differences in consumption of poor and rich families excited attention and often compassion, but apparently never quantitative analysis, for many centuries. Finally in England in the 1790's two very different investigators made extensive compilations of workingmen's budgets. [Davies in 1795, Eden in 1797]. Both were stimulated to this task by the distress of the working classes at this time."" (Stigler, The Early History of Empirical Studies of Consumer Behavior). In ""Was bread Giffen? The demand for food in England circa 1790"" (in Review of Economics and Statistics, 1977, Vol. 59, issue 2, pp. 225-29), Koenker developed a problem in statistical demand analysis using samples from the budgets recorded in these works. ""Two seminal budget studies by .. .Davies ... and ... Eden are employed ... to investigate the place of bread in the diets of English rural laborers at the end of the eighteenth century. Because of the considerable geographical and temporal dispersion in prices of foodstuffs found in these budgets, they afford a unique opportunity to study the influences of both prices and income on individual household consumption decisions. In particular a test is made of the famous hypothesis, attributed by Marshall to Robert Giffen, that a rise in the price of bread, ceteris paribus, increases its consumption among the lower classes."" The budget studies to which Koenker refers comprise the 70-page appendix. Davies began collecting statistical data on the poor in 1787 while a rector in the parish of Barkham, Berkshire. ""He collected six detailed budgets of 'typical' agricultural laborers living in Barkham and circulated these budgets widely to friends throughout the kingdom. Some of these correspondents were persuaded to produce similar budgets for their own localities. In 1795 Davies edited 127 of these budgets, wrote a dispassionate plea for a minimum wage law tied to the price of wheat, and published both as The Case of Labourers in husbandry."" (Koenker). In making the case for government intervention, Davies attacks rampant ignorance and prejudice toward the poor, in particular the notion that the poor are profligate creatures of habit. ""It is wonderful how readily even men of sense give in to this censure."" (p. 31).Davies's studies ""were the first examples of studies in that long and semi-honorable liberal tradition of econometrically snooping into the private lives of the poor. By the mid 19th century such studies were being conducted all over Europe by such notables as Ernst Engel, Frederick Engels, Frederick LePlay and others."" (Koenker, Applied Econometrics)David Davies (1742-1819), English clergyman and social commentator, was ordained in 1782 and became the rector of Barkham parish, where he remained incumbent until his death. Kress B2916Goldsmith 16422. Not in Einaudi.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 48221

‎"DREIER, F. (FREDERIK).‎

‎Samfundets Reform. (1.-) 2. Kvartal. (Hefte 1-10 + Hefte 1-12).‎

‎Kiøbenhavn, J.D. Qvist, 1852-53. 8vo. Green cloth binding. Gilt title on spine. The book is in a very good condition, no obvious signs of use. Complete version with some few brown spots inside on some of the pages, otherwise very neat and clean. No worn edges or corners. Previous owner's name crossed out on title page. Some pencil writing on the first page. One of the pages is cut at the bottom, but nothing that affects the text. The book contains the first and second quarters with corrections.‎

‎The original print. Extremely rare, in complete condition. Here are all 22 booklets of this journal, almost exclusively authored by Dreier himself and whose purpose was to be a mouthpiece for ""free, refreshing, reforming critique, for which the liberation of labor from the yoke of financial power is a major task"". With this, the work became the first socialist journal in Denmark, and Dreier has been characterized as Denmark's first socialist. Dreier became ill at the end of 1852, and thereafter the publication resumed in February 1853, with the additional publication of numbers 9-12 (of the 2nd quarter), which are included here. ""Samfundets Reform was published as a weekly with 22 numbers from April 1852 to February 28, 1853, with interruptions due to D.'s military service in June 1852 and illness. He wrote the entire content himself and dealt with issues such as capital and labor, ""municipal swinishness"" (shortly after the cholera epidemic broke out), the abolition of guilds, the expansion of the right to vote, the program for an independent labor party, the establishment of free trade unions and cooperative enterprises with public support, and more"" (DBL). Little is known about Dreier's life and profession, although it is documented that he cohabited with an unmarried partner and fathered a child who later emigrated to the United States. Active in the Association for the Welfare of the Working Class until his death in 1853, the precise cause of his death remains unknown, though it may have resulted from a stroke following a prolonged period of illness and forced exam reading. In 1848, Dreier made his literary debut with two short books, Folkenes Fremtid and Fremtidens Folkopdragelse, which established two prominent themes in his oeuvre: a pessimistic view of nationalism's future trajectory, and a belief in the importance of education as a foundation for the development of free, mature individuals critical for democratic participation. Notably, Dreier's democratic pedagogy was characterized by a rejection of the notion of inherent gender-based differences, instead arguing that women's education was necessary to counter their socialization towards domestic confinement. https://www.information.dk/debat/2003/05/frederik-dreier-fremmeligste-hoved‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 60363

‎"DREIER, F. (FREDERIK).‎

‎Samfundets Reform. (1.-) 2. Kvartal. (Hefte 1-10 + Hefte 1-12).‎

‎Kiøbenhavn, J.D. Qvist, 1852-53. Et samtidigt hldrbd. med rig rygforgyldning. øverste kapitæl slidt. Lettere brugsspor. Med fællestitelbladet og indholdsfortegnelse over begge kvartaler. (4),384 pp. Hefterne fortsat paginerede. Første hefte med lidt brunpletter, ellers rene. Eksemplaret har tilhørt Harald Rue (med hans navnetræk på indersiden af forpermen), grundlæggeren af den marxistiske tradition i Danmark.‎

‎"ENGELS, FRIEDRICH & KARL MARX.‎

‎Die heilige Familie oder Kritik der kritischen Kritik. Gegen Bruno Bauer & Consorten. - [THE COLLABORATION THAT WOULD CHANGE THE WORLD]‎

‎Frankfurt a. M., 1845. 8vo. Contemporary black half calf. Professionally rebacked. Title-page somewhat dusty and re-hinged. VIII, 335, (1) pp.‎

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎Die Kaufkraft des Geldes. Ihre Bestimmung und ihre Beziehung zu Kredit, Zins und Krisen. - [SEMINAL WORK IN MONETARY ECONOMICS]‎

‎Berlin, Verlag von Georg Reimer, 1916. Royal8vo. Bound in a nice contemporary half calf binding with five raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. Stamps to titlepage, otherwise fine. XX, 435 pp. + one folded plate.‎

‎First German edition of Fisher's seminal work in which he introduced his famous equation of exchange, known as the Fisher Equation. ""No other mathematical formulation in economics, perhaps no other in history save that of Albert Einstein, has enjoyed a greater vogue, and this continues without diminution to our own time."" (Galbraith. A History of Economics, Pp. 152-3).The Fisher Equation states MV=PT. (M=stock of money, V= the velocity of circulation of money, P=price level, T=amount of transactions carried out using money).In theory this means that by varying the supply of money, while the velocity and the volume of trade remained the same could raise or lower the level of prices. Upward movements could be arrested by reducing the money supply.""This was a mojor, even awe-inspiring, step in the history of economics. [...] Later, in the early years of the Great Depression, Fischer and his disciples would be at the center of policy"" they would urge and, in some measures, create a plan to arrest the punishing price deflation of the time. [...] With Fisher the long history of money is brought into the modern era.""Irving Fisher is regarded as being one of the earliest American neoclassical economists and the first celebrity economist. Fisher was also the first economist to distinguish clearly between real and nominal interest rates and he was by Milton Friedman called ""the greatest economist the United States has ever produced.""‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 51517

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎The Purchasing Power of Money. Its Determination and Relation to Credit, Interest and Crisis. - [SEMINAL WORK IN MONETARY ECONOMICS]‎

‎New York, Macmillan, 1911. 8vo. In the original full cloth. Library-label (University Club of Chicago) pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper. Wear and soiling to extremities. Text on spine faded and ""F1"" wirtten in white to spine. Cloth loosend to back of spine and a 2 cm long tear to the middle of spine. Book-block, however, firmly attached. Internally fine and clean. XXII, (2), 505 pp.‎

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎The Stock Market Crash - And After. - [THE CAUSES OF THE 1929 STOCK MARKET CRASH]‎

‎New York, Macmillan, 1930. 8vo. In the original red full cloth and with the the original dust-jacket. Dust-jacket price-clipped and missing 2 cm of lower part of spine, spine discoloured. Internally very fine and clean. Binding likewise very fine and clean. xxvi, (2), 286 pp.‎

‎"FOURIER, CH. [FRANÇOIS MARIE CHARLES].‎

‎Traité de l'association domestique-agricole. 2 Vols. (+) Sommaire du traité de l'association domestique-agricole ou attraction industrielle. - [FOUNDING UTOPIAN SOCIALISM AND COINING ""FEMINIST""]‎

‎Paris, Bossange père" " Londres, Martin Bossange et Comp., 1822 & 1823. 8vo. [Traité:] Two lovely contemporary, uniform half calf bindings with gilding and blindstamped ornamentations to spines. ""E. C."" in gilt lettering to top of spine on both volumes + [Sommaire:] a bit later red half cloth with marbled paper over boards. Gilt title to spine. [Traité]: signed by the author on verso of half-title in vol. 1: ""Ch Fourier"". Title-page of vol. 1 with a small light brown stain (probably candle-starin), far from affecting lettering. Both volumes in lovely condition, with only very light occassional brownspoting. LXXX, 592 pp." " VIII, 648 pp. [Sommaire:] Title-page slightly browned, evenly. Otherwise very nice, clean, and fresh. 16 pp, pp. (1329) -1448 + 4 ff. (= (A8 (unnumbered) - on two leaves, first recto and second verso blank) + B8, C8, D8, E8).A lovely set.‎

‎"FRISCH, RAGNAR.‎

‎Sur un problème d'economie pure. - [FOUNDING PAPER ON ECONOMETRICS.]‎

‎Oslo, Grøndahl & Søns, 1926. 8vo. In the original modest boards with cloth to spine. Red library stamp to front board and top of first page. Otherwise fine and clean. 40 pp.‎

‎First printing of Frisch's scarce landmark paper which not only coined the term ""econometrics"" but also introduced it as an entirely new economic discipline thereby holding a seminal position in 20th century economics. The paper was a powerful demonstration of the meaning of econometrics: mathematical precision in the formulation of theoretical concepts and relationships so as to make them quantifiable, and erudition and ingenuity in the application of statistical methods to available data. The paper drew up further perspectives for the development of the newly coined discipline. Frisch was in 1969 awarded the Nobel Prize in economics ""for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes"". ""The Sur un problème essay made a forceful impression on the small number of mathematically inclined economists who - like Irving Fisher - happened to be introduced to it. It was not translated and published in English until 1972 at the very end of Frisch's life. The paper would deserve a place in the history of economics, even for no other reason than the opening sentences, which coined the first of Frisch's many - and by far the most important - contributions to the international terminology of the discipline"" (Regnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research): 'Intermédiaire entre les mathématiques, la statistique et l'économie politique, nous trouvons une discipline nouvelle que l'on peut, faute de mieux, désigner sous le nom de l'économétrie. L'économétrie se pose le but de soumettre les lois abstraites de l'economie politique théorique ou l'économie 'pure' à une vérification expérimentale et numeriques, et ainsi de constituer, autant que cela est possible, l'economie pure en une science dans le sens restreint de ce mot' (i.e.'Intermediate between mathematics, statistics, and economics, we find a new discipline which for lack of a better name, may be called econometrics. Econometrics has as its aim to subject abstract laws of theoretical political economy or 'pure' economics to experimental and numerical verification, and thus to turn pure economics, as far as possible, into a science in the strict sense of the word'.).Frisch's paper on economics had been prepared largely during his stay in Paris in the preceding years. Since 1923 Frisch had published some papers in theoretical statistics, but he was on a course to become - for lack of a better term - a mathematical economist, firmly determined to give his scientific contribution within economics. He had prepared himself for the task by far-reaching studies in mathematics and statistics in addition to his readings of economic literature. The two professors of economics in Norway at this time belonged to the Faculty of Law, and there was no research institution or separate university department in economics. Hence, colleagues with related scientific interests had by and large to be found abroad, and Frisch had established connections, mostly within Europe, by travels and correspondence.Frisch was one of the founders of economics in general as a modern science. He coined a number of new words including econometrics and macroeconomics. He helped set up Neo-Walrasian research. He formalized production theory. In econometrics he worked on time series and linear regression analysis. With Frederick Waugh, he introduced the celebrated Frisch-Waugh theorem (Econometrica1933) (sometimes referred to as the Frisch-Waugh-Lovell theorem). His 1933 work on impulse-propagation business cycles became one of the principles of modern New Classical business cycle theory. He also helped introduce econometric modeling to government economic planning and accounting. He was one of the founders of the Econometric Society and editor of Econometrica for over twenty years. The Frisch Medal, so named in his honor, is given every two years for the best paper published in the Econometrica in the previous five years. (The New Palgrave).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 46180

‎"GALIANI, FERDINANDO.‎

‎Della moneta libri cinque. Edizione seconda. - [""THE BEST OF THE MANY TREATISES PUBLISHED IN ITALY ON MONEY""]‎

‎Napoli, Stamperia Simoniana, 1780. 4to. In contemporary full vellum with leather title label with gilt lettering to spine. Occassionally brownspotted throughout, otherwise a good copy. (28), 416 pp.‎

‎Second edition, supplemented with a preface, notes and an epilogue, remarking on the change in the current situation since the first edition, of this groundbreaking work in monetary economics, considered one of the first specific treatises on economics. Galiani's treatise, first printed anonymously in 1751, was not just a work of economics"" it was based on the principal that freedom was important for society to work properly and it became very influential in subsequent monetary theory - ""This is the best of the many treatises published in Italy on money"" (McCulloch). Most of Galiani’s theoretical work can be found in his ‘Della moneta’. Despite the variety of topics addressed in the book, the basic contributions concern value and monetary theory and the so called paradox of value which according to Schumpeter he ‘carried this analysis to its 18th-century peak’ (History of Economic Analysis, p.300). “Besides being a policy paper – stressing, in Vico’s tradition, the importance of happiness and utility and arguing that policy does not have principles, hence different economic policies are needed in different times – Della moneta is also a sophisticated theoretical treatise. The latter is probably the highest analysis on the nature of money, its value and the implications of different policies on prices, supply and demand of goods and equilibrium. In the tradition of Montanari and Davanzati, Galiani develops a subjective value theory on philosophical and psychological grounds. The value of anything is something that human human beingsdetermine for themselves naturally, through their own mutual agreement. Utility equals happiness and is inversely proportional to rarity" value is a function of marginal utility" no lawm nor governments, should therefore try to impose estimates of value (‘alzamento’) on others, because this coercion would eventually ruin and corrupt the natural order of things. In the treatise he challenged both Broggio, Locke and above all Jean-Francois Melon, whose work he knew through his uncle Celestino. He proclaims his debt to a long tradition of studies on money and on monetary theory: from Aristotle, to the Spanish theologians of the School of Salamanca, Bernardo Davanzati and William Petty, showing the breadth of his reading and the quality of sources.” (Books that Made Europe). Ferdinando Galiani was a leading Italian figure of the Enlightenment and one of the most notable Italian economists of all time. Friedrich Nietzsche referred to him as ""a most fastidious and refined intelligence"" as well as ""... the most profound, sharp-sighted and perhaps also the foulest man of his century."" Kress I. B 275. Einaudi 2330 Mattioli 1374 McCulloch p. 190‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 60056

‎"GINI, CORRADO.‎

‎Il sesso dal punto di vista statistico. Le leggi della produzione dei sessi. - [CORRADO GINI'S FIRST PUBLISHED WORK]‎

‎Milano, Palermo, Napoli, Rema Sandron, 1908. 4to. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Title page with signs after a removed stamp. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. XXIX, (1), 517, (3), 16. + 54 numbered plates and 3 unnumbered plates.‎

‎"GINI, CORRADO.‎

‎Il sesso dal punto di vista statistico. Le leggi della produzione dei sessi. - [CORRADO GINI'S FIRST PUBLISHED WORK]‎

‎Milano, Palermo, Napoli, Rema Sandron, 1908. 4to. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Title page with signs after a removed stamp. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. XXIX, (1), 517, (3), 16. + 54 numbered plates and 3 unnumbered plates.‎

‎First edition of Italian economist Gini's - particularly famous for the Gini coefficient - graduate thesis, and first published work, on gender from a statistical point of view, in which he for the first time introduced: ""the hypothesis that the cause of differential birth rate could be reduced to the environmental influence on ""germinal elements"" (Cassata: Building the New Man: Eugenics, Racial Science and Genetics in Twentieth Century). This work is a thorough review of the natal sex ratio, looking at past theories and at how new hypothesis fit the statistical data. In particular, it presents evidence that the tendency to produce one or the other sex of child is, to some extent, heritable.""Animals kept in captivity demonstrated, according to Gini, that ""the maturation of the germinal elements is obstructed by captivity, as it impedes muscular activity, makes the environment uniform, and greatly reduces the reaction of the organism."" In the same way, in the human species, the ""development of sex"" appeared favored by those conditions - muscular work, ""active rural life"", sport - that ""command in the organism, and through it, in the germinal cells, a lively reaction, which is obstructed on the other, by the opposite conditions of health and tranquility"". This physiological reason could explain, therefore Gini's view, the lesser prolificacy of the aristocracy compared to the lower social classes and the decreasing rate of the ""white races"". (Cassata: Building the New Man: Eugenics, Racial Science and Genetics in Twentieth Century).""Gini (1884-1965), perhaps best known to economists because of the Gini Coefficient, was born in Motta di Livenza, Italy. His doctoral thesis [The present], defended in 1905, was awarded the Vittorio Emanuele prize for social sciences. (The New Palgrave).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 46967

‎"GIULIANI, ANTONIO.‎

‎Saggio Politico sopra le vicissitudini inevitabili delle società civili. - [THE FIRST FORMULATION OF THE MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION ]‎

‎Vienna, Ignazio Alberti, 1791. 4to. Magnificent contemporary full mottled calf with richly gilt spine. gilt ornamental borders to boards and large oval centre-pieces, each encircled by a floriated gilt border, inside which a female figures of polished calf, in Roman style - presumably predicting Minerva (the goddess of wisdom and war) on the front and Juventas (the goddess of youth) on the back board. All edges of boards gilt and inner gilt dentelles. All edges gilt. Bound by G.F. Kraus of Vienna, with gold-stamped binder's signature to inside of back board. A bit of wear (mostly coming from the acid used to mottle the calf in the 18th century). A magnificent copy that is also internally in splendid condition. It is printed on thick, heavy paper and with wide margins. There's an elegant stamp to the title-page, a crowned monogram that we have not been able to identify.‎

‎Exceedingly scarce first edition - in a stunning binding - of the groundbreaking main work by Antonio Giuliani, in which he formulates his political and economic system, presenting his theory of population growth, which antedates Malthus' ""Essay on Population"" by seven years.This influential work actually constitutes the forerunner and the first formulation of The Malthusian theory of population and population growth, which had an immense impact on not only politics, economics and social sciences, but also on natural sciences. For instance both Darwin and Wallace considered the theory of population growth a main source in their development of the theory of natural selection.Malthus does not explicitly reference the work, but it is very likely that he read it. It was published in both Italian, German, and French - and apparently also in English as ""A Political Essay on the Unavoidable Revolution incident to Civil Societies"" (Molini, Paris, London, 1791) (see Watt: Bibliotheca Britannica) seven years before Malthus published his work, and it was reviewed in England the following year, where it was met with great critique - like some years later Mathus' ""Essay on Population"" would be too. ""At a time when the science of politics is undergoing such extensive discussions, and when the improvement of our knowledge in the art of governing is sought practically, as well as in theory, this writer steps forward, and tells us that our reasoning is vain, and that our exertions are fruitless: that human wisdom and political fagacity neither impede nor hasten the fate of societies: that ministers and statesmen, who suppose that they govern the world, are mistaken, for the world governs itself: that there is a propelling force, of which politicians are ignorant, that drives all civil societies to their destruction" and that, from the excess of their strength, arises their decay: - in fact, that all our pretended knowledge is useless, if not hurtful and that the science of legislation is like that of physic its pretensions are quackeries, and its progress is marked with an increase of mischiefs, as a greater number of persons die since the art of healing has been practised. The mystery which our politician has developed amounts to this: that every country arrives in time to such a degree of population, that the produce of the ground is not sufficient to supply the wants of the inhabitants: the consequence necessarily is, that the nation is starved to death. - All the light, says he, that the most profound meditation on the nature of social bodies can furnith, must be reduced to this proposition, that there exists two classes of men, which ought to be exactly balanced: the one is the productive class, which furnishes the food by which life is sustained: the other is the consuming class, which exists only by the favour of the former. It is incontrovertible, then, that an equilibrium should be preserved between these two bodies and that societies can flourish only while it remains unaltered. This fortunate state is of short duration: men multiply, without any law being provided to proportion their increase to their means of subsistence.This is the ground-work of our author's system, of which he afterward unfolds several parts. The inhabitants of cities, the monarch, the noble, the magistrate, the priest, the merchant, the soldier, the courtier, the man of letters, the artist, and all those whose industry and talents are employed in a thousand various manners, form the consuming class, and are, in fact, a heavy load, pressing down the farmers or cultivators of the ground, who are the productive class. ...In order to shew the danger resulting to society from an excess of population, and from the extension of commerce, (for this is also a doctrine held by our author,) he should have proved that there were more persons in existence than could have their wants supplied by the culture of the earth...He sees nothing but the approach of ruin in the increase of mankind and the catastrophe of the tragedy must long since have been finished, had not Providence ordained that man, wanting, as in the case of other animals, a variety of different species to prey on his life, should take into his hands the work of thinning the world and, by fighting, one against another, keep population within bounds" while, by destroying, from time to time, the superfluous number, he should make room for the entrance of fresh generations. - Hence, then, the utility and absolute necessity of wars!...Such is the ground-work and basis of Signor Guiliani's system: the superstructure is as perishable as the foundation is rotten: he has erected his house on the sand.""(Contemporary review of the original and the French translation, in: The Monthly Review, Vol. IX, London, 1792, pp. 559-562). The work outlines a well-rounded system of politics and economics, at the core of which we have the theory of population growth.""An important contribution to the history of political philosophy is made by two small works recently disinterred by Croce and composed 1791 and 1793 by an Italian of Trieste, Antonio de Guiliani, an Austrian subject who studied with an alert and unprejudiced mind the political and economic vicissitudes of Europe in the period between the enlightened despotism of Joseph II and the outbreak of the French Revolution. From his first writing, ""Saggio politico sopra le vicissitudini inevitabili delle societa civili,"" Guiliani, who in his youth had shared in the generous illusions of illuministic rationalism, already appears disillusioned, as if he no longer believed in the power of reason to regulate and guide the course of human events. According to him, man believes that everything is guided by reason because he reasons on everything that happens. On the contrary, the forces that govern the interweaving of events are much more elemental and natural, and politicians are rather passive instruments than active artificers of the course of history. There is an elemental principle of life that regulates the life and death of social groups. This principle is as much hidden from politicians as the principle that animates living species in concealed from physicians. Man falls sick and dies despite the efforts of much vaunted science"" and societies languish and die in spite of the efforts of politics and legislation. This principle consists in the fact that there exist two classes which ought to balance one another - the class that produces economic goods, and the class of consumers that only exists by virtue of the former, and which corresponds to a certain extent with the ""sterile"" class of physiocrats. As long as the two classes balance, society has a prosperous and harmonious life, and these conditions are usually found in the less progressive phases of an historical period when the mass of production sufficiently covers consumption. But in the periods that are generally considered most progressive, when population is rapidly increasing and great urban agglomerations begin to appear, Giuliani is on the contrary inclined to note a beginning of decadence and dissolution. ""The equilibrium of the two classes begins insensibly to alter"" men multiply without any restraining law to regulate the increase of population according to the means of subsistence. Instead the politicians hail with satisfaction the increase of population and do not perceive that in nature the various living species are balanced by mutual destruction, while man, with whom no other animal can enter into competition, is condemned to regulate his species himself, and to be the author of his own destruction."" Hence revolutions, wars, commercial rivalries, and all those vicissitudes of human history that are usually named from their apparent causes, though they have at the same time a hidden reason disguised in the undeviating order of nature. The English reader will easily recognize here the characteristic traits of the doctrine of Malthus, but it is Malthusian doctrine ""avant la lettre"", as it antedates by seven years the famous ""Essay on Population"". There are wanting in Giuliani the mathematical determination of the two series, arithmetical and geometrical (which is anyway the most arbitrary part of the ""Essay"" of Malthus), and the council of moral restraint. Nevertheless, both authors are equally alive to the complex consequences resulting from the disproportion between population and the means of subsistence, and both have, as Croce says, ""the merit of having considered not only the paradisiacal aspect of ""crescite et multiplicamini"", that of placid, increasing, and idyllic prosperity, but the demonic and revolutionary aspect as well."" ... Finally we may note the characteristic that Giuliani, like Mathus, deduces from his economic principle a political attitude that is not only conservative but to some degree reactionary."" (Guido de Ruggiero: Philosophy in Italy. In: Philosophy, Vol. 9, No. 34. (Apr. 1934), pp. 215-17).We have been able to locate only four copies of the true first edition (namely that in Italian, printed in Vienna) on OCLC and no copies at auctions whatsoever.Einaudi: 2603.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 55808

‎"GOLDBERG, V.‎

‎Regulation and Administered Contracts. - [INITIATING ""TRANSACTIONS-COST ECONOMICS""]‎

‎Worcester MA, The Heffernan Press, 1976. Royal8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. In ""The Bell Journal of Economics"": Vol. 7, No. 2, Spring 1976. Entire volume offered. Very light wear to extremities otherwise a very fine and crisp copy (not ex-library). Pp. 426-448 [Entire volume: Pp. 359-736].‎

‎First printing of Goldberg important paper in which he was the first first to emphasise the incompleteness of long-term contracts and the key role of long-term contracts in establishing a process for adjusting the terms of the agreement to changing market conditions over time.The paper initiated together with Williamson's paper published the same year the new field of ""transactions-cost economics"".Here he ""foresaw the essential similarity between the issues that arise in public utility regulation and the issues in administering a long-term contract: ""In searching for a rationale for regulation we should look not at the shape of the long-run average cost curve, but instead at the complexities involved in devising and administering such a contract. Indeed, natural monopoly industries will be characterized in this paper not by their alleged decreasing average costs, but by the features which make long-term relationships between consumers and producers desirable and which further make it extremely difficult to determine at the outset the specific terms of that relationship."""" (Biggar, the fifty most important papers in the economics of regulation)‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 50116