‎Sciences economiques‎

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎The Debt-Deflation Theory of Great Depressions. - [FISHER'S 'DEBT DEFLATION THEORY']‎

‎[Menasha, Wisconsin], The Econometric Society, 1933. Royal8vo. In a contemporary black half calf binding with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Econometrica"", Vol. 1, 1933. Entire volume offered. Light wear to extremities and small stamp to title-page. A fine copy. Pp. 339-357. [Entire volume: (4), 448 pp.].‎

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎The Purchasing Power of Money. Its Determination and Relation to Credit, Interest and Crisis. - [SEMINAL WORK IN MONETARY ECONOMICS]‎

‎New York, Macmillan, 1911. 8vo. In the original full cloth. Library-label (University Club of Chicago) pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper. Wear and soiling to extremities. Text on spine faded and ""F1"" wirtten in white to spine. Cloth loosend to back of spine and a 2 cm long tear to the middle of spine. Book-block, however, firmly attached. Internally fine and clean. XXII, (2), 505 pp.‎

‎"FISHER, IRVING.‎

‎The Stock Market Crash - And After. - [THE CAUSES OF THE 1929 STOCK MARKET CRASH]‎

‎New York, Macmillan, 1930. 8vo. In the original red full cloth and with the the original dust-jacket. Dust-jacket price-clipped and missing 2 cm of lower part of spine, spine discoloured. Internally very fine and clean. Binding likewise very fine and clean. xxvi, (2), 286 pp.‎

‎"FRISCH, RAGNAR.‎

‎Sur un problème d'economie pure. - [FOUNDING PAPER ON ECONOMETRICS.]‎

‎Oslo, Grøndahl & Søns, 1926. 8vo. In the original modest boards with cloth to spine. Red library stamp to front board and top of first page. Otherwise fine and clean. 40 pp.‎

‎First printing of Frisch's scarce landmark paper which not only coined the term ""econometrics"" but also introduced it as an entirely new economic discipline thereby holding a seminal position in 20th century economics. The paper was a powerful demonstration of the meaning of econometrics: mathematical precision in the formulation of theoretical concepts and relationships so as to make them quantifiable, and erudition and ingenuity in the application of statistical methods to available data. The paper drew up further perspectives for the development of the newly coined discipline. Frisch was in 1969 awarded the Nobel Prize in economics ""for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes"". ""The Sur un problème essay made a forceful impression on the small number of mathematically inclined economists who - like Irving Fisher - happened to be introduced to it. It was not translated and published in English until 1972 at the very end of Frisch's life. The paper would deserve a place in the history of economics, even for no other reason than the opening sentences, which coined the first of Frisch's many - and by far the most important - contributions to the international terminology of the discipline"" (Regnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research): 'Intermédiaire entre les mathématiques, la statistique et l'économie politique, nous trouvons une discipline nouvelle que l'on peut, faute de mieux, désigner sous le nom de l'économétrie. L'économétrie se pose le but de soumettre les lois abstraites de l'economie politique théorique ou l'économie 'pure' à une vérification expérimentale et numeriques, et ainsi de constituer, autant que cela est possible, l'economie pure en une science dans le sens restreint de ce mot' (i.e.'Intermediate between mathematics, statistics, and economics, we find a new discipline which for lack of a better name, may be called econometrics. Econometrics has as its aim to subject abstract laws of theoretical political economy or 'pure' economics to experimental and numerical verification, and thus to turn pure economics, as far as possible, into a science in the strict sense of the word'.).Frisch's paper on economics had been prepared largely during his stay in Paris in the preceding years. Since 1923 Frisch had published some papers in theoretical statistics, but he was on a course to become - for lack of a better term - a mathematical economist, firmly determined to give his scientific contribution within economics. He had prepared himself for the task by far-reaching studies in mathematics and statistics in addition to his readings of economic literature. The two professors of economics in Norway at this time belonged to the Faculty of Law, and there was no research institution or separate university department in economics. Hence, colleagues with related scientific interests had by and large to be found abroad, and Frisch had established connections, mostly within Europe, by travels and correspondence.Frisch was one of the founders of economics in general as a modern science. He coined a number of new words including econometrics and macroeconomics. He helped set up Neo-Walrasian research. He formalized production theory. In econometrics he worked on time series and linear regression analysis. With Frederick Waugh, he introduced the celebrated Frisch-Waugh theorem (Econometrica1933) (sometimes referred to as the Frisch-Waugh-Lovell theorem). His 1933 work on impulse-propagation business cycles became one of the principles of modern New Classical business cycle theory. He also helped introduce econometric modeling to government economic planning and accounting. He was one of the founders of the Econometric Society and editor of Econometrica for over twenty years. The Frisch Medal, so named in his honor, is given every two years for the best paper published in the Econometrica in the previous five years. (The New Palgrave).‎

Ссылка продавца : 46180

‎"GALIANI, FERDINANDO.‎

‎Della moneta libri cinque. Edizione seconda. - [""THE BEST OF THE MANY TREATISES PUBLISHED IN ITALY ON MONEY""]‎

‎Napoli, Stamperia Simoniana, 1780. 4to. In contemporary full vellum with leather title label with gilt lettering to spine. Occassionally brownspotted throughout, otherwise a good copy. (28), 416 pp.‎

‎Second edition, supplemented with a preface, notes and an epilogue, remarking on the change in the current situation since the first edition, of this groundbreaking work in monetary economics, considered one of the first specific treatises on economics. Galiani's treatise, first printed anonymously in 1751, was not just a work of economics"" it was based on the principal that freedom was important for society to work properly and it became very influential in subsequent monetary theory - ""This is the best of the many treatises published in Italy on money"" (McCulloch). Most of Galiani’s theoretical work can be found in his ‘Della moneta’. Despite the variety of topics addressed in the book, the basic contributions concern value and monetary theory and the so called paradox of value which according to Schumpeter he ‘carried this analysis to its 18th-century peak’ (History of Economic Analysis, p.300). “Besides being a policy paper – stressing, in Vico’s tradition, the importance of happiness and utility and arguing that policy does not have principles, hence different economic policies are needed in different times – Della moneta is also a sophisticated theoretical treatise. The latter is probably the highest analysis on the nature of money, its value and the implications of different policies on prices, supply and demand of goods and equilibrium. In the tradition of Montanari and Davanzati, Galiani develops a subjective value theory on philosophical and psychological grounds. The value of anything is something that human human beingsdetermine for themselves naturally, through their own mutual agreement. Utility equals happiness and is inversely proportional to rarity" value is a function of marginal utility" no lawm nor governments, should therefore try to impose estimates of value (‘alzamento’) on others, because this coercion would eventually ruin and corrupt the natural order of things. In the treatise he challenged both Broggio, Locke and above all Jean-Francois Melon, whose work he knew through his uncle Celestino. He proclaims his debt to a long tradition of studies on money and on monetary theory: from Aristotle, to the Spanish theologians of the School of Salamanca, Bernardo Davanzati and William Petty, showing the breadth of his reading and the quality of sources.” (Books that Made Europe). Ferdinando Galiani was a leading Italian figure of the Enlightenment and one of the most notable Italian economists of all time. Friedrich Nietzsche referred to him as ""a most fastidious and refined intelligence"" as well as ""... the most profound, sharp-sighted and perhaps also the foulest man of his century."" Kress I. B 275. Einaudi 2330 Mattioli 1374 McCulloch p. 190‎

Ссылка продавца : 60056

‎"GINI, CORRADO.‎

‎Il sesso dal punto di vista statistico. Le leggi della produzione dei sessi. - [CORRADO GINI'S FIRST PUBLISHED WORK]‎

‎Milano, Palermo, Napoli, Rema Sandron, 1908. 4to. Bound in recent full cloth with red leather title label with gilt lettering to spine. Front wrapper pasted on to front board. Occassional light underlignings in pencil. A fine copy. XXIX, (1), 517, (3), 16. + 54 numbered plates and 3 unnumbered plates.‎

‎First edition of Italian economist Gini's - particularly famous for the Gini coefficient - graduate thesis, and first published work, on gender from a statistical point of view, in which he for the first time introduced: ""the hypothesis that the cause of differential birth rate could be reduced to the environmental influence on ""germinal elements"" (Cassata: Building the New Man: Eugenics, Racial Science and Genetics in Twentieth Century). This work is a thorough review of the natal sex ratio, looking at past theories and at how new hypothesis fit the statistical data. In particular, it presents evidence that the tendency to produce one or the other sex of child is, to some extent, heritable.""Animals kept in captivity demonstrated, according to Gini, that ""the maturation of the germinal elements is obstructed by captivity, as it impedes muscular activity, makes the environment uniform, and greatly reduces the reaction of the organism."" In the same way, in the human species, the ""development of sex"" appeared favored by those conditions - muscular work, ""active rural life"", sport - that ""command in the organism, and through it, in the germinal cells, a lively reaction, which is obstructed on the other, by the opposite conditions of health and tranquility"". This physiological reason could explain, therefore Gini's view, the lesser prolificacy of the aristocracy compared to the lower social classes and the decreasing rate of the ""white races"". (Cassata: Building the New Man: Eugenics, Racial Science and Genetics in Twentieth Century).""Gini (1884-1965), perhaps best known to economists because of the Gini Coefficient, was born in Motta di Livenza, Italy. His doctoral thesis [The present], defended in 1905, was awarded the Vittorio Emanuele prize for social sciences. (The New Palgrave).‎

Ссылка продавца : 46946

‎"GINI, CORRADO.‎

‎Il sesso dal punto di vista statistico. Le leggi della produzione dei sessi. - [CORRADO GINI'S FIRST PUBLISHED WORK]‎

‎Milano, Palermo, Napoli, Rema Sandron, 1908. 4to. Bound in recent full cloth with red leather title label with gilt lettering to spine. Front wrapper pasted on to front board. Occassional light underlignings in pencil. A fine copy. XXIX, (1), 517, (3), 16. + 54 numbered plates and 3 unnumbered plates.‎

‎"GIULIANI, ANTONIO.‎

‎Saggio Politico sopra le vicissitudini inevitabili delle società civili. - [THE FIRST FORMULATION OF THE MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION ]‎

‎Vienna, Ignazio Alberti, 1791. 4to. Magnificent contemporary full mottled calf with richly gilt spine. gilt ornamental borders to boards and large oval centre-pieces, each encircled by a floriated gilt border, inside which a female figures of polished calf, in Roman style - presumably predicting Minerva (the goddess of wisdom and war) on the front and Juventas (the goddess of youth) on the back board. All edges of boards gilt and inner gilt dentelles. All edges gilt. Bound by G.F. Kraus of Vienna, with gold-stamped binder's signature to inside of back board. A bit of wear (mostly coming from the acid used to mottle the calf in the 18th century). A magnificent copy that is also internally in splendid condition. It is printed on thick, heavy paper and with wide margins. There's an elegant stamp to the title-page, a crowned monogram that we have not been able to identify.‎

‎Exceedingly scarce first edition - in a stunning binding - of the groundbreaking main work by Antonio Giuliani, in which he formulates his political and economic system, presenting his theory of population growth, which antedates Malthus' ""Essay on Population"" by seven years.This influential work actually constitutes the forerunner and the first formulation of The Malthusian theory of population and population growth, which had an immense impact on not only politics, economics and social sciences, but also on natural sciences. For instance both Darwin and Wallace considered the theory of population growth a main source in their development of the theory of natural selection.Malthus does not explicitly reference the work, but it is very likely that he read it. It was published in both Italian, German, and French - and apparently also in English as ""A Political Essay on the Unavoidable Revolution incident to Civil Societies"" (Molini, Paris, London, 1791) (see Watt: Bibliotheca Britannica) seven years before Malthus published his work, and it was reviewed in England the following year, where it was met with great critique - like some years later Mathus' ""Essay on Population"" would be too. ""At a time when the science of politics is undergoing such extensive discussions, and when the improvement of our knowledge in the art of governing is sought practically, as well as in theory, this writer steps forward, and tells us that our reasoning is vain, and that our exertions are fruitless: that human wisdom and political fagacity neither impede nor hasten the fate of societies: that ministers and statesmen, who suppose that they govern the world, are mistaken, for the world governs itself: that there is a propelling force, of which politicians are ignorant, that drives all civil societies to their destruction" and that, from the excess of their strength, arises their decay: - in fact, that all our pretended knowledge is useless, if not hurtful and that the science of legislation is like that of physic its pretensions are quackeries, and its progress is marked with an increase of mischiefs, as a greater number of persons die since the art of healing has been practised. The mystery which our politician has developed amounts to this: that every country arrives in time to such a degree of population, that the produce of the ground is not sufficient to supply the wants of the inhabitants: the consequence necessarily is, that the nation is starved to death. - All the light, says he, that the most profound meditation on the nature of social bodies can furnith, must be reduced to this proposition, that there exists two classes of men, which ought to be exactly balanced: the one is the productive class, which furnishes the food by which life is sustained: the other is the consuming class, which exists only by the favour of the former. It is incontrovertible, then, that an equilibrium should be preserved between these two bodies and that societies can flourish only while it remains unaltered. This fortunate state is of short duration: men multiply, without any law being provided to proportion their increase to their means of subsistence.This is the ground-work of our author's system, of which he afterward unfolds several parts. The inhabitants of cities, the monarch, the noble, the magistrate, the priest, the merchant, the soldier, the courtier, the man of letters, the artist, and all those whose industry and talents are employed in a thousand various manners, form the consuming class, and are, in fact, a heavy load, pressing down the farmers or cultivators of the ground, who are the productive class. ...In order to shew the danger resulting to society from an excess of population, and from the extension of commerce, (for this is also a doctrine held by our author,) he should have proved that there were more persons in existence than could have their wants supplied by the culture of the earth...He sees nothing but the approach of ruin in the increase of mankind and the catastrophe of the tragedy must long since have been finished, had not Providence ordained that man, wanting, as in the case of other animals, a variety of different species to prey on his life, should take into his hands the work of thinning the world and, by fighting, one against another, keep population within bounds" while, by destroying, from time to time, the superfluous number, he should make room for the entrance of fresh generations. - Hence, then, the utility and absolute necessity of wars!...Such is the ground-work and basis of Signor Guiliani's system: the superstructure is as perishable as the foundation is rotten: he has erected his house on the sand.""(Contemporary review of the original and the French translation, in: The Monthly Review, Vol. IX, London, 1792, pp. 559-562). The work outlines a well-rounded system of politics and economics, at the core of which we have the theory of population growth.""An important contribution to the history of political philosophy is made by two small works recently disinterred by Croce and composed 1791 and 1793 by an Italian of Trieste, Antonio de Guiliani, an Austrian subject who studied with an alert and unprejudiced mind the political and economic vicissitudes of Europe in the period between the enlightened despotism of Joseph II and the outbreak of the French Revolution. From his first writing, ""Saggio politico sopra le vicissitudini inevitabili delle societa civili,"" Guiliani, who in his youth had shared in the generous illusions of illuministic rationalism, already appears disillusioned, as if he no longer believed in the power of reason to regulate and guide the course of human events. According to him, man believes that everything is guided by reason because he reasons on everything that happens. On the contrary, the forces that govern the interweaving of events are much more elemental and natural, and politicians are rather passive instruments than active artificers of the course of history. There is an elemental principle of life that regulates the life and death of social groups. This principle is as much hidden from politicians as the principle that animates living species in concealed from physicians. Man falls sick and dies despite the efforts of much vaunted science"" and societies languish and die in spite of the efforts of politics and legislation. This principle consists in the fact that there exist two classes which ought to balance one another - the class that produces economic goods, and the class of consumers that only exists by virtue of the former, and which corresponds to a certain extent with the ""sterile"" class of physiocrats. As long as the two classes balance, society has a prosperous and harmonious life, and these conditions are usually found in the less progressive phases of an historical period when the mass of production sufficiently covers consumption. But in the periods that are generally considered most progressive, when population is rapidly increasing and great urban agglomerations begin to appear, Giuliani is on the contrary inclined to note a beginning of decadence and dissolution. ""The equilibrium of the two classes begins insensibly to alter"" men multiply without any restraining law to regulate the increase of population according to the means of subsistence. Instead the politicians hail with satisfaction the increase of population and do not perceive that in nature the various living species are balanced by mutual destruction, while man, with whom no other animal can enter into competition, is condemned to regulate his species himself, and to be the author of his own destruction."" Hence revolutions, wars, commercial rivalries, and all those vicissitudes of human history that are usually named from their apparent causes, though they have at the same time a hidden reason disguised in the undeviating order of nature. The English reader will easily recognize here the characteristic traits of the doctrine of Malthus, but it is Malthusian doctrine ""avant la lettre"", as it antedates by seven years the famous ""Essay on Population"". There are wanting in Giuliani the mathematical determination of the two series, arithmetical and geometrical (which is anyway the most arbitrary part of the ""Essay"" of Malthus), and the council of moral restraint. Nevertheless, both authors are equally alive to the complex consequences resulting from the disproportion between population and the means of subsistence, and both have, as Croce says, ""the merit of having considered not only the paradisiacal aspect of ""crescite et multiplicamini"", that of placid, increasing, and idyllic prosperity, but the demonic and revolutionary aspect as well."" ... Finally we may note the characteristic that Giuliani, like Mathus, deduces from his economic principle a political attitude that is not only conservative but to some degree reactionary."" (Guido de Ruggiero: Philosophy in Italy. In: Philosophy, Vol. 9, No. 34. (Apr. 1934), pp. 215-17).We have been able to locate only four copies of the true first edition (namely that in Italian, printed in Vienna) on OCLC and no copies at auctions whatsoever.Einaudi: 2603.‎

Ссылка продавца : 55808

‎"GOLDBERG, V.‎

‎Regulation and Administered Contracts. - [INITIATING ""TRANSACTIONS-COST ECONOMICS""]‎

‎Worcester MA, The Heffernan Press, 1976. Royal8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. In ""The Bell Journal of Economics"": Vol. 7, No. 2, Spring 1976. Entire volume offered. Very light wear to extremities otherwise a very fine and crisp copy (not ex-library). Pp. 426-448 [Entire volume: Pp. 359-736].‎

‎First printing of Goldberg important paper in which he was the first first to emphasise the incompleteness of long-term contracts and the key role of long-term contracts in establishing a process for adjusting the terms of the agreement to changing market conditions over time.The paper initiated together with Williamson's paper published the same year the new field of ""transactions-cost economics"".Here he ""foresaw the essential similarity between the issues that arise in public utility regulation and the issues in administering a long-term contract: ""In searching for a rationale for regulation we should look not at the shape of the long-run average cost curve, but instead at the complexities involved in devising and administering such a contract. Indeed, natural monopoly industries will be characterized in this paper not by their alleged decreasing average costs, but by the features which make long-term relationships between consumers and producers desirable and which further make it extremely difficult to determine at the outset the specific terms of that relationship."""" (Biggar, the fifty most important papers in the economics of regulation)‎

Ссылка продавца : 50116

‎"GROSSMAN, S. J. (+) J. E. STIGLITZ.‎

‎The Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets.‎

‎Nashville, American Economic Association, 1980. Lex8vo. In the original printed wrappers. In ""The American Economic Review, June 1980"". Pp. (4), 269-554, (14)]. Entire issue offered. A very fine and clean copy. Grossman and Stiglitz's paper: Pp. 393-408.‎

‎First printing of Grossman and Stiglitz's influential paper in which they showed that informationally efficient prices lead to a paradox: ""if the market aggregated their information perfectly, individuals' demand would not be based on their own information, but then, would it be possible for markets to aggregate information perfectly"". Joseph Eugene Stiglitz an American economist and a professor at Columbia University, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2001), former Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank. He is known for his critical view of the management ofglobalization, free-market economists, whom he calls ""free market fundamentalists"", and some international institutions like theInternational Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Stiglitz is one of the most frequently cited economists in the world. Stiglitz has to a large extent been influenced Keynes and has himself influenced famous and influential economist such as Paul Krugman, Jason Furman and Stephany Griffith-Jones.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46503

‎"HAAVELMO, TRYGVE.‎

‎Methods of measuring the marginal propensity to consume (+) Statistical analysis of the demand for food: Examples of simultaneous estimation of structural equations (+) Quantitative research in agricultural economics: the interdependence between agric...‎

‎Chicago, The University of Chicago, 1947-1948. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Three offprints from: ""Cowles Commission Paper"", New series, No. 22 & 24 & 27. Previous owner's name to top of front wrappers and library stamp to No. 22. Otherwise fine. Pp: 105-122" Pp. 79-110 " Pp. 910-116.‎

‎"HANSEN, CHR.‎

‎Dänisches Staatsinteresse und Holsteinische Eisenbahn. Bemerkungen, veranlasst durch die in Kiel erschienene Schrift: ""Holsteinische Eisenbahn."" Mit einer Charte.‎

‎Schleswig, Bruhn, 1840. Contemp. hcloth. Stamps on title-page. 62 pp., 1 folded lithographed map. Scattered brownspots.‎

‎"HAYEK, FRIEDRICH A.‎

‎Geldtheorie und Konjunkturtheorie. - [ESTABLISHING THE AUSTRIAN BUSINESS CYCLE]‎

‎Wien & Leipzig, Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, 1929. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Very light wear to extremities. First and last leaf with light brownspotting. A very fine and clean copy. XII, (1)-147, (1), [Blank] pp.‎

‎First edition of Hayek's first book, famously stating that there is a business cycle and that it is caused by the organization of the monetary system - it was later to be known as the Austrian Business Cycle. The present work established Hayek's ideological position within the economic community and laid the foundation for his future career. Here, he wrote of the necessity of the trade cycle and that all economic phenomena present that regular wave-like appearance that we observe in cyclical fluctuations. ""For Hayek, the cycle was a virtually unavoidable consequence of a credit economy"""" ""Hayek's fundamental point is that the business cycle is an unfortunate but unavoidable concomitant of a credit economy"". (Bruce Caldwell, Hayek's Collected Works).Hayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money and the business cycle. Ludwig von Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912) in which he also proposed an explanation for ""industrial fluctuations"" based on the ideas of the old British Currency School and of Swedish economist Knut Wicksell. Hayek used this body of work as a starting point for his own interpretation of the business cycle, elaborating what later became known as the Austrian theory of the business cycle.This work was translated into English in 1933 as Monetary Theory and the Trade Cycle. In 1974 Hayek shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics with Gunnar Myrdal.Masui p.1277 Cohen 184‎

Ссылка продавца : 57751

‎"HAYEK, FRIEDRICH A.‎

‎Gibt es einen Widersinn des Sparens. Ein Beitrag zur Kritik der Unterkonsumtionstheorie und zur Lehre vom Einfluss der Geldmenge auf die Kapitalbildung.‎

‎Wien, Springer, 1931. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from : ""Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie"", band 1, heft 3. Embossed stamp to upper part of front wrapper. Two library paper labels pasted on to spine. Wrappers loose, internally fine and clean. (V), 1, 54 pp.‎

‎"HICKS, J.R.‎

‎The Theory of Wages. - [INDUCED INNOVATION]‎

‎London, Macmillan & Co., 1932. 8vo. Orig. full brown cloth w. gilt lettering to spine. Orig. brown dust-jacket w. wear and a bit of loss to corners and capitals. Otherwise and excellent and clean copy w. only some occasinal minor brownspotting. XIV, 247 pp.‎

‎First edition of this standard work on wages, Hick's first major work, in which he proposed the macroeconomic hypothesis about INDUCED INNOVATION and foreshadowed important later developments in neoclassical distribution theory. Sir John Richard Hicks (1904 - 1989) was one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century. He has contributed seminally to moth micro- and macro-economics and in 1972 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences together with Kenneth Arrow for ""pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory.""As a labor economist, Hicks already in 1932, aged 28, wrote his first major work, his very important ""Theory of Wages"", which serves as a fundamental basis for recent theories of distribution, now widely developed in e.g. Cambridge. Hick's early work is still considered standard in the field, and a vast amount of literature has been published on his hypothesis of induced innovation, which is presented in this work for the first time. The theory is formulated as thus: ""a change in the relative prices of the factors of production is itself a spur to invention, and to invention of a particular kind-directed to economizing the use of a factor which has become relatively expensive."" And this theory has also frequently been applied to increases in energy costs, which would thus come to motivate a quicker improvement in energy efficiency.But not only did Hicks here propound the still influential theory of induced innovation, this work is also considered as foreshadowing many of his later theories, which have become significant contributions to neoclassical distribution theory"" e.g. a reformulation of marginal productivity theory, further development of the product exhaustion theorem, a macroeconomic theory of relative factor shares etc., etc. ""The object of this book is ""a restatement of the Theory of Wages in a form which shall be reasonably abreast of modern economic knowledge."" The treatment is based on the Marginal Productivity theory, although that theory is stated in a rather new way, designed to facilitate its use in realistic study of the labour market. This is followed by a more general study of the working of the labour market under competitive conditions, and by a theory of the secular forces governing the general level of wages. The second part of the book deals with the regulation of wages. There is a chapter on the Theory of Industrial Disputes, and one on the economic forces which have facilitated the Growth of Trade Union Power in England. The last chapters contain a detailed analysis of the effects of wage-regulation on unemployment, including the distribution of unemployment between industries, and the prospects of a reduction in unemployment through an increase in productivity."" (Front of dust-jacket).A second edition appeared in 1963.The work is scarce in the original dust-jacket.‎

Ссылка продавца : 37433

‎"HICKS, J.R.‎

‎The Theory of Wages. - [INDUCED INNOVATION]‎

‎London, Macmillan & Co., 1932. 8vo. Orig. full brown cloth w. gilt lettering to spine. Orig. brown dust-jacket w. wear and a bit of loss to corners and capitals. Otherwise and excellent and clean copy w. only some occasinal minor brownspotting. XIV, 247 pp.‎

‎"HOBSON, J.A.‎

‎The War in South Africa. Its Causes and effects. - [PRESENTATION-COPY FOR C.P. SCOTT]‎

‎London, James Nisbet & Co., 1900. 8vo. Uncut in orig. full red cloth w. gilt lettering to spine and front board. Spine a bit worn and faded, corners a bit bumped. Inscribed by the author on front free end-paper. VIII, 324, (4, -advertisements) pp.‎

‎"HOTELLING, HAROLD.‎

‎The Generalization of Student's Ratio. - ['CONFIDENCE INTERVALS']‎

‎Ann Arbor, Edwards Brothers, 1931. 8vo. In the original grey printed wrappers. Offprint from: ""The Annals of Mathematical Statistics"", August, 1931. Very light miscolouring to wrappers, otherwise a very fine copy. Pp. 360-378.‎

‎"ILYIN (ILIN), VLADIMIR [i.e. VLADIMIR LENIN].‎

‎Ekonomicheskie etyudy i stati. [i.e. Economic Studies and Essays]. - [LENIN'S FIRST BOOK]‎

‎S.-Petersburg, 1899 [recte October 1898]. 8vo. Bound in an excellent newer red half morocco in perfect contemporary style, with five raised bands and gilt author and year to spine. Marbled edges and beautiful marbled en-papers. Old owner's stamps to title-page (""Biblioteka Aleksandova, S. 1873 F."", ""Iz knig Avrutina M.V."", and the number ""21162""), otherwise also internally very nice and clean. (4), 290 pp.‎

‎"JUGLAR, CLÉMENT.‎

‎Des Crises commerciales. Considérées dans leurs rapports avec le mouvement des escomptes de la Banque, le développement de la population, des importations et des exportations, et le prix moyen des céréales. - [ANTICIPATING 'JUGLAR CYCLES']‎

‎Paris, Guillaumin, 1856. Small8vo. In a nice contemporary full calf binding with gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine and embossed front and back boards. In ""Annuaire de L'Economie Politique et de la Statistique"", 1856, Trezieme Annee. Entire volume offered. Wear to upper and lower part of spine and internally with light occassional brownspotting. A fine copy. Pp. 555-581. [Entire volume: VIII, 612 pp.].‎

‎"KATONA, GEORGE.‎

‎Psychological Analysis of Economic Behavior.‎

‎New York, McGraw-Hill, 1951. 8vo. In the original full cloth with gilt lettering to spine and front board. Small stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a very fine and clean copy. VII, (3), 347 pp.‎

‎"KOOPMANS, TJALLING.‎

‎Identification Problems in Economic Model Construction.‎

‎Chicago, The University of Chicago, 1949. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from: ""Cowles Commission Papers"", New Series, No. 31. Occassional underligning in pencil, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. (1), 448-66.‎

‎Offprint of Koopmans's paper in which he emphazised the need for identification of parameters, in particular when there is a change in structural paramters between the period of observation and the period to which the prediction applies. ""For example, assume a model that shows consumer's demands for jeans depends on prices and on their income. If there is any change in consumers' preferences, futures expectations, or a change in the tax rate between the period of observation and the period to which the prediction applies, there will certainly be some effect on the parameter values of this model."" (Wahid, Frontiers of Economics: Nobel Laureates of the Twentieth Century, 1969-1999).Koopman was awarded the Nobel price In Economics for his ""contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources"".‎

Ссылка продавца : 48850

‎"KOOPMANS, TJALLING.‎

‎Statistical Estimation of Simultaneous Economic Relations.‎

‎Chicago, The University of Chicago, 1945. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Offprint from: ""Cowles Commission Papers"", New Series, No. 11. With two wholes punched in the back. The name of the journal written to lower part of front wrapper. Occassional underligning in pencil. Pp. (1), 448-66.‎

‎Offprint of Koopman's important paper in which he showed that the question of what the observables and assumed underlying structure are capable of revealing is fundamentally distinct from the choice of statistical methods used in practice for estimation. Koopman was awarded the Nobel price In Economics for his ""contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources"".‎

Ссылка продавца : 48849

‎"KRUGMAN, P.‎

‎Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and Pattern of Trade. - [NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMICS 2008]‎

‎Nashville, American Economic Association, 1980. Lex8vo. In the original printed wrappers. In ""The American Economic Review, December 1980"". Entire issue offered. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. 950-959. [Entire volume: (4), 839-1130, (54) pp.].‎

‎First printing of Krugman's groundbreaking paper on trade patterns which was of seminal importance in him being awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2008 ""for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity"". The paper was one of the most influential to be published within economics for decades. Krugman, professor of Economics and International Affair at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University and columnist for The New York Times. Krugman is known in academia for his work on international economics (including trade theory, economic geography, and international finance). liquidity traps and currency crises. He is the 18th most widely cited economist in the world today. Krugman has to a large extent advocated a Keynsian approach to public spending, an economic policy in general.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46501

‎"LESSIO, LEONARDO.‎

‎De iustitia et iure caeterisque virtutibus cardinalibus libri quatuor... Editio Tertia. - [ONE OF THE EARLIEST WORKS ON BUSINESS AND ETHICS]‎

‎Paris, Rolini Theodorici, 1613. Folio (360 x 245 mm). In contemporay full calf with six raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. Gilt ruled fillets to board and oval gilt ornamentation to front board. Binding with considerable wear, upper and lower compartment of spine with loss of leather, lower part of front board with loss of leather. Inner hinges split. Title-page with a few stains. Dampstains throughout, especially lower inner half of last leaves affected. (12), 803, (64) pp.Provenance: From the library of Valdemar's Castle, Denmark.‎

‎Third edition of Lessius’ seminal treatise constituting one of the first works to deal with ethics and finance. Leonardus Lessius offers a detailed presentation of the late scholastic doctrine of ""restitution"": the doctrine of the obligation to pay damages and to compensate for enrichment. According to Roman Catholic doctrine, a sin could only be forgiven if the liable party had paid compensation for the damage or returned someone else’s property. Restitution thus transformed theological natural law into a genuine legal order which determined the daily life of the faithful. “Combining a full command of earlier scholastic authorities with a hitherto unprecedented grasp of market phenomena, Lessius provided fresh insights that challenged traditional economic doctrine in authoritative fashion. He is, certainly, the foremost continuator of the Spanish school of economic thought. Further, he has claims for consideration as a major contributor to the development of economic analysis.” (Gordon, Economic Analysis before Smith). “His work On Right and Justice is conceived as a commentary on the Secunda Secundae of Thomas Aquinas’ Summa, with one book devoted to each of the cardinal virtues" however Book II (Justice), which goes far beyond Aquinas’ text, occupies four-fifths of the entire work. It is a notable contribution to jurisprudential literature. First published in 1605, it was reprinted the following year in Lyon and in Paris, in 1617 in Venice and during the author’s lifetime alone twenty editions were issued, several of which included the appendix on the montes pietatis. Book II, ch. 20 deals with usury, and ch. 21 and 22 with exchanges and annuities. His economic teaching was in the tradition of the Spanish moralists, such as Azpilcueta and Covarrubias. He minimized the importance of the Bull Cum Onus promulgated by Pius V in 1568 against the rent-charges. He also defended the triple contract and held that the montes were justified in charging interest to reimburse administrative expenses. He knew Antwerp business well, including the Antwerp Exchange of which he wrote: “…the practice of the Bourse of Antwerp, where the merchants gather every day and take account of the abundance or shortage of money, of the number of exchanges, of the amount of merchandise and all other sources of gain in which there is need of present money. Then either by themselves or their agents they establish the price for the privation of money. Merchants who lend may demand this price for the reason that they are deprived of their money for such and such a time and may not call it back before the time agreed. This price is sometimes 6% per year and sometimes 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, or 12% more than twelve percent they are forbidden to demand by the Constitutions of Charles V…” (Houkes, pp. 369-70) For centuries Lessius’ work was to some extent forgotten. Joseph Schumpeter afforded Lessius more than ample mention in his monumental “History of Economic Analysis” which brought him back from obscurity.‎

Ссылка продавца : 62006