‎Administration‎

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration‎

‎STS-51-D Space Shuttle patch‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c1985. Presumed one of initial production. Patches. Very good. The format is approximately 5 inches at its longest long and is approximately 4 inches at its maximum width. STS-51-D was the 16th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the fourth flight of Space Shuttle Discovery. The launch of STS-51-D from Kennedy Space Center on April 12 1985 was delayed by 55 minutes after a boat strayed into the restricted Solid Rocket Booster recovery zone. STS-51-D was the third shuttle mission to be extended. On April 19 1985 after a week-long flight Discovery conducted the fifth shuttle landing at KSC. The shuttle suffered extensive brake damage and a ruptured tire during landing. This forced shuttle landings to be done at Edwards Air Force Base California for the next five years until the development and implementation of nose wheel steering made landings at KSC more feasible. The Space Shuttle is a retired partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by NASA as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official name was the Space Transportation System STS taken from the 1969 plan led by U.S. vice president Spiro Agnew for a system of reusable spacecraft where it was the only item funded for development. The first STS-1 test flight occurred in 1981 leading to operational flights beginning in 1982. Five complete Space Shuttle orbiter vehicles were built and flown on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011. Operational missions launched satellites probes the Hubble Space Telescope conducted science experiments in orbit and participated in the construction and servicing of the International Space Station ISS. A mission patch is a cloth reproduction of a spaceflight mission emblem worn by astronauts and other personnel affiliated with that mission. It is usually executed as an embroidered patch. The term space patch is mostly applied to an emblem designed for a crewed space mission. Traditionally the patch is worn on the space suit that astronauts and cosmonauts wear when launched into space. Mission patches have been adopted by the crew and personnel of many other space ventures public and private. The first space patch was flown by Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova on the Vostok 6 mission in 1963; however that was hidden from public view by the bright orange coverall that was part of the space suit at the time. At the start of the human spaceflight space age as a rule astronauts were pilots from a military background. These pilots took the tradition of military shoulder patches with them; most US space missions have had dedicated designs and since the mid-1980s most Soviet/Russian flights also featured space patches. Mission patches were first sported by NASA astronauts in 1965. The idea was first introduced to NASA by Air Force pilot and astronaut Gordon Cooper. Following the loss of the Apollo 1 crew in a devastating fire embroidered patches were restricted from crew clothing. Instead astronauts in flight wore mission patches of fire-resistant Beta cloth onto which designs were silkscreened. Embroidered patches were still produced for ground side wear non-flight personnel sale to collectors and to be flown in space as souvenirs. Early crewed NASA missions lacked patches; instead the astronauts gave their spacecraft names. Alan Shepard's capsule for Mercury 3 was named Freedom 7 for instance. When Gus Grissom proposed to name his Gemini 3 capsule Molly Brown—a reference to The Unsinkable Molly Brown referring in turn to Grissom's Mercury 4 capsule which sank in the ocean shortly after splashdown – NASA officials were nonplussed and they abolished the practice of naming capsules. This prompted astronaut Gordon Cooper to propose and develop a mission patch for his and Pete Conrad's 1965 Gemini 5 flight: an embroidered cloth patch sporting the names of the two crew members a covered wagon and the slogan "8 Days or Bust" which referred to the expected mission duration. NASA administrator James E. Webb approved the design but insisted on the removal of the slogan from the official version of the patch. The so-called Cooper patch was worn on the right breast of the astronauts' uniforms below their nameplates and opposite the NASA emblems worn on the left. Since Gemini 5 patches have been created for all NASA crewed missions and many uncrewed expeditions. Patches are now created by professional graphic designers but the design is still directed by each astronaut crew. They are designed and manufactured by A-B Emblem in North Carolina. Since Gemini 5 every NASA crewed space mission had its own patch; 8 designs for Gemini 12 for Apollo 3 for Skylab 1 for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project ASTP 135 for the Space Shuttle program and 1 for SpaceX NASA Commercial Crew Program. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 89648

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration‎

‎Ares I -X Development Flight Test Logo Sticker‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2008. Presumed First Edition First printing this. Single sticker sheet printed on both sides peal line is about at the diameter line. Very good. The format is a circle with a 4 inch diameter. Sticker seam at the back is at the mid-point. Rare surviving copy. One side is a version of the ARES logo originally designed by Star Trek artist Michael Okuda with 10 stars and a rocket ascending but no image of Earth in the background. The other side has the following text: NASA's Ares I-X Flight Test Vehicle NASA's first flight test of the full rocket for the agency's next-generation spacecraft and launch vehicle systems is launching in 2009. The flight test called Ares I-X will bring NASA one step closer to its exploration goals--to return to the moon for more ambitious exploration of the lunar surface ad to travel to Mars and destinations beyond." Then two links to on-line resources. Ares I-X was the first-stage prototype and design concept demonstrator of Ares I a launch system for human spaceflight developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA. Ares I-X was successfully launched on October 28 2009. The Ares I-X vehicle used in the test flight was similar in shape mass and size to the planned configuration of later Ares I vehicles but had largely dissimilar internal hardware consisting of only one powered stage. By flying the vehicle through first-stage separation the test flight also verified the performance and dynamics of the Ares I solid rocket booster in a "single stick" arrangement which is different from the solid rocket booster's then-current “double-booster†configuration alongside the external tank on the space shuttle. Ares I was the crew launch vehicle that was being developed by NASA as part of the Constellation program. The name "Ares" refers to the Greek deity Ares who is identified with the Roman god Mars. Ares I was originally known as the "Crew Launch Vehicle" CLV. NASA planned to use Ares I to launch Orion the spacecraft intended for NASA human spaceflight missions after the Space Shuttle was retired in 2011. Ares I was to complement the larger uncrewed Ares V which was the cargo launch vehicle for Constellation. NASA selected the Ares designs for their anticipated overall safety reliability and cost-effectiveness. However the Constellation program including Ares I was canceled by U.S. president Barack Obama in October 2010 with the passage of his 2010 NASA authorization bill. In September 2011 NASA detailed the Space Launch System as its new vehicle for human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. Unlike the Space Shuttle where both crew and cargo were launched simultaneously on the same rocket the plans for Project Constellation outlined having two separate launch vehicles the Ares I and the Ares V for crew and cargo respectively. Having two separate launch vehicles allows for more specialized designs for the crew and heavy cargo launch rockets. The Ares I rocket was specifically being designed to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. Orion was intended as a crew capsule similar in design to the Apollo program capsule to transport astronauts to the International Space Station the Moon and eventually Mars. Ares I might have also delivered some limited resources to orbit including supplies for the International Space Station or subsequent delivery to the planned lunar base. NASA selected Alliant Techsystems the builder of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters as the prime contractor for the Ares I first stage. NASA announced that Rocketdyne would be the main subcontractor for the J-2X rocket engine on July 16 2007. NASA selected Boeing to provide and install the avionics for the Ares I rocket on December 12 2007. On August 28 2007 NASA awarded the Ares I Upper Stage manufacturing contract to Boeing. The upper stage of Ares I was to have been built at Michoud Aerospace Factory which was used for the Space Shuttle's External Tank and the Saturn V's S-IC first stage. The Ares V formerly known as the Cargo Launch Vehicle or CaLV was the planned cargo launch component of the canceled NASA Constellation program which was to have replaced the Space Shuttle after its retirement in 2011. Ares V was also planned to carry supplies for a human presence on Mars. The Ares V was to launch the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander for NASA's return to the Moon which was planned for 2019. It would also have served as the principal launcher for missions beyond the Earth-Moon system including the program's ultimate goal a crewed mission to Mars. The uncrewed Ares V would complement the smaller and human-rated Ares I rocket for the launching of the 4–6 person Orion spacecraft. Both rockets deemed safer than the then-current Space Shuttle would have employed technologies developed for the Apollo program the Shuttle program and the Delta IV EELV program. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 88971

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration‎

‎The Ares Projects Logo Sticker‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2007. Presumed First Edition First printing this. Single sticker sheet printed on both sides peal line is about one third up from the trangle's base. Very good. Michael Okuda. The format is an equilateral triangle with each side measuring approximately 5 inches. Rare surviving copy. One side is the ARES logo designed by Star Trek artist Michael Okuda. The other side has the following text: The Ares Projects The United States is leading the next phase of human Space exploration. The journey begins with two new launch vehicles--the Ares I crew launch vehicle and the Area V cargo launch vehicle--being developed by the Ares Projects managed out of NASA'a Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville Alabama. These launch vehicles were for missions to the International Space Station the Moon and beyond. The rockets are part of NASA's Constellation fleet which includes the Orion crew exploration vehicles a lunar lander habitats rovers and scientific equipment. Space exploration propelled by the area rockets promotes leading-edge science leads to innovative technologies and products expands economic opportunities and inspires the next generation of scientists and explorers. Star Trek artist Michael Okuda designed the Ares logo which will adorn both Ares I and Ares V. The Logo's 10 stars represent 10 NASA centers that ware working on the new vehicles. A bright star representing the Ares rocket ascends above Earth's outline depicted in the background. Michael Okuda is an American graphic designer known for his work on Star Trek including designing computer user interfaces known as "okudagrams". His work for NASA's Project Constellation subsequently canceled included logos for the Ares booster the Altair lunar lander and the Orion spacecraft. Ares I was the crew launch vehicle that was being developed by NASA as part of the Constellation program. The name "Ares" refers to the Greek deity Ares who is identified with the Roman god Mars. Ares I was originally known as the "Crew Launch Vehicle" CLV. NASA planned to use Ares I to launch Orion the spacecraft intended for NASA human spaceflight missions after the Space Shuttle was retired in 2011. Ares I was to complement the larger uncrewed Ares V which was the cargo launch vehicle for Constellation. NASA selected the Ares designs for their anticipated overall safety reliability and cost-effectiveness. However the Constellation program including Ares I was canceled by U.S. president Barack Obama in October 2010 with the passage of his 2010 NASA authorization bill. In September 2011 NASA detailed the Space Launch System as its new vehicle for human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. Unlike the Space Shuttle where both crew and cargo were launched simultaneously on the same rocket the plans for Project Constellation outlined having two separate launch vehicles the Ares I and the Ares V for crew and cargo respectively. Having two separate launch vehicles allows for more specialized designs for the crew and heavy cargo launch rockets. The Ares I rocket was specifically being designed to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. Orion was intended as a crew capsule similar in design to the Apollo program capsule to transport astronauts to the International Space Station the Moon and eventually Mars. Ares I might have also delivered some limited resources to orbit including supplies for the International Space Station or subsequent delivery to the planned lunar base. NASA selected Alliant Techsystems the builder of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters as the prime contractor for the Ares I first stage. NASA announced that Rocketdyne would be the main subcontractor for the J-2X rocket engine on July 16 2007. NASA selected Boeing to provide and install the avionics for the Ares I rocket on December 12 2007. On August 28 2007 NASA awarded the Ares I Upper Stage manufacturing contract to Boeing. The upper stage of Ares I was to have been built at Michoud Aerospace Factory which was used for the Space Shuttle's External Tank and the Saturn V's S-IC first stage. The Ares V formerly known as the Cargo Launch Vehicle or CaLV was the planned cargo launch component of the canceled NASA Constellation program which was to have replaced the Space Shuttle after its retirement in 2011. Ares V was also planned to carry supplies for a human presence on Mars. The Ares V was to launch the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander for NASA's return to the Moon which was planned for 2019. It would also have served as the principal launcher for missions beyond the Earth-Moon system including the program's ultimate goal a crewed mission to Mars. The uncrewed Ares V would complement the smaller and human-rated Ares I rocket for the launching of the 4–6 person Orion spacecraft. Both rockets deemed safer than the then-current Space Shuttle would have employed technologies developed for the Apollo program the Shuttle program and the Delta IV EELV program. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86172

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration‎

‎Expedition 20 Patch Description Title from verso side; XX text on logo side‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2008. Presumed First Edition First printing thus. Single sheet sticker of mission logo patch printed on both sides. Very good. Format is a circle with a diameter of approximately 3.75 inches. Front is a colorful image of a spacecraft with a launch trajectory to a star and a large XX at the base. The top of the image has a red gray and blue arc. The text on the back reads: Expedition 20 Patch Description The Expedition 20 patch symbolized a new era in space exploration with the first six-person crew living and working onboard the International Space Station ISS and represents the significance of the ISS to the exploration goals of NASA and its international partners. The six gold start signify the men and women of the crew. The astronaut symbol extends from the base of the patch to the stat as the top to represent the international team both on the ground and on orbit that are working together to further our knowledge of living and working in space. The space station in the foreground represents where we are now and the important role it is playing toward meeting our exploration goals. The knowledge and expertise developed from these advancements will enable us to once again leave low-Earth orbit for the new challenges of establishing a permanent presence on the Moon and then on to Mars. The blue gray and red arcs represent our exploration goals as symbols of the Earth Moon and Mars. Logos of NASA ad Space Flight Awareness are present as is information on an on-line resource. Expedition 20 was the 20th long-duration flight to the International Space Station. The expedition marked the first time a six-member crew inhabited the station. Because each Soyuz-TMA spacecraft could hold only three people two separate launches were necessary: Soyuz TMA-14 launched on 26 March 2009 and Soyuz TMA-15 followed on 27 May 2009. Soyuz TMA-15 launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome at 10:34 UTC on 27 May 2009. The vehicle docked with the station on 29 May 2009 officially changing the Soyuz TMA-14 crew from Expedition 19 to Expedition 20. Gennady Padalka was the first commander of a six-member station crew and the first commander of two consecutive expeditions Expedition 19 and 20. Nicole Stott was the final expedition astronaut to be launched on the shuttle. <br /> During the expedition Koichi Wakata performed a special experiment wherein he did not change his underpants for one month in order to test a specially-designed underwear without washing or changing; he reportedly did not develop body odor due to the effects of the special garment. The station would not be permanently occupied by six crew members all year. For example when the Expedition 20 crew Roman Romanenko Frank De Winne and Bob Thirsk returned to Earth in November 2009 for a period of about two weeks only two crew members Jeff Williams and Max Surayev were aboard. This increased to five in early December when Oleg Kotov Timothy Creamer and Soichi Noguchi arrived on Soyuz TMA-17. It decreased to three when Williams and Surayev departed in March 2010 and finally returned to six in April 2010 with the arrival of Soyuz TMA-18 carrying Aleksandr Skvortsov Mikhail Korniyenko and Tracy Caldwell Dyson. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86169

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎M82: A Starburst Galaxy; STSci L-07-01 LG-2007-3-111-GSFC‎

‎Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center 2007. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 10 inches by 8 inches. The front side is a color photograph of M82: A Starburst Galaxy. The other side has three columns. The first is a text discussion of M82 which goes into the second column. At the top of the second and third columns is a color depiction of a possible scenario of an M82 near collusion scenario. The second and third columns also contain text information on Fast Facts Vocabulary and NASA contact information. Messier 82 also known as NGC 3034 Cigar Galaxy or M82 is a starburst galaxy approximately 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It is the second-largest member of the M81 Group with the D25 isophotal diameter of 12.52 kiloparsecs 40800 light-years. It is about five times more luminous than the Milky Way and its central region is about one hundred times more luminous. The starburst activity is thought to have been triggered by interaction with neighboring galaxy M81. As one of the closest starburst galaxies to Earth M82 is the prototypical example of this galaxy type. SN 2014J a type Ia supernova was discovered in the galaxy on 21 January 2014. In 2014 in studying M82 scientists discovered the brightest pulsar yet known designated M82 X-2. In November 2023 a gamma-ray burst was observed in M82 which was determined to have come from a magnetar the first such event detected outside the Milky Way and only the fourth such event ever detected. In 2005 the Hubble Space Telescope revealed 197 young massive clusters in the starburst core. The average mass of these clusters is around 200000 solar masses hence the starburst core is a very energetic and high-density environment. Throughout the galaxy's center young stars are being born 10 times faster than they are inside the entire Milky Way Galaxy. In the core of M82 the active starburst region spans a diameter of 500 pc. Four high surface brightness regions or clumps designated A C D and E are detectable in this region at visible wavelengths. These clumps correspond to known sources at X-ray infrared and radio frequencies. Consequently they are thought to be the least obscured starburst clusters from our vantage point. M82's unique bipolar outflow or 'superwind' appears to be concentrated on clumps A and C and is fueled by energy released by supernovae within the clumps which occur at a rate of about one every ten years. The Chandra X-ray Observatory detected fluctuating X-ray emissions about 600 light-years from the center of M82. Astronomers have postulated that this comes from the first known intermediate-mass black hole of roughly 200 to 5000 solar masses. M82 like most galaxies hosts a supermassive black hole at its center. This one has mass of approximately 3 × 107 solar masses as measured from stellar dynamics. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86141

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎Pillar in the Carina Nebula; LG-2009-09-127-GSFC‎

‎Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center 2009. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 10 inches by 8 inches. This can be used either as a poster or a fact sheet. The front side has a photograph of Pillar in the Carina Nebula. The other side has two columns. The first is text related to Pillar and associated vocabulary. The other has a nice Hubble image with text in a box and NASA contact information underneath. The Space Telescope Institute and the European Space Agency logos are present next to the NASA logo at the bottom right. The Carina Nebula lies within our own galaxy approximately 7500 light-years away. Near the heart of the nebula lies Eta Carinae – a system of at least two stars the largest of which Eta Car A is around 100 times as massive as the Sun and 5 million times as luminous. Stars of this size are extremely rare; our galaxy is home to hundreds of billions of stars but only tens of them are in the mass range of Eta Car A. The image above is a mosaic assembled from 48 frames taken with Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys. The Hubble exposures were taken in the light of ionized hydrogen. Color information was added using data taken through three filters at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Red corresponds to sulfur green to hydrogen and blue to oxygen emission. This view of the Carina Nebula provided astronomers the opportunity to explore the process of star birth at a new level of detail. The hurricane-strength blast of stellar winds and blistering ultraviolet radiation within the nebula is compressing the surrounding walls of cold hydrogen. This is triggering a second stage of star formation. The Carina Nebula or Eta Carinae Nebula catalogued as NGC 3372; also known as the Great Carina Nebula is a large complex area of bright and dark nebulosity in the constellation Carina located in the Carina–Sagittarius Arm of the Milky Way galaxy. The nebula is approximately 8500 light-years 2600 pc from Earth. The nebula has within its boundaries the large Carina OB1 association and several related open clusters including numerous O-type stars and several Wolf–Rayet stars. Carina OB1 encompasses the star clusters Trumpler 14 and Trumpler 16. Trumpler 14 is one of the youngest known star clusters at half a million years old and contains stars like the O2 supergiant HD 93129A. Trumpler 16 is the home of many extremely luminous stars such as WR 25 and the Eta Carinae star system. Trumpler 15 Collinder 228 Collinder 232 NGC 3324 and NGC 3293 are also considered members of the association. NGC 3293 is the oldest and furthest from Trumpler 14 indicating sequential and ongoing star formation. The nebula is one of the largest diffuse nebulae in our skies. Although it is four times as large as and even brighter than the famous Orion Nebula the Carina Nebula is much less well known due to its location in the southern sky. It was discovered by Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille in 1752 from the Cape of Good Hope.<br /> The Carina Nebula was selected as one of five cosmic objects observed by the James Webb Space Telescope as part of the release of its first official science images. A detailed image was made of an early star-forming region of NGC 3324 known as the Cosmic Cliffs. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86162

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎Globular Cluster M80; STSci L-05-04 LG-2005-9-094-GSFC‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center 2005. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 10 inches by 8 inches. This can be considered as a small poster or fact sheet. The front side is a color photograph of Globular Cluster M80. The other side has two columns. The left column is a text discussion of M80 and globular clusters in general. The right side as a color photograph of The Pleiades Star Cluster and short texts on Vocabulary and Fast Facts along with some NASA related contact information. Messier 80 also known as M80 is a globular cluster in the constellation Scorpius. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1781. With low levels of light pollution it can be viewed below the 67th parallel north with modest amateur telescopes. It has an apparent angular diameter of about 10 arcminutes. Since it is 32600 light-years 10000 pc away this translates into a true spatial diameter of about 95 light-years. It contains several hundred thousand stars and ranks among the densest globular clusters in the Milky Way. It hosts relatively many blue stragglers stars that appear to be much younger than the cluster. It is thought these have lost part of their outer layers due to close encounters with other cluster members or perhaps from collisions between stars in the dense cluster. On May 21 1860 a nova was found in M80 that delivered a magnitude of 7.0 to telescopes binoculars and astute eyes. This variable star given designation T Scorpii reached an absolute magnitude of 8.5 briefly outshining the cluster. A globular cluster is a spheroidal conglomeration of stars that is bound together by gravity with a higher concentration of stars towards its center. It can contain anywhere from tens of thousands to many millions of member stars all orbiting in a stable compact formation. Globular clusters are similar in form to dwarf spheroidal galaxies and the distinction between the two is not always clear. Their name is derived from Latin globulus small sphere. Globular clusters are occasionally known simply as "globulars". Although one globular cluster Omega Centauri was observed in antiquity and long thought to be a star recognition of the clusters' true nature came with the advent of telescopes in the 17th century. In early telescopic observations globular clusters appeared as fuzzy blobs leading French astronomer Charles Messier to include many of them in his catalog of astronomical objects that he thought could be mistaken for comets. Using larger telescopes 18th-century astronomers recognized that globular clusters are groups of many individual stars. Early in the 20th century the distribution of globular clusters in the sky was some of the first evidence that the Sun is far from the center of the Milky Way. Globular clusters are found in nearly all galaxies. In spiral galaxies like the Milky Way they are mostly found in the outer spheroidal part of the galaxy – the galactic halo. They are the largest and most massive type of star cluster tending to be older denser and composed of lower abundances of heavy elements than open clusters which are generally found in the disks of spiral galaxies. The Milky Way has more than 150 known globulars and there may be many more. Both the origin of globular clusters and their role in galactic evolution are unclear. Some are among the oldest objects in their galaxies and even the universe constraining estimates of the universe's age. Star clusters were formerly thought to consist of stars that all formed at the same time from one star-forming nebula but nearly all globular clusters contain stars that formed at different times or that have differing compositions. Some clusters may have had multiple episodes of star formation and some may be remnants of smaller galaxies captured by larger galaxies. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86143

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration‎

‎NASA Aeronautics Research Onboard; Decades of Contributions to Commercial Aviation NP-2008-10-008-HQ‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2008. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet stiff card stock printed on both sides. Very good. The format is 11 inches by 8.5 inches. Color photograph of a commercial jet airliner with various areas of technology contributions pointed out. The other side has brief text descriptions of eighteen areas of NASA's technology contributions. With more than a century of aviation research heritage NASA’s aeronautical innovators have developed technology through the years that makes air travel safer faster and more sustainable. Their contributions are so widespread that every U.S. airplane and air traffic control tower has something from NASA built right in NASA’s origins trace back to 1915 with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics which soon established its people and facilities as the world’s leading home for aviation research. Today every U.S. commercial aircraft and air traffic control facility incorporates NASA-developed technology. That heritage continues at NASA where the first “A†stands for Aeronautics and the efforts to safely and sustainably transform aviation for the 21st century are managed by the agency’s Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate ARMD. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86090

‎Federal Aviation Administration‎

‎‎‎‎979-8776653322 A book Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge FAA-H-8083-25B: Flight Training Study Guide Departament of Transporatation Paperback 2021‎

‎Independentlypublished 2021-01-01. paperback. Good. 0x0x0. Independentlypublished paperback‎

Bookseller reference : 167212

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center‎

‎Landing the Space Shuttle Orbiter; NASA Facts FS-2005-08-028-KSC‎

‎Kennedy Space Center FL: National Astronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center 2005. Presumed First Edition may be a reprint since illustrations are in black and white. Staplebound. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. 8 pages. Illustrations. Maps. Kennedy is the primary end-of-mission landing site for the shuttle orbiter. An alternate site is Edwards Air Force Base EAFB in California. The Space Shuttle Program began with landings at EAFB because the site offered more stable and predictable weather conditions and a diverse choice of concrete and spacious dry lake bed runways. But landing the orbiter at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility is preferred because it saves about five days of processing time for its next mission. A KSC landing also eliminates exposing the orbiter a national resource to the uncertainties and potential dangers of a cross-country ferry trip atop one of NASA's two modified Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. Unlike launches for which a "go" for lift off can be given within minutes of changing weather conditions during the launch window a change in the landing site must be chosen up to 90 minutes prior to landing. From 1981 through February 2003 there were 113 Shuttle missions: 61 landed at Kennedy 49 at EAFB and one at the Northrup Strip in New Mexico. The Space Shuttle Challenger on Mission STS 51-L in 1986 was destroyed in an accident shortly after liftoff . The Shuttle Columbia was destroyed over Texas in 2003 as it was making its landing approach. An array of visual aids as well as sophisticated guidance equipment at the Shuttle Landing Facility help guide the orbiter to a safe landing. The Tactical Air Navigation TACAN system on the ground provides range and bearing measurements to the orbiter when the vehicle is at an altitude of up to 145000 feet. The Microwave Scanning Beam Landing System MSBLS provides more precise guidance signals on slant range azimuth and elevation when the orbiter gets closer — up to 18000 to 20000 feet. Both TACAN and MSBLS are automatic systems that update the orbiter's onboard navigation systems. The MSBLS also provides an autoland capability that can electronically acquire and guide the orbiter to a completely "hands off " landing. So far shuttle mission commanders have taken control of the orbiter for all final approach and landing maneuvers during subsonic flight usually about 22 miles from the touchdown point. The initial landing approach at a glide slope of 20 degrees is more than six times steeper than the 3-degree slope of a typical commercial jet airliner as it approaches landing. Two series of lights help pilots determine the correct approach. The Precision Approach Path Indicator PAPI lights are an electronic visual system that shows pilots if they are on the correct outer glide slope. PAPI lights are used at airports all over the world but these have been modified for the unique configuration of the orbiter. A set of PAPI lights are at 7500 feet and another at 6500 feet to delineate an outer glide slope of between 18 and 20 degrees. The Ball-Bar Light System is a visual reference to provide inner glide slope information. The bar lights are 24 red lamps in horizontal sets of four each. They are 2200 feet from the runway threshold and 300 feet from the first nominal touchdown point. Five hundred feet closer to the runway threshold are three white lights — the ball — at a higher elevation. If the orbiter is above the glide slope of 1.5 degrees the white PAPI lights will appear to be below the bar of red lights. If the vehicle is below the glide slope white lights will appear to be above the red lights. If the red and white lights are superimposed the orbiter is on the correct glide slope. Lighted distance markers show the crew the distance remaining to the end of the runway during landing and rollout. Just before touchdown a flare or a pull-up maneuver brings the orbiter into its final landing configuration. Touchdown nominally is 2500 to 2700 feet beyond the runway threshold. For night lights the SLF has 16 powerful xenon lights each of which produces up to 1 billion candlepower 1 billion candela. Flatbed trailers hold eight lights in two groups of four at each end of the runway. To avoid blinding the crew workers only turn on the lights at the end of the runway that will be behind the orbiter at landing. National Astronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86095

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center‎

‎Atlantis OV-104; NASA Facts FS-2011-3-047-KSC‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center 2011. Presumed First Edition First printing one of multiple origins. Single sheet printed on both sides. Good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. There is an illustration of the orbiter on the booster on the front side. The other side lists the 32 completed missions and the 33rd mission targeted for June 28 2011. This is an ephemeral items and only a relatively few copies have likely survived. Space Shuttle Atlantis Orbiter Vehicle designation: OV-104 is a retired Space Shuttle orbiter vehicle which belongs to NASA the spaceflight and space exploration agency of the United States.Atlantis was manufactured by the Rockwell International company in Southern California and was delivered to the Kennedy Space Center in Eastern Florida in April 1985. Atlantis is also the fourth operational and the second-to-last Space Shuttle built. Its maiden flight was STS-51-J made from October 3 to 7 1985. <br /> Atlantis embarked on its 33rd and final mission also the final mission of a space shuttle STS-135 on July 8 2011. STS-134 by Endeavour was expected to be the final flight before STS-135 was authorized in October 2010. STS-135 took advantage of the processing for the STS-335 Launch on Need mission that would have been necessary if STS-134's crew became stranded in orbit. Atlantis landed for the final time at the Kennedy Space Center on July 21 2011. By the end of its final mission Atlantis had orbited the Earth a total of 4848 times traveling nearly 126000000 miles which is more than 525 times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.Atlantis is named after RV Atlantis a sailing ship that operated as the primary research vessel for the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution from 1930 to 1966 Space Shuttle Atlantis lifted off on its maiden voyage STS-51-J on October 3 1985. This was the second shuttle mission that was a dedicated Department of Defense mission. It flew one other mission STS-61-B the second shuttle night launch before the Challenger disaster temporarily grounded the shuttle fleet in 1986. Among the five Space Shuttles flown into space Atlantis conducted a subsequent mission in the shortest time after the previous mission turnaround time when it launched in November 1985 on STS-61-B only 50 days after its previous mission STS-51-J in October 1985. Atlantis was then used for ten flights from 1988 to 1992. Two of these deployed the planetary probes Magellan to Venus on STS-30 and Galileo to Jupiter on STS-34. With STS-30 Atlantis became the first Space Shuttle to launch an interplanetary probe. During the launch of STS-27 in 1988 a piece of insulation shed from the right solid rocket booster struck the underside of the vehicle severely damaging over 700 tiles and removing one tile altogether. The crew were instructed to use the remote manipulator system to survey the condition of the underside of the right wing ultimately finding substantial tile damage. The only images transferred to the mission control center were encrypted and of extremely poor quality. Mission control personnel deemed the damage to be "lights and shadows" and instructed the crew to proceed with the mission as usual infuriating many of the crew. Upon landing Atlantis became the single-most-damaged shuttle to successfully land. A similar situation would eventually lead to the loss of the shuttle Columbia in 2003 albeit on the more critical reinforced carbon-carbon. During STS-37 in 1991 Atlantis deployed the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. Beginning in 1995 with STS-71 Atlantis made seven straight flights to the former Russian space station Mir as part of the Shuttle-Mir program. STS-71 marked a number of firsts in human spaceflight: 100th U.S. crewed space flight; first U.S. Shuttle-Russian Space Station Mir docking and joint on-orbit operations; and first on-orbit change-out of shuttle crew. When linked Atlantis and Mir together formed the largest spacecraft in orbit at the time. Atlantis delivered several vital components for the construction of the International Space Station ISS. During the February 2001 mission STS-98 to the ISS Atlantis delivered the Destiny Module the primary operating facility for U.S. research payloads aboard the ISS. The five-hour 25-minute third spacewalk performed by astronauts Robert Curbeam and Thomas Jones during STS-98 marked NASA's 100th extra vehicular activity in space. The Quest Joint Airlock was flown and installed to the ISS by Atlantis during the mission STS-104 in July 2001. The successful installation of the airlock gave on-board space station crews the ability to stage repair and maintenance spacewalks outside the ISS using U.S. EMU or Russian Orlan space suits. On ISS assembly flight STS-122 in February 2008 Atlantis delivered the Columbus laboratory to the ISS. Columbus laboratory is the largest single contribution to the ISS made by the European Space Agency ESA. In May 2009 Atlantis flew a seven-member crew to the Hubble Space Telescope for its Servicing Mission 4 STS-125. The mission was a success with the crew completing five spacewalks totaling 37 hours to install new cameras batteries a gyroscope and other components to the telescope. The longest mission flown using Atlantis was STS-117 which lasted almost 14 days in June 2007. During STS-117 Atlantis' crew added a new starboard truss segment and solar array pair the S3/S4 truss folded the P6 array in preparation for its relocation and performed four spacewalks. During the STS-129 post-flight interview on November 16 2009 shuttle launch director Mike Leinbach said that Atlantis officially beat Space Shuttle Discovery for the record low amount of interim problem reports with a total of just 54 listed since returning from STS-125. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86099

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center‎

‎Space Shuttle Weather Launch Commit Criteria and KSC End of Mission Weather Landing Criteria; NASA Facts FS-2011-2-023-KSC‎

‎Kennedy Space Center FL: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center 2011. Presumed First Edition may be a reprint. Stapled at upper left corner. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. 6 pages. Tabular data. Basic weather launch commit criteria in part includes on the pad at liftoff Temperature. Prior to external fuel tank propellant loading tanking will not begin if: a The 24-hour average temperature has been below 41 degrees. b The temperature has fallen below 33 degrees at anytime during the previous 24 hours. After tanking begins the countdown shall not be continued nor the shuttle launched if: a The temperature exceeds 99 degrees for ore than 30 consecutive minutes. b The temperature is lower than the prescribed minimum value for longer than 30 minutes unless sun angle wind temperature and relative humidity conditions permit recovery. - For tanking fueling will not begin if the wind is observed or forecast to exceed 42 knots for the next three-hour period. - For launch the allowable peak wind speed observed at the 60-foot level of the fixed service structure depends on the wind direction and ranges from 19 to 34 knots. The end of mission landing weather forecast is prepared by the NOAA National Weather Service Spaceflight Meteorology Group in Houston for the astronauts flight director and mission management team. All criteria refer to observed and forecast weather conditions. Decision time for the deorbit burn is 70 to 90 minutes before landing. The weather criteria are as follows: - Cloud coverage of 4/8 or less below 8000 feet and a visibility of 5 miles or greater required. - The peak crosswind cannot exceed 15 knots 12 knots at night. If the mission duration is greater than 20 days the limit is 12 knots day and night. - Headwind cannot exceed 25 knots. - Tailwind cannot exceed 10 knots average 15 knots peak. - No thunderstorm lightning or precipitation activity is within 30 nautical miles of the landing site. - At least two approach paths must be free from detached non-transparent thunderstorm anvils less than three-hours old within 30 nautical miles of the runway. - Turbulence must be less than or equal to moderate intensity. - Consideration may be given for landing with a "nogo" observation and a "go" forecast if at decision time analysis clearly indicates a continuing trend of improving weather conditions and the forecast states that all weather criteria will be met at landing time. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86088

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center‎

‎Endeavour OV-105; NASA Facts FX-2011-1-017-KSC‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA 2011. Presumed First Edition First printing thus multiple originals produced. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. Two sided Fact Sheet The front side gives an overview of NASA's fifth and final space shuttle orbiter. There is a graphic of the orbiter on the booster. The back side provides information on 24 completed missions and a planned 25th targeted for 4/19/2011. Ephemeral item likely one of relatively few surviving copies. Space Shuttle Endeavour Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-105 is a now retired orbiter from NASA's Space Shuttle program and the fifth and final operational Shuttle built. It embarked on its first mission STS-49 in May 1992 and its 25th and final mission STS-134 in May 2011. STS-134 was expected to be the final mission of the Space Shuttle program but with the authorization of STS-135 by the United States Congress Atlantis became the last shuttle to fly. The United States Congress approved the construction of Endeavour in 1987 to replace the Space Shuttle Challenger which was destroyed in 1986. NASA chose on cost grounds to build much of Endeavour from spare parts rather than refitting the Space Shuttle Enterprise and used structural spares built during the construction of Discovery and Atlantis in its assembly. Following the loss of Challenger in 1986 NASA was authorized to begin the procurement process for a replacement orbiter. A major refit of the prototype orbiter Enterprise was looked at and rejected on cost grounds with instead the cache of structural spares that were produced as part of the construction of Discovery and Atlantis earmarked for assembly into the new orbiter. Assembly was completed in July 1990 and the new orbiter was rolled out in April 1991. As part of the process NASA ran a national competition for schools to name the new orbiter—the criteria included a requirement that it be named after an exploratory or research vessel with a name "easily understood in the context of space"; entries included an essay about the name the story behind it and why it was appropriate for a NASA shuttle and the project that supported the name. Amongst the entries Endeavour was suggested by one-third of the participating schools with President George H. W. Bush eventually selecting it on the advice of the NASA Administrator Richard Truly. Endeavour was delivered by Rockwell International Space Transportation Systems Division in May 1991 and first launched a year later in May 1992 on STS-49. Endeavour cost $1.7 billion to build. The orbiter is named after the British HMS Endeavour the ship which took Captain James Cook on his first voyage of discovery 1768-1771. This is why the name is spelled in the British English manner rather than the American English "Endeavor". This has caused confusion including when NASA itself misspelled a sign on the launch pad in 2007. The Space Shuttle carried a piece of the original wood from Cook's ship inside the cockpit. The name also honored Endeavour the command module of Apollo 15 which was also named for Cook's ship. On May 30 2020 Dragon 2 capsule C206 was named Endeavour during the Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission by astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken in honor of the shuttle on which both astronauts took their first flights STS-127 and STS-123 respectively. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86098

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎Robotic Refueling Mission; NASA Facts FS-2011-3-112-GSFC rev 6.25‎

‎Greenbelt MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 2011. Revised Edition presumed first printing thus. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. Single sheet printed on both sides. Illustrations color on both sides. The Robotic Refueling Mission RRM is a NASA technology demonstration mission with equipment launches in both 2011 and 2013 to increase the technological maturity of in-space rocket propellant transfer technology by testing a wide variety of potential propellant transfer hardware of both new and existing satellite designs. The first phase of the mission was successfully completed in 2013. The second phase experiments continued in 2015. The third phase ~2018 suffered a cryocooler failure in 2019 and loss of methane. The Robotic Refueling Mission was developed by the Satellite Servicing Capabilities Office at the Goddard Space Flight Center GSFC. It was planned to demonstrate the technology and tools to refuel satellites in orbit by robotic means. After the proof of concept the long-term goal of NASA is to transfer the technology to the commercial sector. NASA successfully completed the phase 1 demonstration mission in January 2013 performing a series of robotic refuelings of satellite hardware that had not been designed for refueling. An extensive series of robotically actuated propellant transfer experiments on the exposed facility platform of the International Space Station ISS were completed by the RRM equipment suite and the Canadarm/Dextre robotic arm combination. RRM is the first in-space refueling demonstration using a platform of fuel valves and spacecraft plumbing representative of most existing satellites which were not designed for refueling. Phase 2 experiments over some days were successful. February 2016 the Phase 2 experiment was deactivated and all fuel and cooling lines were turned off. On February 23 2017 The main module of the RRM experiment and the Phase 2 hardware were removed and stored in the trunk of SpaceX CRS-10 for disposal and the STP H5 experiment with Raven was activated beginning Phase 3. The Phase 3 module was delivered to the station on December 8 2018 on SpaceX CRS-16 and installed on the ELC 1 on December 19 2018. Zero boil off storage of cryogens methane was demonstrated for 4 months but following a cryocooler failure the methane was vented in April 2019. Remaining tests were deferred; these include plugging a fuel nozzle into a refuelling port. In Oct. 2020 the 2nd set of robotic tool operations for RRM3 was completed using the Dextre robot manipulators. Having completed its mission RRM3 was transferred to ELC-3 in June 2022. On October 26 2023 it was installed on an external mounting point on the Cygnus NG-19 cargo spacecraft for eventual disposal when Cygnus departed the ISS and reentered several months later. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86153

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center‎

‎Space Technology 5; NASA Facts FS-200501209190KSC‎

‎Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2005. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. Large color illustration on front. Color illustration and black and white exploded view among illustrations on back. Space Technology 5 ST5 of the NASA New Millennium program was a test of ten new technologies aboard a group of microsatellites. Developed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center the three individual small spacecraft were launched together from the belly of a Lockheed L-1011 aboard the Pegasus XL rocket on 22 March 2006. One technology involved antennas that were designed by computers using an evolutionary AI system developed at NASA Ames Research Center. The ST5 on-board flight computer the C&DH Command & Data Handling system was based on a Mongoose-V radiation-hardened microprocessor. On 30 June 2006 the satellites making up ST5 were shut down after successfully completing their technology validation mission. ST5's objective was to demonstrate and flight qualify several innovative technologies and concepts for application to future space missions. Communications Components for Small Spacecraft: The X-Band Transponder Communications System was provided by AeroAstro. The transponder system is a miniaturized digital communications transponder. It provides coherent uplink-to-downlink operation that provides a ground-to-space command capability space-to-ground telemetry capability and a radio frequency tracking capability. The X-Band weighs approximately 1/12 as much and is 1/9 the volume of communications systems used in other missions. Evolved antenna: A supercomputer using an artificial evolution algorithm designed a very tiny highly unlikely looking but highly promising communication antenna for the ST5 spacecraft. The radiator was designed by NASA Ames and the antenna itself was implemented by the Physical Science Laboratory at New Mexico State University. As a note each spacecraft has two X-band antennas: an evolved the solid black painted unit and a quadrifilar helix antenna the two-toned black and white unit. The quadrifilar helix antennas were also developed at the NMSU Physical Science Laboratory. Lithium-Ion Power System for Small Satellites: The Low-Voltage Power System uses a low-weight Li-ion battery that can store up to four times as much energy as a Ni-Cad battery charged by triple junction solar cells. The Li-Ion rechargeable battery has a longer life and exhibits no memory effect. Ultra Low-Power Demonstration: The CULPRiT is a new type of microelectronic device that allows circuits to operate at 0.5 Volts. The technology will greatly reduce power consumption while achieving a radiation tolerance of ~100 kRad total dose and latch-up immunity. Variable Emittance Coatings for Thermal Control: The Variable Emittance Coatings provided by Sensortex Inc. and the Applied Physics Laboratory APL are used for thermal control and consist of an electrically tunable coating that can change properties from absorbing heat when cool to reflecting or emitting heat when in the Sun. The Microelectromechanical System MEMS chip is part of this technology. Propulsion Systems Components:A miniature microthruster that provides fine attitude adjustments on the spacecraft. The Cold Gas Microthruster CGMT is a tiny electromechanical system designed by Marotta Scientific Controls Inc. to provide fine attitude adjustments on each of the micro-sats. It uses 1/8 the power and weighs only half as much as attitude control systems being used in other missions. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86089

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎The Hubble Space Telescope NASA photograph; LG-2009-7-126-GSFC‎

‎Greenbelt MD: National Astronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center 2009. Presumed First Edition First printing. This is one of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph or image of The Hubble Space Telescope orbiting over the curvature of the Earth. The other side is in a two-column format with half of the right column as captioned diagram of the Space Telescope. The text addresses An "Eye" on the Universe How the Telescope Works The Telescope's Name Vocabulary Fast Facts and Instruments. The Hubble Space Telescope often referred to as HST or Hubble is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope but it is one of the largest and most versatile renowned as a vital research tool and as a public relations boon for astronomy. The Hubble telescope is named after astronomer Edwin Hubble and is one of NASA's Great Observatories. The Space Telescope Science Institute STScI selects Hubble's targets and processes the resulting data while the Goddard Space Flight Center GSFC controls the spacecraft. Hubble features a 7 ft 10 inch mirror and its five main instruments observe in the ultraviolet visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Hubble's orbit outside the distortion of Earth's atmosphere allows it to capture extremely high-resolution images with substantially lower background light than ground-based telescopes. It has recorded some of the most detailed visible light images allowing a deep view into space. Many Hubble observations have led to breakthroughs in astrophysics such as determining the rate of expansion of the universe. Space telescopes were proposed as early as 1923 and the Hubble telescope was funded and built in the 1970s by the United States space agency NASA with contributions from the European Space Agency. Its intended launch was in 1983 but the project was beset by technical delays budget problems and the 1986 Challenger disaster. Hubble was finally launched in 1990 but its main mirror had been ground incorrectly resulting in spherical aberration that compromised the telescope's capabilities. The optics were corrected to their intended quality by a servicing mission in 1993. Hubble is the only telescope designed to be maintained in space by astronauts. Five Space Shuttle missions have repaired upgraded and replaced systems on the telescope including all five of the main instruments. The fifth mission was initially canceled on safety grounds following the Columbia disaster 2003 but after NASA administrator Michael D. Griffin approved it the servicing mission was completed in 2009. Hubble completed 30 years of operation in April 2020 and is predicted to last until 2030-2040. Hubble is the visible light telescope in NASA's Great Observatories program; other parts of the spectrum are covered by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Spitzer Space Telescope which covers the infrared bands. The mid-IR-to-visible band successor to the Hubble telescope is the James Webb Space Telescope JWST which was launched on December 25 2021 with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope due to follow in 2027. National Astronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86146

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎M104: The Sombrero Galaxy NASA photograph; LG-2004-6-084-GSFC‎

‎Goddard Space Flight Center: National Astronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center 2004. Presumed First Edition First printing this is one of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the Sombrero Galaxy. The other side is in a two-column format. There are several images of the galaxy on the left side. NASA and the Hubble Heritage Team STScl/AURA is credited for this imagery. The text on the back side includes "Hats Off" to the Sombrero Galaxy Vocabulary Fast Facts and Looks are Deceiving. This galaxy's most striking feature is the dust lane that crosses in front of the bulge of the galaxy. This dust lane is actually a symmetrical ring that encloses the bulge of the galaxy. Most of the cold atomic hydrogen gas and the dust lie within this ring. The ring might also contain most of the Sombrero Galaxy's cold molecular gas although this is an inference based on observations with low resolution and weak detections. Additional observations are needed to confirm that the Sombrero galaxy's molecular gas is constrained to the ring. Based on infrared spectroscopy the dust ring is the primary site of star formation within this galaxy. The Sombrero Galaxy also known as Messier Object 104 M104 or NGC 4594 is a peculiar galaxy of unclear classification in the constellation borders of Virgo and Corvus being about 9.55 megaparsecs 31.1 million light-years from the Milky Way galaxy. It is a member of the Virgo II Groups a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster. It has an isophotal diameter of approximately 29.09 to 32.32 kiloparsecs 94900 to 105000 light-years making it slightly bigger in size than the Milky Way. It has a bright nucleus an unusually large central bulge and a prominent dust lane in its outer disk which is viewed almost edge-on. The dark dust lane and the bulge give it the appearance of a sombrero hat thus the name. Astronomers initially thought the halo was small and light indicative of a spiral galaxy; but the Spitzer Space Telescope found that the dust ring was larger and more massive than previously thought indicative of a giant elliptical galaxy. The galaxy has an apparent magnitude of 8.0 making it easily visible with amateur telescopes and is considered by some authors to be the galaxy with the highest absolute magnitude within a radius of 10 megaparsecs of the Milky Way. Its large bulge central supermassive black hole and dust lane all attract the attention of professional astronomers. The Sombrero Galaxy was discovered on May 11 1781 by Pierre Méchain who described the object in a May 1783 letter to J. Bernoulli that was later published in the Berliner Astronomisches Jahrbuch. Charles Messier made a handwritten note about this and five other objects now collectively recognized as M104 - M109 to his personal list of objects now known as the Messier Catalogue but it was not "officially" included until 1921. William Herschel independently discovered the object in 1784 and additionally noted the presence of a "dark stratum" in the galaxy's disc what is now called a dust lane Later astronomers were able to connect Méchain's and Herschel's observations. In 1921 Camille Flammarion found Messier's personal list of the Messier objects including the hand-written notes about the Sombrero Galaxy. This was identified with object 4594 in the New General Catalogue and Flammarion declared that it should be included in the Messier Catalogue. Since this time the Sombrero Galaxy has been known as M104. National Astronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86152

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration‎

‎Astronaut Young Salutes Flag At Apollo 16 Descartes Landing Site. NASA Photograph; 799-250/7 MSCL--85‎

‎Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1972. Presumed First Edition First printing. This is one of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. Charles M. Duke Jr. Photographer. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of Astronaut John W. Young Commander of the Apollo 16 lunar landing mission saluting the U.S. flat as the Descartes landing site. At the center of the image is the American Flag fully unfurled and the space suited Astronaut with his right arm raised in salute. The Lunar Landing Module is behind the flag on the left side of the image as is the Lunar Roving Vehicle. In the background behind the flag and Astronaut Young is the Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph. There is a lengthy caption on the back which reads APOLLO 16 EVA PHOTOGRAPH--Astronaut John W. Young commander of the Apollo 16 lunar landing mission leaps from the lunar surface as he salutes the U.S. flag at the Descartes landing site during the first Apollo 16 extravehicular activity EVA-1. Astronaut Charles M. Duke Jr. lunar module pilot took this picture. The Lunar Module "Orion" is on the left. The Lunar Roving Vehicle is parked besides the LM. The object behind Young in the shade of the LM is the Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph. Stone Mountain dominates the background in this lunar scene. Apollo 16 April 16-27 1972 was the tenth crewed mission in the United States Apollo space program administered by NASA and the fifth and penultimate to land on the Moon. It was the second of Apollo's "J missions" with an extended stay on the lunar surface a focus on science and the use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle LRV. The landing and exploration were in the Descartes Highlands a site chosen because some scientists expected it to be an area formed by volcanic action though this proved not to be the case. The mission was crewed by Commander John Young Lunar Module Pilot Charles Duke and Command Module Pilot Ken Mattingly. Launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on April 16 1972 Apollo 16 experienced a number of minor glitches en route to the Moon. These culminated with a problem with the spacecraft's main engine that resulted in a six-hour delay in the Moon landing as NASA managers contemplated having the astronauts abort the mission and return to Earth before deciding the problem could be overcome. Although they permitted the lunar landing NASA had the astronauts return from the mission one day earlier than planned. After flying the Lunar Module to the Moon's surface on April 21 Young and Duke spent 71 hours—just under three days—on the lunar surface during which they conducted three extravehicular activities or moonwalks totaling 20 hours and 14 minutes. The pair drove the lunar rover the second used on the Moon for 16.6 miles. On the surface Young and Duke collected 211 lbs of lunar samples for return to Earth including Big Muley the largest Moon rock collected during the Apollo missions. During this time Mattingly orbited the Moon in the command and service module CSM taking photos and operating scientific instruments. Mattingly in the command module spent 126 hours and 64 revolutions in lunar orbit. After Young and Duke rejoined Mattingly in lunar orbit the crew released a subsatellite from the service module SM. During the return trip to Earth Mattingly performed a one-hour spacewalk to retrieve several film cassettes from the exterior of the service module. Apollo 16 returned safely to Earth on April 27 1972. John Watts Young September 24 1930 - January 5 2018 was an American astronaut naval officer and aviator test pilot and aeronautical engineer. He became the 9th person to walk on the Moon as commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. He is the only astronaut to fly on four different classes of spacecraft: Gemini the Apollo command and service module the Apollo Lunar Module and the Space Shuttle. Before becoming an astronaut Young received his Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and joined the U.S. Navy. After serving during the Korean War he became a naval aviator and graduated from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School. As a test pilot he set several world time-to-climb records. Young retired from the Navy in 1976 with the rank of captain. In 1962 Young was selected as a member of NASA Astronaut Group 2. He flew on the first crewed Gemini mission Gemini 3 in 1965 and then commanded the 1966 Gemini 10 mission. In 1969 he flew as command module pilot on Apollo 10 and became the first person to orbit the Moon alone. In 1972 he commanded Apollo 16 and spent three days on the lunar surface exploring the Descartes Highlands with Charles Duke. Young also commanded STS-1 in 1981 the Space Shuttle program's first launch and STS-9 in 1983 both of which were on Columbia. Young served as Chief of the Astronaut Office from 1974 to 1987 and retired from NASA in 2004 after 42 years of service. U.S. Government Printing Office unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86155

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Jet Propulsion Laboratory‎

‎Asteroids NASA Photograph; LG-2002-12-579-HQ - JPL 400=1253I 12/05‎

‎Washington DC/Pasadena CA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2005. Presumed First Edition First printing. One of multiple originals produced. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large photograph of an asteroid and on the right four smaller asteroid images. The back had text in a three-column format with tabular data covering two-columns at the bottom center and right. Asteroids are classified by their characteristic emission spectra with the majority falling into three main groups: C-type M-type and S-type. These describe carbonaceous carbon-rich metallic and silicaceous stony compositions respectively. The physical composition of asteroids is varied and in most cases poorly understood. Ceres appears to be composed of a rocky core covered by an icy mantle; Vesta is thought to have a nickel-iron core olivine mantle and basaltic crust. Thought to be the largest undifferentiated asteroid 10 Hygiea seems to have a uniformly primitive composition of carbonaceous chondrite but it may actually be a differentiated asteroid that was globally disrupted by an impact and then reassembled. Other asteroids appear to be the remnant cores or mantles of proto-planets high in rock and metal. Most small asteroids are believed to be piles of rubble held together loosely by gravity although the largest are probably solid. Some asteroids have moons or are co-orbiting binaries: rubble piles moons binaries and scattered asteroid families are thought to be the results of collisions that disrupted a parent asteroid or possibly a planet. An asteroid is a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor an identified comet— that orbits within the inner Solar System. They are rocky metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere classified as C-type carbonaceous M-type metallic or S-type silicaceous. The size and shape of asteroids vary significantly ranging from small rubble piles under a kilometer across and larger than meteoroids to Ceres a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter. A body is classified as a comet not an asteroid if it shows a coma tail when warmed by solar radiation although recent observations suggest a continuum between these types of bodies. Of the roughly one million known asteroids the greatest number are located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter approximately 2 to 4 AU from the Sun in a region known as the main asteroid belt. The total mass of all the asteroids combined is only 3% that of Earth's Moon. The majority of main belt asteroids follow slightly elliptical stable orbits revolving in the same direction as the Earth and taking from three to six years to complete a full circuit of the Sun. Asteroids have historically been observed from Earth. The first close-up observation of an asteroid was made by the Galileo spacecraft. Several dedicated missions to asteroids were subsequently launched by NASA and JAXA with plans for other missions in progress. NASA's NEAR Shoemaker studied Eros and Dawn observed Vesta and Ceres. JAXA's missions Hayabusa and Hayabusa2 studied and returned samples of Itokawa and Ryugu respectively. OSIRIS-REx studied Bennu collecting a sample in 2020 which was delivered back to Earth in 2023. NASA's Lucy launched in 2021 is tasked with studying ten different asteroids two from the main belt and eight Jupiter trojans. Psyche launched October 2023 aims to study the metallic asteroid Psyche.<br /> Near-Earth asteroids can threaten all life on the planet as in the impact which may have inflicted the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. As an experiment to meet this danger in September 2022 the Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft successfully altered the orbit of the non-threatening asteroid Dimorphos by crashing into it. In 2006 the International Astronomical Union IAU introduced the currently preferred broad term small Solar System body defined as an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet a dwarf planet nor a natural satellite; this includes asteroids comets and more recently discovered classes. According to IAU "the term 'minor planet' may still be used but generally 'Small Solar System Body' will be preferred." Thus this 2005 issuance may be one of the last official NASA publications to use the not 'abandoned' or at least not preferred terms of "minor planet" or "asteroid" National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Jet Propulsion Laboratory unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86158

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration‎

‎Space Shuttle Main Engine SSME Test NASA Photograph; HQL-219‎

‎Washington DC: National Astronautics and Space Administration c1988. Presumed First Edition First printing. This is one of the multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with imagery on the front and printing on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the Space Shuttle Main Engine SSME Test. The other side has a brief discussion of the main engine during a full-mission duration static test. The image is undated but from the text on the back this image is believed to be circa 1988. During the course of the Space Shuttle program a total of 46 RS-25 engines were used with one extra RS-25D being built but never used. During the 135 missions for a total of 405 individual engine-missions Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne reports a 99.95% reliability rate with the only in-flight SSME failure occurring during Space Shuttle Challenger's STS-51-F mission. The RS-25 also known as the Space Shuttle Main Engine SSME is a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine that was used on NASA's Space Shuttle and is used on the Space Launch System SLS. Designed and manufactured in the United States by Rocketdyne later Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne and Aerojet Rocketdyne the RS-25 burns cryogenic very low temperature liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants with each engine producing 418000 lbf thrust at liftoff. Although RS-25 heritage traces back to the 1960s its concerted development began in the 1970s with the first flight STS-1 on April 12 1981. The RS-25 has undergone upgrades over its operational history to improve the engine's reliability safety and maintenance load. The engine produces a specific impulse Isp of 452 seconds in vacuum or 366 seconds at sea level has a mass of approximately 7700 pounds and is capable of throttling between 67% and 109% of its rated power level in one-percent increments. Components of the RS-25 operate at temperatures ranging from 400 to 6000 °F. The Space Shuttle used a cluster of three RS-25 engines mounted at the stern of the orbiter with fuel drawn from the external tank. The engines were used for propulsion throughout the spacecraft ascent with total thrust increased by two solid rocket boosters and the orbiter's two AJ10 orbital maneuvering system engines. Following each flight the RS-25 engines were removed from the orbiter inspected refurbished and then reused on another mission. Four RS-25 engines are installed on each Space Launch System housed in the engine section at the base of the core stage and expended after use. National Astronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86154

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory‎

‎Earth's Moon NASA Poster; LG-2005-12-566-HQ -- JPL 400-1253G‎

‎Washington DC Pasadena CA: National Astronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2005. Presumed First Edition First printing This is one of multiple originals issued. Poster. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of Earth's moon on the left side and a series of smaller photographs/images on the right including Astronauts on the Moon footprint on the moon Craters and a view of Earth from the Moon. The text on the reverse side has general descriptive narrative Fast Facts Significant Dates and information about the images on the front. The Earth and the Moon form the Earth-Moon satellite system with a shared center of mass or barycenter. This barycenter is 1100 miles about a quarter of Earth's radius beneath the Earth's surface. The Moon's orbit is slightly elliptical with an orbital eccentricity of 0.055. The semi-major axis of the geocentric lunar orbit called the lunar distance is approximately 250000 miles or 1.28 light-seconds comparable to going around Earth 9.5 times. The Moon makes a complete orbit around Earth with respect to the fixed stars its sidereal period about once every 27.3 days. Due to tidal locking the Moon has a 1:1 spin-orbit resonance. This rotation-orbit ratio makes the Moon's orbital periods around Earth equal to its corresponding rotation periods. This is the reason for only one side of the Moon its so-called near side being visible from Earth. The plane of the Moon's orbit gradually rotates once every 18.61 years which affects other aspects of lunar motion. These follow-on effects are mathematically described by Cassini's laws. The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It orbits at an average distance of 238900 miles about 30 times the diameter of Earth. Tidal forces between Earth and the Moon have over time synchronized the Moon's orbital period lunar month with its rotation period lunar day at 29.5 Earth days causing the same side of the Moon to always face Earth. The Moon's gravitational pull - and to a lesser extent the Sun's - are the main drivers of Earth's tides. In geophysical terms the Moon is a planetary-mass object or satellite planet. Its mass is 1.2% that of the Earth and its diameter is 2159 miles roughly one-quarter of Earth's about as wide as Australia. Within the Solar System it is the largest and most massive satellite in relation to its parent planet the fifth largest and most massive moon overall and larger and more massive than all known dwarf planets. Its surface gravity is about one sixth of Earth's about half of that of Mars and the second highest among all Solar System moons after Jupiter's moon Io. The body of the Moon is differentiated and terrestrial with no significant hydrosphere atmosphere or magnetic field. It formed 4.51 billion years ago not long after Earth's formation out of the debris from a giant impact between Earth and a hypothesized Mars-sized body called Theia. The lunar surface is covered in lunar dust and marked by mountains impact craters their ejecta ray-like streaks and mostly on the near side of the Moon by dark maria "seas" which are plains of cooled magma. These maria were formed when molten lava flowed into ancient impact basins. The Moon is except when passing through Earth's shadow during a lunar eclipse always illuminated by the Sun but from Earth the visible illumination shifts during its orbit producing the lunar phases. The Moon is the brightest celestial object in Earth's night sky. This is mainly due to its large angular diameter while the reflectance of the lunar surface is comparable to that of asphalt. The apparent size is nearly the same as that of the Sun allowing it to cover the Sun completely during a total solar eclipse. From Earth about 59% of the lunar surface is visible over time due to cyclical shifts in perspective libration making parts of the far side of the Moon visible. The Moon has been an important source of inspiration and knowledge for humans having been crucial to cosmography mythology religion art time keeping natural science and spaceflight. In 1959 the first human-made objects to leave Earth and reach another body arrived at the Moon with the flyby of the Soviet Union's Luna 1 and the intentional impact of Luna 2. In 1966 the Moon became the first extraterrestrial body where soft landings and orbital insertions were achieved. On July 20 1969 humans for the first time landed on the Moon and any extraterrestrial body at Mare Tranquillitatis with the lander Eagle of the United States' Apollo 11 mission. Five more crews were sent between then and 1972 each with two men landing on the surface. The longest stay was 75 hours by the Apollo 17 crew. Since then exploration of the Moon has continued robotically and crewed missions are being planned to return beginning in the late 2020s. National Astronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86149

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration‎

‎International Space Station NASA photograph; LG-2003-07-559-HQ‎

‎Washington DC: National Astronautics and Space Administration 2003. Presumed First Edition First printing. One of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the International Space Station above the Earth wish sun gleaming off two of its solar panels. The other side is in a two column format with text on Why Have an International Space Station and Key NASA Web Sites. The graphic of the International Space Station has a number of specific features labeled. The ISS was originally intended to be a laboratory observatory and factory while providing transportation maintenance and a low Earth orbit staging base for possible future missions to the Moon Mars and asteroids. However not all of the uses envisioned in the initial memorandum of understanding between NASA and Roscosmos have been realized. In the 2010 United States National Space Policy the ISS was given additional roles of serving commercial diplomatic and educational purposes. The International Space Station ISS is a large space station assembled and maintained in low Earth orbit by a collaboration of five space agencies and their contractors: NASA United States Roscosmos Russia JAXA Japan ESA Europe and CSA Canada. The ISS is the largest space station ever built. Its primary purpose is to perform microgravity and space environment experiments. Operationally the station is divided into two sections: the Russian Orbital Segment ROS assembled by Roscosmos and the US Orbital Segment USOS assembled by NASA JAXA ESA and CSA. A striking feature of the ISS is the Integrated Truss Structure which connects the large solar panels and radiators to the pressurized modules. The pressurized modules are specialized for research habitation storage spacecraft control and airlock functions. Visiting spacecraft dock at the station via its eight docking and berthing ports. The ISS maintains an orbit with an average altitude of 250 miles and circles the Earth in roughly 93 minutes completing 15.5 orbits per day. The ISS program combines two prior plans to construct crewed Earth-orbiting stations: Space Station Freedom planned by the United States and the Mir-2 station planned by the Soviet Union. The first ISS module was launched in 1998. Major modules have been launched by Proton and Soyuz rockets and by the Space Shuttle launch system. The first long-term residents Expedition 1 arrived on November 2 2000. Since then the station has been continuously occupied the longest continuous human presence in space. As of March 2024 279 individuals from 22 countries have visited the space station. The ISS is expected to have additional modules the Axiom Orbital Segment for example and will be in service until the end of 2030 after which it will be de-orbited by a dedicated NASA spacecraft. National Astronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86157

‎National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center‎

‎Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope GLAST NASA photograph; LG-2008-3-119-GSFC‎

‎Greenbelt MD/Rohnert Park CA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center/Sonoma State University 2008. Presumed First Edition First printing one of multiple originals published. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope GLAST. The other side has text largely in a three column format with a two-column illustration of Pulsar Activity at the bottom center and right column. The text addresses GLAST Mission Science The Main Mission Objectives and GLAST Instrumentation and Spacecraft. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope FGST also FGRST formerly called the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope GLAST is a space observatory being used to perform gamma-ray astronomy observations from low Earth orbit. Its main instrument is the Large Area Telescope LAT with which astronomers mostly intend to perform an all-sky survey studying astrophysical and cosmological phenomena such as active galactic nuclei pulsars other high-energy sources and dark matter. Another instrument aboard Fermi the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor GBM; formerly GLAST Burst Monitor is being used to study gamma-ray bursts and solar flares. Fermi named for high-energy physics pioneer Enrico Fermi was launched on 11 June 2008 at 16:05 UTC aboard a Delta II 7920-H rocket. The mission is a joint venture of NASA the United States Department of Energy and government agencies in France Germany Italy Japan and Sweden becoming the most sensitive gamma-ray telescope on orbit succeeding INTEGRAL. The project is a recognized CERN experiment RE7. Fermi includes two scientific instruments the Large Area Telescope LAT and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor GBM. The LAT is an imaging gamma-ray detector a pair-conversion instrument which detects photons with energy from about 20 million to about 300 billion electronvolts 20 MeV to 300 GeV with a field of view of about 20% of the sky; it may be thought of as a sequel to the EGRET instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. The GBM consists of 14 scintillation detectors twelve sodium iodide crystals for the 8 keV to 1 MeV range and two bismuth germanate crystals with sensitivity from 150 keV to 30 MeV and can detect gamma-ray bursts in that energy range across the whole of the sky not occluded by the Earth. General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems formerly Spectrum Astro and now Orbital Sciences in Gilbert Arizona designed and built the spacecraft that carries the instruments. It travels in a low circular orbit with a period of about 95 minutes. Its normal mode of operation maintains its orientation so that the instruments will look away from the Earth with a "rocking" motion to equalize the coverage of the sky. The view of the instruments will sweep out across most of the sky about 16 times per day. The spacecraft can also maintain an orientation that points to a chosen target. Both science instruments underwent environmental testing including vibration vacuum and high and low temperatures to ensure that they can withstand the stresses of launch and continue to operate in space. They were integrated with the spacecraft at the General Dynamics ASCENT facility in Gilbert Arizona. NOTE: On 30 April 2013 NASA revealed that the telescope had narrowly avoided a collision a year earlier with a defunct Cold War-era Soviet spy satellite Kosmos 1805 in April 2012. Orbital predictions several days earlier indicated that the two satellites were expected to occupy the same point in space within 30 milliseconds of each other. On 3 April telescope operators decided to stow the satellite's high-gain parabolic antenna rotate the solar panels out of the way and to fire Fermi's rocket thrusters for one second to move it out of the way. Even though the thrusters had been idle since the telescope had been placed in orbit nearly five years earlier they worked correctly and potential disaster was thus avoided. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center/Sonoma State University unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86159

‎National Astronautics and Space Administration‎

‎Space Shuttle Spinoffs NASA Poster; NP-2009-04-575-HQ‎

‎Washington DC: National Astronautics and Space Administration 2009. Presumed First Edition First printing. This is one of multiple originals issued. Poster. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the space shuttle central fuel tank and solid rocket boosters on a launch pad at night. On the reverse there are 10 vignettes with images and texts discussing the following spinoffs Artificial Heart Rescue Tool Life-Saving Light Automotive Insulation Land Mine Removal Device Green Lubricants Firefighting Infrared Cameras Home Insulation Prosthesis Material and Video Stabilization Software. After years of development and decades of flying the now-cancelled space shuttle program has left more to future generations than pieces for museums and fond memories of exploration. Its legacy lives on in an artificial heart device NASCAR racing cars and rescue tools used to reach car accident victims. The entire array of NASA technology spinoffs could even be greater than the number of spinoffs from the Apollo moon missions. Whether or not the space shuttle program was worth its $209 billion price tag remains a separate debate for human spaceflight advocates and critics. But NASA's official count of tech spinoffs that went on to become commercial products suggests that many people on Earth have seen benefits from the shuttle's human spaceflight program. "People always think of NASA's heyday as the Apollo era but the shuttle has produced about 50 percent more spinoffs than the Apollo era" said Daniel Lockney technology transfer program executive at NASA headquarters in Washington D.C. The shuttle spawned roughly 120 commercialized spinoffs versus about 80 for the Apollo program Lockney said. That's in part because the shuttle program ran for three decades as opposed to Apollo's one decade but also because NASA created a more formalized system for spinning off innovations after the Apollo era. One case emerged just as NASA was designing the space shuttle during the energy crisis of the 1970s. Per government request the space agency tried redesigning boxy semi-trailer trucks to become more aerodynamic so that they could save on fuel. Shortly after NASA showed off its prototype design the trucking industry chose to debut its own sleeker designs. "If you ask the trucking industry if it took these designs from NASA you'll categorically get a no" Lockney said. "But a year or two after NASA's tour you see a sea change in the industry." More recently NASA supercomputers that had simulated fluid flow in shuttle rocket engines helped model the flow of blood in a tiny battery-powered heart pump just 2 inches long and 1 inch wide. The resulting changes led to the MicroMed DeBakey VAD device that keeps blood pumping through the hearts of ill patients awaiting heart transplants. Leftover rocket fuel from the space shuttle launches has gone into flare devices that disable or destroy land mines. And material that protects the space shuttle from the fierce heat of re-entry has helped protect NASCAR drivers from the engine heat of their racing cars. Even the explosive devices that separate the shuttle from its rocket boosters have become miniaturized for use in a more lightweight "Jaws of Life" device a tool that rescue squads use to cut into car wrecks and reach accident victims. "It's important to recognize that these aren't the primary missions of NASA" Lockney said. "If you wanted to create a heart pump building a rocket that will launch it into space wouldn't be the practical way to go about it." National Astronautics and Space Administration unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 86150

‎National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Programs‎

‎Test Readiness 9/22/03; Unclassified‎

‎Washington DC: National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Defense Programs 2003. Presumed a unique copy. Unknown if other copies were made. CD is in a paper envelope with a clear plastic face. Good. This disc is marked UNCLASSIFIED and there are no dissemination limitation markings on the three text files contained therein. These files are Implementation Plan FY 2004 Rev. 1 9 pages Management Plan Rev 9 pages and Program Plan Version 4 37 pages includes some strike-out passages. Underground tests conducted by the Soviet Union continued until 1990 the United Kingdom until 1991 the United States until 1992 and both China and France until 1996. In signing the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty in 1996 these countries pledged to discontinue all nuclear testing; the treaty has not yet entered into force because of its failure to be ratified by eight countries. Non-signatories India and Pakistan last tested nuclear weapons in 1998. North Korea conducted nuclear tests in 2006 2009 2013 2016 and 2017. The most recent confirmed nuclear test occurred in September 2017 in North Korea. The 2022 NPR says that the United States continues to observe a moratorium on nuclear explosive testing. NNSA conducts subcritical i.e. those that do not produce a nuclear yield experiments and uses other tools to maintain stockpile reliability. The 2018 NPR stated that "the United States will not resume nuclear explosive testing unless necessary to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear arsenal." The 2022 NPR notes that the United States "maintains a nuclear explosive test readiness program in the event it is required to resolve technical uncertainties" but "does not envision or desire a return to nuclear testing." Underground nuclear testing is the test detonation of nuclear weapons that is performed underground. When the device being tested is buried at sufficient depth the nuclear explosion may be contained with no release of radioactive materials to the atmosphere. <br /> The extreme heat and pressure of an underground nuclear explosion causes changes in the surrounding rock. The rock closest to the location of the test is vaporized forming a cavity. Farther away there are zones of crushed cracked and irreversibly strained rock. Following the explosion the rock above the cavity may collapse forming a rubble chimney. If this chimney reaches the surface a bowl-shaped subsidence crater may form. The first underground test took place in 1951. Further tests soon led scientists to conclude that even notwithstanding environmental and diplomatic considerations underground testing was of far greater scientific value than all other forms of testing. This understanding strongly influenced the governments of the first three nuclear powers to sign of the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963 which banned all nuclear tests except for those performed underground. From then until the signing of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty in 1996 most nuclear tests were performed underground which prevented additional nuclear fallout from entering into the atmosphere. National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Programs unknown‎

Bookseller reference : 88243