‎Thé‎

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - ON THE PRINCIPLE OF LEAST ACTION.‎

‎Réfléxions sur quelques Loix génerales de la Nature qui s'observent dans les Effets des Forces quelconques. (Reflection on some general laws of nature which are observed in the effects of random forces).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1750). 4to. No wrappers as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"" Tome IV, Année 1748. Pp. (189-) 218 and 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First appearance of this paper, in which Euler proves that given the static principle, he can derive the equilibrium conditions for a fluid, and from these, he obtains the integrability conditions for a ""Pfaffian"" form in three variables. He also looks at the equilibrium of a weight suspended from three elastic cords by looking, via analogy, to a special case of the problem for fluids.""In his 1748 paper, Euler in ""Reflexions sur quelques loix generales de la nature.."" starts by declaring his commitment to the least-action principle. His expression corresponds to what we would now call potential energy, so that his statement of least action (formulated by Maupertuis in 1746) in statics is equivalent to the principle that a system of bodies at rest will adopt a configuration that minimizes total potential energy. Euler called this quantity ""effort"".""Enestrom: E 146.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45871

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF ALGEBRA.‎

‎Sur le Point de Rebroussement de la seconde Espece de mr. le Marquis de l'Hopital. (On the nispidal points of the second kind of Mons. le Marquis de l'Hopital). (+) Recherches sur les Racines Imaginaires des Equations. (Research on imaginary roots o...‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1770). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", Tome V, pp. 203-221, 1 plate and pp. 222-288, 1 engraved plate.‎

‎Both papers first edition. The first paper is Euler's discussion of ""Cramers Paradox"" and it contains his inventions of 2 kinds of curves, ""Cusps of first kind"" or keratoid cusp and ""Cups of second kind"" or ramphoid cusp. - Enestroem E 169.The second paper contains Euler's famous proof of ""The fundamental Theorem of Algebra"". - Enestroem E 170.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 41596

‎"Excelsior"‎

‎A Practical Treatise on the Balance Spring, Including Making, Fitting, Adjusting to Isochronism and Positions, and Rating; Also The Adjustment for Heat and Cold *FIRST EDITION*‎

‎144 pages plus adverts at back. Contents include: On Making Hair-Springs; On Fitting Hair-Springs; The Adjustment to Positions; The Adjustment to Isochronism; Regulating, or Rating; The Adjustment for Heat and Cold. Hinges intact. Above-average but not excessive wear. Silver lettering on backstrip still legible. Small chips from each end of backstrip. Blind-stamped boards. Unmarked. Book‎

‎"EÖTVÖS, ROLAND v. (LORÁND). - ESTABLISHING THE PROPORTIONALLITY BETWEEN GRAVITATIONAL AND INERTIAL MASS.‎

‎Untersuchungen über Gravitation und Erdmagnetismus.‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1896). Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 59, Zehntes (No 10 1896). Entire issue offered. Pp. 193-416 a. 1 folded plate. Eötvös's paper: pp. 354-400 a. 15 large textillustrations, depicting his experimental apparatus. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of Eötvös's main paper on gravitational phenomena, which became the subject of his lifework, and in which he showed experimentally, that the inertial mass and the gravitational mass are proportional, a discovery that became ONE OF THE BUILDING STONES OF THE THEORY OF GENERAL RELATIVITY.""The second extremely important application of the Eötvös balance involved a predetermination of the rate of gravitational acceleration for different bodies. It had been known from earlier work that all bodies fall with the same acceleration (in a vacuum), but the best previous determinations yielded only a limited accuracy. In response to a prize announcement by the University of Gottingen, Eötvös and his collaborators followed up his early measurements on this subject. The new measurements provided not merely a more accurate proof of a principle believed right until then, but much more: his results, proving that gravitational mass and inertial mass are equivalent, the possible deviation being about five parts in 109, became one of the building stones of the theory of general relativity. The experiment proves the “weak” form of the principle of equivalence, which states that the trajectory of a test particle, under the influence of gravitational fields only, depends only on its initial position and velocity, not on its mass and nature. Later confirmation of his results (during the last fifty years) reduced the possible deviation from perfect equivalence by a factor of 1,000."" (DSB, IV, 379 ff.).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43815

‎"FARADAY, (MICHAEL). - ON THE DISCOVERY OF ELECTOMAGNETIC INDUCTION.‎

‎(Lettré) A M. Gay-Lussac. Institution royale, Ier décembre 1832. (The letter ""On Magneto-electric Induction"").‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1832). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 2e Series, vol. 51, Cahier 4. Pp. 337-444 (Entire issue offered). Faraday's letter: pp. 404-434 a. 1 engraved plate. Some brownspots.‎

‎First printing of Faraday's famous letter to Gay-Lussac in which he claim to be the discoverer of electro-magnetic induction, analysed the results of the Italian philosophers, pointing out their errors, and defending himself from what he regarded as imputations on his character. The style of this letter is unexceptionable, for Faraday could not write otherwise than as a gentleman"" but the letter shows that had he willed it he could have hit hard. The letter was later translated into English and published in ""Philosophical Magazine"" in 1840 under the title ""On Magneto-electric Induction"".""In 1831, seemingly out of nowhere, came the discovery of electromagnetic induction and the beginning of the experimental researches in electricity which were to lead Faraday to the discovery of the laws of electrochemistry, specific inductive capacity, the Faraday effect, and the foundations of classical field theory."" (DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48329

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - FARADAY'S DOCTRINE OF THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.‎

‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. - Sixteenth Series. 24. On the source of power in the voltaic pile. i. Exiting electrolytes, &c. being conductors of thermo and feeble currents. ii. Inactive conducting circles containing an electrolytic fluid...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1840). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1840 - Part I. Pp. 61-91 and 1 engraved plate. + Pp. 93-127. Both papers Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a historical paper in chemistry and physiscs in which Faraday announces his principle, that for all known cases of energy, the energy is not generated, but only transformed. The principle he showed applied to the voltaic cell, and he used it to argue against the so-called contact school in chemistry. The process imagined by the contact school ""would indeed be a creation of power, like no other force in nature"". There is no such thing in the world as ""a pure creation of force"" a production of power without a corresponding exhaustion of something to supply it.""""In his very long paper 'on the source of power in the voltaic pile', divided into two parts (XVI and XVII, 1840), faraday marshalled what he thought was owewhelming evidence against the contact theory in favour of the chemical theory.""(Partington: A History of Chemistry IV: p. 138).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never cease to be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 42287

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - THE DISCOVERY OF ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION (PMM 308) - GERMAN VERSION.‎

‎Experimental-Untersuchungen über Elektricität. (Frei übersetzt aus dem Philosop. Transact. f. 1832). (Erste-) Zweite Reihe. ( I-V). (I. Vertheilung elektrischer Ströme. II. Electricitätserregung durc Magnetismus. III. Neuer elektrischer Zustand der M...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1832. Contemp. hcalf., raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Band 25. (Entire volume offered). VIII,648 pp. and 6 folded engraved plates. Small stamps on verso of titlepage and plates. Faraday's papers: pp. 91-142 a. pp. 142-186. with 3 folded engraved plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First German editions of the 2 first memoirs of Faradays groundbreaking researches on electricity, constituting the first 2 papers of his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"", and containing his fundamental discovery of electromagnetic induction, THE FOUNDATION OF NEARLY ALL THE ELECTRICITY IN USE TODAY. In 1820 Oersted had generated magnetism from electricity, Faraday here finds the opposite effect, generating electricity by magnetism. He also described the first electrical generator (second paper). THESE PAPERS ARE SOME OF THE GREAT CLASSICS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.""Faraday demonstrated this theory involving the lines of force....by inserting a magnet into a coil of wire attached to a galvanometer. While the magnet was being inserted or removd, current flowed through the wire. If the magnet was held stationary and the coil moved over it one way or the other, there was current in the wire. In either case the magnetic lines of force about the magnet were cut by the wire.If the magnet and coil were both held motionless, whether the magnet was within the coil or not, there was no current...Faraday hd thus discovered electricalinduction...It was to lead to great things, but this was not apparent.""(Asimov).""Although his discovery of the electric motor and the dynamo was almost entirely identical to his theoretical discoveries, it laid the foundation of the modern electrical industry - electric light and power, teælephony, wireless telegraphy, televison etc. - by providing for the production of continous mechanical motion from an electrical source, and vice versa."" (PMM, 308).Horblit, 29 - Milestones, 62. - Dibner, 64. - PMM, 308.The volume contains further notable papers. Elie de Beaumont ""Zweiter geologischer Brief...an A.v. Humboldt über die relative Alter der Gebirgszüge"", pp. 1-58 a. 2 plates (one handcoloured), papers by Döbereiner, E. Lenz, Moser, Mitscherlich, de Saussure, J. Dumas, F.E. Neumann, Gay-Lussac, Johannes Müller ""Beobachtungen zur Analyse der Lymphe, des Bluts und des Chylus"", pp. 513-590.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44146

‎"FARR, WILLIAM. - THE USE OF SCHEUTZ'S THIRD DIFFERENTIAL ENGINE.‎

‎On the Construction of Life-Tables, illustrated by a New Life-Table of the Healthy Districts of England. Received March 17, - Read April 7, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1859). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part II. With the titlepage to Part II. Pp. 837-878, 1 folded engraved plate, tables in the text. The plate slightly browned. It includes 1 typeset by the Scheutz calculator.Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a pioneer paper in statistical calculations of life-expectations., containing THE VERY FIRST APPLICATION OF A DIFFERENCE ENGINE TO MEDICAL STATISTICS.""Farr's preliminary report (the paper offered), describing the use of the Scheutz Engine no. 3 to prepare life tables, was published 5 years before his ""English Life Table"". Farr, a pioneer in the quantitative study of morbidity and mortality, was chief statistician of the General Register Office, Englands central statistical office. Influenced by Babbage, he had long been interested in the use of a calculating machine, such as Babbage's Difference Engine to compute life tables"" see page 854 of the present report, in which Farr refers to his 1843 letter on the subject to the registrar-general. Farr had seen and tested the machine's predecessor, the Scheutz Engine No. 2, when it was on display in London. It was at Farr's recommandation that the British government authorized in 1857 the sum of Pound 1200 for the Scheutz Engine no. 3 to be constructed by the firm Bryan Donkin, a manufacturer of machines for the color printing of bank notes and stamps....Farr's printing report, received by the Royal Society on March 17 of that year, was written while Scheutz Engine no. 3 was still ""in the course of construction by Messr. Donkin"" (p. 854). The reports table B1, ""Life-Table of Healthy English Districts"", made from stereotype plates produced by the calculator, represents the very first application of a difference engine to medical studies.""(Hook and Norman, Origins of Cyperspace, No. 77.). - Garrison & Morton: 1700.1.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43002

‎"FARADAY, M. (MICHAEL). - THE DISCOVERY AND ISOLATION OF BENZENE.‎

‎On new compounds of carbon and hydrogen, and on certain other products obtained during the decomposition of oil by heat. Read June 16, 1825.‎

‎(London, W. Nicol, 1825). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1825 - Part II. Pp. 440-466. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this remarkable paper in which Faraday announces his discovery of Benzene. Berzelius described this research as ""without doubt one of the most importent which has enriched chemistry during 1825.""""The first public announcement of the discovery of benzene, the greatest chemical discovery made by Faraday. Originally named by him ""bicaburet of hydrogen"", benzene is the parent substance of all aromatic compounds. It constitutes the basis of thousands of organic compounds, dyes, perfumes, and medicinal products, as well as many polymers and structural materials. The discovery of benzene led to the creation of numerous chemical companies and the manufacture of materials previously unknown. This paper is a thourough study of the physical and chemical properties of benzene.""(Neville I, p. 443). - Parkinson ""Breakthrough"" 1825 C.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43119

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - THE DISCOVERY OF ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION (PMM 308) - FRENCH VERSION.‎

‎Recherches expérimentales sur l'Electricité. I-V. (I. Sur l'induction des courans l'èlectriques. II. Sur le développement de l'électricité par le magnetisme. III. Sur une nouvelle condition électrique de la matière. IV. Sur les phénomènes magnét...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1832. Contemp. hcalf., gilt spine, light wear along edges. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 50, Series 2. (Entire volume offered). 448 pp. 2 folded engraved plates. Faraday's papers: pp. 5-67 a. pp. 113-162.‎

‎First French editions of the 2 first memoirs of Faradays groundbreaking researches on electricity, constituting the first 2 papers of his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"", and containing his fundamental discovery of electromagnetic induction, THE FOUNDATION OF NEARLY ALL THE ELECTRICITY IN USE TODAY. In 1820 Oersted had generated magnetism from electricity, Faraday here finds the opposite effect, generating electricity by magnetism. He also described the first electrical generator (second paper). THESE PAPERS ARE SOME OF THE GREAT CLASSICS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.""Faraday demonstrated this theory involving the lines of force....by inserting a magnet into a coil of wire attached to a galvanometer. While the magnet was being inserted or removd, current flowed through the wire. If the magnet was held stationary and the coil moved over it one way or the other, there was current in the wire. In either case the magnetic lines of force about the magnet were cut by the wire.If the magnet and coil were both held motionless, whether the magnet was within the coil or not, there was no current...Faraday hd thus discovered electricalinduction...It was to lead to great things, but this was not apparent.""(Asimov).""Although his discovery of the electric motor and the dynamo was almost entirely identical to his theoretical discoveries, it laid the foundation of the modern electrical industry - electric light and power, teælephony, wireless telegraphy, televison etc. - by providing for the production of continous mechanical motion from an electrical source, and vice versa."" (PMM, 308).Horblit, 29 - Milestones, 62. - Dibner, 64. - PMM, 308.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44145

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - THE DISCOVERY OF ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION (PMM 308) - FRENCH VERSION.‎

‎Recherches expérimentales sur l'Electricité. I-V. (I. Sur l'induction des courans l'èlectriques. II. Sur le développement de l'électricité par le magnetisme. III. Sur une nouvelle condition électrique de la matière. IV. Sur les phénomènes magnét...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1832. Contemp. hcloth, gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 50, Series 2. (Entire volume offered). 448 pp. 2 folded engraved plates. Faraday's papers: pp. 5-67 a. pp. 113-162. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First French editions of the 2 first memoirs of Faradays groundbreaking researches on electricity, constituting the first 2 papers of his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"", and containing his fundamental discovery of electromagnetic induction, THE FOUNDATION OF NEARLY ALL THE ELECTRICITY IN USE TODAY. In 1820 Oersted had generated magnetism from electricity, Faraday here finds the opposite effect, generating electricity by magnetism. He also described the first electrical generator (second paper). THESE PAPERS ARE SOME OF THE GREAT CLASSICS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.""Faraday demonstrated this theory involving the lines of force....by inserting a magnet into a coil of wire attached to a galvanometer. While the magnet was being inserted or removd, current flowed through the wire. If the magnet was held stationary and the coil moved over it one way or the other, there was current in the wire. In either case the magnetic lines of force about the magnet were cut by the wire.If the magnet and coil were both held motionless, whether the magnet was within the coil or not, there was no current...Faraday hd thus discovered electricalinduction...It was to lead to great things, but this was not apparent.""(Asimov).""Although his discovery of the electric motor and the dynamo was almost entirely identical to his theoretical discoveries, it laid the foundation of the modern electrical industry - electric light and power, teælephony, wireless telegraphy, televison etc. - by providing for the production of continous mechanical motion from an electrical source, and vice versa."" (PMM, 308).Horblit, 29 - Milestones, 62. - Dibner, 64. - PMM, 308.The volume contains further notable papers. Elie de Beaumont ""Zweiter geologischer Brief...an A.v. Humboldt über die relative Alter der Gebirgszüge"", pp. 1-58 a. 2 plates (one handcoloured), papers by Döbereiner, E. Lenz, Moser, Mitscherlich, de Saussure, J. Dumas, F.E. Neumann, Gay-Lussac, Johannes Müller ""Beobachtungen zur Analyse der Lymphe, des Bluts und des Chylus"", pp. 513-590.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 48987

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - THE FIRST ELECTRIC MOTOR - INTRODUCING ""LINES OF FORCE"" AND THE UNIVERSE OF ""FIELDS"" (FRENCH EDITION).‎

‎Sur les Mouvemens électro-magnétiques et la théorie du magnétisme. (Traduit par M. Anatole-Riffault). + (André-Marie Ampere et Felix Savary:) Notes relatives au Mémoire de M. Faraday.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1821). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 18 (Septembre Cahier). Pp. 337-443. (Entire issue offered). Faraday's paper: pp. 337-370 a. 2 folded engraved plates (showing the experimental apparatus). Ampère & Savary's Notes: pp. 370-379. Clean and fine.‎

‎First French edition of Faraday's famous paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism. By Michael Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution. (1821)"", recording one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century, as Faraday here, as the very first, showed how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of ""LINE OF FORCE"" and hereby deliniating ""a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another halfcentury.""(Asimov).""Ever since Hans Christian oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real ? Did the theories fit the facts ? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to to undertake a short historical survey...His entusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the ""electrical conflict"" surrounding the wiree and had noted that ""this conflict performs circles"".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that oneof the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism"" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the ""Quarterly Journal of Science"" (The paper offered in the first French edition). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force.""(DSB IV, pp. 533).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43750

‎"FERMI, E., E. AMALDI, O. D'AGOSTINO, F. RASETTI, E. SEGRÉ. - THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL RADIOACTIVITY BY NEUTRON BOMBARDMENT.‎

‎Artificial Radioactivity produced by Neutron Bombardment. (Communicated by Lord Rutherford) + Artificial Radioactivity produced by Neutron Bombardment - II. (Communicated by Lord Rutherford). 2 Papers.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1934 a. 1935. Royal8vo. Bound in 2 contemp. full cloth. Gilt lettering to spine. A stamp on verso of titlepages. In: ""Proceedings of the Royal Society"", Series A, Vol. 146 and vol. 149. VI,942 pp. + VIII,600 pp. (Entire volumes offered). The joint papers: pp. 483-500 (1934) and pp. 522-558 (1935).‎

‎These seminal papers constitutes the description of the first realization of artificial radioactivity produced by neutron bombardment, and it is the first demonstration of neutron-induced radioactivity. These highlights and his many other results have left their imprint on the most diverse parts of physics. Fermi was awarded the Nobel prize in 1938 for these discoveries.""Acting on this idea, (Fermi reasoned that neutrons should be more effective than alpha particles in producing radioactive elements because they are not repelled by the nuclear charge and thus have a much greater probability of entering the target nuclei) Fermi bombarded several elements of increasing atomic numbers with neutrons. He hoped to find an artificial radioactivity produced by the neutrons. His first success was with fluorine. The neutron source was a small ampul containing beryllium metal and radon gas. The detecting apparatus consisted of rather primitive Geiger-Müller counters. Immediately thereafter Fermi, with the help of Amaldi, D’Agostino, Rasetti, and Segrè, carried out a systematic investigation of the behavior of elements throughout the periodic table. In most cases they performed chemical analysis to identify the chemical element that was the carrier of the activity. In the first survey, out of sixty-three elements investigated, thirty-seven showed an easily detectable activity. The nuclear reactions of (n, a), (n, p), and (n, ?) were then identified, and all available elements, including uranium and thorium, were irradiated. In uranium and thorium the investigators found several forms of activity after bombardment but did not recognize fission. Fermi and his collaborators, having proved that no radioactive isotopes were formed between lead and uranium, put forward the natural hypothesis that the activity was due to transuranic elements. These studies, which were continued by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Irène Joliot Curie, Frédéric Joliot, and Savitch, culminated in 1938 in the discovery of fission by Hahn and Fritz Strassmann.""(DSB).""The present papers are a summary of these letters (the letters from the team communicated almost weakly to ""Ricerca Scientifica"") for the English speaking readers. ""When we (Fermi and Segre) went to Cambridge, we discussed with him (rutherford), in great detail, our work. The work which had been accomplished up to that date by our group is summarized in a paper which was presented by Lord Rutherford to the Royal Society (Paper No. 98). The manuscript of this paper had been prepared in Rome and delivered to him in Cambridge. he read it immediately with great attention, made several corrections to improve our English, and turned it over to the Royal Society. I asked him whether it would be possible to obtain a speedy publication and he immediately answered ""What did you think I was President of the Royal Society for ?"" (Collected Papers of Enrico Fermi, Vol. I, p. 641).Volume 149 contains the importent joint paper on SUPERCONDUCTIVITY by the brothers FRITZ And H. LONDON ""The Electromagnetic Equations of the Superconductor"", pp. 71-88.""In 1933 shortly before Heinz London joined his brother at Oxford, W. Meissner and R. Ochsenfeld made a startling discovery. It was well known that currents in superconductors flow in such a way as to shield points inside the material from changes in the external magnetic field. This indeed is an obvious property of any resistance less medium, fully discussed by Maxwell in 1873 long before the discovery of superconductivity. But a superconductor does more. Whereas a zero resistance medium only counteracts changes in the field, it actually tends to expel the field present in its interior before cooling.... The London quickly saw its implications and in 1935 published a joint paper on the electrodynamics of superconductors, in which they replaced (paper by Deaver and Fairbanks) by a new phenomenological equation connecting the current with the magnetic rather than the electric field... ""(DSB).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47070

‎"FIVE LETTERS ""THE BEST OF"""‎

‎DISQUE VINYLE 33T MA KEEN DAWN, ALONE, YOU CRY N'YOU SHARE, YOU SKY ME, YELLOW NIGHTS, LADY LANE.‎

‎VOGUE. non daté. In-12. Broché. Bon état, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Intérieur frais. Pochette en couleurs, deux petite photo en couleurs dérrière la pochette. Disque en anglais.. . . . Classification : 410-33 Tours‎

‎Disque n°508692 Classification : 410-33 Tours‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : R130007868

‎"FLINDERS, MATTHEW. - SURVEYING THE COAST OF NEW HOLLAND.‎

‎Concerning the Differences in the Magnetic Needle, on Board the Investigator, arising from an Alteration in the Direction of the Ship's Head. Read March 28, 1805.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1805. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1805. With titlepage to Phil. Transactions Part I. Pp. 186-197. Having also the titlepage to the volume (Part II, 1805). A few scattered brownspots and very faint browning to outer margins, otherwise fine and wide-margined. A small stamp to verso of titlepage.‎

‎First printing of, probably the first work, to discover, and correct for the errors of the compass caused by the iron in ships, by the first circumnavigator of Australia.""Captain Matthew Flinders RN (16 March 1774 - 19 July 1814) was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. In a career that spanned just over twenty years, he sailed with Captain William Bligh, circumnavigated Australia and encouraged the use of that name for the continent, which had previously been known as New Holland. He survived shipwreck and disaster only to be imprisoned for violating the terms of his scientific passport by changing ships and carrying prohibited papers. He identified and corrected the effect upon compass readings of iron components and equipment on board wooden ships and he wrote what may be the first work on early Australian exploration A Voyage to Terra Australis.""(Wikepedia)‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45129

‎"FLOURENS, MARIE JEAN PIERRE. - THE ANAESTHETC EFFECT OF CHLOROFORM DISCOVERED.‎

‎Note touchant l'action de l'éther sur les centres nerveux.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1847. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 24, No. 10. Pp. (337-) 396. (Entire issue offered). Flourens' paper: pp. 340-44. A small paperflaw in inner margin on the first leaf. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of groundbreaking paper on anaesthesia, disclosing that chloroform had an anaesthetic effect. Flourens made the discovery before James Young Simpson.""Little notice seems to have been taken of his paper, but later the same year Simpson independently demonstrated the value of chloroform.""(Garrison & Morton, 5654.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49524

‎"FLINDERS, MATTHEW. - THE NAMING OF AUSTRALIA.‎

‎Observations upon the Marine Barometer, made during the Examination of the Coasts of New Holland and New South Wales, in the years 1801, 1802, and 1803.‎

‎London, The Author, 1807. 8vo. Contemp. calf, rebacked with brown buckram. Title- and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Corners bumped. In: ""A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts. By William Nicholson."" Vol. XVI. - VIII,392,(8) pp. a. 8 engraved plates. (Entire volume offered). Flinders letter: pp. 107-118 a. pp. 173-182. Internally clean.‎

‎Second printing of this important paper relating Flinder's observations on the ship ""Investigator"" when exploring the coast of Australia. IN THE PAPER THE NAME ""AUSTRALIA"" APPEARS PROBABLY FOR THE FIRST TIME IN A SCIENTIFIC MEMOIR (here p. 118). The letter was first printed in Philosophical Transactions, late in 1806 (read to the Royal Society March 27). Nicholson reprinted it here in the February issue of the offered volume 16. (1807).The name Australia was popularised by Matthew Flinders, who pushed for the name to be formally adopted as early as 1804. When preparing his manuscript and charts for his 1814 A Voyage to Terra Australis, he was persuaded by his patron, Sir Joseph Banks, to use the term Terra Australis as this was the name most familiar to the public. Flinders did so, but allowed himself the footnote:""Had I permitted myself any innovation on the original term, it would have been to convert it to Australia"" as being more agreeable to the ear, and an assimilation to the names of the other great portions of the earth."" In the paper offered he used the name ""Australia"" as early as 1806.""Captain Matthew Flinders RN (16 March 1774 - 19 July 1814) was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. In a career that spanned just over twenty years, he sailed with Captain William Bligh, circumnavigated Australia and encouraged the use of that name for the continent, which had previously been known as New Holland. He survived shipwreck and disaster only to be imprisoned for violating the terms of his scientific passport by changing ships and carrying prohibited papers. He identified and corrected the effect upon compass readings of iron components and equipment on board wooden ships and he wrote what may be the first work on early Australian exploration A Voyage to Terra Australis.""(Wikepedia)‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47325

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - TOWARDS THE ANALYTICAL THEORY OF HEAT.‎

‎7 Papers on Radiant Heat: 1. Théorie de la chaleur (Extrait) - 2. Note sur la Chaleur rayonnante. - 3. Sur la Théorie-Physique de la Chaleur rayonnante. - 4. Extrait d'un Mémoire sur la Refroidissement séculaire du globe terrestre. - 5. Remarques gén... - [THE GREEN-HOUSE EFFECT]‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1816, 1817,1817,1820, 1824, 1824, 1825). Without wrappers as issued in: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."". Vol. 3, pp. 350-375. - Vol. 4, pp. 128-145. - Vol. 6, pp. 259-303. - Vol. 13, pp. 418-38. - Vol. 27, pp. 136-167. - Vol. 27, pp. 236-281. - Vol. 28, pp. 337-365.‎

‎All first edition and first appearances of papers forecasting the more elaborated theories which he published in his famous work ""La Therorie analytique de la chaleur. 1822"". His analytical mathematical method, that any continous function can be represented as a sum of sine and cosine curves, is here applied to physical problems f.i. his treatment of the warming (and cooling) of the earth and terrestrial temperatures (f.i. the papers offred here no.1, 2, 4, 5 a. 6). The theory of terrestrial temperatures played a central role in Fourier's mathematical physics..An. 1. Description of the 4to volume, which was afterwards published in 1822 without the chapters on radiant heat, the solar heat as it effects the earth, the comparison of analysis with the experiment, and the history of rise and progress of the theory of heat. As such the paper contains importent applications and results not described in ""Theorie analytique...1822.""An. 2. This is a mathematiccal sketch on the sine law of emission of heat from a surface. The authors paradox on the hypothesis of equal intensity of emission in all directions, is here proved.An. 3. An elegant physical treatise on the discoveries of Newton, Pictet, Wells, Wollaston, Leslie and Prevost.An. 4. A Sketch of a memoir, mathematical and descriptive, on the waste of the earth's initial heat.An. 5. A descriptive memoir, read before the Academy 20. a. 29. Sept 1824 and later published in ""Memoires de l'Academy..."", Tome VII, 1827.An. 6. An elementary analytical account of surface-emissions and absorption based on the principle of equilibrium of temperature. This paper comes with Poisson's ""Observations relatives à un Mémoire sur l'Equilibre d'une masse fluide, inséré dans la Transactions philosophique de cette année."" Pp. 225-236.An. 7. An elementary analysis of emissionn, absorption and reflexion by walls of enclosure uniformly heated. At p. 364, Fopurier, promises a ""Theorie physique de la chaleur"" to contain the applications of the ""Theorie analytique"" omitted in teis work published 1822.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 41346

‎"FOUCAULT, (JEAN BERNARD LEON) - THE FOUCAULT PENDULUM FIRST GERMAN EDITION.‎

‎Physikalischer Beweis von der Axendrehung der Erde mittelst des Pendels. (Compt. rend. T. XXXII p. 135).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1851 Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", 82. Bd., 3. issue (""Heft"" No 3, 1851). Entire issue offered. Pp. 337-464. Foucault's paper: pp. 458-462. With titlepage to volume 82.‎

‎First German edition of the famous paper in which Foucault presented his discovery of the proof of the rotation of the earth by the large pendulum, called FOUCAULT'S PENDULUM. It was presented by Arago at the meeting of the Acadey of Scieces on February 3, 1851.Since Léon Foucault’s public demonstration of his pendulum experiment, it has played a prominent role in physics, physics education, and the history of science. The Foucault pendulum is a long pendulum suspended high above the ground and carefully set into planar motion. The phenomenon described by Foucault1 concerns the orientation of the plane of oscillation of the pendulum. ""The experiment (with the pendulum) caused great exitement at the time. Heracleides had first suggested twenty-two centuries before that the earth was rotating and Copernicus had renewed the suggestion three centuries before. Since the time of Galileo two and a half centuries before, the world of scholarship had not doubted the matter. Nevertheless, all evidence as to that rotation had been indirect, and not until Foucault's experiment could the earth's rotation actually be said to have been demonstrated rather that deduced."" (DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1851 E.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 45070

‎"FONTENELLE, BERNARD LE BOYER (BOVIER) De. - THE PROGRAM OF THE ENLIGHTMENT‎

‎Preface.‎

‎Paris, Jean Boudot, 1702. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences"". Année 1699. With the fine engraved frontispiece and the titlepage to the volume. (22) pp.. Stamped in blind on the 2 first leaves, in margins.‎

‎First appearance of Fontenelle's famous program for the philosophy of science of the Enlightment, stipulating the nature of scientific research in terms of the analytical geometry.""From 1699 to 1740 Fontenelle devoted himself almost exclusively to his task of editing the Histoire de l’Académie royale des sciences . . . avec les mémoires de mathématique et de physique pour la même année, tirés des registres de cette Académie. The volume for the year 1699, which appeared in 1702, opens with an untitled preface usually called ""Préface [sometimes ""Discours préliminaire""] sur l’utilitë des mathématiques et de la physique et sur les travaux de l’Académie (the paper offered), which contains essential material on the philosophy of science and is a sort of bridge between Descartes’s Discours de la méthode and Claude Bernard’s Introduction à l’étude de la médecine expérimentale. Here one finds the first literary expression of the idea of the interdependence of the sciences and of the constancy of the laws of nature.""‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44534

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - THE PHYSICAL THEORY OF HEAT.‎

‎Questions Sur la Théorie-Physique de la Chaleur rayonnante.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1817. Contemp. hcalf. Spine with gilt lettering. Light scratching to spine In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" 2e Series, Tome 6. - 448,(4) pp. a. 2 engraved plates. (The entire volume offered). Fourier's paper: pp. 259-303. Internally clean and fine. Stamps on verso of title-page.‎

‎First apperance of this importent memoir in which Fourier gives an account of the Physical theory of heat conduction and radiation.""Fourier made observations on the heating power of the Sun and on night-time refrigeration. He conducted experiments on the heating and cooling of objects of different composition and shape, and on the transmission,absorption and reflection of radiant heat. He employed basic physical principles and formulated mathematical laws to explain and predict universal phenomena, such as ‘the progressive extinction of heat rays in the atmosphere."" (James R. Fleming).The volume contains other notable papers JOHN MURRAY ""Analyse de l'Eau de mer,et Observations sur l'analyse des sources salées"", first edition in French, MAGENDIE ""Mémoire sur Emploi de l'Acide prussique dans le traitement de plusieurs maladies de poitrine, et particulierement dans la phthisie pulmonaire"", by Leopol de Buch, Gay-Lussac etc. etc.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49605

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - FIRST PRINTING OF ANY PART OF ""THE ANALYTICAL THEORY OF HEAT""‎

‎Théorie de la chaleur. (Extrait).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1816. Contemp. hcloth. Spine with gilt lettering. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."" Sweries 2, tome 3. (Entire volume offered). 448 pp. a. 3 engraved plates. A library stamp to some upper corners. Fourier's paper: pp. 350-375. A few scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance in print of any part of Fourier's landmark work ""Théorie Analytique de la Chaleur"" which was published in 1822. The 2 large memoirs (of 1811) out of which - together with the offered memoir - grew his landmark work were only published in 1824 and 1826.The volume contains also original papers by LAPLACE, GAY-LUSSAC, MAGENDIE, PRONY, HUMBOLDT, BIOT etc.etc.""In 1816 Fourier published a paper (the paper offered) announcing the imminent appearance of a book on both the mathematical and the physical aspects of heat (Fourie 1816)"" but six years were to pass before a book was published, and it covered only the mathematical sides. In the 'preliminary discourse' he stated that its writing and printing had taken a long time (p. xvii)."" (Grattan-Guiness ""Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics 1640-1940"", p.356).‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 49626

‎"FRESNEL, AUGUSTIN. - FORMULATING THE GENERAL LAW OF DOUBLE REFRACTION.‎

‎Extrait d'un Mémoire sur la double Réfraction. (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 26 novembre 1821).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1825. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 28, Cahier 3. Titlepage to vol. 28. Pp. 225-336. Fresnel's paper: pp. 263-279‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper - the paper was only published in full in the Mémoires two years later - in which he applies the concept of transverse waves to double refraction and representing the final construction, in the form of an equation of the fourth degree.In the paper Fresnel also explained the fact, that in some cases of quartz the rotation of polarization is from left to right and in other cases from right to left.. He proposed the term 'helical' to denote the property of rotating the plane of polarization, exhibited by such bodies as quartz. The term 'natural rotatory polarisation' is however, generally used.The issue contains further J. Berzelius: ""Examen chimique des eaux de Carlsbad, de Teplitz et de Konigswart"", pp. 225-263 (first part) and J.F.W. Herschel ""Sur certain Mouvemens produits dans les liquides conducteurs, lorsqu'ils transmettant le courant électrique"", pp. 280-318.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 44090

‎"FRIEDRICH, W., P. KNIPPING, MAX v. LAUE. - THE NATURE OF X RAYS AND THE ATOMIC STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALS.‎

‎Inteferenzerscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen. (+ M. Laue:) Eine quantitative Prüfung der Theorie für die Inteferenzerscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen. (+ M. Laue und F. Tank:) Die gestalt der Interferenzpunkte bei den Röntgenstrahlinterferenzen. (3 pape...‎

‎(Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1913). Without wrappers in ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 41, No.10. The entire issues offered. Pp. 873-1064 a. 6 plates. Laue's papers: pp. 971-988, pp. 989-1002 a. pp. 1003-1011. With the 5 famous plates in collotype (reproductions of the photographic plates), showing the X-Ray diffraction spectrum of different salt and substances (The ""Laue diagram"").‎

‎These papers represents the first full exposition of Laue's and his co-worker's discovery of the nature of X-Rays. The first two papers were printed the year before in ""Münchener Sitzungsberichte"", but finds their final form here and with the experimental confirmation by Laue and Tank. He showed that the regular spacing of the atoms in a crystal can serve as a grating of the desired precision, and he measures the wave-lenght of the X-rays.That crystals might be the appropriate grating for the X-rays proved to be well founded when Knipping, Friedrich and Tank found experimental confirmation of the theory.""It was in 1895 that Röntgen discovered a new form of radiation, to which, as its nature was so uncertain, he gave the name of the X-ray.....It was not until 1912, when von Laue showed it could be diffracted like ordinary light, that it was recognized with certainty as an ether wave of extremely short wave-lenght.Laue used a crystal for his diffraction grating...The X-ray is therefore identical with with light in respect to its nature, but differs greatly in quality: a state of things which is very favourable to an extension of our general knowledge of such radiations.""(William Bragg in ""The Universe of Light"", pp. 228 ff.).""It was the work of Laue and the experiments done by Friedrich and Knipping on his suggestion that cleared up the nature of X rays once and for all and that, moreover, beautifully demonstrated that crystals are composed of atoms arranged in a regular lattice......As in the case of Röntgen's original discovery, the photographs were extremely convincing. Other researchers immediately were attracted by the new field of X-ray spectroscopy and the discoveries by the Braggs and Mosely soon followed.""(Siegmund Brandt ""The harvest of a Century"", Episode 20, p. 80 ff.).""The awarding of the Nobel Prize in physics for 1914 to Laue indicated the significance of the discovery that Albert Einstein called ""ONE OF THE MOST BEAUTIFUL IN PHYSICS"". Subsequently it was possible to investigate X radiation itself by means of wavelenght determinations as well as to study the structure of the irradiated material. In the truest sense of the word scientists began to cast light on the structure of matter.""(DSB VIII, p. 51).PMM: 406 (the first 2 papers in Münchener Sitzungsberichte).The offered issue of ""Annalen"" contains also an importent paper by P. DEBYE & A. SOMMERFELD: ""Theorie des lichtelektrischen Effektes vom Standpunkt des Wirkungsquantums"", pp. 873-930‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 43821

‎"FRESNEL, A. (AUGUSTIN). - THE ""SECOND MEMOIR"" OF 1827, FIRST ENGLISH EDITION.‎

‎Memoir on Double Refraction. (From the Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences d l'Institut de France, tome vii. 1827).‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1852. 8vo. Without wrappers. In: ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science... Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. V, Part XVIII. With titlepage to Vol. V. Pp. (151-) 352 (entire part offered). Fresnel's paper: pp. 238-333. Clean and fine. Titlepage with a small faint stamp.‎

‎First appearance in English of Fresnel's famous memoir - the memoir of 1827, his so-called second memoir - in which some of his groundbreaking discoveries concerning light is stated. He applies the concept of transverse waves to double refraction and representing the final construction, in the form of an equation of the fourth degree.In the paper Fresnel also explained the fact,that in some cases of quartz the rotation of polarization is from left to right and in other cases from right to left.. He proposed the term 'helical' to denote the property of rotating the plane of polarization, exhibited by such bodies as quartz. The term 'natural rotatory polarisation' is however, generally used.This memoir contains the first printing of three unpublished memoirs from 1821 and 1822 (Mémoire sur la double refraction.Extrait Read 26. Nov., 1821 - Supplement, presented 22 January 1822 - Second Supplement, presented April 1, 1822. - Explication de la réfraction dans le système des Ondes from ""Bulletin Soc. Philom."", 1821. See Jed. Z. Buchwald ""The Rise of the Wave Theory of Light"", pp. 461-63.‎

Referenz des Buchhändlers : 47019