A MEDIEVAL ILLUMINATED VELLUM MANUSCRIPT BOOK OF HOURS IN LATIN, WITH FOUR VERY FINE MINIATURESBiblio.com
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1470ref. ST20836Western France Angers ca. 1470. 122 x 88 mm. 4 3/4 x 3 1/2". Single column 15 lines in a neat bâtarde hand. 152 leaves first and last three are ruled blank leaves; leaf count does not include the first blank endleaf erroneously included in the modern pencil foliation. COMPLETE. Contents: early ownership inscriptions f. 2v Calendar f. 5r Hours of the Virgin f. 17r Extract from the Gospel of John f. 55v Obsecro Te f. 57r Penitential Psalms and Litany f. 61r Office of the Dead f. 78r series of devotional prayers in Latin to the Virgin Mary Christ and the Archangel Michael f. 115r O Intemerata f. 134v series of devotional prayers in Latin f. 138r ruled blank leaves with family records of Jacques Bille f. 150v. Pleasing early 19th century caramel colored straight-grain morocco covers bordered with a double gilt rule smooth spine gilt in compartments divided with a double gilt rule and dotted roll and cross centerpieces neat early repair to head of spine turn-ins gilt marbled endpapers all edges gilt. Housed in a 20th century felt-lined slipcase with a gilt monogram on front. Ruled in red rubricated in red and blue two one-line burnished gold initials on a blue or pink ground one three-line blue and red penwork initial eight three- to four-line initials in pink and blue filled with ivy leaves on a burnished gold ground these pages with three-quarter borders of acanthus leaves dense rinceaux colorful fruit and flowers gold ivy leaves and bezants and WITH FOUR ARCH-TOPPED MINIATURES above a three- or four-line initial painted blue or pink on gold ground each surrounded by a full border of painted gold and brightly colored acanthus leaves vines and flowers studded with burnished gold bezants three borders inhabited with fantastical creatures the subjects of the miniatures including the Annunciation f. 17r; King David in Prayer f. 61r; a funeral procession f. 78r; and the Pietà f. 115r. Verso of first leaf with signature of Jacques Bille or Billes and the following page with a note in a different contemporary hand with the day and year erased and written over: "Ces presentes heures sont a iaques bille qui les trouvera si les luy Rende et il paiera voluntriers le VIII le jour de la sainct martin. Tesmoion son seign manuel cy mis le huytiesme jour de Avril L'an mil cinqcens et seze" "These present hours belong to Jaques Bille; whoever finds them should return them to him and he will gladly pay on the eighth the day of Saint Martin. Witness his manual signature placed here on the eighth day of April in the year one thousand five hundred and sixteen" followed by Bille's signature; third blank leaf with the ownership inscription "Tussanus Philippus Adeline Presbyter anno 1763"; verso of final text leaf and next three blanks with family records see below. Superficial crease to spine other insignificant signs of use to the leather but the binding sound and attractive. A hint of thumbing at lower corners of first half of the manuscript miniatures with a few isolated minor spots of rubbing not affecting faces otherwise in very fine condition internally the paint bright and fresh and the vellum clean. Almost certainly made in western France and with early ownership inscriptions tying it to that area this Book of Hours contains four extraordinarily high-quality miniatures by an accomplished artist very likely related to one of the greatest French manuscript illuminators of the period. Stylistic markers here include drapery with crisp folds figures with pale skin and high foreheads simple but perfectly executed scenery and a flair for detail. The latter talent is particularly evident on the various textiles and garments which include almost impossibly fine gold trimmings and sophisticated draping. It was in fact on the basis of the extraordinary drapery that the manuscript had previously been associated with the circle of Jean Fouquet called by Avril and Reynaud "the greatest French painter and illuminator of the 15th century." In a case of twin summits recent scholarship suggests an alternative attribution to the similarly illustrious circle of Maître de Jouvenel des Ursins a contemporary of Fouquet who according to Avril and Reynaud was "the most important illuminator of the mid 15th century in western France." Around him sprung up a group of artists collectively referred to as the "Jouvenel group" who were based primarily in the area between Tours Nantes and Angers. The illuminations in the present work are so skillful that with additional research it may be possible to pin down an attribution with more certainty; whatever the identity of the artists the level of finishing in these illuminations--from the careful molding of the faces and bodies to the expertly balanced compositions and elegant brushwork--are the hallmarks of a superior hand. When this item was sold at Sotheby's on 13 July 1977 the auction catalogue said that the miniatures "are painted with fine clear colours with great delicacy in the modelling of faces and costumes. The finest miniature is that of the Pietà set against a deep green hill with a fiery sun setting behind dark mountains and buildings and lighting up the evening sky." Indeed this image is a quiet masterpiece of illumination and an excellent example of this artist's work. The naked figure of Christ exhibits a real command of anatomy and proportion while subtle details such as the foreshortening to Christ's face and the whisper-thin cloth clinging to the lower body are done with an exquisite touch. The miniature of the funeral procession also stands out for its superior quality. The composition is quite different from the Pietà being a large group of people rather than an intimate portrait of two figures but it is approached with equal rigor and devotion to detail. The faces turning toward the viewer all show impressive individualization with the figure dressed in blue being particularly well formed and highly differentiated from the crowd--so much so that this could possibly be considered a patron portrait. Three of the miniatures in this work contain borders with delightful examples of marginalia including a court jester a hedgehog a male and female centaur wielding weapons a monkey riding a camel another monkey rubbing his posterior and other whimsical hybrid creatures. These stand out because they are rendered with the characteristic skill and attention to detail found in the larger miniatures so it is possible that they could also be the work of the miniature artist. Although the Calendar in this manuscript is fairly sparse at least two unusual entries in red point toward western France: St. Julian Bishop of Le Mans 27 January; and St. Maurilius patron saint of Angers 13 September. Significantly the Translation of St. Maurilius also appears on both 16 August and 19 of October in black. Strengthening this association with the west are the early ownership inscriptions tying to the Bille family from at least the early 16th century and possibly before. The final three leaves contain family records that include the date of Jacques Bille's wedding 8 April 1516 and the births of 15 children written in two or three hands between approximately 1520 and 1549. The name of our former owner was difficult to trace with certainty but we find mention of a Jacques Bille in the French National Archives where he is listed as a notary in Bourg in southwestern France. This would make sense given Bille's complex signatures found on the first two leaves--the extra flourishes may well reflect notarial signatures that he used in his work. In modern times our manuscript was sold at Sotheby's on 25 February 1946 lot 57 to Maggs who may well have sold it to Sven Ericcson who is listed as the owner of this and four other 15th century illuminated Books of Hours when it was sold at Sotheby's in 1977 for £3200. According to RBH it was purchased at that auction by "Malle" almost certainly Bernard Malle 1929-2008 brother of filmmaker Louis Malle and an eminent collector and bibliographer. In an elegant tribute to his late friend and mentor Bernard Clavreuil calls Malle "one of the most discerning . . . collectors of the postwar era" someone who "never ceased to refine and improve in order to achieve an impossible perfection." Malle also acted as a private advisor to more than one major collection and it is possible that he purchased the present manuscript on behalf of an unknown collector rather than his own library. These former owners clearly looked after this Book of Hours carefully over the years and for good reason: it is a work of considerable craftsmanship and beauty with illuminations distinguished by very substantial artistic skill. unknown
ref. ST20295Northern France probably Paris third quarter of 15th century. 130 x 100 mm. 5 1/8 x 3 7/8". Single column 15 lines in an elegant gothic book hand. 280 leaves. First four leaves misbound lacking at least seven leaves five of which probably contained miniatures. Contents: Devotion to the Passion f. 1r; blank f. 4; Calendar f. 5r; Gospel Lessons f. 17r; "Obsecro te" and "O intemerata" f. 23r; blank f. 23; Hours of the Virgin lacking opening leaves for Terce Nones and Vespers f. 33r; Penitential Psalms and Litany f. 100r; Hours of the Cross lacking preliminary leaf f. 120r; Hours of the Holy Spirit p. 123r; Office of the Dead lacking preliminary leaf f. 127r; "Sept Vers de Saint Bernard" and Suffrages f. 176v; series of devotional prayers in Latin and French including the Hours of the Conception an indulgence devotional poems in French prayers for specific occasions such as when facing tribulations going to confession protection against storms and for friends abroad the Stabat Mater the Seven Joys of the Virgin Gospel sequences "Le chemin de paradis" and many others f. 199r; blank f. 280. ESPECIALLY BEAUTIFUL MID-19TH CENTURY LIGHT BROWN MOROCCO LAVISHLY GILT IN THE "FANFARE" STYLE BY CAPÉ stamp-signed in gilt on front turn-in covers with large green and red morocco inlaid panels gilt strapwork scrolling and small star tools raised bands spine compartments with red or green morocco inlay surrounded by gilt scrolling embellishments gilt lettering RED MOROCCO DOUBLURES gilt in the style of Duodo with repeating pattern of flowers encircled by vines marbled endleaves modern paper and vellum flyleaves all edges gilt. Housed in a fine suede-lined pebble-grained leather pull-off case with gilt lettering on spine. Light red ruling and rubrics numerous line-fillers in blue and pink with gilt embellishments many one- and two-line initials in burnished gold on pink and blue ground three four-line initials in pink or blue filled with ivy leaves on a burnished gold ground two of these with a gilt and painted baguette along the outer edge of text and all with a three-quarter border of hairline vines flowers acanthus and gold leaves the majority of the leaves with a panel border of hairline vines and flowers on one side one historiated initial painted blue on a burnished gold ground depicting the Virgin accompanied by a gilt and painted baguette and three-quarter border FOUR SMALL MINIATURES DEPICTING THE APOSTLES each with a gilt and painted baguette and surrounded by a three-quarter border and EIGHT LARGE ARCH-TOPPED MINIATURES above a three-line initial painted blue or pink on gold ground a gilt "L" shaped bar border incorporating colorful flowers and a full border of border of hairline vines flowers acanthus and gold leaves and A HALF-PAGE RECTANGULAR MINIATURE with a border along the lower half. The subjects of the large miniatures include: the Mass of St. Gregory f. 1r; Annunciation f. 33r; Visitation f. 57r; Nativity f. 70r; Adoration of the Magi f. 80v; Crowning of the Virgin f. 94v; David in Prayer f. 100r; Pentecost f. 123r; and a rectangular miniature of the Holy Wound or perhaps the Bleeding Host of Dijon f. 241v. Isolated light rubbing and negligible chips to miniatures the dark blue paint appearing slightly worn in places as is often the case occasional faint smudges to borders and other imperfections but all of these trivial. IN THOROUGHLY FINE CONDITION INTERNALLY--the paint fresh the vellum clean and the margins quite comfortable--AND THE EXTRAORDINARILY FINE BINDING FLAWLESS. In a spectacular 19th century binding this lovely thick little Book of Hours was executed by a talented follower of Maître François and the Master of Jean Rolin and contains a large number of prayers and devotional texts many of them in French. The manuscript includes a fine array of large and small miniatures executed with a colorful palette and careful attention to detail. Particularly noteworthy is the excellent molding of faces. Each figure--no matter their station or importance to the scene--displays unique characteristics that give us a sense of their age sentiments and demeanor. This is an impressive feat given the small scale of the compositions and this individualization adds a great deal of value to the miniatures as well as the viewer's emotional experience connecting to the images. Our artist owes much to the work of the so-called Maître François and slightly before him the Master of Jean Rolin the latter an eponym attached to the illuminator of missals done for Rolin cardinal-bishop of Autun d. 1483. Perhaps of Burgundian origin the Master of Jean Rolin completed his artistic education in Paris probably in the workshop of the Bedford Master and afterward established his own atelier in Burgundy. There he played a key role in the transition from the Bedford Master's slightly more gothic style to the more thoroughly Renaissance style of Maître François who ran the most successful Parisian workshop during the years between 1460 and 1480 producing illuminated manuscripts small and large sacred and secular. Characteristic of Maître François's style are richly colored scenes interiors depicted with considerable detail women and children with pale porcelain complexions and male figures with darker weathered flesh tones--all of which can be seen in the present work. The final miniature present in this work however seems to have been executed by a different artist altogether being rather more flat in appearance and without the detailed facial molding noted earlier. About two-thirds of the manuscript follows fairly regular arrangement of texts with the exception of the Mass of St. Gregory which is misbound at the beginning of the volume. Then following the Suffrages are approximately 80 leaves of devotional texts in Latin and French including popular verses such as the "Seven Joys of the Virgin" and the "Stabat Mater" as well as more unusual texts such as the Hours of the Conception prayers for specific occasions or protections--for example against storms "Contre tempeste" and when one passes over water "Quant on passe par eaue"--indulgences and other related texts. Two of the more interesting passages are "Le chemin de paradis" a French prayer beginning "Qui en paradis veult aller" and a series of Latin poems that claim to be copied from originals found at the church of St. Paul in Rome. These copious additional prayers suggest a high degree of customization for a client who may have been particularly religious or at least very concerned with self-preservation! and they present intriguing possibilities for further study. The manuscript was rebound sometime in the middle years of the 19th century by Capé d. 1867 one of the most distinguished binders in France in his day. He was especially well known for the delicacy of his work which can be observed to great effect in the present example. He was the binder to the Empress Eugenie and Béraldi calls him "the Bozérian of the second Empire." His work has always been highly sought after and it resides in all of the great collections where bindings are considered important. This volume seems to have been sold to bookseller Francis Edwards as lot no. 95 at Sotheby's sale on 3 April 1957 and has been in private hands ever since. The manuscript is a little jewel inside and out and has obviously been a treasured vessel of prayer and art for generations of owners. unknown
ref. ABAA25-1Northern France probably Paris 1230-1250. 12mo 140 x 93 mm of 1 658 ll.: 1-1524 1620 17-2224 2310 24-2524 2617 without the bl. l. xviii 2726 2828 295 without the bl. l. vi. Thus complete. Double column of 47 lines written in brown ink in a very fine Gothic writing. Justification: 92 x 60 mm. 78 historiated initials. Quires numbered in Roman numerals at the foot of the back of the last ll. and signatures at the bottom corner of the text on each recto of the first half of a quire headings in red initials in red letters of running titles and chapters numbers alternately in red or blue initials of chapters on 2 lines alternately in red or blue with a decor of the opposite color initials of 5 to 7 lines at the beginning of the prologues of the same type but with decoration in two colors opening the prologues 78 historiated initials most decorated with foliage and dragons the extension of 29 of them forming borders decorating the margin painted in blue pink orange-red and yellow a few wormholes in the first l. a few running titles cropped last l. restored in the outer margin. Stiff vellum gilt Greek roll-stamp around the covers flat spine decorated green morocco lettering piece gilt edges from the 19th century. Superb Capetian manuscript from the School of Paris complete and of perfect freshness handwritten on vellum skin and illuminated with exquisite finesse between 1230 and 1250. Text: List of Books of the Bible: recto and verso of the first endpaper; the Vulgate with the preamble: ll. 1-599v; Interpretation of the Hebrew names: ll. 600-658. Superb example of the small vulgate bibles produced in Paris in the 13th century. It was in the 13th century in Paris that the masters of theology of the University established what was to become the standard form of the Latin Bible: the selection of the books their order and their division into chapters established by Stéphane Laugton still universally employed the insertion of the forewords of St Jerome and the interpretation of the Hebrew names. All these characteristics are present in this very elegant Bible on very thin vellum skin. Illuminations: A masterpiece from Pierre de Bar's workshop active in Paris between 1230 and 1250 distinguishes itself by the particularly colored and bright shades of its illuminations; the usual whites pinks and blues are enriched with red orange and even more surprisingly by large areas of yellow. This Bible contains 78 illuminations of great beauty and of amazing freshness. The repertoire of decorative details is peculiar compared to other French illuminations of the time and the foliage contains small clover leaves. Branner attributed the illustration of the manuscript to the Parisian workshop that illustrated the most outstanding illuminated manuscripts of the first half of the 13th century Bar's workshop with reference to Cardinal Pierre de Bar 1252 who gave to the Abbey of Clairvaux a Bible in four volumes issued from this workshop and preserved today under the reference Troyes Bibliothèque municipale ms. 106 108 110 and 111. This manuscript can be dated from 1230-1250. Remarkable for its large and well-formed heads; the bodies are robust and covered with clothes with deep and dark folds R. Branner Manuscript Painting in Paris during the Reign of Saint Louis 1977 pp. 70-71. He dates the activity of Pierre de Bar's workshop between 1230-1250 and explains its specificities by suggesting the development of its style outside Paris. The decoration of the manuscript consists of 78 historiated illuminated initials and a great number of capital letters rubricated in red or blue. This very attractive bible seems to have been made in Paris; it represents an interesting addition to the production of a workshop producing according to Branner some of the most beautiful and refined Parisian illuminations of the first half of the 13th century. We witness from the years 1220-1230 under the reign of Queen Blanche of Castile a concentration of illuminators in Paris at the expense of abbeys and provincial capitular schools. We can indeed attribute several manuscripts to Blanche of Castile who inaugurated the tradition of female patronage in the royal family. But the peak of these famous small Capetian bibles happened during the reign of Saint Louis. The subjects of the historiated initials are the following: l. l St Jerome Prologue; l. 4 The 7 days of Creation Genesis; l. 27 Moses leading his people across the Red Sea Exodus; l. 43 the Jews offering a sacrifice; l. 54 Moses preaching; l. 72 Moses receiving the Tablets of Stone; l. 89 God talking to Joshua; l. 99 Gideon holding his sword; l. 110 Elimelech and Naomi migrating to Moab Ruth; l. 112v Beheading of Eli; l. 128 Beheading of Amalekite before David; l. 141 David's servant bringing Abishag to him; l. 155v Ahaziah falling from a tower; l. 170v the Patriarchs; l. 185 Solomon enthroned; l. 202 The Construction of the Temple; l. 207 Nehemiah presenting the golden cup to Artaxerxes; l. 213v Spraying of the Temple; l. 220v Tobias; l. 225v Judith beheading Holofernes; l. 232 Ahasuerus being merciful to Esther; l. 238v Job on the manure heap; l. 251 David playing the harp; l. 256 anointing of David by Samuel; l. 258v David showing his mouth; l. 261 madman holding the stick and the bread Psalm 52; l. 264 God above David below in the water Psalm 68; l. 268 David ringing the bells Psalm 80; l. 271v Two Singers Psalm 97; l. 275 The Trinity Psalm 109; l. 283v Solomon whipping a young man; l. 294v Solomon teaching to a young man; l. 298 Madonna and Child Enthroned; l. 299v Solomon and a young man carrying a sword; l. 307v Ecclesia; l. 328 Isaiah being sawn in half; l. 353 Stoning; l. 381 Baruch writing; l. 384v Ezekiel in bed with the Tetramorph; l. 412 Daniel in the lions' den; l. 423v Hosea and Gomer; l. 427v Joel preaching to a group of Jews; l. 429v Amos offering the sheep; l. 432v God appearing to Obadiah; l. 433v Jonah in the mouth of the whale; l. 434v the teaching Prophet; l. 437 Nahum lamenting about the fall of Nineveh; l. 438v Habakkuk and the stones; l. 440 the Prophet with his scroll; l. 441v Two Prophets; l. 442v Prophet; l. 447 Two men talking; l. 449 Beheading of the idolatrous Jew; l. 466 the Messenger delivering the letter; l. 478v the Tree of Jesse; l. 494v Saint Mark with the lion; l. 505 Saint Luke with the angel; l. 521v Saint John; l. 535 Saint Paul carrying the cross; l. 541 Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 546v Saint Paul carrying a sword and a scroll; l. 551 Saint Paul carrying a sword and a book; l. 555 Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 556v Saint Paul carrying a sword and a book; l. 558 Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 559 Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 560 Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 561v Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 562v Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 561v Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 562v Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 563v Saint Paul carrying a sword; l. 564 Two men talking; l. 568v. Ascension; l. 585 Jacob holding a book; l. 586v Saint Peter seated holding a book; l. 588 Saint Peter holding a key; l. 589 Saint John writing; l. 590v Saint John; l. 591 Saint John; f. 591 Saint Jude; l. 592 Saint John writing. This complete bible dated from 1230-1250 is a masterpiece of Capetian illumination produced under the reign of Saint Louis. Provenance: - Jean Tornone: doctor from Burgundy: inscription on the verso of the endpaper mentioning his gifting of the book to Stroyff. - Assuerus Stroyff: inscription mentioning his reception of the book by Tornone then his gift to Johan Baron de Bronckhorst. Johan Baron de Bronckhorst and Batenburg de Guelders: inscription dated from 1574 mentioning his receipt of the book. FR Nord de la France probablement Paris 1230-1250. In-12 de 1 658 ff. : 1-1524 1620 17-2224 2310 24-2524 2617 sans le f. blanc xviii 2726 2828 295 sans le f. blanc vi. Ainsi complet. Double colonne de 47 lignes écrites à l'encre brune dans une très fine écriture gothique. Justification : 92 x 60 mm. 78 initiales historiées. Cahiers numérotés en chiffres romains au pied des versos des derniers ff. et signatures au pied du coin inférieur du texte sur chaque recto de la première moitié d'un cahier rubriques en rouge initiales en rouge lettres des titres courants et numéros des chapitres alternativement en rouge ou bleu initiales des chapitres sur 2 lignes alternativement en rouge ou bleu avec un décor de la couleur opposée initiales de 5 à 7 lignes au début des prologues du même type mais avec des décors des deux couleurs ouvrant les prologues 78 initiales historiées la plupart ornées de feuillage et de dragons le prolongement de 29 d'entre elles formant des bordures décorant la marge peintes en bleu rose orange-rouge et jaune qq. trous de vers ds. le premier f. atteinte à qq. titres courants dernier f. restauré ds. la marge extérieure. Vélin rigide du XIXe siècle encadrement d'une roulette grecque dorée autour des plats dos lisse orné pièce de titre de maroquin vert tranches dorées. 140 x 93 mm. Superbe manuscrit capétien de l'école de Paris complet et de parfaite fraicheur calligraphié sur peau de vélin et enluminé avec une exquise finesse entre 1230 et 1250. Texte : Liste des Livres de la Bible : recto et verso de la première garde ; la Vulgate avec le préambule : ff. 1-599v ; Interprétation des noms hébreux : ff. 600-658. Superbe exemple des petites bibles vulgates produites à Paris au XIIIe siècle. C'est au XIIIe siècle à Paris que les maîtres de théologie de l'Université établirent ce qui devait devenir la forme standard de la Bible latine : la sélection des livres et de l'ordre de ceux-ci et leur division en chapitres établies par Stéphane Laugton et encore universellement employée l'insertion des prologues de St Jérôme et l'interprétation des noms hébreux. Toutes ces caractéristiques sont bien présentes dans cette très élégante Bible sur peau de vélin très fine. Enluminures : Chef-d'œuvre de l'atelier de Pierre de Bar actif à Paris entre 1230 et 1250 il se distingue par les teintes de ses enluminures particulièrement colorées et vives ; les habituels blancs roses et bleus sont enrichis de rouge orange et de manière plus surprenante encore par de larges zones de jaune. Cette Bible possède 78 enluminures d'une grande beauté et d'une étonnante fraicheur. Le répertoire de détails décoratifs est particulier en comparaison des autres enluminures françaises de cette époque et le feuillage comporte des petites feuilles de trèfle. Branner a attribué l'illustration du manuscrit à l'atelier parisien qui a illustré les plus remarquables manuscrits enluminés de la première moitié du XIIIe siècle l'atelier de Bar par référence au cardinal Pierre de Bar 1252 qui donna à l'abbaye de Clairvaux une Bible en quatre volumes provenant de cet atelier et conservés aujourd'hui sous les cotes Troyes Bibliothèque municipale ms. 106 108 110 et 111. On peut dater le présent manuscrit de 1230-1250. Remarquable par ses têtes larges et bien formées ; les corps sont robustes et recouverts de draperies aux plis profonds et sombres. R. Branner Manuscript Painting in Paris during the Reign of Saint Louis 1977 pp. 70-71. Il date l'activité de l'atelier de Pierre de Bar entre 1230-1250 et explique ses spécificités en suggérant la formation se son style en dehors de Paris. La décoration du manuscrit comprend 78 initiales historiées enluminées et d'innombrables capitales rubriquées en rouge ou bleu. Cette bible très séduisante semble avoir été réalisée à Paris ; elle représente un ajout intéressant à la production d'un atelier considéré par Branner comme produisant certaines des enluminures parisiennes les plus belles et les plus raffinées de la première moitié du XIIIe siècle. On assiste à partir des années 1220-1230 sous le règne de la reine Blanche de Castille à une concentration des artistes enlumineurs à Paris au détriment des abbayes et des écoles capitulaires de province. On peut en effet imputer plusieurs manuscrits à Blanche de Castille qui inaugura la tradition du mécénat féminin dans la famille royale. Mais l'apogée de ces célèbres petites bibles capétiennes se situe sous le règne de Saint Louis. Les sujets des initiales historiées sont les suivants : f. l St Jerome Prologue ; f. 4 Les 7 jours de la Création Genèse ; f. 27 Moïse conduit son peuple à travers la Mer Rouge Exode ; f. 43 les Juifs offrent un sacrifice ; f. 54 Moïse preche ; f. 72 Moise reçoit les tables de la Loi ; f. 89 Dieu s'adresse à Joshua ; f. 99 Gédéon tient son épée ; f. 110 Elimelech et Naomi migrent à Moab Ruth ; f. 112v Décapitation d'Eli ; f. 128 Décapitation d'Amalekite devant David ; f. 141 le serviteur de David lui amène Abishag ; f. 155v Ahaziah tombe d'une tour ; f. 170v Les trois juifs patriarches ; f. 185 Salomon intronisé ; f. 202 La Construction du Temple ; f. 207 Néhémie présentant la coupe d'or à Artaxerxès ; f. 213v Aspersion du Temple ; f. 220v Tobias ; f. 225v Judith décapitant Holopherne ; f. 232 Assuérus se montre clément envers Esther ; f. 238v Job sur le tas de fumier ; f. f. 251 David joue de la harpe ; f. 256 onction de David par Samuel ; f. 258v David montre sa bouche ; f. f. 261 fou tenant le bâton et le pain psaume 52 ; f. 264 Dieu au-dessus David dans l'eau dessous Psaume 68 ; f. 268 David sonnant les cloches Psaume 80 ; f. 271v Deux chanteurs Psaume 97 ; f. 275 La Trinité Psaume 109 ; f. 283v Salomon fouette un jeune ; f. 294v Salomon enseigne à un jeune ; f. 298 La Vierge et l'Enfant intronisé ; f. 299v Salomon et un jeune portant une épée ; f. 307v Ecclésia ; f. 328 Isaïe est scié en deux ; f. 353 Lapidation ; f. 381 Baruch écrivant ; f. 384v Ezéchiel au lit avec le Tétramorphe ; f. 412 Daniel dans la fosse aux lions ; f. 423v Osée et Gomer ; f. 427v Joel prechant à un groupe de juifs ; f. 429v Amos offre le mouton ; f. 432v Dieu apparait à Obadiah ; f. 433v Jonas dans la bouche de la baleine ; f. 434v le Prophète enseignant ; f. 437 Nahum se lamente sur la chute de Nineveh ; f. 438v Habakuk et les pierres ; f. 440 le Prophète avec son rouleau ; f. 441v Deux Prophètes ; f. 442v Prophète ; f. 447 Deux hommes en discussion ; f. 449 Décapitation du juif idolâtre ; f. 466 le Messager livre la lettre ; f. 478v l'Arbre de Jessé ; f. 494v Saint Marc avec le lion ; f. 505 Saint Luc avec l'ange ; f. 521v Saint Jean ; f. 535 Saint Paul portant la croix ; f. 541 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 546v Saint Paul portant une épée et un rouleau ; f. 551 Saint Paul portant une épée et un livre ; f. 555 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 556v Saint Paul portant une épée et un livre ; f. 555 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 556v Saint Paul portant une apée et un livre ; f. 558 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 559 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 560 Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 561v Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. f. 562v Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 561v Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 562v Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 563v Saint Paul portant une épée ; f. 564 Deux hommes en discussion ; f. 568v. Ascension ; f. 585 Jacob tenant un livre ; f. 586v Saint Pierre assis tenant un livre ; f. 588 Saint Pierre tenant une clef ; f. 589 Saint Jean écrivant ; f. 590v Saint Jean ; f. 591 Saint Jean ; f. 591 Saint Jude ; f. 592 Saint Jean écrivant. Cette bible complète datée de 1230-1250 est un chef-d'œuvre de l'enluminure capétienne réalisée sous le règne de Saint Louis. Provenance : - Jean Tornone : docteur bouguignon : inscription au verso de la garde mentionnant son présent du livre à Stroyff. - Assuerus Stroyff : inscription mentionnant sa réception du livre par Tornone puis son présent à Johan Baron de Bronckhorst. - Johan Baron de Bronckhorst et Batenburg de Guelders : inscription datée de 1574 mentionnant sa réception du livre. hardcover
1505ref. ST21080Northern France probably Paris ca. 1505-10. 213 x 137 mm. 8 3/8 x 5 3/8". Single column 25 lines in a gothic hand. i 123 leaves. COMPLETE. Contents: blank f. i; Calendar f. 1r; Gospel Lessons f. 13r; Passion according to John f. 17r; "Obsecro te" and "O Intemerata" f. 23v; Hours of the Virgin f. 28r; Hours of the Cross f. 69r; Hours of the Holy Spirit 71v; Seven Penitential Psalms f. 75r; Litanies f. 82r; Office of the Dead f. 88r; Suffrages 114r; ruled blank f. 123. SPECTACULAR NEAR-CONTEMPORARY LYONNAISE BINDING OF POLISHED CALF VERY DENSELY GILT covers with a central oval filled with diamond-shaped tools surrounded by an intricate strapwork pattern incorporating acanthus and three heads at the top and bottom two with helmets looking sideways one more prominent staring ferociously straight on the negative space densely azured appearing from a distance as if entirely filled with gold raised bands spine compartments gilt with door-handle tools floral motifs and sawtooth borders edges gauffered and gilt later 17th century endpapers lacking ties. Rubrics in deep pink line fillers in red and blue with gilt embellishments numerous one-line initials in gold on red or blue ground many two-line initials in mauve or blue with white embellishment most enclosing a flower or two on painted gold ground EACH PAGE WITH A FULL BORDER consisting of a plain gold bar on three sides and a painted gold panel containing colorful flowers acanthus and the occasional banner WITH 21 SMALL MINIATURES each measuring between 30-50 mm. tall and 18 FULL-PAGE MINIATURES framed by a gilt and painted architectural border and accompanied by a three- or four-line initial with opening text on a banner the initial painted mauve or blue with white embellishment enclosing colorful flowers on painted gold ground the subjects of the large miniatures being: St. John on Patmos f. 13r; Agony in the Garden f. 17r; The Temptation of Adam and Eve f. 27v; Annunciation f. 28r; Visitation f. 34v; Nativity 41v; Annunciation to the Shepherds f. 44v; Adoration of the Magi f. 47v; Presentation in the Temple f. 50r; Flight into Egypt f. 52v; Coronation of the Virgin f. 57r; Christ Carrying the Cross f. 68v; Crucifixion f. 69r; Pentecost f. 71v; Bathsheba Bathing f. 74v; David and Uriah f. 75r; Job on the Dung Heap f. 88r; Trinity f. 114r. Front pastedown with book label of W. H. Corfield armorial label of "H C M" or perhaps "F C M" and a pasted-in piece of paper with early 19th century notes about the manuscript written in French. Joints with a little wear and flaking minor rubbing to edges and corners but the binding entirely sound and in a remarkable state of preservation glistening with gilt. A few small marginal holes where the vellum has thinned a couple miniatures with light flaking or rubbing to the architectural border a handful of trivial smudges to borders but the contents in fine condition being extraordinarily clean and fresh and the miniatures extremely well preserved. IN EXCEPTIONALLY FINE AND PLEASING CONDITION INSIDE AND OUT. Complete in a memorable 16th century binding and boasting a large and particularly appealing program of miniatures this splendid Parisian Book of Hours was produced by a highly skilled workshop for a patron of means and comes down to us in extraordinarily fine condition. The style of the miniatures closely resembles that of Jean Coene IV active ca. 1490-1520 an artist who hailed from a long line of manuscript illuminators originally from Bruges but active in Paris from the early 15th century. Identified by Isabelle Delaunay and Eberhard König and dubbed the "Master of the Paris Entries" Coene was a prolific artist who according to Peter Kidd "was perhaps particularly known to contemporary patrons for his ability to create new compositions." His versatility as an artist is demonstrated by the variety of volumes to which he contributed including histories voyages and Royal Entry books the latter earning him his sobriquet in addition to devotional works such as the Book of Hours seen here. Although the artist is known to have collaborated with famed Parisian illuminator Jean Pichore on several occasions see for example British Library MS Sloane 2418 Coene had his own style readily identifiable through his unique use of rich colors; sharp black outlines; modeled faces with half-closed eyes; thin eyebrows; pert mouths that turn slightly downward; and the generous application of liquid gold highlights particularly on garments and hair. Like most professional workshops of the period the Coene atelier was capable of producing work of varying quality which often depended on the wealth and needs of the patron; this work clearly a premium production shows none of the shortcuts one might expect in a more hurried execution. The consistently accomplished level of painterly skill as well as the harmony of the compositions here indicate a highly practiced hand. We can see the painter's proficiency for example in considerable delicacy and detail showing up in various places: the lace-like angel's wings in the Annunciation the carefully delineated sheep in the Annunciation to the Shepherds the various headdresses of earthly and heavenly rulers and particularly in the meticulously defined and intricately realized architectural frames. Additional pleasing features include the liquid gold application highlighting tresses and garments throughout the manuscript as well as the frequent and immensely agreeable appearance of an intensely rich red-orange. Of special note are the three openings in which miniatures face each other in logical pairs: Adam and Eve about to fall from grace facing the Annunciation where birth of mankind's savior is announced Carrying the Cross facing the Crucifixion and the bathing Bathsheba facing the lustful David who is apparently plotting the death of Bathsheba's luckless husband Uriah in battle. Pairings such as these are rarely encountered they make quite a grand statement they provide a reinforcing element to the biblical narrative and they highlight both the artist's talents and the patron's deep pockets. While many of the miniatures contain traditional subject matter we are also treated to some less frequently encountered scenes including the Garden of Gethsemane and the aforementioned Temptation of Adam and Eve. In addition the miniatures feature some noteworthy visual moments that demonstrate the artist's willingness to push beyond traditional iconography. In John on Patmos for example the Virgin and child unexpectedly appear in the sky bathed in brilliance; in the Nativity the ox and ass are front and center their heads bent nearly to the ground their mouths half open and within inches of the Christ Child a combination of curiosity and menace; and in the Flight into Egypt the Virgin whose central emotion is surely fear for her child has a sunhat almost rakishly tied around her neck. This last detail seems surely to derive from the Dürer engraving of the same subject done in 1503/04--a connection that is useful in more precisely dating the manuscript. What sets this manuscript apart even more than the nature and accomplishment of its decoration is its exceptionally fine condition with next to no signs of use internally and with an entirely unrestored period binding with its antique appeal undimmed by time. Probably dating to around 1550 the Lyonnaise binding is of very special interest brimming with gold and featuring an elaborate design incorporating unusual glowering faces. The earliest indication of ownership of this manuscript is seen in its 19th century armorial bookplate with the motto "Audentes Fortuna Juvat" "Fortune Favors the Brave" and the monogram "H C M" or "F C M". A Breviary at the Huntington mssHM 1077 with the same bookplate they say "H C M" is attributed to the Mackinnon family. A more certain provenance comes from the bookplate of W. H. Corfield 1843-1903 the first professor of hygiene and public health at University College London. Given his ownership of the present manuscript it is unsurprising that as a bibliophile he was recognized especially as a connoisseur of early bindings. Quaritch purchased our manuscript for the handsome sum of £126 at the auction of Corfield's library on 21 November 1904 lot 257 and we have been able to trace subsequent ownership to Thomas Fechnay Harvey 1879-1970 of Pennsylvania who gave the manuscript to his daughter Margaret J. Harvey 1910-84 of Philadelphia who in turn gave it as a wedding gift in 1972 to the person who sold it to us. We have found no record after 1904 or in fact before that date of the manuscript's being offered for public sale suggesting that it has been in private hands for well over a century. unknown
