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Touring Minstrel Circuits and Racial Caricature in Sheet Music and Advertising Ephemera 1897-1915

1902ref. 220121902. Minstrelsy Archive of minstrel sheet music and ephemera documenting the role of blackface performance and racial caricature in American popular music during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Josephine My Jo. Words by R.C. McPherson; music by Jas. T. Brymn 1902 appears alongside a group of minstrel and ragtime-era compositions and a touring advertisement for Culligan and Morgan's Alabama Minstrels establishing a concentrated record of how African American identity was constructed marketed and circulated as commercial entertainment. These materials are tied to vaudeville circuits Tin Pan Alley publishing and traveling minstrel troupes including works associated with Lew Dockstader's Minstrels. Brymn an African American composer who later led the 350th Field Artillery Regiment Band during World War I represents the constrained presence of Black musicians working within a white-dominated industry reliant on the mass acceptance of racist tropes and widely disseminated caricatured imagery and dialect performance. Archive consists of 9 items: 8 pieces of large-format sheet music and 1 minstrel tour poster dating from 1897 to approximately 1900-1915. Sheet music titles include Josephine My Jo 1902; Melissy: A Melody of Dark Town Admiration by Joseph B. Carey 1897 issued as a supplement to the San Francisco Examiner; and additional titles including Any Rags by Thos. S. Allen Smoky Mokes Bunch O' Blackberries By the Watermelon Vine Lindy Lou Whistling Rufus by Kerry Mills and Your Dad Gave His Life for His Country as performed by Lew Dockstader's Minstrels. Sheet music measures approximately 11" x 14" and retains staple-bound or disbound formats with illustrated covers. The poster for Culligan and Morgan's Alabama Minstrels printed in Ohio with illustrations by the National Press and Engraving Company of Chicago measures approximately 10.5" x 27" and survives in multiple separated sections. Across the archive cover imagery employs exaggerated racial caricatures "Darktown" themes and blackface performance conventions reflecting the visual and commercial strategies through which minstrel entertainment was promoted to national audiences. General toning edge wear and chipping present across the sheet music with occasional fragility to bindings; poster is brittle with losses and separation along folds and margins. The advert poster is separated into three pieces with text largely preserved but overall in poor form. Archive in overall good condition. The grouping provides direct primary source evidence of how blackface and minstrelsy operated as a popular form of entertainment and music production while also documenting the limited participation of African American composers within that structure and the broader transition from minstrel traditions into ragtime-era popular music. unknown