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1803réf. 31325London, Printed for J. Johnson, by T. Bensley, 1803. Large 4to. Later brown hcalf with four raised bands, single gilt lines and red leather title-label to spine. First three and last 14 leaves a bit brownspotted, title-page and last two leaves marginally repaired at hinge, otherwise a very nice, clean, and solid copy. VIII, (4), 610 pp.
1820réf. 143844London: John Murray 1820. Rare first edition of Malthus' classic work. Octavo bound in full diced morocco raised bands gilt titles and tooling to the spine front and rear panels marbled endpapers. In near fine condition. An exceptional presentation. Thomas Malthus was an English economist known for his work in the fields of political economics and demography. His theory that prosperity and production lead not to utopia but to population growth and thereby back to social imbalance known as the "Malthusian trap" was expounded in his Essay on the Principle of Population 1789 one of his most notable and debated works. His Principles of Political Economy was written as a polemic against David Ricardo's On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation and Say's Law arguing that demand did not grow simultaneously with supply but that they should be analyzed independent of each other expounding ideas which became influential on Keynsian economics. Both these works were divisive incurring backlash and support amongst notable economists. The bleak message of his Principle of Population rendered Malthus a notorious figure: Ebenezer Scrooge from A Christmas Carol for example justifies his refusal to give charity as a Malthusian attempt to control the population. John Murray hardcover
1820réf. 151433London: John Murray 1820. First edition. The book was conceived as a series of tracts rather than a comprehensive and systematic treatise though Malthus published it to establish his own position against that of Ricardo with whom he had been having an ongoing debate about the nature of labour demand and profit. "In his 'Principles of Political Economy' Malthus was proposing investment in public work and private luxury as a means of increasing effective demand and hence as a palliative to economic distress. The nation he thought must balance the power to produce and the will to consume" DSB. "The Principles had only a limited impact at the time and was severely criticized by J. R. McCulloch and Ricardo; the latter prepared extensive critical notes. But more recently it has received greater recognition largely as a result of the comments by J. M. Keynes in the 1930s. Keynes argued that Malthus's theory of effective demand provided a scientific explanation of unemployment and that the hundred-year domination of Ricardo over Malthus had been a disaster for the progress of economics. Keynes believed that if economics had followed Malthus instead of being constrained by Ricardo in an artificial groove the world would be a much wiser and richer place" ODNB. Octavo. Uncut and unopened in the original drab paper-backed blue boards printed paper spine label. Housed in a dark blue quarter morocco solander box by the Chelsea Bindery. Engraved book plate "Bibliothèque de Mr de Barante" to front pastedown paper library shelf label to foot of spine. Head of spine chipped front joint cracked rear joint cracked at head spine label a little chipped all still very strong; a very good copy. Goldsmiths' 22767; Kress C.577. hardcover
1798réf. 116955London: J. Johnson 1798. First edition of this cornerstone text of modern economics. Octavo bound in three quarters calf. Laid in is a clipping from an original manuscript signed by Malthus and entirely in his hand which reads in part "If at one time such a given product would make an effectual demand for certain commodities the conditions of the supply of which are supposed to remain the same it would immediately cease to make such effectual." Signed by Malthus in the lower right corner "Malthus." The verso features two further partial lines of text relating to supply and demand. In near fine condition. First editions of Malthus' magnum opus are exceptionally scarce. “Malthus was one of the founders of modern economics. His Essay was originally the product of a discussion on the perfectibility of society with his father who urged him to publish. Thus the first edition published anonymously was essentially a fighting tract but later editions were considerably altered and grew bulkier as Malthus defended his views against a host of critics… The Essay was highly influential in the progress of thought in early 19th-century Europe and his influence on social policy was considerable… Both Darwin and Wallace clearly acknowledged Malthus as a source of the idea of ‘the struggle for existence” PMM 251. J. Johnson unknown