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America's Oldest Legislative Assembly & Its Jamestown Statehouses; National Park Service Interpretative Series History No. 2

1956ref. 82112Washington DC: United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 1956. Revised Edition. Wraps. Good. 4 46 2 pages. Occasional footnotes. Illustrations. Bibliography. Appendix I and II. Decorative cover. Cover has some wear and soiling. Signature of H. Langley on title page acquired as part of Langley's impressive library from his estate. Harold David Langley 15 February 1925 - 29 July 2020 was an American diplomatic and naval historian who served as associate curator of naval history at the Smithsonian Institution from 1969 to 1996. As a naval historian he was a pioneer in exploring American naval social and medical history. Langley began his professional career at the Library of Congress Manuscripts Division in Washington D.C. where he served as a manuscripts assistant in 1951-52 while a graduate student. Moving to the University of Pennsylvania Libraries in Philadelphia Pennsylvania where he was a graduate student he served as a manuscripts specialist rare book collection 1952-54. Returning to the Library of Congress he was a manuscripts specialist there in 1954-55. In 1955 Marywood College in Scranton appointed him assistant professor of history. He remained there until 1957 when he received an appointment as a diplomatic historian in the U.S. Department of State. In 1964 Catholic University of America appointed him associate professor and in 1968 promoted him to full professor in 1968. In 1969 the Smithsonian Institution appointed him associate curator of naval history. While holding that position he was an adjunct professor of American history at the Catholic University of America from 1971 to 2001. The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the northeast bank of the James Powhatan River about 2.5 mi 4 km southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg. It was established by the Virginia Company of London as "James Fort" on May 4 1607 O.S. May 14 1607 N.S. and was considered permanent after a brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts including the Lost Colony of Roanoke established in 1585 on Roanoke Island later part of North Carolina. Jamestown served as the colonial capital from 1616 until 1699. Despite the dispatch of more settlers and supplies including the 1608 arrival of eight Polish and German colonists and the first two European women more than 80 percent of the colonists died in 1609-10 mostly from starvation and disease. In mid-1610 the survivors abandoned Jamestown though they returned after meeting a resupply convoy in the James River. The London Company's second settlement in Bermuda claims to be the site of the oldest town in the English New World as St. George's Bermuda was officially established in 1612 as New London whereas James Fort in Virginia was not converted into James Towne until 1619 and further did not survive to the present day. In 1676 Jamestown was deliberately burned during Bacon's Rebellion though it was quickly rebuilt. In 1699 the colonial capital was moved to what is today Williamsburg Virginia; Jamestown ceased to exist as a settlement. In 1932 George C. Gregory while investigating the old townsite on Jamestown Island encountered below ground the ruined foundations of a 17th-century building. He identified this structure the "First Statehouse" at Jamestown—the first real capitol building—acquired by the colony in 1641. Later in 1934 and 1935 the National Park Service through its architects historians and archeologists working in Colonial National Historical Park made a complete study of this site opening and uncovering the entire structure collecting and preserving objects found in and about the ruins and preparing the results of observation and study in permanent record form for future reference. The evidence shows that this structure a three section brick building of 17th-century construction since it satisfies most of the known facts about the first statehouse is in all probability the ruins of that building. It was in the statehouse that much of the activity of the colonial government originated and from it most of that activity was directed. First and foremost the statehouse was the meeting place for the council and the elected House of Burgesses sitting as Virginia's General Assembly the oldest legislative body in English speaking America. United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service paperback

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