Physique

1938 · Best.-Nr. 009126 — Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H. 1938. First Edition . Half Leather. Good. 502 Pp. Richard C. Tolman's Copy Specially Bound In Green Cloth With Tan Leather Spine And Tips His Name In Gilt At Foot Of Spine. With His Signature "R. C. Tolman" On Top Of First Page Of Table Of Contents. First Printing 1938. Clean Spine Chipped Away 1/4" At Top With A Few Cal Tech Ex-Library Marks Blindstamps Label And A Few Traces Of Removed Labels. Richard Chace Tolman 1881 -1948 Was An American Mathematical Physicist And Physical Chemist Who Made Many Contributions To Statistical Mechanics. He Also Made Important Contributions To Theoretical Cosmology In The Years Soon After Einstein's Discovery Of General Relativity. He Was A Professor Of Physical Chemistry And Mathematical Physics At The California Institute Of Technology Caltech. Tolman Studied Chemical Engineering At The Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Receiving His Bachelor's Degree In 1903 And Ph.D. In 1910 Under A. A. Noyes. In 1912 He Conceived Of The Concept Of Relativistic Mass Writing That "The Expression Is Best Suited For The Mass Of A Moving Body. In A 1916 Experiment With Thomas Dale Stewart Tolman Demonstrated That Electricity Consists Of Electrons Flowing Through A Metallic Conductor. A By-Product Of This Experiment Was A Measured Value Of The Mass Of The Electron.4 Overall However He Was Primarily Known As A Theorist.Tolman Was A Member Of The Technical Alliance In 1919 A Forerunner Of The Technocracy Movement Where He Helped Conduct An Energy Survey Analyzing The Possibility Of Applying Science To Social And Industrial Affairs.Tolman Was Elected A Fellow Of The American Academy Of Arts And Sciences In 1922. The Same Year He Joined The Faculty Of The California Institute Of Technology Where He Became Professor Of Physical Chemistry And Mathematical Physics And Later Dean Of The Graduate School. One Of Tolman's Early Students At Caltech Was The Theoretical Chemist Linus Pauling To Whom Tolman Taught The Old Quantum Theory.In 1927 Tolman Published A Text On Statistical Mechanics Whose Background Was The Old Quantum Theory Of Max Planck Niels Bohr And Arnold Sommerfeld.9 In 1938 He Published A New Detailed Work That Covered The Application Of Statistical Mechanics To Classical And Quantum Systems. It Was The Standard Work On The Subject For Many Years And Remains Of Interest Today.In The Later Years Of His Career Tolman Became Increasingly Interested In The Application Of Thermodynamics To Relativistic Systems And Cosmology. An Important Monograph He Published In 1934 Titled Relativity Thermodynamics And Cosmology12 Demonstrated How Black Body Radiation In An Expanding Universe Cools But Remains Thermal - A Key Pointer Toward The Properties Of The Cosmic Microwave Background.13 Also In This Monograph Tolman Was The First Person To Document And Explain How A Closed Universe Could Equal Zero Energy. He Explained How All Mass Energy Is Positive And All Gravitational Energy Is Negative And They Cancel Each Other Out Leading To A Universe Of Zero Energy.13 His Investigation Of The Oscillatory Universe Hypothesis Which Alexander Friedmann Had Proposed In 1922 Drew Attention To Difficulties As Regards Entropy And Resulted In Its Demise Until The Late 1960S. During World War Ii Tolman Served As Scientific Advisor To General Leslie Groves On The Manhattan Project. At The Time Of His Death In Pasadena He Was Chief Advisor To Bernard Baruch The U.S. Representative To The United Nations Atomic Energy Commission.Each Year The Southern California Section Of The American Chemical Society Honors Tolman By Awarding Its Tolman Medal "In Recognition Of Outstanding Contributions To Chemistry. Tolman's Brother Was The Behavioral Psychologist Edward Chace Tolman. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H. hardcover