Théorie

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CAVENDISH, HENRY - WEIGHING THE WORLD - THE MOST IMPORTENT ADDITION TO GRAVITATION THEORY SINCE NEWTONBiblio.com

Versuche über die Dichtigkeit der Erde zu Bestimmen. Erläutert vom Herausgegeber Gilbert. Experiments to determine the Density of the Earth.

1799réf. 43865Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1799. Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 2 Erstes Stück. The entire issue offered. Titlepage to vol. 2. Pp. 1-118 a. 2 folded engraved plates. Cavendish's paper: pp. 1-62. the torsion balance of Michell shown on the plates. First German edition of Cavendish's famous paper in which he calculated the weight of the earth and determined its mass. He also as the first observed gravitational motion of minute portions of matter. He estimates the earth's mass to 66 x 10 to the potential of 24 kg. The original paper "Experiments to determine the Density of the Earth" appeared in Philosophical Transaction 1798."Cavendish published five papers between 1784 and 1809.With one exception they were comparatively minor productions.The exception was his determination of the density of the earth or weighing of the world in 1798 by means of John Michell's torsion balance. The apparatus consisted of two lead balls on either end of a suspended beam; these movable balls were attracted by a pair of stationary lead balls. Cavendish calculated the the force of attraction between the balls fro the observed period of oscillation of the balance and deduced the density of the earth from the force. He found it to be 5.48 times that of water. Cavendish was the first to observe gravitational motions induced by comparatively minute portions of ordinary matter.By weighing the world he rendered the law of gravitation complete. The law was no longer a proportionally statement but a quantitatively exact one; this was the most importent addition to the science of gravitation since Newton."DSB III p. 158. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark3 500,00 DKK≈ 468,25 €

HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von - FOUNDING THE MODERN THEORY OF COLOURBiblio.com

Ueber Hrn. Brewster's neue Analyse des Sonnenlichts.

1852réf. 43564Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1852. Without wrappers as issued in "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff" Dritte Reihe Bd. 26 Achtes Stück.= Heft No. 8 of 1852. The entire issue No. 8 offered. Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine. First appearance of this founding paper in the modern theory of colour in which Helmholtz proved the surprising fact that there are only two among the colours of the spectrum yellow and indigo-blue which together yields pure white that is are complementary to each other whereas their combination had always been supposed to produce green."Helmholtz turned to the intricate problems of color vision in 1852 with an attack on Sir David Brewster's new theory of light. Brewster had maintained the objective reality of three primary colors by supposing in opposition to Newton that there exist three distinct kinds of light each of which excites in the eye one of the sensations red yellow or blue. Helmholtz regarded the theory as still another confusion of physical stimulus and subjective responce.He also revived Young's theory of color visoin.only to refute it. He had discovered that spectral colors when mixed always yield a duller color of less-than-spectral saturation. Therefore the whole idea that all colors may be obtained from mixtures of three primary colors must be incorrect he concluded for the spectral colorss at least can never be obtained in their full saturation by mixing any three of their number.Although Helmholtz dismissed Young's theory in 1852 by 1858 he had changed his mind and become its formost advocate. In order to save Ypoung's theory.Helmholtz asumed that Young's physiological primaries are not spectral colors att all but colors of far greater-than-spectral saturation."DSB VI pp. 246-247. Garrison & Morton 1508. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark3 500,00 DKK≈ 468,25 €

[COLOUR THEORY -- NEWSPAPER PRINTING INKS].Biblio.com

Cal Ink newspaper colors: including ANPAA-AAAA standard and process colors. Catalog No. 5710.

1950réf. 64391San Francisco West Berkeley & Los Angeles CA: California Ink Co. Inc. ca. 1950. 4to. 6 pp unpaginated. on thick boards w/ metal-comb bindings at gutter margin & upper fore-edge w/ 66 gradated colour swatches organized into 4 columns on two leaves; w/ 63 handy “Tear-off Swatches” showing the Cal Ink colour chart and available for swatches to be torn off and matched w/ all present except for original base piece of “M704” showing that it was a popular colour for Cal Ink clients. Self-printed colour-illustrated boards colour wheel on front cover covers printed & illustrated in colour minor scuffing remnants of old label partially affecting colour wheel slight scuffing edgewear still VG bright copy. First edition thus of this wonderfully printed and inventive colour ink sample catalogue for colour newspaper inks developed specially for the newly introduced American Newspaper Publishers Association & American Association Advertising Agencies colour standards. Prior to their initial studies and reports newspapers were often published with muddy misaligned and very inaccurate colours and formed a committee which by 1951 had produced specific standards on colour inks for comics cartoon strips and colour advertising in newspapers. This catalogue advertises with the California Ink Company’s Process Standard Colours Intermix Colours and finally the Cal Ink Standard R.O.P. Run-of-Paper colours. The section on “Handy Tear-off Swatches” provides an excellent colour chart as well as actual colour samples which could be ordered at the time from California Ink.The firm was founded in 1891 in Los Angeles as a Union Oil Co. subsidiary and moved to San Francisco in 1896 by E.L. Hueter and managed by Lewars b. 1866 who along with others in the company opened the office in their factory at West Berkeley following the 1906 Earthquake & Fire which destroyed their records. In 1919 the company was reincorporated and purchased by Graham Shattuck Reed & Nathan. They developed a white ink for marking bees perfumed ink for use in advertising were main suppliers of pigment colours and varnishes on the West Coast and developed the first “Litho Red” ink made in the U.S.k and developed the first magnetic inks for check imprinting in 1950. No copies located in Worldcat; See: Susan Cerny California Ink Co. Industrial Site 1326-1404 Fourth Street Berkeley CA Berkeley Landmarks 2019. California Ink Co., Inc. hardcover

Zephyr Used & Rare Books · États-Unis550,00 $US≈ 490,41 €

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