Théorie

1866 · rif. 42764 — London Taylor and Francis 1866. Large 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London." Vol. 156 - Part I. Pp. 249-268 a. 1 lithographed plate. A few brownspots to the plate. Having the titlepage to vol. 156 - Part I. A few brownspots to lower margins. First appearance of a major paper in the kinetic theory of gases in which Maxwell proved that the viscosity was independent of pressure as predicted and nearly a linear function of the absolute temperature T.One of Maxwell's major investigations was on the kinetic theory of gases. Originating with Daniel Bernoulli this theory was advanced by the successive labours of John Herapath John James Waterston James Joule and particularly Rudolf Clausius to such an extent as to put its general accuracy beyond a doubt; but it received enormous development from Maxwell who in this field appeared as an experimenter on the laws of gaseous friction as well as a mathematician."James Clerk Maxwell published a famous paper in 1866 the paper offered using the kinetic theory of gases to study gaseous viscosity. The internal friction the viscosity of the gas is determined by the probability a particle of layer A enters layer B with a corresponding transfer of momentum. Maxwell's calculations showed him that the viscosity coefficient is proportional to both the density the mean free path and the mean velocity of the atoms. On the other hand the mean free path is inversely proportional to the density. So an increase of pressure doesn't result in any change of the viscosity. unknown