‎Turquie - ottoman empire‎

‎AGADA DE PESAH / PASSOVER].‎

‎The Haggada: With a revised English translation and illustrations.= Seder Hagada shel Pesah.‎

‎Very Good English Paperback. Cr. 8vo. (20 x 14 cm). In Hebrew and English. 64 p., b/w ills. The Haggada: With a revised English translation and illustrations.= Seder Hagada shel Pesah. With the compliments of the Jerusalem Plaza.‎

‎ADRIANOPLE PHOTOGRAPHS.‎

‎[1947 ADRIANOPLE] [A collection including nine original photographs of Edirne and its architectural monuments taken in a travel].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original 9 b/w photos of Edirne showing mostly Turkish and Islamic architectural monuments in the city taken during a travel. 6,5x9 cm. All photos have manuscript descriptive texts by pencil in verso. 1-) Bayezid Mosque: Courtyard and enrance gate. 2-) A fine view from Bayezidiye districtof Edirne. 3-) Garden of Selimiye Mosque. 4-) A view from Selimiye Mosque's minarette. 5-) An artistic view of Selimiye Mosque and their minarettes. 6-) A view from Selimiye minarette. 7-) A view from Selimiye minarette. 8-) A classic Turkish house in Edirne in traditional architectural style. 9-) A view of the Museum from Selimiye minarette. Dated April, 1947.‎

‎BURSA - BROUSSA PHOTOGRAPHS.‎

‎[OTTOMAN ARCHITECTURE] [Early photograph of ceiling decoration detail of Yesil Mosque in Bursa]‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original two sepia toned photographs showing the ceiling decoration detail and decoration between two windows detail of Yesil Mosque in Bursa. 19,5x24,5 cm. Decription in Ottoman script on verso. No photographer.‎

‎HASAN BAHAR.‎

‎Demirçaginda Konya ve çevresi.‎

‎Fine English Paperback. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 17 cm). In Turkish. [vi], 104 p., 50 numerous color plts., 1 color map. Demirçaginda Konya ve çevresi. Konya and environment in Iron Age.‎

‎YIRMIBESINCI FIRKA KUMANDANI SÜKRÜ ALI-?- [ÖGEL], (Ottoman colonel and Turkish politician), (1886-1973).‎

‎[MANUSCRIPT ON THE TURKISH / OTTOMAN AVIATION] Avci tayyare faaliyetlerinin esâsâti [.] [i.e. Activities of a fighter aircraft and other(s) with chapograph print and separate notes].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Paperback. Demy 8vo. (21,5 x 17,5 cm). Manuscript book and 2 pp. separate notes on 'Mintikalarin piyade tayyare hizmetlerini teftisi hakkindaki raporlara mutalaât' [i.e. Regarding the reports on the inspection of the areas for infantry aircraft services] sized 33x21,5 cm; and 1 chapograph print including a fighter aircraft details and illustration (sized oblong: 18x23 cm) All texts in Ottoman Turkish with some German titles. It seems that education was in German and Turkish languages. [7], [2], [1] p. A fine collection. Manuscript including the titles: Activities of a fighter aircraft.; "Emr-i ahz"s of fighter aircrafts.; The order of fighter aircrafts.; Fleet commander of fighter aircrafts and a scheme titled 'Bir ordunun vahim bir safha-yi harbde telefon tesisati sebekesidir' [i.e. Telephone network of an army in a difficult war situation] bilingual with a German title as well as 'Beispiel der Fernsprechverbindungen inner halb der Jagdstaffeln einer Armee an einer Haupstadtkampffent'. Other German titles in the text: Koft. Kommandeur der Flieger, Gruft.Gruppenführer.; Jagdstaffel.; Der Einsatz des Jagdgeschfaders.; Für den Einsatz seiner Staffeln.; Leftherschaft.; Abhördienst F.T.- Verkehr. Sükrü Ali Ögel was born in 1886 and In 1909, he graduated from the Military Academy as a lieutenant. He was commandant of the 25th Division of the Ottoman Army in 1915. He served on the Western Front Staff Committee in the Turkish War of Independence. On December 25, 1926, he was appointed as the National Police Service Director, where he participated in the foundation studies. "The history of Turkish military aviation dates back to 1909 when French aviators were invited to Istanbul to perform demonstrations and the Ottoman High Command began with studies in this field. On December 2 the same year, Turkish skies welcomed the first ever aircraft, when, upon the invitation of the Minister of War, Mahmut Sevket Pasha, a Belgian pilot named Baron de Catters came to Istanbul and performed an exhibition flight with his Voisin biplane. At the end of 1910, a decision was made by the Ottoman High Command to send officers to Europe to be trained as pilots; however due to the financial difficulties faced the Empire at that time, this plan had to be postponed. Only a handful of Turkish students residing in Paris attended flight schools and obtained their certificates there. Mahmut Sevket Pasha could anticipate the importance of military aviation [.] When the Ottoman Empire entered the World War, it had only seven planes and ten pilots available. As soon as the Empire found itself in war, the Russians launched an offensive in the Caucasus front and the Third Army stationed there requested aircraft that would fly reconnaissance flights. Two Bleriot planes named Edremit and Tarik bin Ziyad to be flown by Fesa Bey and Salim Bey were loaded on a transport ship, which was eventually sunk by Russians. The aircraft were lost and the pilots were taken prisoner, ending up in prisoner camps in Siberia. Responding to a request from the Ottoman High Command, a number of German pilots visited the Ottoman Air Force in 1915 and Turkish officers began to be sent to Germany for flight training. At the same time, Cpt. Erich Serno from the German Air Force was given the task of reforming the Turkish military aviation. He came with 12 planes, pilots, technicians, and he was appointed as the director of the Flight School. In those early years of the war, there were serious problems with regard to the transportation of the planes from Germany to Turkey. Germany was in war with Serbia, whereas Bulgaria and Romania remained neutral, which meant that the land routes were blocked. For this reason, aircraft were taken to Southern Hungary by train and then flown to Turkey. It was only after Serbia was defeated and Bulgaria entered the war on the side of the Central Powers that these logistics problems were solved. German contribution in terms of both aircraft and pilots pl‎

‎KADIZÂDE MEHMED EL-MÜFTÎ BI-ERZURUM [ARIF ERZURUMÎ / ISPIRÎ], (Ottoman / Turkish qadi of Erzurum, scholar), (?-1759).‎

‎[Original manuscript fetawa from 18th century].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original manuscript (handwritten) fetawa on paper with 'ahar'. 22x11 cm. In Ottoman script. [Original manuscript fetawa from 18th century]. Text: Nes'elüke'l-hidâyete ve't-tevfik; Bu mesele beyâninda eimme-i Hanefiyye'den cevâb ne veçhîledir ki; Zeyd, Amr'a ver deyû Bekir'e su kadar akçe virdükten sonra Bekir, mablâg-i mezbûru Amr'a virmeyüb kendi masrafina sarfla istihlâk eylese Bekir'e zaman lâzim olur mu beyân buyurula? El-cevâb: Allâhu te'âlâ a'lem, Olur. Men istehleke mâle'l-gayri fe-aleyhi zamânühû. Mine's-Suara. Ketebehu Kazi-zâde Mehmed el-Müftî bi-Erzurum.'. No date. Including seven lines with its 'ketebe'. It is not known when Kadizâde Mehmed Ârif Efendi was born in Erzurum. It is also known for its "Ispirî" and "Erzurumî" monikers. Kadizâde, who received his basic education in Ispir, completed the madrasah in Erzurum and received a consent. Kadizâde, who returned to Erzurum after receiving his second conscience in Istanbul, was appointed as a professor at Sultaniye Madrasah. While he was working as a professor, he also worked as a mufti of Erzurum. Since he was a mufti in Erzurum for 15 years, he started to be mentioned with his nickname 'El-Muftî'. Kadizâde, who was a classical Ottoman scholar and promoted his works in Arabic; he wrote many treatises in the fields of qalam, fiqh, hadith, tafsir, Arabic language and sufism. His 340-leaf "Bahru'l fetâvâ" work, which he completed in 30 years and wrote the source of each fatwa, is important in terms of his scientific accumulation.‎

‎DOKTOR NAMI, (A Turkish/ Ottoman Freemason and doctor), (19.-20th century).‎

‎[MANUSCRIPT] Ma.:.luk [Masonluk] hakkinda duygu ve düsüncelerim. [i. e. My feelings and thoughts on Freemasonry].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original manuscript on freemasonry. 28x21 cm. In Ottoman script (Turkish with Arabic letters). 3 p. Chipped on margins, folded. Otherwise a very good manuscript. Written on a paper watermarked "Labor: Extra Strong Bank". It includes "How should a Mason be and act?", it gives some hints on the last Ottoman Freemasonry. The history of Freemasonry in Turkey stretches back to the 18th century under Ottoman imperial rule. The first lodge in Turkey was probably established around 1721 in Istanbul by Levantines. Although Freemasonry in Turkey can be traced into the 18th century, for much of that time it was limited to lodges under the jurisdiction of foreign grand lodges, and there was no independent Turkish Grand Lodge. This changed in 1856 when the first Turkish Grand Lodge was established. Sultan Murad V was a member of the lodge, becoming the first and only Ottoman sultan to join. This first Grand Lodge was banned in 1876 by Murad's successor Sultan Abdulhamit Han. The Grand Lodge came back in 1909 in Istanbul under a new administration. Because the Grand Lodge was used to operate in secret, it was closed again in 1922, only to be opened in the year 1925 again. In 1935 the Grand Lodge has closed again. As a result of the repeated closures, the former Grand Lodge and its members were reluctant to support Kemal Atatürk's reformist policies. (Source: Wikipedia). No information about Dr. Nami.‎

‎LÜTFULLAH SURURI [ERULUÇ], (Turkish Tenor, First Turkish Founder of Operette in Turkey and Husband First Muslim operette prima donna, and Father of Gülriz Sururi), (1904-1967).‎

‎Autograph letter signed 'Lütfullah' sent to Vasfi Riza Zobu.‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original autograph letter signed as 'Lütfullah' sent to Vasfi Riza Zobu. 1 p. In Ottoman script. No letterhead. It starts as 'Aziz agabeyimiz Vasfi bey' [= Our beloved brother]. Dated February 17, 1946. Lütfullah Sururi, one of the first artists who contributed to the current level in the coming opera in Turkey. He is one of the first operetta tenors after Cemal Sahir. They performed many times together with his wife Suzan Lütfullah (the first Turkish and Muslim primadonna). He is one of the founders of the Public Operetta and Süreyya Opera House. He was the director of Istanbul Theaters until his death after his wife's death. He joined the Muhlis's Operette Ensemble (Muhlis Sabahattin Operetta Community) and took on the 'Jeune' roles, he sang tenor songs on the stage for many years. Vasfi Riza Zobu, (1902-1992), was born on December 5, 1902, in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire. He was an actor, known for Tosun Pasha (1939), Karim Beni Aldatirsa (1933) and Milyon Avcilari (1934). He died on November 23, 1992, in Istanbul, Turkey. Extremely rare.‎

‎BEDRI RUHSELMAN, (Pioneer of Neo-Spiritualism of Turkey), (1898-1960).; ALBERT BRAUN, (Violinist).; ZÜHTÜ RIZA BEY, (Turkish musician), M. ZÜHDÜ PEKTAS.‎

‎[MANUSCRIPT CONJURATION REGISTERS OF THE FIRST ELITIST NEO-SPIRITUALIST GROUP OF TURKEY] Ispiritizma masa tecrübeleri. [i.e. Experiences of Spiritualism].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original manuscript book of the registers of the conjurations sessions by the first Turkish spiritualist group. 20x15 cm. In Ottoman script (Turkish with Arabic letters). [154] p., several hand-drawn ills. Group has Bedri Ruhselman, (1898-1960), Albert Braun, (Violinist and Ruhselman's violin teacher of German origin), Hans Ianma (Violin teacher), Hasan Saadeddin Bey, (Turkish spiritualist), and Doctor Zühdü Riza Bey, (Turkish musician, Kemençe teacher, a friend of Sadeddin Arel). Dr. Bedri Ruhselman (1898-1960), the founder of NeoSpiritism and "the Experimental New Spiritism". Ruhselman's point of view and a new perspective to the concepts such as creation, spirit, afterlife, birth incarnation, and rebirth-reincarnation are pioneers in the Early Turkish Republican period. Ruhselman's empirical perspective on "afterlife", one of the most important and primary subjects of theology, has made important contributions to spiritism, out of the classical standpoint. (Source: Ruhselman and his metaphysical vision, Kestel). Albert Braun was Ruhselman's violin teacher and his friend. It's said this early spiritualist group is the pioneer and elitist of Neo-Spiritualism in Turkey. He is considered a Mission Medium, a very rare category within spiritual mediumship. By definition, every medium has a varying degree of ability to tune in to spiritual "frequencies". But not all "reception" (coming from those frequencies) convey a meaningful message (sometimes if any). While mediumship is a gift (meaning that; one either has it or not); very few mediums are actually knowledgeable in spiritual matters. They simply transfer what they capture from their sensitive channels. And once in a while, mainstream media picks on certain mediums, especially when he/she delivers sensational predictions (i.e. Edgar Cayce). Bedri Ruhselman's both interest and gift was manifested since his early childhood. He was conducting spiritual sessions when he was only 12 years old. While continuing his musical education in the Prague Conservatory, in the 1920s, he studied the pioneers of classic spiritualism like Allen Kardec, Gustave Geley, Charles Richet, Leon Denis, William Crooks and become experienced in hypnotism and spiritual sessions. He also completed his medical education and graduated as a medical doctor. In 1950 by establishing Metapsychic Investigations and Scientific Research Society, he gifted an institutional identity to Neo-Spiritualism. His true duty started in 1958 by means of spiritual sessions with a guide being from higher spiritual plans which identified itself as "The Master". Ruhselman and his carefully selected mediums received a vast amount of knowledge via these sessions during a few months. That body of knowledge has been compiled as a book, which Ruhselman never claimed any ownership (stating that it's purely a gift from the higher spiritual plan). The plan has instructed that; the book was only to be released in the future - to be identified by a certain sign. That point alone commends recognition for pure selfless devotion towards undertaken duty. If the ego was in play; one would usually do anything for fame or at least to cash on the subject. But Ruhselman completes his true duty and hands over the book for safekeeping without ever mentioning one word about the content. He passes away a few months after (1960). (Source: Indication23). This manuscript includes their registers of the conjurations sessions with some illustrations which have "table order" of the sessions at a house in Sisli, Istanbul. In the illustrations, given the locations of the goods in the room like piano, wardrobe, chair, etc. Registers including the sessions between the years of 1935-1936. Scripts were written by M. Zühdü Pektas mostly, by various fountain pens with blue and black inks. Some registers are taken by a pencil. An extremely rare stylish manuscript. Unpublished.‎

‎B. NAFIZ, (Turkish Minister of Education).; MAHMUD RAGIB KÖSEMIHAL [GAZIMIHAL], (Turkish musicologist, writer and intellectual), (1900-1961).; [AHMED] ADNAN SAYGUN, (Composer and musician who was one of the 'Turkish Fives' Group, ethnomusicologist),‎

‎Typescript document signed 'Maarif Vekili B. Nafiz' about Mahmud Ragip Kösemihal and Adnan Saygun's Anatolian travels for the compilation of Turkish music, sent to 'Musiki Muallim Mektebi'.‎

‎Very Good Turkish Original typescript (TLS) and an important historical document signed by the Minister of Education. 25x19 cm. In Turkish (Latin letters). 1 p. Sent to "Musiki Muallim Mektebi" [i.e. The school of music teachers]. A document stating that the relevant travel planned in advance and submitted to the Ministry of National Education is deemed appropriate, but stating that the relevant ministry cannot provide financial assistance. Ahmet Adnan Saygun was a Turkish composer, musicologist, and writer on music. One of a group of composers known as the Turkish Five who pioneered western classical music in Turkey, his works show a mastery of Western musical practice, while also incorporating traditional Turkish folk songs and culture. When alluding to folk elements he tends to spotlight one note of the scale and weave a melody around it, based on a Turkish mode. His extensive output includes five symphonies, five operas, two piano concertos, concertos for violin, viola, and cello, and a wide range of chamber and choral works. The Times called him "the grand old man of Turkish music, who was to his country what Jean Sibelius is to Finland, what Manuel de Falla is to Spain, and what Béla Bartók is to Hungary". Following the operas, he was neglected in Ankara State Conservatory by its founder Paul Hindemith. He moved to Istanbul as part of the theory faculty at the Istanbul Municipal Conservatory. In 1936 Béla Bartók visited Turkey to research the native folk music. Saygun accompanied Bartók on his travels around the country, collecting and transcribing folk songs all through the Anatolia and Osmaniye (a region of Adana), Turkey. Saygun gained immense knowledge of Bartók's style of writing during this trip and learned a great deal about string quartets: they became great friends. In 1939 he was invited back to Ankara to further promote Western musical activities and practices. A year later he formed his own organization, Ses ve Tel Birligi, which showcased recitals and concerts throughout the country, further developing public knowledge of Western classical music. Gazimihal was a Turkish musicologist, researcher, historian, and writer. He, who died in 1961, was also the uncle of famous pianist Idil Biret.‎

‎MOHAMMAD FAKHR AL-DIN, (Arabian cartographer).‎

‎[MAP OF ARABIAN PENINSULA] Jazirat al-Arab.‎

‎Very Good Arabic Original printed b/w map. Folded. 21,5 x 34,5 cm. In Arabic. Chipped on extremities. A good print. No scale. Shows Arabian Peninsula and Mecca, Bilad al-Sam.‎

‎HAMÂMÎZÂDE IHSAN BEY [MEHMED], (Turkish poet, journalist), (1885-1948).‎

‎[THE LAST OTTOMAN BOOK PRINTED BEFORE THE ACCEPTANCE OF THE LATIN ALPHABET] Divân-i Ihsan.‎

‎Fine Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Paperback. Almost mint condition. Untrimmed and unopened pages. Large roy. 8vo. (26 x 17 cm). In Ottoman script. [2], 112, [3] p., 1 portrait of Ihsan. The last page is in modern Turkish with Latin letters. Hamamizade Ihsan Bey was a Turkish divan poet, journalist, educator, and folk culture researcher. According to historian Bardakçi, he is the last classic poet of the Ottoman Empire. This stylish poetry book includes six "na'at"s in nine chapters, one qasida, two muhammes, eleven tahmîs, one tesdîs, ten 'sarki', a hundred and forty-five gazals, fifty-six qit'a, one manzûme of history, twenty-nine rubai, one dastan and a chapter titled 'Sâdinâme' which is a humorous part. It is also the last work printed in old letters before the acceptance of the Latin alphabet according to the Encyclopedia of Islam. Özege 4162.; TBTK 12361.; OCLC: 45663759. First Edition. Extremely rare.‎

‎OSMAN NIHAT AKIN, (Turkish composer), (1905-1959).‎

‎Kopuklar. Mizahî hasbihâl.‎

‎Very Good Turkish Paperback. Cr. 8vo. (19,5 x 13 cm). In Turkish. 62 p. Kopuklar. Mizahî hasbihâl. Osman Nihat Akin was a Turkish composer who composed about 40 famous songs in classic Turkish forms like "Bir ihtimal daha var", "Körfezdeki durgun suya bir bak", "Yine bu yil ada sensiz". He was grandson of famouspoet and writer Ahmed Rasim. This book has two important introductions and prefaces by Ercüment Ekrem Talu and Aka Gündüz. Signed and inscribed by Akin as 'Sevimli ve sevgili kardesim Necdete, 28.1.947, Ankara'. Not in OCLC. First and Only Edition.‎

‎Edited with an introduction and annotations by HAKAN KARATEKE.‎

‎An Ottoman Protocol Register. Containing ceremonies from 1736 to 1808: BEO Sadaret Defterleri 350 in the Prime Ministry Ottoman State Archives, Istanbul.‎

‎New English Original bdg. HC. Roy. 8vo. (24 x17 cm). In English. [xLiv], 223 p., ills., in English; [+] 144 p. facsimile of the BEO 350 Protocol Register in Ottoman script. The BEO 350 protocol register edited here is part of the Sublime Porte Archives series of the Prime Ministry Ottoman State Archives in Istanbul. The register covers a number of ceremonies held on various occasions from 1736 to 1808 and primarily concerned with accession ceremonies, funerals and, most of all, the reception of envoys. This edition of the BEO 350 is accompanied by an introduction, a synoptic list of ceremonies, appendices, and indexes. The introduction examines various aspects of Ottoman ceremonies, particularly those of a diplomatic nature, and includes a section on the gifts and offerings exchanged by the Ottoman administration and foreign envoys. As briefly discussed in the introduction, ceremonies contribute, albeit modestly, to the validation of a regime's political legitimacy and to its smooth functioning. When trying to determine the relationship between ceremonial rites and political power, the lofty symbolism of ceremonies needs to be interpreted with great care. Thus, detailed descriptions such as those found in protocol registers are extremely valuable, indeed indispensable, for a solid interpretation.‎

‎MEHMED EMIN RAUF PASHA, (Ottoman grand vizier between in the reign of Sultan Mahmud II, (1808-1938) and Sultan Abdulmajid I and Mustafa Resid Pasha, Koca Hüsrev Pasha, Topal Izzet Mehmed Pasha), (1780-1859).‎

‎[MANUSCRIPT OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENT - BUYURULDI] Early historical document with buyuruldu of the Ottoman Grand Vizier, with two confirmations (two buyuruldus) of a document written 'Bende, Osman'. ‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original manuscript paper. 40x28 cm. In Ottoman script. 2 p. Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha was an Ottoman industrialist and statesman, who was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire twice under Mahmud II (reign 1808-1839) and three times under Abdülmecit I (reign 1839-1861) during the Tanzimat period of reformation. He was one of the most prominent figures in funding the Crimean War. According to Shaw and Shaw, Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha and his predecessor, Mustafa Resit Pasha, "acted mainly as mediators" for Mahmud II, "attempting to balance conflicting interests while participating in the factional activities and disputes endemic in Ottoman governmental life.". Buyuruldu (or Buyrultu, Buyurildi, Buyurdu etc.) is the order of an Ottoman grand vizier, vizier, beglerbegi , defterdâr , or other high officials to a subordinate. The term is derived from the word 'buyuruldi', it has been ordered, in which the order usually ends and which gradually developed into a conventional sign. Buyuruldus are of two main types: a) decisions written in the margin (der kenâr) of an incoming petition or report, often ordering that a fermân (firman) (or berât , etc.) be issued to a certain effect... (Brill, Encyclopedia of Islam). "Menzils" were early post organizations in the Ottoman Empire before the Reform period. In the Ottoman Empire, every 35 kilometers - the distance one could travel in a day - on the main roads, there were buildings called "menzil" or "menzilhane" (destination, post station). Surrounded by walls, these yards had a hostelry, barn, market, bath, and restaurant. Hosted at the complex for free, travelers shopped, took baths and fed their animals, and continued their journeys the following day. At the complex, officials - registered and paid by the state - served the guests. Within time, menzils turned into bazaars where locals sold their products. Then, villages and towns started to pop up around them. Commodities needed by the army for expeditions were preserved at menzils and soldiers were accommodated at these facilities if needed during expeditions. Mailmen operating between two faraway destinations changed their horses with those waiting at menzils and went on their route without losing time. (Source: Ekrem Bugra Ekinci). It's written on paper with 'ahar'. Used black ink only. It includes approx. 63 lines on front and verso of the paper and two buyuruldus. Different calligraphic "riq'a" styles by different bureaucrats and Grand Vizier and owner of a petition (Bende, Osman). Grand vizier's handwriting is in 'diwanî' script. An extremely rare autograph manuscript is a good example of the Ottoman state organization in the early 19th century.‎

‎GAZI EVRENOS WAQFS.‎

‎[MANUSCRIPT OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENT - WAQF - OTTOMAN BALKANS] Gazi Evrenos Bey Vakfiyeleri mülhâkâtinda bulunan evkâf-i serîf musakkafât ve müstalâta mahsûs.‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original manuscript and print paper. 40x26 cm. In Ottoman script. 1 p. Decorated with Sultan Abdulhamid II tughra. It includes the declaration of Gazi Evrenos Waqf lands that passed from the old owners to the new owners. Evrenos or Evrenuz (Gazi Hadji Evrenos Bey; died 17 November 1417 in Yenice-i Vardar) was an Ottoman military commander, with an unlikely long-lived career and lifetime. He served as a general under Süleyman Pasha, Murad I, Bayezid I, Süleyman Çelebi and Mehmed I. A persistent Greek legend maintains that Evrenos' father was a certain Ornos, renegade Byzantine governor of Bursa who defected to the Ottomans, and then on to Karasi, after the Siege of Bursa, in 1326. As one of the most successful Ottoman commanders, Evrenos acquired a considerable amount of wealth and founded numerous endowments (awqaf). "Hâci-Gâzi Evrenos Beg, who, together with Halil Hayreddin [Çandarli] Pasha, accepted the surrender of the city of Siroz (Serez) on September 19, 1383, used the city as his home base until he moved further west to Yenice-i Vardar at the end of the century. During the years he lived in Siroz he is known to have established a pious foundation (vakif). His endowment, which included a mescid (small mosque), which was rebuilt by a descendant at the end of the 18th century as a large Friday Mosque (câmi-i serif), a theological seminary (medrese), and a soup kitchen (imâret), is no longer extant.". (Source: FOURTEENTH CENTURY OTTOMAN REALITIES IN SEARCH OF HÂCI-GÂZI EVRENOS, Heath W. Lowry).‎

‎BURSALI KAYMAKAM MEHMED NIHAD BEY, (1886-1928).‎

‎[GREECE, THE ARCHIPELAGO, MEDITERRANEAN SHORES OF NORTH AFRICA, AND WEST ANATOLIA] [Plan of Greece showing the Second Battle of Çatalca].‎

‎Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original b/w map. 70x57 cm. In Ottoman script. Folded. No scale info. A huge plan showing The Second Battle of Çatalca fought between 03 February 1913 and 03 April 1913 was a major "continuous skirmish" of the First Balkan War. The battle consisted of a series of thrusts and counter-thrusts by both the Ottomans and the Bulgarians. On 20 February the Ottomans, in coordination with a separate attack from Gallipoli, charged the Bulgarian positions. Although the Bulgarians repulsed the initial attack, they were weakened enough that they withdrew over fifteen kilometers to the south and twenty kilometers to the west to secondary defensive positions; but eventually the lines returned to essentially the originals. The separate siege of Edirne resulted in its loss to the Bulgarians on 26 March, sapping Ottoman morale; and with heavy Bulgarian losses to both fighting and cholera, the battle dwindled down and ceased by 3 April 1913. On 16 April a second ceasefire (armistice) was agreed to, ending the last fighting in the war. Lieutenant Colonel Mehmet Nihat Bey of Bursa who was born in 1886 accomplished to write 39 books about military history which are including his war experience and his translation works. Nihat Bey who is the first and the most important military historian in the Republic of Turkey was an intellectual person rather than a soldier. He meticulously evaluated many mistakes and points should learn about war by an objective eye in his works. Although it passed a century from the time these books had been written this great person couldn't have been totally discovered by researchers yet. The first military historian in the Republic of Turkey Mehmet Nihat Bey, participated in Tripoli, Balkan, Gallipoli, and the Turkish War of Independence. He taught in a military academy for many years and he impressed many staff officers in terms of idea. During the first years of the republic era in Turkey he lectured about military history and until the last year before he died he had given so useful pieces of information in the warfare of Çanakkale for visitors. Nihat Bey evaluated the conditions about the period of his life and the wars he participated by an objective view and he left great materials for the next generations succeeding him. He enlightened Turkish recent history by writing the events which he had witnessed. Studies of Nihat Bey have an important impact on the researchers who want to have knowledge about Balkan and Gallipoli wars which fulfilled their 100th anniversary.‎

‎[MESSRS I. CAMONDO ET CIE ON BEHALF OF [PROBABLY] MOISE DE CAMONDO, (Ottoman Empire-born French banker, art collector and philanthropist), (1860-1935)].‎

‎Autograph letter signed.‎

‎Very Good French Original autograph letter signed (ALS) by P.pon "[We hereby declare that Ms. L. Cassinelli occupied our house located in Pera Rue, Hodja Ali No 19. On December 1, 1887, and left him on September 30, 1899. That during all time, he did not pay me the tax... P. pon de la succession de feu le Comte A. de Camondo. [i.e. On behalf of the succession of Count A[braham Salomon] Camondo, (1781-1873)]. Probably it's signed by his advocate of Moise de Camondo. Recipient is not defined. Letter indicates one of Camondo family's houses in Pera, Constantinople. 26,5x21 cm. Completely in French. 14 lines. On a paper watermarked "William Brown & Co., London". William Brown and Co. were located in London in this 'St. Mary Axe, and 40 to 41, Old Broad Street, London, E.C.' address according to Grace's guide to British industrial industry; they worked on 'Lithographic and Letterpress Printers'. 1887 Registered as a Limited Company. Count Moïse de Camondo, (1860-1935), was an Ottoman Empire-born French banker and art collector. He was a member of the prominent Camondo family. As a child, Camondo moved with his family from their home in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire, to Paris around 1869, where he grew up and continued the career of his father, Nissim de Camondo (1830-1889), as a banker. He was born into a Sephardic Jewish family that owned one of the largest banks in the Ottoman Empire, established in France since 1869. Starting in 1911, he completely rebuilt the family's Parisian mansion on the Parc Monceau in order to house his collection of 18th-century French furniture and artwork. Working closely with the architect René Sergent, he created a palatial home conforming to certain 18th-century traditions, even planning the room dimensions to match exactly the objects in his collection. The entryway is inspired by the Petit Trianon of Versailles. The home includes a kosher kitchen with separate sections for meat and dairy. The dining room includes a beautifully-carved green marble fountain in the shape of a shell, with a dolphin spigot for the ritual washing of hands before eating a meal. Some highlights of his collection include a French silver service that had been ordered by Russian Empress Catherine the Great, a set of Buffon porcelain (with exact reproductions of ornithological drawings) from the Sèvres manufacturer, and perhaps the only existing complete set of Gobelin royal tapestry sketches. He married Irène Cahen d'Anvers, daughter of Louis Cahen d'Anvers, in 1891. They separated in August 1897 after her affair with de Camondo's stable master, Count Charles Sampieri, whom she would later marry and divorce. The children, Nissim and Beatrice, remained with de Camondo. The mansion was completed in 1914, but his son did not reside there very long, as he rejoined the French Army to fight in The Great War. It had been de Camondo's great hope that his son, whom he adored, would take over the family empire. Following Nissim's death in 1917, de Camondo closed all banking activities. He largely withdrew from society and devoted himself primarily to his collection and to hosting dinners for a club of gourmets at regular intervals. Camondo died in 1935, and the museum opened the following year. He donated the home to Paris's Decorative Arts society as a museum (Musée Nissim de Camondo) in honor of the loss of his son Nissim in World War I. In addition to the collection, the meticulously-restored service areas, elevator, and woodwork of the mansion are noteworthy. During the German occupation of France during World War II, his daughter Béatrice, his son-of-law Léon Reinach, and their children (Fanny and Bertrand) were deported from France and died in the Auschwitz concentration camp. As a result, the de Camondo family died out.‎

‎HALIT [HALID] ZIYA TÜRKKAN, (Tapu ve Kadastro Sabik Umum Müdürü - Turkish cartographer, engineer), (1886-1966).‎

‎[TOPOGRAPHY BY FIRST TURKISH CADASTER SURVEYOR] Topografya.‎

‎Very Good Turkish Paperback. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 17 cm). In Turkish. 240, [12] p. Halid Ziya was born in Izmir, Tire. He went to Istanbul and continued to Hendese-i Mülkiye and Engineer Mekteb-i Âlîsi for seven years. After starting with "Aydin Province Umur-i Nafia Third Class Engineering", Halid Ziya Bey, who continued to work as a deputy chief engineer on 14 March 1910, left Aydin and returned to Istanbul after continuing this duty for about six and a half months. As a teacher, he taught Accounting, Algebra, Geometry, and Topography at Halkali Ziraat Mekteb-i Âlîsi and Darussafaka. Halid Ziya Bey, who was appointed as a teacher of Hendese and Cosmography in Kabatas High School, started to practice the profession of engineering and cadastral, which was his main specialty in 1327. After the First World War, the Istanbul Government started its activities in order to capture and neutralize Halid Ziya Bey and his friends. Upon the harsh measures taken, Halid Ziya Bey had to live as a fugitive in the Hasirci Mountains of Eskisehir for a while with the armed force attached to him. Halid Ziya Bey, who was involved in the movement in Anatolia until the end of the National Liberation Struggle, returned to his engineering duty after the proclamation of the Republic and was included in the cadastral works again. In 1925, Halid Ziya Bey was appointed as the Head of the Science Committee of the new cadastre organization. He wrote 5 books on cadastre, photogrammetry, trigonometry, and cadastral tools in 1928 and 1929. In addition, as a result of personal work in 1928, the road between the provincial division of the Republic of Turkey with cities has prepared a comprehensive map to show up in the forest and mining. (Source: Kadastro ne idi, nedir, ne olacaktir, Kadioglu - Yildirir. From Preface.). This rare book includes the collection of Türkkan's early topography lessons. Signed and inscribed by Halid Ziya. Not in OCLC.; MK (Turkish National Library) 000187218.‎

‎AHMET SIMSIRGIL.‎

‎Topkapi Sarayi: Bir müstakil dünya.‎

‎New New Turkish Original bdg. Dust wrapper. Small 4to. (26 x 20 m). In Turkish. 224 p., ills. Topkapi Sarayi: Bir müstakil dünya. "Prof. Dr. Ahmet Simsirgil'in bu çalismasi, Topkapi Sarayi'nin ilmi tetkikleri için önemli eserlerden biridir. Esasen kitabeler, Tarih-i Enderuni gibi kronikler ve bilhassa sarayin arsivleri arastirildikça; çarpici bilgiler, mevcut bilgi, yorum ve mütearifeleri degistiren gerçekler ortaya çikmaktadir. Simsirgil'in Topkapi Sarayi adli eserinin bilhassa kitabeler açisindan da yararli olacagini ve ilgi çekecegini umuyorum." - Ilber Ortayli Topkapi Sarayi, sadece hayret nidalari içerisinde hasret yüklü bakislarla gezilecek bir binalar manzumesinden ibaret degildir. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Simsirgil'in Bir Müstakil Dünya Topkapi Sarayi adli eseriyle birlikte sarayin serüveninde Osmanli Devleti'nin yetmis iki milleti idare eden vakar ve agirbasliligini taniyacak, dünyanin dört bir yanindaki eyaletlerinin idarecilerini yetistiren Enderun mektebindeki egitim sirlarini kesfedecek, yazinin insani mest eden çizgilerini görecek, mekânlarindaki erisilmez sanat gücüne sahit olacak, sonsuzluga dogru açilma hissi veren kapilarinin hasmetini seyredecek, yüzlerce insanin barindigi Harem kismindaki derin ve anlamli sükûtu bulacak ve insana yasama zevki veren doyumsuz güzelligi bir bir tadacaksiniz. Kisacasi bu eser, sarayin sadece bir yönünü degil, hemen her fonksiyonunu iç içe yansitan, okurken gezdiren ve yasatan bir üslup içerisinde Osmanli Devleti'nin yaklasik 400 yillik çok yönlü idare merkezini gözler önüne serecektir. Tarihimizi yediden yetmise herkese sevdiren Simsirgil'in, prestij eser özelligine sahip özel baskisiyla göz kamastiran bu eseri, Devlet-i Ebed-Müddet'in evi Topkapi Sarayi'ni kütüphanenize tasiyacaktir.‎

‎HOCA AHMED YESEVI, (1093-1166).‎

‎Fakr-nâme. Giris - inceleme -metin - sözlük - bibliografya. Prep. by Abdurrahman Güzel.‎

‎New Turkish Original bdg. HC. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 17 m). In Turkish. 472 p., color ills. Fakr-nâme. Giris - inceleme -metin - sözlük - bibliografya. Prep. by Abdurrahman Güzel.‎

‎DIMITRIADIS EFENDI [G. A. DEMETRIADES], (Ottoman / Turkish Cartograph and Chief Engineer), (1850-1917).‎

‎The panorama of the Marmara Sea Walls by Dimitriadis Efendi. Texts & The Panorama.= Dimitriadis Efendi'nin Marmara Sahil Surlari panoramasi. Yazilar & Panorama. Foreworded by Zeynep Kiziltan. Preface by Engin Akyürek. Texts by Üzeyir Altekin, Nisa Semiz.‎

‎New English In one slip-case, two volumes set: One is HC, One is PB. 4to. (29 x 22 cm). Parallel text in English and Turkish. 2 volumes set: (93, [1] p.; 1 folded huge reprinted color panorama). The panorama of the Marmara Sea Walls by Dimitriadis Efendi. Texts & The Panorama.= Dimitriadis Efendi'nin Marmara Sahil Surlari panoramasi. Yazilar & Panorama. Foreworded by Zeynep Kiziltan. Preface by Engin Akyürek. Texts by Üzeyir Altekin, Nisa Semiz. "The 28-metre-long depiction of Marmara Sea Walls, rendered in watercolour by the Istanbulite Chief Engineer Dimtriadis Effendy in 1875, has been preserved at he Istanbul Archaeological Museums since it was donated to Müze-i Hümâyûn (The Imperial Museum) in 1917. This publication was prepared in order to introduce this important document, which has been available to be studied by scholars, to a wider audience. Also within the scope of the project, to be able to allow the preservation of the original document, a one to one scale copy of the scroll was produced and presented to the Museum.". Dimitriadis Efendi is the son of Dimitri Efendi ofthe Ottoman Greeks. He studied at the Greek school in Beyoglu and later at the French Missionary Schools and received lessonsin mathematics from a private teacher. He was speaking Turkish, and able to read and write in French and Greek. In 1871, he joined the Greek Philosophical Syllogos of Constantinople. He acted as a permanent member of the Archaeological Committee of the Society between 1871 and 1876, and as a member of the Science Committee of the Society from 1876 to 1882. He gave lectures on Practical Geometry, Applied Geometry, and Applied Engineering. On 31 May, 1882, he was appointed as the Umûr-u Nâfia Mühendisi of the Province of Thessaloniki. In consideration of his services, he was later decorated with the Fourth class of the Order of Medjidie on 22 September 1890 and to being promoted to the rank of assistant chief engineer, he was also appointed as the structural ccommissioner of waterworks. His Marmara Sea Walls is a drawing and watercolour on paper, with a size of 47,7x2800 cm. The lower, righthand corner bears the signature of G. A. Demetriades, dated 1875. The scroll contains the Marmara Sea façade of the Istanbul Walls, starting from the Seraglio Point and reaching all the way to the section located just before Yedikule. It could be observed that the names of some doors, mosques, pavilions, and piers were marked on the scroll with a pencil, sometimes in Arabic and at other times in Latin letters. The expressions written in pencil on certain parts of the walls and bastions...". Contents: The panorama of the Marmara Sea Walls by Dimitriadis Efendi.; Foreword by Zeynep Kiziltan.; Preface by Engin Akyürek.; Chief Engineer Dimitridis Efendi by Üzeyir Altekin.; Evaluations on the panorama of the Marmara Sea Walls by DImitriadis Efendi by Nisa Semiz.; And the Panorama volume including the folded color original huge panorama in its wrapper.‎

‎HALUK KARDAS et alli.‎

‎Minute book: Istanbul'da isgal günleri, Ingiliz Ticaret Odasi Türkiye ve Balkan Devletleri Istanbul, Ekim 1919 - Haziran 1922. Milli Mücadele yillarinda Ingilizlerin ticari ve siyasi projelerinin ilk defa yayinlanan belgeleri. Translations and annotations by Haluk Kardas, Alp Burak Suer Kardas, Cem Zafer.‎

‎New Turkish Original bdg. HC. 4to. (28 x 22 cm). In Turkish. 432 p. Elinizde tuttugunuz kitap önemli bir tipkibasim. Yüz yil önce vuku bulan isgal yillarinda Ingiliz Ticaret Odasi'nin Istanbul'da tuttugu kayit defteri. Içerisinde Ekim 1919-Haziran 1922 arasindaki tutanaklar ve önemli toplanti notlari var. Toplantilara katilan müsavirler taninan kimseler. Biri Çarikov (Nikolai V. Tcharykow). Çarlik Rusya'nin Istanbul'daki son sefiri. Harp ilan edildiginde Istanbul'u terk eden Büyükelçi Çarikov, 1917 Devrimi'nden sonra bu sehre mülteci olarak geldi. Kayitlardan anlasildigina göre Ingiliz Ticaret Odasi'nin Rus Alt Subesi'nin komisyonlarinda bulunmus. Mütalaalar ve kayitlar çok enteresan. Süphesiz ticaret için bu kozmopolit bölgede önemli bir olusum söz konusu. Ticari, siyasi ve askeri anlamda ciddi bilgi ve belge mevcut. Göze batiyor ki burada artik çökmüs, zapt edilmis bir memleketi, ileride sinirlari yeniden düzenlenecek bir bölgeyi her anlamda düzenlemeye çalisiyorlar ve Ticaret Odasi önemli bir misyon yükleniyor. Sonraki aylardaki gelismeler ise onlarin hayallerinin gerçeklesmeyecegini gösteriyor. Mustafa Kemal Pasa önderligindeki Milli Mücadele Hareketi sayesinde tüm planlari sekteye ugruyor. Kurtulus Savasi'nin hangi zorluklarla kazanildigini daha kolay anlamak için bu tür önemli yayinlarin nesri çok faydali, tarihseverlere tavsiye ederim." - Ilber Ortayli "'Istanbul'un Fethi' üzerine neredeyse her dilde, kolay okunabilir olanlardan akademik eserlere uzanan uzun bir liste mevcut. Peki ya 'Istanbul'un Isgal Yillari' hakkinda bu anlasilmaz ketumiyet de ne ola? Bu tatsiz dönemi, o dönemde yasayanlari ve yasananlari hep merak ettim. Öyle ya, bizler için ne denli tatsiz olsa da ve hatta sarsilmis oldugumuz bu yillari hatirlamaktan hazzetmesek de. Muradim bu dönemle ilgili çesitli kaynaklari bilmek ve okumak. Tutkunu oldugum efsane bir tarihçi var: Fernand Braudel. Kendisi tarihi tarih yapanin imparatorlar, generaller degil; insanlar, ekonomik kosullar oldugunu anlatir. Iste bu yüzden Dr. Haluk Kardas heyecan verici 'günlük' ile Viyana'dan geldiginde çok sevindim. Bu degerli kesfi bir isaret fisegi olarak görüyorum. Umarim ki görmezden geldigimiz bu buruk vakti aydinlatmaya büyük katkisi olur. Dahasi bu sayede sadece 'tarihçilerimiz' degil; sosyologlar, ekonomistler, edebiyatçilar ve sanatçilar da 'Isgal Vakti'ne' baksinlar isterim.'' - Ali Esad Göksel Minute Book; 1887 tarihinde Birlesik Krallik'in, Istanbul ile Balkanlar'da her iki ülke için karsilikli "ticari" menfaatleri gözetmek amaciyla; James William Whittall öncülügünde bir grup is adami tarafindan dünyanin göz bebegi Istanbul'da sirket olarak ihdas edilen, Ingiltere'den sonra en eski ikinci oda unvanli bu ticaret odasinin 1919, 1920, 1921 ve 1922'ye ait toplanti kayit tutanaklarini ihtiva ediyor. Dolayisiyla Birlesik Krallik ile yürütülen ticari iliskilerin köklerini de ortaya çikariyor. Birlesik Krallik ile ticari iliskimiz ne zaman basladi? Ticari menfaatler hangi sebeplerle siyasi, askerî, ekonomik ve iktisadi yaptirimlara dönüstü? Osmanli Devleti'nin parçalanmasinin ivme kazandigi ve sömürgeciligin gittikçe önem kazandigi Birinci Dünya Harbi'ne dogru iliskiler ne yönde ilerledi? Harbin sonunda yenilmis kabul edilen Osmanli Devleti'nin topraklari gizli antlasmalarla paylastirilirken ne tür ticari menfaatler gözetildi? Mondros Mütarekesi'nin ardindan baslayan isgal sirasinda Ingilizlerle ticaret ne durumdaydi? El yazisindan tipkibasim olarak Türkçeye çevrilen bu tutanaklarla ticari iliskilerin gölgesinde gizlenen siyasi, askerî ve iktisadi planlari kesfedecek; adi geçen sahislarin ülkeleri adina hangi emelleri gerç‎

‎FESTSCHRIFT JAK YAKAR.‎

‎A life dedicated to Anatolian Prehistory: Festschrift for Jak Yakar.= Anadolu Prehistoryasina adanmis bir yasam: Jak Yakar'a Armagan. Prep. by Baris Gür, Semra Dalkiliç.‎

‎New English Paperback. 4to. (28 x 20 cm). In English and German. 496 p., color and b/w ills. Vorwort (Felix Pirson - Katja Piesker) Vorwort der Herausgeberinnen (Ursula Quatember - Ute Lohner-Urban) Einleitung: Architektur in Kleinasien am Übergang vom Hellenismus zur römischen Kaiserzeit (Ursula Quatember - Ute Lohner-Urban) Ursula Quatember / Zur Erforschung der Architektur Kleinasiens am Übergang vom Hellenismus zur römischen Kaiserzeit Gina Alajmo / Global versus lokal. Zur Gestaltung und Entwicklung von Heiligtümern in Karien und Pisidien nach ihrer Eingliederung in das Imperium Romanum Orhan Bingöl / Hermogenes. Das Glas halbleer betrachtet Emanuela Borgia / The Roman Temple at Elaioussa Sebaste (Cilicia) as a Case of Transition between Hellenism and Romanization Sara Bozza / The Adoption of Roman Building Techniques in Asia Minor, 30 Years Later Laurence Cavalier / Xanthos at the Turn of the 1st Century A.D.: Becoming Roman Hüseyin Cevizoglu / Die Heilige Stra?e in Didyma. Der aktuelle Forschungsstand zu ihrer baulichen Entwicklung im Kernheiligtum Burkhard Emme / The Lower Agora of Pergamon. A Sub-Hellenistic Building Complex in its Historical Context Beatrice Fochetti / Aspects of Continuity and Change in the Doric Order of the Province of Asia during the Imperial Period Silke Haps - Werner Oenbrink / Das Heiligtum auf dem Dülük Baba Tepesi bei Doliche in hellenistisch-römischer Zeit Tommaso Ismaelli / Shaping the Sacred Space in Early Imperial Asia Minor. The Pseudomonopteros Temple of Hierapolis and Roman Influence on the Sacred Architecture Musa Kadioglu / Vorbericht über das Dionysos-Heiligtum von Teos im Licht der neuen Grabungen Dominique Krüger / Römisch, lokal oder orientalisch? Kilikien am Übergang vom Hellenismus zur Kaiserzeit Monumentale Altare und ihr Bildschmuck vom Hellenismus bis in die Kaiserzeit am Beispiel des Altars des Domitian-Tempels von Ephesos Eric Laufer / Folgen einer Provinzialisierung. Stadtebauliche Veranderungen im Lykien des 1. Jhs. n. Chr. Ute Lohner-Urban / Das Osttor von Side. Entwicklungslinien der pamphylischen Hoftore am Übergang vom Späthellenismus zur römischen Kaiserzeit Ulrich Mania / Zur Badekultur in Kleinasien zwischen Hellenismus und Kaiserzeit Julia Martin / Gebrannte Ziegel im westlichen Kleinasien. Das 1. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Ibrahim Hakan Mert / Hellenistische und kaiserzeitliche Grabbauten von Priene Elisabeth Rathmayr - Veronika Scheibelreiter-Gail / Kontinuitaet und Wandel in Wohnbau und Wohnkultur in Ephesos vom spaten Hellenismus bis in die hohe Kaiserzeit Christopher Ratte - Felipe Rojas - Angela Commito / New Research at Notion Martin Seyer - Ursula Quatember / Zur Urbanistik und Architektur Limyras im Hellenismus und in der frühen Kaiserzeit Marcello Spanu / Honorary Arches and Gates in Asia Minor up to the Reign of Trajan Hilke Thür / Brunnenanlagen und Wasserversorgung in Ephesos in hellenistischer und frührömischer Zeit Rhys F. Townsend / Politics, Patronage, and Architectural Style in Augustan Asia Minor Rosangela Ungaro / Architecture and Architectural Decoration in Asia Minor. Continuity of Hellenistic Models in the Early Imperial Period, from the Augustan to the Neronian Age Inge Uytterhoeven / Following "Western" Fashion Trends. The Impact of "Italian" Elements on Private Housing in Roman Imperial Asia Minor‎

‎AHMET FATIH AYDEMIR.‎

‎Economic policies in Turkish political parties after democratic transition.‎

‎New English Paperback. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 16 cm). In English. 94 p. Political parties, which are indispensable elements of democracy, normally declare in detail to the public the economic policies that they will implement through their party programmes. By looking at these programmes, electorates are informed of the economic and social policies proposed by parties and use their democratic preferences, so long as party programmes are not perceived as establishment formalities. In this study, economic policies that political parties entering the Turkish Grand National Assembly (TGNA) want to implement as their party programmes are examined during the tumultuous transition to multi-party democracy in Turkey. In general, political parties were influenced to a large extent by economic policies that were dominant in the time of the liberal period (1950-1960), the import substitution period (1960-1980), and the period of transition to a free market economy (1983-2007).‎