‎Physique‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", Bd. 39, pp. 499-518. With the titlepage to the whole volume.‎

‎First edition of this importent paper in which Heisenberg - after inventing Quantum Mechanics the year before (1925) - investigates some of the fundamental aspects of the new theory. Heisenberg recognizes the invariance of the wave equation with respect to various transformations. ""It is clear that such invariance exists with respect to an interchange of the coordinates of identical particles, e.g. of two electrons in an atom of two nuclei of the same kind in a molecule. As a consequence, the wave function of a non-degenerate stationary state must either remain unchanged or may only change sign when the transformation is applied to it....Indeed, in this way Pauli's exclusion principle for electrons found a formulation in terms of wave mechanics.""(K. Kronik in Memorial Volume to Wolfgang Pauli).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 39174

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", Bd. 39, pp. 499-518. With the titlepage to the whole volume.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [OFFPRINT PRESENTATION COPY OF HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth), 1924. 8vo. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik"" IV. Folge, Bd. 74, 1924. With the author's presentation inscription to upper right corner of first leaf: ""Hrn. Dr. Faxeén mit / best. Empfehl. d. verf."". Stapled spine with rust slightly affecting surrounding paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. (1), 578-627.‎

‎First edition in the exceedingly rare offprint - with a most attractive presentation-inscription from Heisenberg to Swedish Hilding Faxén, an important contributor to the field - of Heisenberg's doctoral dissertation on the stability and turbulence of fluid flow, which ""involved an approximate solution of the complicated equations governing the onset of hydrodynamic turbulence""(David C. Cassidy). It is widely regarded as being ""the most important early paper devoted to this subject"". (Yaglom, Hydrodynamics Instability and Transition to Turbulence).Hilding Faxén (1892 - 1970), Swedish physicist, received his doctorate in 1921 at Uppsala University with his thesis on ""the influence of the container walls on the resistance against movement by a small ball in a viscous fluid"". He formulated several basic equations mainly in hydrodynamics"" the Faxén integral, the Faxén laws, the Faxén theorems and the Faxén-Waller theory.Heisenberg and Faxén most likely met at the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen (Directed by Niels Bohr) where Heisenberg, From 17 September 1924 to 1 May 1925, studied under an International Education Board Rockefeller Foundation fellowship. Despite Sommerfeld's positive evaluation of Heisenberg's thesis - ""In the handling of the present problem, Heisenberg shows once again his extraordinary abilities: complete command of the mathematical apparatus and daring physical insight"" (Arnold Sommerfeld, evaluation of the thesis, 1923) -, the oral presentation did not go as Heisenberg could have hoped for:""Acceptance of the dissertation brought admission of the candidate to the final orals, where in this case trouble began. The examining committee consisted of Sommerfeld and Wien, along with representatives in Heisenberg's two minor subjects, mathematics and astronomy. Much was at stake, for the only grades a candidate received were those based on the dissertation and final oral: one grade for each subject and one for overall performance. The grades ranged from I (equivalent to an A) to V (an F).As the 21-year-old Heisenberg appeared before the four professors on July 23, 1923, he easily handled Sommerfeld's questions and those in mathematics, but he began to stumble on astronomy and fell flat on his face on experimental physics. In his laboratory work Heisenberg had to use a Fabry-Perot interferometer, a device for observing the interference of light waves, on which Wien had lectured extensively. But Heisenberg had no idea how to derive the resolving power of the interferometer nor, to Wien's surprise, could he derive the resolving power of such common instruments as the telescope and the microscope. When an angry Wien asked how a storage battery works, the candidate was still lost. Wien saw no reason to pass the young man, no matter how brilliant he was in other fields."" (Cassidy, Uncertainty).The result was that Heisenberg received the lowest of three passing grades in physics and the same overall grade (cum laude) for his doctorate, both of which were an average between Sommerfeld's highest grade and Wien's lowest grade.There is an interesting epilogue to the story. When Heisenberg derived the uncertainty relations several years later, he used the resolving power of the microscope to derive the uncertainty relations - and he still had difficulty with it. When Bohr pointed out the error, it led to emotional difficulties for Heisenberg. Likewise, this time a positive result came off the affair: Heisenberg's reaction induced Bohr to formulate his own views on the subject, which ultimately led to the so-called Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics.Heisenberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 ""for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen"".Faxén was appointed professor of mechanics at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, where he remained until his retirement in 1958. In 1948 he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Cassidy 1924b.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 53190

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [OFFPRINT PRESENTATION COPY OF HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth), 1924. 8vo. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik"" IV. Folge, Bd. 74, 1924. With the author's presentation inscription to upper right corner of first leaf: ""Hrn. Dr. Faxeén mit / best. Empfehl. d. verf."". Stapled spine with rust slightly affecting surrounding paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. (1), 578-627.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who wasin Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 48025

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Vol. 44. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 455-472. [Entire volume: VIII,903 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of grounbreaking paper which was the first to explain the nature of the chemical bound using wave mechanics and thus explaining the forces active when atoms exchange electrons and creating molecules.""In June, Heitler and London published their famous paper on the hydrogen molecule in which they showed the existence of a new kind of saturable, nondynamic forces, the so-called ""exchange forces"" of attraction or repulsion between like particles, and developed a schematic theory of the homopolar valence which eventually BROUGHT THE WHOLE OF CHEMISTRY UNDER THE SOVEREIGNTY OF QUANTUM MECHANICS. These results not only lent weight to the concept of like particles, they also showed that like particles may be indistinguishable, that is, may lose their identity, a conclusion which follows from the uncertainty relations or, more precisely, from the impossibility of keeping track of the individual particles in case of interactions of like particles. (Jammer in ""The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanic"", pp. 343 ff.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1927 C.‎

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‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON. - UNITING CHEMISTRY WITH QUANTUM MECHANICS.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 44. VIII,903 pp. (Entire volume offered). Heitler & London's paper: pp. 455-472. A stamp to titlepage. Clean.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Studien über electrische Grenzschichten. (Studies in Electrical Contact-layers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1879. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 7, No. 7. Pp. 337-496 a. 1 plate. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz paper: pp. 337-382.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Über die auf das Innere magnetisch oder elektrisch polarisirter Körper wirkende Kräfte.‎

‎Berlin, Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1881. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Monatsbericht der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin."" Februar issue 1881. Pp. 117-274 a. 2 plates. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz's paper: pp. 191-213.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FOUNDING THE MODERN THEORY OF COLOUR.‎

‎Ueber Hrn. Brewster's neue Analyse des Sonnenlichts.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1852. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Dritte Reihe Bd. 26, Achtes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1852). (The entire issue (No. 8) offered). Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FURTHER PROOF OF THE ""CONSERVATION OF ENERGY-PRINCIPLE""‎

‎Ueber galvanische Ströme, verursacht durch Concentrationsunterschiede" " Folgerungen aus der mechanischen Wärmetheorie. (On galvanic Currents caused by Differences in Concentration: Deductions from the Mechanical Theory of Heat).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1878. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 3, 2. Heft. Pp. 161-320 a. 1 folded plate. (entire issue offered). Helmholtz' paper: pp. 201-216. With titlepage to volume 3.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - RECORDING THE FIRST PRESENTATION OF THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht über ""Der Inhalt der Schrift ""Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft"""".‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1850. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1847. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". III. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XLIV,703 pp. Stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 232-245. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - THE PRELUDE TO ""ÜBER DIE ERHALTUNG DER KRAFT"" AND HIS FIRST PAPER ON FORCE CONSERVATION‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht ""über die Theorie der physiologischen Wärmeerscheinungen für 1845"" (Report on the Work done on the Theory of Animal Heat in 1845).‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1847. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. Light wear along edges. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1845. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". I. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XXXII,622 pp. A stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 346-355. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this milestone paper which represents the first, and most importent, step towards his great work laid down in ""Über die Erhaltung der Kraft"", 1847. This is Helmholtz' FIRST PAPER ON THE CONSERVATION OF FORCE""At the beginning of October, 1846, Helnmholtz sent a 'Report on Work done on the Theory of Animal Heat for 1845', at du Bois' request, to the ""Fortschritte der Physik"", issued by the Physical Society. (the paper offered). This was merely an abstract from the article in the Encyclopaedic Dictionary.....BUT IT ANTICIPATES MORE DEFINITELY THE CONDCLUSIONS OF HIS GREAT WORK. He states without hesitation that the material theory of heat is no longer tenable, and that a kinetic theory must be substituted for it, since heat originates in mechanical forces, either directly by friction, or indirectly from an electrical current produced by themotion of magnets. This conception of heat as a motion involves the conclusion that mechanical, electrical and chemical forces must always be the definite equivalent of one and the same energy, whatever the mode by which one force is transformed into another. The empirical confirmation of this law must be the imperative duty of physicists and physiologists.""(Leo Koenigsberger in ""Hermann von Helmholtz"", pp. 34-35).""In the ""Fortschritte der Physik"" for 1845, which appeared in 1847, Helmholtz published a report on theories of physiological heat which he later acknowledged as belonging to his work on the conversation of force.""(Jungnickel & McCormach ""Intellectual Masteryof Nature, Vol. 1, p. 157).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45604

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN Von. - THE RESOLUTION LIMIT OF THE MICROSCOPE.‎

‎Die theoretische Grenze für die Leistungsfähigkeit der Mikroskope. (The Theoretical Limit of the Efficiency of Microscopes).‎

‎Leipzig, J.A. Barth, 1874. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Jubelband. With titlepage to ""Jubelband"". Titlepage with a stamp. Pp. 557-584‎

‎First appearance of a fundamental paper in modern optics in which Helmholtz published his discovery of the resolution limit of the microscope. He found that the limit for the difference of magnitude that we are able to distinguish plainly is in general found equal to half the wave-lenght of theparticular light employed. A further increase in optical power beyond that of the best modern instruments does not therefore seem possible.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45923

‎"HENLY (HENLEY), WILLIAM.‎

‎Experiments and Observations in Electricity. Part I -(II).‎

‎London, W. Bowyer and J. Nichols, 1777. 4to. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Year 1777. Vol. 67 - Part I. Pp. 85-143 a. 1 folded engraved plate. Clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎First printing of Henley's large memoir on Franklin's theory of the Leyen Jar, on bow and violin strings oppositely electrified, on the electric origin of water-spouts etc.Wheeler Gift: 2472.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 46617

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - HENRY'S ALBANY MAGNET.‎

‎On the application of the principle of the galvanic multiplier to electromagnetic apparatus, and also to the development of great magnetic power in soft Iron, with a small galvanic element.‎

‎New Haven, Hezekiah Howe and A.H. Maltby, 1831. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt, tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. Light wear along edgaes and top of spine. In: ""The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. XIX. Engraved frontispiece. VIII,404 pp., 4 engraved plates (1 handcoloured, brownspotted). Henry's paper: pp. 400-408, one textillustr.‎

‎First edition of Henry's importent paper in which he described the function and construction of the Albany-Magnet, probably the most powerfull magnet ever constructed (at the time).From his ""experiments Henry discovered that if a cell of a single pair of electrodes is to be used with a given magnet, the magnet should be wound with several coils of wire in parallel"" on the other hand, if a battery of many cells is to be used, the magnet winding should form a single long wire. Henry was the first person to understand this idea. It later became a fundamental basis for much of electrical technology, and, in particular, made Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph feasible.Applying this principle (together with the valuable but less easily described practical skill in magnet-making he had acquired in the course of his experiments), Henry, with the assistance of a colleague, Philip Ten Eyck, went on to build a 21-pound ""experimental magnet on a large scale."" With a modest battery, this ""Albany magnet"" supported 750 pounds, making it, Henry claimed, ""probably, therefore, the most powerful magnet ever constructed."" Quickly he wrote a paper describing these experiments and his magnet-winding principle, and sent it off to Benjamin Silliman, Professor of Chemistry and Natural History at Yale College and editor of the American Journal of Science, a widely read and influential publication. Silliman readily accepted what he called Henry's ""highly important & interesting paper"" and published it in the issue of January, 1831 (the paper offered)."" (Roger Sherman).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 47029

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - THE DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION - GERMAN VERSION.‎

‎Ueber elektro-dynamische Induction.‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1842). Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Ergänzungsband 1, Stück 2. Pp. 193-384 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (The entire issue offered). Henry's paper: pp. 282-312.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. No. III (and) IV. On Electro-magnetic Induction.‎

‎London, Richard and John E.Taylor, 1840-41. 8vo. 2 contemp. hmorocco. Tears to spines. Frontcovers on both volumes loose. Stamp to foot of titlepages. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Conducted by David Brewster et al."". Vol. XVI a. vol. XVIII. VIII,607,(1) pp. a. 5 plates. + VIII,616 pp., 2 plates. (Entire volumes offered). Henry's papers: pp. 200-210, 254-265, 551-562, textillustr. (in vol. XVI) a. pp. 482-514, textillustr. (in vol. XVIII).‎

‎First printing in England of this pioneering paper on electro-magnetic induction in which Henry carried out his program of determining the relationship of static and dynamic electricity.The volumes also contains first printings by CHARLES LYELL ""On the Boulder Formation, or drift and associated Freshwater Deposits composing the Mud-cliffs of Eastern Norfolk"". Pp. 345-380, textillustr. (1840), and JOHN W. DRAPER ""An Account of some Experiments made in the South of Virginia, on the height of the Sun"".Pp. 81-84 and his ""On the Electro-motive Power of Heat. Pp. 451-461.On p. 535 we have the first announcement of the first sucessfull photographic portrait taken. Draper’s first reported portraiture was that of his sister, Miss Dorothy Catherine Draper, dressed in white sitting still for a period of 65 seconds.""Professor Draper, of the University of New York, informs us in a note dated March 31st, that he has succeeded during the Winter in procuring portraits by the Daguerreotype, and that they have all the beaty and softness of the most finished mezzotint engraving, and only requirefrom 20 to 45 seconds for execution.""‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 48011

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. On Electro-Dynamic Induction.‎

‎New Haven, Maltby and Noyes, 1840. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. In: The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. 38. VI,(2),416 pp. (Entire volume offered). Henry's paper:pp. 209-243, many textllustrations in woodcut. A few leaves with brownspots.‎

‎This is Henry's importent third ""Contribution"" on the dynamic induction experiments, carrying out his program of determining the relationship of static and dynamic electricity. He independently of Faraday discovered electr-magnetic inductuion in 1831. The paper was first printed in ""Transactions of the American Philosophical Society"", 1839.‎

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‎"HENRY, JOSEPH. - DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION.‎

‎Facts in reference to the Spark, &c from along conductor uniting the poles of a Galvanic Battery.‎

‎Philadelphia, Fraklin Institute, 1835. 8vo. Later full green cloth. Tome-and titlelabels in leather with gilt lettering on spine. In: ""Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania... Edited by Thomas P. Jones"", Vol. XV. New series. Engraved frontisp. (2),446 pp., 2 folded engraved plates and 2 folded engraved maps. (Entire volume offered). Henry's announcement: pp. 169-70. A stamp to verso of frontispiece (Library of Congress duplicate stamp).‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH. - ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION.‎

‎Sur l'induction électro-dybanique. (Extrait par M. Abria). Premier- (Second) Mémoire. (No III et No IV).‎

‎Paris, Fortin, Masson et Cie, 1844. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 3. 512 pp. a. 7 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Henry's papers: pp. 394-436 a. 1 folded engraved plate (showing Henry's experimental apparatus). Internally clean.‎

‎"HERAPATH, JOHN - THE KINETIC THEORY OF GASES.‎

‎A Mathematical Inquiry into the Causes, Laws, and principal Phaenomena of heat, Gases, Gravitation, &c. (3 Parts).‎

‎London, Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1821. Contemp. Hcalf. Minor scratches to spine. In: ""Annals of Philosophy"" or, Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics, Natural History... By Thomas Thomson."", New series Vol. I. VIII,479 pp. a. 7 engraved plates. (Entire volumes offered). Herapath's papers: pp. 273-293, 340-351 a. 401-416.‎

‎First printing of these contoversial papers where Herapath revived the kinetic theory of gases. His theory was more or less neglected by the scientific community at his time. The kinetic theory remained dormant and forgotten after Euler's and Bernouilli's work ""until 1816, when Herapath proposed a theory which is essential Bernoulli's. Unfortunately he chose to define temperature as being proportional to the momentum rather than the kinetic energy of molecules. Herapath was the first to show, more or less, that kinetic theory can provide simple explanations for the changes of state, diffusion, and the propagation of sound.""(Trousdell ""Essayas in the History of Mechanics"", pp. 283 ff.).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 59163

‎"HERAPATH, JOHN - THE KINETIC THEORY OF GASES.‎

‎On the Physical Properties of Gases. (To Dr. Thomsen) (+) A Mathematical Inquiry into the Causes, Laws, and principal Phaenomena of heat, Gases, Gravitation, &c. (3 Parts).‎

‎London, Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1816 a. 1821. Bound in 2 uniform contemp. moiré boards. Light wear along edges and a fes smaller scratches. In: ""Annals of Philosophy"" or, Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics, Natural History... By Thomas Thomson."", Vol. VIII and New series Vol. I. VIII,479 pp. a. 9 engraved plates, VIII,479 pp. a. 7 engraved plates. (Entire volumes offered). Herapath's papers: pp. 56-60 (1816) a. pp. 273-293, 340-351 a. 401-416.‎

‎First printing of these contoversial papers where Herapath revived the kinetic theory of gases. His theory was more or less neglected by the scientific community at his time. The kinetic theory remained dormant and forgotten after Euler's and Bernouilli's work ""until 1816, when Herapath proposed a theory which is essential Bernoulli's. Unfortunately he chose to define temperature as being proportional to the momentum rather than the kinetic energy of molecules. Herapath was the first to show, more or less, that kinetic theory can provide simple explanations for the changes of state, diffusion, and the propagation of sound.""(Trousdell ""Essayas in the History of Mechanics"", pp. 283 ff.).Euler, Bernoulli, Herapath and Waterston may be considered the principal scientists who prior to 1850 attempted a more or less complete mathematical treatment of gases, based on a set of molecular postulates. (Jamie Wisniak).""Having published a preliminary notice of his theory in the Annals of Philosophy in 1816, Herapath submitted a detailed account to the Royal Society in 1820. Davy, who was elected to the presidency of the Society in November of that year, was primarily responsible for the fate of the paper. Although Davy was already known as an advocate of the qualitative idea that heat is molecular motion, he found Herapath’s quantitative development too speculative and complicated"" he rejected the hypothesis of an absolute temperature implying an ""absolute zero"" of cold. Having been told that his paper would not be accepted for publication in the Philosophical Transactions, Herapath withdrew it and published it instead in the Annals of Philosophy in 1821. Five years later he launched an attack on Davy in the Times of London, accusing him of circulating unfounded criticisms of his experimental work, which prevented its publication. Although Davy ignored a series of letters and challenges published in the Times, Herapath later claimed Davy’s resignation from the presidency of the Royal Society (1827) as a victory for himself.""(DSB).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 46878

‎"HERMANN, GRETE.‎

‎Über die Grundlagen physikalischer Aussagen in den älteren und den modernen Theorien.‎

‎Berlin, Offentliches Leben, 1937. 8vo. In the original wrappers. With repair to lower part and lower right corner bended, otherwise a very nice and clean copy. [Hermann:] Pp. 309-398. [Entire issue: Pp. 273-504, (3) + frontispeice depicting Jakob Friedrich Fries.].‎

‎First printing of Hermann's publication on the historical development and foundation of physics. Today she if famous for her pioneering work with respect to the interpretation of quantum theory, the present paper being her most extensive on the philosophical aspects of the development of research in physics.Attempts to interpret and understand what was then new and very puzzling physics were of great contemporary importance when Grete Hermann entered the field, and her work in physics was mainly related to the interpretation of quantum mechanics. More specifically, her main work in physics was on the philosophical foundations of quantum mechanics, the significance of modern physics for the theory of knowledge, and causality in physics. She was one of the active early contributors to the historic debates on causality in quantum mechanics, and on the completeness of quantum mechanics and its description of reality.Hermann's work during the 1930s reveals the influence of her background in the neo-Kantian school, yet it also owes much to the way in which Heisenberg and Weizsäcker had interpreted Bohr's doctrine of the indispensability of classical concepts in the description of experience.Heisenberg has written that Grete Hermann came to Leipzig for the purpose of challenging the philosophical basis of atomic physics. Heisenberg devoted an entire chapter of his book ""Physics and Beyond: Encounters and Conversations"" to a reconstruction of discussions that he had on quantum mechanics and Kantian philosophy with Grete Hermann and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44830