‎Física‎

‎"LAUE, MAX von.‎

‎Die Entropie von partiell kohärenten Strahlenbündeln. (+) Nachtrag. (2 papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1907. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 23. Pp. 1-43 a. pp. 795-797. The leaves is punched in inner margins after cords. Fine and clean. A stamp on the first leaf.‎

‎"LAUE, MAX VON.‎

‎Röntgenstrahlinterferenz und Mischkristalle.‎

‎Leipzig, Brath, 1918. 8vo. In full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 56. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on the pasted down front free end paper. Traces after a label to lower part of spine. Stamp to title page. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 497-506. [Entire volume: VIII, 1152 pp.].‎

‎"LEE, T.D. (+) C. N. YANG.‎

‎Question of Parity Conservation in Weak Interactions. - [FOUNDATIONAL THEORY OF THE UNIVERSAL FORCES OF NATURE]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1956. Lex8vo. Volume 104, October 1, No. 1, 1956 of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. Entire volume offered. In the original printed blue wrappers. Minor bumping and sunning to extremities, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 254-58. [Entire issue: Pp. (2), 272 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Yang and Lee's seminal and topic-creating paper which proved that parity is not conserved in weak interactions. ""The discovery of parity nonconservation contributed to a general change in the intellectual climate of fundamental physics, leading to a tendency to question the absolute validity of other conservation laws as well."" (Kragh, Quantum Generations, pp. 318-9). Before 1956, the general belief was that parity conservation is never violated in nature, a firm paradigm that was not challenged until the publication of the present paper. Chen Ning Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee were awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics ""for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles"". Lee is the youngest Nobel laureate after WWII. It had earlier been suggested that parity might not be conserved but noone had been able to put forth compelling evidence. A careful review by Lee and Yang went further, showing that while parity conservation had been verified in decays by the strong or electromagnetic interactions, it was untested in the weak interaction. They proposed several possible direct experimental tests.When Lee and Yang's paper appeared in 1956, physicists were not immediately swept away by their ground breaking conclusions. The physicist Freeman Dyson wrote of his reaction to the paper: ""A copy of it was sent to me and I read it. I read it twice. I said, This is very interesting,' or words to that effect. But I had not the imagination to say, By golly, if this is true it opens up a whole new branch of physics.' And I think other physicists, with very few exceptions, at that time were as unimaginative as I."" Wolfgang Pauli wrote to Weisskopf after reading the paper: ""Now after the first shock is over, I begin to collect myself. Yes, it was very dramatic. I am shocked not so much by the fact that the Lord prefers the left hand as by the fact that He still appears to be left-right symmetric when he expresses Himself strongly."" (Kragh, Quantum Generations, pp. 319).The presented theory paved the way for a reconsideration of physical theories and led to new, far-reaching discoveries regarding the nature of matter and the universe. The removal of the restrictions imposed by parity law brought order to the theoretical chaos that existed with regard to subatomic particles elementary particles seen in cosmic rays and particle accelerator experiments were understood to be manifestations of the strong and weak nuclear interactions. Eventually the better understanding of their characteristics has led to a more unified theory of the fundamental universal forces of nature.‎

Referencia librero : 43610

‎"LE CHATELIER, HENRI LOUIS. - INVENTION OF THE PLATINUM THERMOCOUPLE.‎

‎Sur la variation produite par une élèvation de température, dans la force électromotrice des couples thermo-électriques.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1886. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 102, No 14. Pp. (783-) 834. (Entire issue offered). Le Chatelier's paper: pp. 819-822.‎

‎Firs printing of an importent paper in thermometry where he demonstrates that high temperatures could be precisely measured by way of a platinum wire in conjunction with a platinum-rhodium alloy wire.""It is to Henri Louis Le Chatelier th a t we owe the successful practical use of the platinum thermocouple which for many years was in fact known by his name. Among his many activities Le Chatelier was engaged in the study of silicates and cements and needed a reliable method of measuring high temperatures. In 1886 he reported to the Académie des Sciences an investigation on the use of thermocouples for this purpose in which he had tried to verify the parabolic relationships found by Professor T a i t between the electromotive force and the temperature of the hot junction, the cold junction being at 0°C. Using various metals and alloys against platinum, which he calibrated at the known melting points of lead, zinc, aluminium, silver, gold, copper and palladium, he obtainedresults that agreed with his calculations to within 20°C (11). He also came to the conclusion that of the various combinations he had used, platinum against 10 per cent rhodium-platinum gave the most consistent results."" (Donald McDonald and Leslie B. Hunt).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1885 P.‎

Referencia librero : 49879

‎"LENARD, P. (PHILIPP). - THE LENARD WINDOW.‎

‎Ueber Kathodestrahlen in Gase von atmosphärischen Druck und im äussersten Vacuum. (On cathode rays in gases under atmospheric pressure and in extreme vacua).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1894. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 51, No. 2. (Entire issue offered). Pp. 225-416 a. 2 plates. Lenard's paper: pp. 225-267 a. 1 arge folded lithographed plate, showing the apparatus. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of Lenard's importent paper on cathode rays for the work on which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1905.""After many experiments with aluminium foil of various thickness he was able to publish, in 1894 the paper offered), his great discovery that the plate of quartz that had, until then, been used to close the discharge tube, could be replace by a thin plate of aluminium foil just thick enough to maintain the vacuum inside the tube, but yet thin enough to allow the cathode rays to pass out. It thus became possible to study the cathode rays, and also the fluorescence they caused, outside the discharge tube and Lenard concluded from the experiments that he then did that the cathode rays were propagated through the air for distances of the order of a decimetre and that they travel in a vacuum for several metres without being weakened. Although Lenard at first followed Hertz in believing that the cathode rays were propagated in the ether, he later abandoned this view as the result of the work of Jean Perrin in 1895, Sir J.J. Thomson in 1897 and W. Wien in 1897, which proved the corpuscular nature of the cathode rays.""(Nobel Prize.org).Shiers ""Early Television"" no 239.‎

Referencia librero : 43650

‎"LEBEDEV, P.N.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Druckkräfte des Lichtes. - [FIRST CONFIRMATION OF MAXWELL'S ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY]‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1901. 8vo. Bound in full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vol. 6, 1901. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on to front end papers, stamp to title page, otherwise a fine copy. Pp. 433-58. [Entire volume: VIII, 876 pp. + 3 folded plates].‎

‎First appearance of the account of Lebedev's seminal experiment proving that light exerts a mechanical pressure on material bodies thereby confirming Maxwell's electromagnetic theory for the very first time - a landmark discovery in modern physics. James Clerk Maxwell ""made an important new prediction from his electromagnetic theory-that electromagnetic waves exert a radiation pressure. Bright sunlight, he calculated, presses on the earth's surface with a force of around 4 pounds per square mile [...] This was too tiny a value to be observable in everyday life and its detection posed a challenge to experimenters. Eventually, in 1900, the Russian physicist Pyotr Lebedev succeeded, and confirmed James' prediction. Although small on an earthly scale, radiation pressure is one of the factors that shape the universe. Without it there would be no stars like our sun. [The] discovery also helped to explain a phenomenon that had puzzled astronomers for centuries-why comets' tails point away from the sun"" (Mahan, The Man who Changed Everything: The Life of James Clerk Maxwell, 183).""As early as 1891 Lebedev became seriously interested in the pressure of light. He turned his attention to the fact that since the force of gravity is proportional to the volume of a body whereas light pressure must be proportional to its surface, it may be asserted that in a particle of cosmic dust the forces of light pressure pushing the particle away from the sun will be equals to the force of gravity attracting it toward the sun. Lebedev used this theory to explain why comets'tails always point away from the sun. His hypothesis was considered correct until the discovery of the solar wind, which creates substantially greater pressure than the sun's light.Around 1898, Lebedev began experimental research on light pressure. Although its presence had been predicted by Maxwell's theory, it had not been detected experimentally before Lebedev. He first undertook research on the pressure of light on solid bodies. Because of the weakness of the effect itself and the considerable number of possible side effects, this experimental problem presented very great difficulties: if a body that is supposed to react to light pressure is placed in a gas, the warming of the body by the light will inevitably cause convection currents and thus set the body in motion. If the body is placed in a vacuum (in practice, in gas at very low pressure), the so called radiometric effect will occur. As a result of the uneven warming of the front and back of the body, the molecules of gas hitting the body from the front will be repulsed more forcefully than those striking the back, thereby exerting greater pressure. By extremely ingenious methods Lebedev succeeded in completely eliminating these side effects and not only detected the pressure of light but also measured it and showed the correctness of Maxwell's quantitative theory. ""Opytnoe issledovanie svetovogo davlenia""(""An Experimental Investigation of the Pressure of Light"") was read by Lebedev at the International Congress of Physicists at Paris in 1899 and was published in 1901."" (DSB)‎

Referencia librero : 49817

‎"LENARD, P.‎

‎Vorbemerkung Lenards zu Soldners: Über die Ablenkung eines Lichtstrahls von seiner geradlinigen Bewegung durch die Attraktion eines Weltkörpers, an welchem er nahe vorbeigeht.‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1921. 8vo. In contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 65. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on the pasted down front free end paper. Stamp to title page, othrewise a fine copy. Pp. 593-604 [Entire volume: (1), 736, VII pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Lenards infamous paper in which he - on the grounds of anti-Semitism - gave priority for ""E=mc²"" to Hasenöhrl. After Einstein had published his theory in 1905 Hasenöhrl published his results on cavity radiation. The similarity between those formulas led some critics of Einstein, up until the 1930s, to claim that he plagiarized the formula from Hasenöhrl. However, Max von Laue quickly rebutted those claims by saying that the inertia of electromagnetic energy was long known before Hasenöhrl, especially by the works of Henri Poincaré (1900) and Max Abraham (1902), while Hasenöhrl only used their results for his calculation on cavity radiation. Laue continued by saying that credit for establishing the inertia of all forms of energy (the real mass-energy equivalence) goes to Einstein, who was also the first to understand the deep implications of that equivalence in relation to relativity.""Lenard’s anti-Semitism and nationalism increased. He attributed the turmoil in the newspapers about the general theory of relativity to an agreement between Einstein and the Jewish press. When the so-called Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher Naturforscher zur Erhaltung reiner Wissenschaft, founded by nationalistic and anti-Semitic demagogues, began a slander campaign against Einstein in Berlin in the summer of 1920, Lenard volunteered to head the movement.The growing conflict broke into the open on 9 September 1920 at the eighty-sixth conference of the Deutsche Naturforscher und Ärzte in Bad Nauheim. The debate over the general theory of relativity turned into a dramatic duel between Einstein and Lenard. As Max Born recounted it, Lenard directed ""sharp, malicious attacks against Einstein, with an unconcealed anti-Semitic bias."" Fortunately, Max Planck, who was presiding over the debate, was able to prevent an uproar."" (DSB).‎

Referencia librero : 50282

‎"LE CHATELIER, HENRI LOUIS. - INVENTION OF THE PLATINUM THERMOCOUPLE.‎

‎Sur la variation produite par une élèvation de température, dans la force électromotrice des couples thermo-électriques.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1886. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 102, No 14. Pp. (783-) 834. (Entire issue offered). Le Chatelier's paper: pp. 819-822.‎

‎"LEBEDEV, P.N.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Druckkräfte des Lichtes. - [FIRST CONFIRMATION OF MAXWELL'S ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY]‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1901. 8vo. Bound in full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vol. 6, 1901. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on to front end papers, stamp to title page, otherwise a fine copy. Pp. 433-58. [Entire volume: VIII, 876 pp. + 3 folded plates].‎

‎"LEBEDEW, PETER. (PYOTR NICOLAYEVICH).‎

‎Ueber die abstossende Kraft strahlender Körper.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1892. Orig. printed wrappers, no backstrip. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 45, No. 2. Pp. (193-) 384 a. 4 plates. Plates loose. (Entire issue offered with wrappers (Heft 2)). Lebedew's paper: pp. 292-297.‎

‎"LEE, T.D. (+) C. N. YANG.‎

‎Question of Parity Conservation in Weak Interactions. - [FOUNDATIONAL THEORY OF THE UNIVERSAL FORCES OF NATURE]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1956. Lex8vo. Volume 104, October 1, No. 1, 1956 of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. Entire volume offered. In the original printed blue wrappers. Minor bumping and sunning to extremities, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 254-58. [Entire issue: Pp. (2), 272 pp.].‎

‎"LEIBNITII, GODOFREDI GUILIELMI. (GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ) & BERNOULLII (IACOBI). (JACOB BERNOULLI) & BERNOULLII (IOHANNIS). (JOHANN BERNOULLI).‎

‎Specimen Dynamicum (+) Notatiuncula Constructiones Lineae in qua Sacoma aequilibrium cum pondere moto faciens incedere debet. Et quaedam de Quadraturis (+) Resposio ad nonnullas Difficultates a Bern. Nieuwentüt circa Methodum differentialem motas (+) ... - [FIRST PUBLICATION OF THE ""BERNOULLI EQUATION"".]‎

‎Leipzig, Grosse & Gleditsch, 1695. 4to. Contemp. full vellum. Faint handwritten title on spine. A small stamp on titlepage and pasted library label to pasted down front free end-paper. In: ""Acta Eruditorum Anno MDCXCV"". (2), 560, (52) pp. + 10 plates. As usual with various browning to leaves and plates. The entire volume offered. Leibniz's papers: pp. 145-57" 184-185 310-316 369-372 493-495. Jacob Bernoulli's paper: pp. 537-553 + one folding table 65-66. Johann Bernoulli's: pp. 59-65 " 374-376.‎

‎"LENARD, P. (PHILIPP).‎

‎Über die Absorption von Kathodenstrahlen verschiedener Geschwindigkeit. - [THE FIRST SCATTERING EXPERIMENT]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1903. 8vo. In full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 12. Entire volume offered. Library labels to front end papers and stamp to title page, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 714-44. [Entire volume: VIII, 1184 pp. + 3 plates.].‎

‎"LENARD, P. (PHILIPP). - THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT.‎

‎Ueber die lichtelektrische Wirkung.‎

‎(Berlin, J.A. Barth, 1902). No wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge. Band 8, No 5. Pp. 1-232 a. 1 folded plate. (Entire issue offered, No. 5). Lenard's paper: pp. 149-198. The block is punched in inner margins after cords. Punching does not affects the text. Fine and clean.‎

‎"LENZ, E. (HEINRICH FRIEDRICH EMIL.). - THE LAW OF RESISTIVITY.‎

‎On the Laws of the Conducting Powers of Wires of different Lenghts and Diameters for Electricity.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1837). No wrappers. Extracted fron ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from The Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science and Learned Societies. Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. I, pp. 311-324. Disbound.‎

‎"LISSAJOUS, (JULES ANTOINE). - THE ""LISSAJOUS FIGURES"" AND THE ""PHONOPTOMÈTRE""‎

‎Mémoire sur l'Étude optique des Mouvements vibratoires. Mémoire présenté à l'Academie des Sciences dans la séance du 6 avril 1857.‎

‎Paris, Victor Msson, 1857. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 51. 512 pp. a. 2 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Lissajous paper: pp. 147-231 a. 2 large folded engraved plates showing his experimental apparatus, his Phonoptomètre and the curves.‎

‎First appearance of Lissajous's most substantiel paper in which he describes his experimental technique by which he, together with Helmholtz, founded the modern sound theory. His invention of the Phonoptomètre, a vibratingmicroscope in which a tuning fork is attached to the objective lens, is also described and depicted on the plate.""Lissajous developed an optical method for studying vibration and was generally interested in the physics of wave motion. ""Lissajous igures"" are the curves in the xy plane generated by the functions y=a sin( (w1t + q1) and x=b sin (w2t + q2), where w1 and w2 are small integers. The curves are today easily produced on an oscilloscope screen"" but Lissajous obtained them in the context of acoustics, from the superposition of the vibrations of the tuning forks....The French physicists awarded the Lacaze Prize to Lissajous for his ""beautiful experiments"" and both Rayleigh and Tyndall discussed his work in their treatises on sound.""(DSB VIII, pp. 398-99.).‎

Referencia librero : 44169

‎"LISSAJOUS, (JULES ANTOINE). - THE ""LISSAJOUS FIGURES"" AND THE ""PHONOPTOMÈTRE""‎

‎Mémoire sur l'Étude optique des Mouvements vibratoires. Mémoire présenté à l'Academie des Sciences dans la séance du 6 avril 1857.‎

‎Paris, Victor Msson, 1857. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 51. 512 pp. a. 2 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Lissajous paper: pp. 147-231 a. 2 large folded engraved plates showing his experimental apparatus, his Phonoptomètre and the curves.‎

‎"LOMONOSOW (LOMONOSOV), MICHAELE (MIKHAIL).‎

‎De Motu Aeris in Fondinis.‎

‎(Petropoli (St. Petersbourg), 1750). 4to. Uncut, without wrappers. Extracted from ""Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae"", Tom. I. ad Annum 1747 et 1748. Pp. 267-275 a. 1 engraved plate with 2 figs. (ad p.268 a. ad p. 269). Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of one of Lomonosov's earliest paper, dealing with the physics of air in artesian wells.Also conatining a paper by G.W. Richmann: ""Tentamen Explicandi Phaenomenon Paradoxon...Scil. Thermometro Mercurialis..."" Pp. 284-290.""Lomonosov was founder of Russian science, and he would be universally recognized as a great pioneer of science had he been born a West European. He was famous also for his literary works, including poems and dramas. In 1755 he wrote a Russian Grammar that reformed the language and in the same year he helped found the University of Moscow. In 1760 he published the first history of Russia.""(Isaac Asimov).‎

Referencia librero : 42894

‎"LODGE, OLIVER.‎

‎Experiments on the Absence of Mechanical Connection between Ether and Matter. Received January 19, - Read March 4, 1897.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1897). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1897, Volume 189 - Series A. - Pp. 149-166, textillustrations. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a main paper recording further importent experiments - Lodge had already in 1893 in an ingenious experiments showed that the ether was not carried along with moving matter - with the ""ether-drag"", giving further evidence for the postulate that moving matter could not drag the ether along with it. Like the Michelson-Morley experiments, Lodge's paper contributed to the decline of the ether theory and to set the stage for the theory of relativity.‎

Referencia librero : 42933

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Les Ëquations du Mouvement des Gaz, et la Propagation du Son suivant la Théorie cinétique des Gaz.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1881. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrapper (only rearwrapper a. backstrip, frontwr. lacks). Wrapper a bit frayed at edges. A faint stamp on titlepage. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par E.H. von Baumhauer"", Tome XVI. VI,476,(1) pp. a. 9 lithographed plates. plates. Uncut and unopened, clean and fine. (The entire volume offered). Lorentz's paper pp. pp. 1-46.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper on the kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics in which Lorentz worked out a number of problems still existing in the molecular-kinetic interpretation of thermodynamics, and he corrects here Boltzmann's proof of the H-theorem.‎

Referencia librero : 43367

‎"LOCKYER, JOSEPH NORMAN.‎

‎On the Photographic Spectra of some of the Brighter Stars. Received November 3, - Read December 8, 1892.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1893). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1893, Volume 184 - Series A. Pp. 675-726 a. 5 large folded plates showing the spectra of different stars.‎

‎First appearance of an importent investigation on stellar physics in which he tries to classify stars according to their spectral differences, deducing differences in temperature etc.etc. ""Lockyer's scheme of stellar development has been modified in many impiortent details, but its basic principle, of both rising and falling temperatures in the life history of a star, is the central idea of our present theories of stellar evolution.""(A Source Book in Astronomy"", p.353).""Joseph Norman Lockeyer (1836-1920), pioneer English astrophysicist. He made importent advances in the field of solar and stellar physics, and is responsible for naming the element helium, for emphasizing the two-branch theory of stellar evolution, and (jointly with Janssen) for the method of observing solar prominences without an eclipsee."" (Source Book in Astronomy).‎

Referencia librero : 44182

‎"LONDON, FRITZ.‎

‎Quantenmechanische Deutung der Theorie von Weyl.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1927. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 42, 1927. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 375-389. [Entire volume: VIII, 917 pp.].‎

‎First printing of London's early paper on Gauge Theories and Weak Interactions in which London anticipated many of Weyl and Pauli's ideas on the same subject.""In the face of such elementary experimental evidence, it must have been an unusually strong metaphysical conviction that prevented Weyl from abandoning the idea that Nature would have to make use of the beautiful geometrical possibility that was o?ered. He stuck to his conviction and evaded discussion of the above-mentioned contradictions through a rather unclear re-interpretation of the concept of ""real state"", which, however, robbed his theory of its immediate physical meaning and attraction."" (From the present paper).‎

Referencia librero : 49017

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Sur la Théorie des Phénomènes Thermo-Électriques.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1889. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. A faint stamp on frontwrapper and on titlepage. Top of frontwrapper with a tear, no loss. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosscha"", Tome XXIII, 2me Livraison. Pp. 93-198. Uncut and unopened, clean and fine. (The entire issue offered). Lorentz's paper pp.115-150. Titlepage to volume XXIII present. Titlepage a bit frayed in margin.‎

‎First appearance of this paper which can be regarded as one of the steps towards Lorentz's electron theory of 1892.‎

Referencia librero : 43368

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. - THE MOLECULAR THEORY OF DILUTE SOLUTIONS.‎

‎Sur la Théorie moléculaire des Dissolutions diluées.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1891. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosschar"", Tome XXV, 2me Livraison. Pp. (101-) 226 (entire issue offered). Lorentz's paper: pp. 107-130. A faint stamp to frontwrapper and to the first page.‎

‎First edition. In this paper Lorentz applies statistical methods to his molecular theory of dlute solutions, discussing the phenomena of osmosis (van't Hoff's law of pressure) in this context and Boltzmann's theorem.‎

Referencia librero : 48777

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. & L. (LUDWIG VALENTIN) LORENZ - THE ""LORENZ-LORENTZ EQUATION""‎

‎Ueber die Beziehung zwischen der Fortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit des Lichtes und der Körperdichte" Von H.A. Lorentz. (+) Ueber die Refractionsconstante" von L. Lorenz. (2 Papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1880. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Band IX, Heft 4. Titlepage to Bd. 9. Pp. 513-680 a. 1 folded engraved plate. + Neue Folge Band XI, Heft 9. Titlepage to Bd. 11. Pp. 1-176 a. 2 folded plates. Lorentz's paper"" pp. 641-665 (of Heft 4). Lorenz's paper: pp. 70-103. (2 entire issues offered). A stamp on titlepapges and verso. Both clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of these two fundamental papers, revealing a lasting result in the history of physics, as both authors INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER, discovered the mathematical formula for the dependence of refraction of light upon specific gravity. It is very interesting that they found the formula - now called the Lorenz-Lorentz Equation or Formula - with altogether different ways and methods. They both discovered the formula before 1880, L.V. Lorenz first, but, also independently, published their final versions in the same periodical, and in the same year (the 2 papers offered). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1880 P.‎

Referencia librero : 43412