‎Physics‎

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Le Phénomene découvert par Hall et la Rotation électromagnétique du Plan de Polarisation de la Lumière.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1889. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. Wrappers with tears and some loss. Some marginal tears to the first 15 pages.. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosscha"", Tome XIX. V,478 pp. and 10 plates. Lorentz's paper: pp. 123-152.‎

‎First appearance of Lorentz' paper on the Hall-effect.""In the 1880’s Lorentz’ continuing interest in electro-magnetism was reflected in a paper on the force between two current elements regarded from the point of view of Continental electrodynamics, and in another on the Hall effect and the electromagnetic rotation of the plane of polarization of light.""‎

Bookseller reference : 45873

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Les Ëquations du Mouvement des Gaz, et la Propagation du Son suivant la Théorie cinétique des Gaz.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1881. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrapper (only rearwrapper a. backstrip, frontwr. lacks). Wrapper a bit frayed at edges. A faint stamp on titlepage. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par E.H. von Baumhauer"", Tome XVI. VI,476,(1) pp. a. 9 lithographed plates. plates. Uncut and unopened, clean and fine. (The entire volume offered). Lorentz's paper pp. pp. 1-46.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper on the kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics in which Lorentz worked out a number of problems still existing in the molecular-kinetic interpretation of thermodynamics, and he corrects here Boltzmann's proof of the H-theorem.‎

Bookseller reference : 43367

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Sur L'Application aux Phénomènes Thermo-Électriques, de la Seconde Lois de la Théorie méchanique de la Chaleur.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1886. No wrappers. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles."", Tome XX., 2. issue. With titlepage to volume XX. Pp. 95-170 (=2. issue). Lorentz's paper pp. 129-170. Clean and fine. A faint stamp on titlepage.‎

‎First appearance of this paper which can be regarded as one of the steps towards Lorentz's electron theory of 1892.‎

Bookseller reference : 43375

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Sur la Théorie des Phénomènes Thermo-Électriques.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1889. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. A faint stamp on frontwrapper and on titlepage. Top of frontwrapper with a tear, no loss. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosscha"", Tome XXIII, 2me Livraison. Pp. 93-198. Uncut and unopened, clean and fine. (The entire issue offered). Lorentz's paper pp.115-150. Titlepage to volume XXIII present. Titlepage a bit frayed in margin.‎

‎First appearance of this paper which can be regarded as one of the steps towards Lorentz's electron theory of 1892.‎

Bookseller reference : 43368

‎"LORENTZ, H.A.‎

‎Über positive und negative Elektronen. (Vortrag, gehalten in der American Philosophical Society am 17. April 1906).‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, 1907. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik"", Vierter Band 1907. Heft 2. Entire ""Heft 2"" offered. Pp. 125-230 with printed titlepage to Bd. 4, dated 1908. Lorentz' paper pp. 125-131. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of this paper, a lecture in the American Philosophical Society in 1907.‎

Bookseller reference : 42398

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. & L. (LUDWIG VALENTIN) LORENZ - THE ""LORENZ-LORENTZ EQUATION""‎

‎Ueber die Beziehung zwischen der Fortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit des Lichtes und der Körperdichte" Von H.A. Lorentz. (+) Ueber die Refractionsconstante" von L. Lorenz. (2 Papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1880. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Band IX, Heft 4. Titlepage to Bd. 9. Pp. 513-680 a. 1 folded engraved plate. + Neue Folge Band XI, Heft 9. Titlepage to Bd. 11. Pp. 1-176 a. 2 folded plates. Lorentz's paper"" pp. 641-665 (of Heft 4). Lorenz's paper: pp. 70-103. (2 entire issues offered). A stamp on titlepapges and verso. Both clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of these two fundamental papers, revealing a lasting result in the history of physics, as both authors INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER, discovered the mathematical formula for the dependence of refraction of light upon specific gravity. It is very interesting that they found the formula - now called the Lorenz-Lorentz Equation or Formula - with altogether different ways and methods. They both discovered the formula before 1880, L.V. Lorenz first, but, also independently, published their final versions in the same periodical, and in the same year (the 2 papers offered). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1880 P.‎

Bookseller reference : 43412

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. (+) MAX PLANCK.‎

‎Zur Theorie der Thermoelectricität. (Lorentz). (+) Zur Theorie der Thermoelectricität in metallischen Leitern. (Planck). 2 Papers.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1889. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 36, 5. Heft. Pp. 593-768 a. 1 folded plate. (Entire issue offered). Lorentz's paper: pp. 593-624. Planck's paper: pp. 624-643. With htitle and titlepage to vol. 36. Titlepage with a small stamp.‎

‎This issue of ""Annalen"" contains 2 importent papers on thermoelectricity. Planck's paper represents an importent improvement of William Thomson's theory of thermoelectric currents. (Akademie No 15).‎

Bookseller reference : 45455

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. - THE MOLECULAR THEORY OF DILUTE SOLUTIONS.‎

‎Sur la Théorie moléculaire des Dissolutions diluées.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1891. Lex8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosschar"", Tome XXV, 2me Livraison. Pp. (101-) 226 (entire issue offered). Lorentz's paper: pp. 107-130. A faint stamp to frontwrapper and to the first page.‎

‎First edition. In this paper Lorentz applies statistical methods to his molecular theory of dlute solutions, discussing the phenomena of osmosis (van't Hoff's law of pressure) in this context and Boltzmann's theorem.‎

Bookseller reference : 48777

‎"LORENTZ, H.A. - THE STATIONARY ETHER.‎

‎De L'Influence du Mouvement de la Terre sur les Phénomènes Lumineux.‎

‎Harlem, Les Heritieres Loosjes, 1887. Lex8vo.Orig. printed wrappers. Wrappers a bit frayed at edges. Upper right corner of frontwrapper gone. A faint stamp on wrapper and on titlepage. In ""Archives Néerlandaises des Science Exactes et Naturelles. Redigée par J. Bosscha"", Tome XXI. VI,492 pp. a. 8 plates (2 in chromolithography, 2 with 8 mounted photographs (photottypie)). Uncut and unopened, clean and fine.(The entire volume offered). Lorentz's paper pp. 103-176.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper on the aberration of light ""in which he concluded that Fresnel's view of the luminiferous ether was superior to Stokes's. Unlike Stokes, Fresnel in his theory of aberration assumed that the ether near yhe earth did not participate in its motion. Lorentz thought that the hypothesis of the complete transparancy of matter to the ether was implicit in Fresnel's whole theory.""(DSB VIII, p.493). Lorentz further shows that the results of the Michelson-Morley experiments did not vindicate the theory of Stokes as Michelson thought, and he demonstrates that the results can be explained by his own theory as a combination of Fresnel's and Stokes's theories.‎

Bookseller reference : 43366

‎"LORENZ, (LUDVIG VALENTIN) AND RIEMANN, B. (BERNHARD).‎

‎Ueber die Identität der Schwingungen des Lichts mit den elektrischen Strömen. (And Riemann:) Ein Beitrag zur Elektrodynamik. (2 Papers). - [TWO MILESTONE PAPERS ON THE THEORY OF ELECTROMAGNETISM]‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1867. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spinewith gilt lettering. A few scratches to binding. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 131. (Entire volume offered). (2),X,660 pp. and 5 engraved plates. Small stamps to verso of titlepage and to verso of plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First German edition (which originally appeared the same year in Danish in ""Oversigt over det Kongelige Danske Viidenskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger"") of Lorenz' paper, which contains his important studies on the electromagnetic theory of light in which he - less than two years after, but independently of, Maxwell - found that LIGHT MIGHT BE INTERPRETED AS ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES, and that his equations lead to the CORRECT VALUE FOR THE VELOCITY OF LIGHT. AND: First appearance of RIEMANN'S important paper (issued posthumously) in which he introduces the concept of ""RETARDED POTENTIALS"". Riemann suggests that Poisson's equation be modified by introducing terms which, though too small to be appreciable in ordinary experiments, would be capable of accounting for the propagation of electrical effects through space with a finite velocity c. This, so far as it goes, is in agreement with the view now accepted as correct.""The procedure which Lorenz followed was that of which Riemann had suggested in 1858 (the present paper by Riemann, which was published for the first time in 1867), namely, to modify the accepted formula of electrodynamics by introducing terms which, though too small to be appreciable in ordinary laboratory experiments, would be capable of accounting for the propagation of electrical effects through space with a finite velocity...The (Lorenz-) equations are, however, the fundamental equations of Maxwell's theory"" and therefore the theory of L. Lorenz is practically equivalent to that of Maxwell, so far as concerns the propagation of electromagnetic disturbances through free aether.....he suggested that ALL LUMINOUS VIBRATIONS MIGHT BE CONSTITUTED BY ELECTRIC CURRENTS, and hence that there was 'no longer any reason for maintaining the hypothesis of an aether, since we can admit that space contains sufficient ponderable matter to enable the disturbance to be propagated"" (Edmund Whittaker in ""A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity I"", p. 267-70).""Maxwell seems to have considered the great paper of L. Lorenz on retarded potentials (published simultaneously in 1867 with a paper written in 1858 by B. Riemann on the same theme) as insufficiently supportive of his vision of a dynamical theory of theelectromagnetic field, whereas the present attitude is that Riemann and Lorenz made important contributions to the Maxwellian view."" (Kirk T. McDonald in ""Maxwell's Objection to Lorenz' Retarded Potentials"").‎

Bookseller reference : 43496

‎"LORENZ, L. (LUDVIG VALENTIN).‎

‎Om Elektricitetens Forplantning. (On the propagation of Electricity).‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Bianco Luno, 1873. Contemp. clothbacked blank boards. Offprint from ""Oversigter over d. K.D. Vidensk. Selskabs Forhandlinger. 1879"". A stamp on title-page. (2),32 pp. Scattered brownspots.‎

‎First edition, offprint issue. Lorenz is well known for his achievements in optics, the formula for dependence of refraction upon specific gravity (the Lorentz-Lorenz formula), and his electromagnetic theory of light, developed in a relatively unknown paper of 1867, two years after Maxwell’s famous paper on the same subject.‎

Bookseller reference : 52158

‎"LORENZ, L. (LUDVIG VALENTIN). - ESTABLISHING LORENZ' FORCE LAW.‎

‎Kviksølvets elektriske Ledningsmodstand i absolut Maal.‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Bianco Luno, 1873. Original clothbacked printed boards. Offprint from ""Oversigter over d. K.D. Vidensk. Selskabs Forhandlinger. 1873, Nr. 1). A stamp on title-page. 20 pp. with 1 textillustration (apparatus). Scattered brownspots. Inscribed from the author on top of frontcover ""Vensk. fra Forf"" (i.e. with friendship from the author).‎

‎"LORENZ, L. (LUDWIG VALENTIN) - LIGHT IS IDENTICAL WITH ELECTROMECANICAL WAVES.‎

‎Om Identiteten af Lyssvingninger og elektriske Stømme. (On the Identity of the Vibrations of Light with electrical Currents).‎

‎(København, 1867). Contemp. marbled clothbacked boards. Titlelabel with gilt lettering on upper cover. Pp. 26-45. Extracted from ""Oversigt over det Kgl. danskeVidenskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger 1867, Nr. 1"".‎

‎"LUMMER, O. (+) E GEHRCKE.‎

‎Über die Anwendung der Interferenzen an planparallelen Platten zur Analyse feinster Spektrallinien. - [THE LUMMER-GEHRCKE INTERFEROMETER]‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1903). 8vo. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"" Vierte Folge. Bd. 10. Entire issue no. 3 offered. Pp. 457-477. [Entire issue: Pp.‎

‎First appearance of this important paper in which the ""Lummer-Gehrcke interferometer"" was presented for the first time. ""Since Lummer fringes are the result of differences in path length of many wavelengths, Lummer arrived at the idea, in 1901, of developing the plane parallel plates into a spectroscope of the highest resolution. This device had the advantage of possessing greater resolving power than the interferometer produced in 1897 by Fabry and Perot. The considerable drawback of low luminous intensity, caused by the glancing incidence of the light, was eliminated in 1902 by Gehrcke, who cemented a prism to the plate with Canada balsam. The new apparatus, for which Lummerproposed the name Lummer-Gehrcke interference spectroscope, proved to be an excellent tool for spectroscopy and superior to the simple line grating."" (DSB)Lummer-Gehrcke interferometer is a multiple-beam interferometer similar to the Fabry-Perot etalon, but using light at a steep angle of incidence. The interferometer consists of a long plate of glass or quartz, with faces that are polished accurately flat and parallel. Light bounces back and forth inside the plate, striking the faces at an angle just below the critical angle as it propagates along. Because of the steep angle of incidence, nearly all of the light is reflected, but a tiny fraction leaks out on each bounce.‎

Bookseller reference : 50377

‎"MACH, ERNST & SALCHER, P.‎

‎Photographische Fixierung der durch Projectile in der luft eingeleiteten Vorgänge. [In: Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 95. Band, IV und V. Heft. Jahrgang 1887 April und Mai. Z... - [THE MACH NUMBER]‎

‎Wien, 1887. 8vo. The entire volume. Uncut and unopened in the orig. printed yellow wrappers, some soiling. Lacks upper part of spine, otherwise no tears, creases or lacks. Pp. 764-780 + one plate. [Entire volume: VIII, (2) pp., pp. 761-1120 + 3 plates, two of which are folded].‎

‎First edition of the seminal paper, in which Mach laid the basis for the principles of supersonics, determined the ""sonic boom"", demonstrated an object's speed relative to the speed of sound, now called the ""Mach number"" of an object, and presented the first photograph of a shock wave in front of an object moving at supersonic speed.""Between 1873 and 1893 Mach and various collaborators, including his son Ludwig, devised and perfected optical and photographic techniques to study sound waves and the wave propulsion and gas dynamics of projectiles, meteorites, explosions, and gas jets. Stimulated by the remarks of the Belgian artillerist Henri Melsens, in 1881 Mach undertook to study the flight of projectiles by means of photographic techniques that he had already devised for other experiments in his Prague laboratory. His celebrated 1887 paper on supersonics was published jointly with P. Salcher of the Marine Academy of Fiume (now Rijeka, Yougoslavia) in the ""Sitzungsberichte"" of the Academy of Sciences of Vienna. The experiments described in this classic paper were carried out in Fiume with the support of the Austrian Royal Navy."" (D.S.B., VIII: 597). In this highly influential paper, Mach demonstrates, with the aid of his photograph of a bullet in flight and the shock wave produced by the gas around the tip of it (the first such picture in history), that the angle which the shock wave makes with the direction of its motion is related to the speed of sound and to the speed of the projectile. This angle is called the Mach angle (coined by Ludwig Prandtl in 1907). This discovery turned out to be of ground-breaking character, and in 1929 J. Ackeret suggested to use the term ""Mach number"" for the value of the ratio of the speed of an object to the speed of sound, recognizing the profound effect that this discovery had on aerodynamics for high-speed projectile studies. ""The Mach number was introduced into the literature in English by the late 1930's and since the end of World War II has taken on considerable importance in theoretical and fluid dynamics."" (D.S.B., VIII: 597). Unlike most other units of measure, the number in this case comes after the name of the unit, making the second Mach number not ""2 Mach"", but ""Mach 2"". The ""Mach 2"" thus indicates a velocity of twice the speed of sound. Mach here also determines the effect of an object that travels past the speed of sound, namely the ""sonic boom"". ""By 1885 Mach had worked out the details of supersonic motion, along the way developing high-speed photographic techniques. Most importantly for engineers, Mach Number is the ratio of the speed of sound in the given medium to the speed of the projectile"" his work is essential to modern aerodynamics, and through it the word 'Mach' has bizarrely entered into popular culture as an icon for razors, sound systems, fighter pilots, and high speed fuels."" (Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy).The Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach was highly influential among his contemporaries and is famous for the impact he had on the Vienna Circle. Though his main contribution to physics lies in his seminal description and photographs of the shock waves and his descriptions of how passing the speed of sound compressed air in front of projectiles, his more general contributions to philosophy and science were also immense. He was an early devotee of an extreme form of positivism, and his passionate ways of expounding his theories and his success as a polemicist and popularizer influenced an entire generation of scientists towards a profound skepticism that even extended into the use of abstract mathematics as an element of physical theories. He was highly critical of physical science and tried to free it from all elements that were not verifiable by sensory experience. ""Ernst Mach (18 Februrary, 1838 - 19 February, 1916), made major contributions to, physics, philosophy, and physiological psychology. In physics, the speed of sound bears his name, as he was the first to systematically study super-sonic motion. He also made important contributions to understanding the Doppler effect. His critique of Newtonian ideas of absolute space and time were an inspiration to the young Einstein, who credited Mach as being the philosophical forerunner of relativity theory. His systematic skepticism of the old physics was similarly important to a generation of young German physicists."" (Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy).‎

Bookseller reference : 37984

‎"MACLAURIN, COLIN. - EXTENDING NEWTON'S THIRD LAW.‎

‎Demonstration de Loix du Choc des Corps. (Piece qui a remporté le Prix de L'Academie Royale des Sciences, Proposé pour l'année mil sept cens vingt-quatre, selon Fonadation faite...).‎

‎Paris, Caude Jombert, 1724. 4to. Nice recent marbled boards in old style with titlelabel on frontcover. 24 pp. and one folded engraved plate. A few weak brownspots to margins. Otherwise fine and clean.‎

‎"MAGNAN, CLAUDE - JEAN THIBAUD et ANDRÉ MOUSSA - CHARLES HAENNY et ALBERT ROSENBERG - FRANCIS PERRIN - GUIDO BECK et PETER HAVAS.‎

‎Sur la cassure des noyaux éléments plus légers que l'uranium, sous le bombardement des neutrons. (+) Sur la rupture des noyaux d'uranium sous l'action des neutrons et la libération d'énergie qui en résulte. (+) Émission de neutrons lors de la... - [THE ATOM BOMB AND NUCLEAR ENERGY.]‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1939. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", tome 208, No 10, 12, 18, 20 a. 21. Pp. (5 Entire issues offered). The papers: pp. 742-744, 744-746, 898-900,1394-96,1573-1575 a. 1643-1645. Disbound.‎

‎"MAIMAN, T. A.‎

‎Stimulated Optical Radiation in Ruby. - [THE FIRST OPERATING LASER]‎

‎London, Macmillan, 1960. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with with lettering to spine. In ""Nature"", Vol. 187, 1960. Entire volume offered. Stamp to verso of front board and title-page, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 493-4. [Entire volume: XCI, 1140 pp.].‎

‎First printing of this fundamental paper in the history of the laser, which described the first operating laser. The paper ""might be considered the most important per word of any of the wonderful papers in Nature over the past century"" (Garwin. A century of Nature. P. 107).""Maiman made the first laser operate on 16 may 1960 at the Hughes Research Laboratory in California, by shining a high-power flash lamp on a ruby rod with silver-coated surfaces. He promptly submitted a short report on the work (Stimulated Optical Radiation in Ruby) to the journal Physical Review Letters, but the editors turned it down."" (Ibid.). Maiman turned to Nature where the paper was better received and published on 6 August. It was turned down by Physical Review Letters because Maiman in June 1960 had submitted a paper with a similar topic (Optical and Microwave-Optical Experiments in Ruby). ""While lasers quickly caught the public imagination, perhaps for their similarity to the 'heat rays' of science fiction, practical applications took years to develop. A young physicist named Irnee D'Haenens, while working with Maiman on the ruby laser, joked that the device was 'a solution looking for a problem,' and the line lingered in the laser community for many years"" (Britannica).The development of the laser was essentially built upon the insights discovered by Albert Einstein in 1917 in his ""Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung"". Einstein had shown theoretically that stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation, a re-derivation of Max Planck's law of radiation, would make an atom or molecule to fall to a lower energy state and emit more waves. The development of the laser is not only of seminal importance in itself, it is also a testament to a period in which many of the achievements within theoretical physics reached in the early part of the 20th century went from being theoretical to applied. Gedeon 92.‎

Bookseller reference : 59908

‎"MAIMAN, T. A.‎

‎Stimulated Optical Radiation in Ruby. - [THE FIRST OPERATING LASER]‎

‎London, Macmillan, 1960. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with with lettering to spine. In ""Nature"", Vol. 187, 1960. Entire volume offered. Stamp to verso of front board and title-page, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 493-4. [Entire volume: XCI, 1140 pp.].‎

‎"MAIRAN, DORTOUS DE. (JEAN JACQUES).‎

‎Dissertation sur La Glace, ou Explication physique de la formation de la Glace, & de ses divers phénomènes.‎

‎Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1749. Small 8vo. Contemp. full calf. Richly gilt back. Triple gilt lineborder on covers. Upper compartment of back repaired. Leather along fronthinge cracking, but holding and cover not loose. Spine rubbed. All edges gilt. Engraved frontispiece. XXIX,(10),384,XX pp. and 5 folded engraved plates.‎

‎"MALUS, ETIENNE LOUIS & LAPLACE, PIERRE-SIMONE & WOLLASTON, WILLIAM HYDE. - THE LAWS OF DOUBLE REFRACTION ESTABLISHED.‎

‎Ueber die Messung des Brechungsvermögens der undurchsichtigen Körper. (+) Ueber eine Eigenthümlichkeit des von durchsichtigen Körpern zurückgeworfenen Lichtes. Uebersetzt von Erman, mit einigen Erleuterungen von Tralles. (+ WOLLASTON:) eue Methode die...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1809. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und der Physikalischen Chemie. Hrsg. Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 31, Drittes Stück. Titlepage to vol. 31. Pp. 225-336 a. 1 engraved plate. (Entire issue offered). Malus's papers: pp. 225-234 a. pp. 286-294. Wollaston's papers: pp. 235-251 a. pp. 252-262 a. Erläuterungen von Gilbert pp. 263-273. Laplace's paper: pp. 274-285.‎

‎First apperance in German of these importent papers on the refraction and double refraction of light. The papers by Malus is his first two papers on the refraction of light and Laplace's paper is the memoir in which he commented Malus' paper and Huygen's refraction law. ""In 1788 Haüy found experimentally that Huygen's law was true only in certain special cases, but in 1802 Wollaston found experimental evidence for the Huygenian construction (the second Wollaston paper offered). In ´""Mémoire sur la mesure du pouvoir réfringent"" (the first paper offered) Malus showed that Wollaston's experiments were incomplete, and so the French corpuscularian physicists did not trust Wollaston's results. They thought, moreover, that Wollaston was associated with Tmomas Young and therfore with the new wave hypothesis. In this situation the Institute on January 1808 proposed a prize which required an experimental and theoretical explanation of double refraction. The French ""Newtonian"" scientists hoped that Malus would find a precise and general law for double refraction within the framework of an emission theory of light. Malus was a skilled mathematician and during 1807 he had carried out experiments on double refraction. By december 1808 Malus had finished his experimental investigations, which verified the Huygenian law. What remained was a theoretical deduction of the law. In January 1809, Laplace published a memoir in which he deduced Huygen's law law within the framework of Newtonian mechanics, using the principle of least action, and Malus considered this an insolence which deprived him of the priority. In 1810 Malus von the prize for his ""Théorie sur la double réfraction"", published in 1811.""(DSB IX, p. 73).‎

Bookseller reference : 44061

‎"MARALDI, (GIOVANNI DOMENICO). - THE VELOCITY OF LIGHT.‎

‎Considerations sur la seconde inégalité du mouvement des Satellites de Jupiter, & sur l'hypothese du mouvement successif de la lumiere.‎

‎(Paris, Jean Boudot, 1708). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences"". Année 1707. Pp. 25-32. A small tear to inner margins.‎

‎"MARCONI, GUGLIELMO. - MARCONI'S ""MAGGIE"" - THE MAGNETIC DETECTOR - WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY‎

‎""Note on a Magnetic Detector of Electrical Waves, which can be employed as a receiver for Space Telegraphy."" (+) ""A Note on the Effect of Daylight upon the Propagation of Electromagnetic Impulses over Long Distances."" (2 papers).‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1902). No wrappers, as extracted from ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London."", Vol. LXX. Pp. 341-344 a. pp. 344-347.‎

‎"MARTIN, W. H.‎

‎Decibel - The Name for the Transmission Unit. - [COINING THE WORD ""DECIBEL""]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1929. Lex8vo. Volume VIII, January, No. 1, 1929 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". In the original printed blue wrappers. Tear to upper part of spine. A bit of minor browning to extremities. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 1-2. [Entire issue: 216 pp.].‎

‎"MASKELYNE, NEVIL.‎

‎An Account of Observations made on the Mountain Schehallien for finding its attraction. Read at the Royal Society, July 6, 1775 (+) A Proposal for measuring the Attraction of some Hill in the Kingdom by Astronomical Observations. - [THE FIRST CONVINCING EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATION OF THE UNIVERSALITY OF GRAVITATION]‎

‎London, Lockyer Davis, 1775. 4to. In recent marbled paper wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"". Including title-page of volume. Leaves reinforced in margin. Very light brownspotting through out and light offsetting from folding plate as usual. (2), iii-vii, (1), 495-542 pp.‎