‎Physique‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, W.C.‎

‎Ueber die Dicke von cohärenten Oelschichten auf der Oberfläche des Wassers.‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1890. Orig. printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"" pp. 321-329.‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, W.C.‎

‎Ueber die von Herrn Kerr gefundene neue Beziehung zwischen Licht und Elektricität.‎

‎(Giessen, 1880). Offprint from ""Berich der Oberhess. Gesellschaft f. Natur-u. Heilkunde"" pp. 1-16 and 1 lithographed plate. From the library of H. Becquerel with his small paperlabel pasted on front with the booknumber ""B 1919"".‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, W.C. (WILHELM CONRAD). - THE SECOND SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION BEGINS.‎

‎Ueber eine neue Art von Strahlen. (Erste- Zweite Mittheilung) + Weitere Betrachtungen über die Eigenschaften der X-Strahlen. (Dritte Mittheilung). 3 Papers (all).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1898. Contemp. hcalf, spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Some scratches to spine and corners bumped and with wear. Some scratching to boards.Stamps to titlepage and one leaf. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"", Neue Folge, Band 64. VIII,(2),812 a. 2 plates. (Entire volume offered). Röntgen's papers: 1. pp. 1-11, pp. 12-17 a. pp. 18-37. Internally clean.‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, W.C. und A. KUNDT.‎

‎""Ueber die elektromagnetische Drehung der Polarisationsebene des Lichtes in den Gasen"".‎

‎(München, 1879). From ""Sitzungsberichte...München"" pp. 147-170 and 2 folded lithographed plates. From the library of H. Becquerel with his small paperlabel pasted on front with the booknumber ""B 1917""‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, W.C. und J. SCHNEIDER.‎

‎Ueber die Compressibilität des Sylvins, des Steinsalzes und der wässerigen Chlorkaliumlösungen.‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1888. Orig. printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie..."" pp. 531-551.‎

‎"RÖNTGEN, WILHELM CONRAD & HEINRICH HERTZ. - HERTZ'S PRINCIPLE OF THE UNITY OF ELECTRIC FORCE.‎

‎Neue Versuche über die Absorption von Wärme durch Wasserdampf. 2 Parts. (+ Hertz:) Ueber die Beziehungen zwischen den Maxwellschen electrodynamischen Grundgleichungen und den Grundgleichungen der gegnerischen Electrodynamik.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1884. Contemp.hcalf. Raised bands, gilt spine. Spine very slightly rubbed. Small stamp on htitle, title and verso of titlepage.""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann"". Neue Folge Bd. 23. VIII,696 pp. and 8 folded plates. Röntgen's paper: pp. 1-40 a. 259-298, 2 folded plates. - Hertz's paper: pp. 84-103. Clean and fine.‎

‎"SALAM, A. & WARD, J. C.‎

‎Electromagnetic and Weak Interactions. - [PREDICTION OF W AND Z BOSONS - THE NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1979]‎

‎Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1964. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Physics Letters"", Vol. 13, 1964. Library stamp to upper part of pasted down front free end-paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. 168-171. [Entire volume: 368 pp.].‎

‎First printing of this seminal paper which provides a unified theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions. Their theory predicted the existence of new elementary particles, the W and Z bosons. These particles were found in experiments performed in 1983. For this work Salam shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 with Glashow and Weinberg.""Beginning in the late 1950s, Salam's group at Imperial had become perhaps the most active of the groups working in gauge theories during a period in which quantum field theories had been displaced by another approach, the S-matrix model. While many theorists were looking toward this latter method in the hopes of avoiding the seemingly intractable difficulties that had begun to arise with field-theoretic calculations, Salam believed that a more ""fundamental"" explanation would have to come from invoking the standard perturbation method for quantum field theory. This conviction, shared by his collaborators at Imperial, was transmitted to his students. In 1964 the group started a research program on gauge theories. The aim of this program was to find the mathematical group of transformations that left ""invariant"" the laws that rule an interaction: The question was whether or not the interaction depended on certain physical properties of the particles, such as electric charge or other ""quantum numbers.""The aim was to find symmetry groups that showed that interactions that seem essentially different are just manifestations of a more general one, such as in the electromagnetic theory, in which Salam's goal was to unify electromagnetic and weak interactions."" (DSB)‎

Ссылка продавца : 47012

‎"SAVARY, F. (FELIX). - INSPIRING JOSEPH HENRY'S ELECTRICAL RESEARCHES.‎

‎Mémoire sur l'Aimentation. (Lu á l'Academie des Sciences le 31 Juillet 1826). (+) Addition au Mémoire de M. Savary sur l'Aimentation.‎

‎Paris, Chez Crochard, 1827. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Series 2, Tome 34. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Scattered brownspots.Savary'spaper: pp. 5-57 and pp. 220-221.‎

‎First printing of Savary's importent paper, the phenomena investigated here helped Joseph Henry to discover sel-induction, and it was Savary who was the first to describe in this paper his hypothesis of the oscillatory nature of the discharge of a Leyden jar connected to an inductor. In his Mémoire, he documented the experiments which helped lead to his conclusion of the oscillatory discharge of the Leyden jar, which Joseph Henry expanded upon fifteen years later in America while working on his experiments in induction.""Savary inferred that a charged Leyden jar would discharge in a damped oscillatory manner. This inference was based on observations of magnetization of short thin steel needles. Here needles were placed at varying distances near (and perpendicular) to a 2-meter-long wire loop used to discharge the Leyden jar. Magnetization of the needles would reverse direction (up to three times) as a function of distance from the wire in the loop. (Needles were placed close to the wire starting from a fraction of a mm to about 1 cm away.) Joseph Henry was stimulated by Savary's observation. Henry repeated Savary's work starting in 1835 and then extended it to magnetizing steel needles in a secondary circuit. Henry published his findings in 1842. Henry placed a steel needle in a spiral in a secondary circuit and removed the secondary circuit to a distance of 30 feet. The magnetizing of a steel needle at this distance is evidence of high frequency transmission and detection. We are working to determine the general range of frequencies of oscillation in Henry's study, but it appears to be near 6 MHz. At 6 MHz the wavelength of the radiation is 50 meters (150 feet), so Henry's observation of magnetization at a distance of 30 feet corresponds to the near field. This remote magnetization is evidence of high-frequency induction rather than radio transmission as is sometimes suggested."" (Princeton.edu)The volume contains other notable papers by Gay-Lussac, Mosander, Boussingault et al. and CLAUDE NAVIER'S importent paper ""Sur le Mouvement d'un fluide élastique qui s'écoule hors d'un réservoir ou gazomètre"", pp. 400-407.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47845

‎"SANDBERG, I. W.‎

‎Some Results on the Theory of Physical Systems Governed by Nonlinear Functional Equations. - [PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS IN PHYSICAL SYSTEMS]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1965. 8vo. Volume XLIV, Number 5, May-June 1965 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". Entire volume offered. In the original printed blue wrappers. With previous owner's name stamped to front wrapper. Sunning to spine and margins of front wrapper. An overall nice and clean copy. Pp. 871-898. [Entire volume: Pp. 731-935 + one folded diagram].‎

‎First publication of Sandberg's first paper on the properties of solutions of nonlinear functional equations in physical systems.""With a few exceptions, however, the users of linear theory, when faced with the presence of a nonlinear element, were forced either to fall back on the classical technique of analyzing the stability of system only under small perturbations, or else to treat the nonlinearity itself as a small perturbation. In a SEMINAL SEQUENCE OF PAPERS beginning in 1963 [the present paper being the first publication], I. W. Sandberg at Bell Labs set forth a full analysis, not limited to small perturbations, of the stability of feedback systems containing nonlinear elements of a precisely specified kind."" (Millman, S. A History of Engineering & Science in the Bell System, 1984, p. 31).‎

Ссылка продавца : 43507

‎"SAVART, FELIX. - THE RATIONALIZED VIOLIN AND THE PHYSICS OF THE VIOLIN.‎

‎Sur la Communication des mouvemens vibratoires entre les corps solides.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1820. Uncut with orig. printed wrappers (Juin-issue). In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago"" Tome XIV, Juin issue, pp. 113-222. (Entire issue in orig. wrappers). Savart's paper: pp. 113-172 and 3 folded engraved plates.‎

‎First printing of a pioneer paper on the acoustics of the violin and on the construction of the Trapezoidal Fiddle.""In his earliest work Savart gave the first explanation of the function of certain parts of the violin. To learn how vibrations are transmitted from the strings to the rest of the instrument, he induced vibrations in a free wood plate by passing a vibrating string over a bridge at its center" he also used Chladni’s sand-pattern technique to observe the resulting nodal lines. Savart showed that the bridge transmits the string’s vibrations that the plate can be made to vibrate at any frequency" and that the corresponding mode is a modification of an unforced mode. He demonstrated that the sound post also serves to transmit vibrations, and he explained that it therefore should not be placed under a nodal line. Thinking that symmetry and regularity would produce the best tone, Savart built a trapezoidal violin with rectangular sound holes. When the instrument was played before a committee that included Biot, the Composer Cherubini, and other members of the Academy of Sciences and the Académie des Beaux-Arts, its tone was judged as extremely clear and even, but somewhat subdued.""(DSB).The issue also contains Eilhard Mitscherlich' famous paper in the first French version ""Sur la Relation qui existe entre la forme cristalline et les proportions chimiques"", pp. 172-190.‎

Ссылка продавца : 46032

‎"SABINE, EDWARD. - THE ARCTIC EXPEDITIONS.‎

‎An account of experiments to determine the acceleration of the Pendulum in different Latitudes. Read March 8, 1821.‎

‎(London, W.Bulmer and W. Nicol, 1821). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1821 - Part I. Pp. 164-190 a. 5 folded tables.‎

‎"SALAM, A. & WARD, J. C.‎

‎Electromagnetic and Weak Interactions. - [PREDICTION OF W AND Z BOSONS - THE NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1979]‎

‎Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1964. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Physics Letters"", Vol. 13, 1964. Library stamp to upper part of pasted down front free end-paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. 168-171. [Entire volume: 368 pp.].‎

‎"SAUSSURE, HORACE-BÉNÉDICT DE. - ONE OF THE GREATEST SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY (CUVIER)‎

‎Essais sur L'Hygrometrie. I-IV. (I. Description d'un nouvel Hygrometre comparable. II. Théorie de l'hygrométrie. III. Théorie de l'évaporation. IV. Application des théories précédentes à quelques phénomenes de la météorologie.).‎

‎Neuchatel, Samuel Fauche, 1783. 4to. Bound in fine contemp. full sprinckled calf, raised bands and richly gilt spine. Wear to head of spine. Without the 2 free endpapers. Halftitle present and with stamps. XXIV,367 pp., 2 engraved plates (1 folded). The folded plate depicts his two types of Hair-Hygrometers a. 1 engraved vignette. A fine clean and wide-margined copy.‎

‎"SAVARY, F. (FELIX). - INSPIRING JOSEPH HENRY'S ELECTRICAL RESEARCHES.‎

‎Mémoire sur l'Aimentation. (Lu á l'Academie des Sciences le 31 Juillet 1826). (+) Addition au Mémoire de M. Savary sur l'Aimentation.‎

‎Paris, Chez Crochard, 1827. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Series 2, Tome 34. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Scattered brownspots.Savary'spaper: pp. 5-57 and pp. 220-221.‎

‎"SCHRÖDINGER, E. (ERWIN). - RENOUNCING STATIONARY STATES IN QUANTUM PHYSICS.‎

‎Are there Quantum Jumps ?. Part I-II.‎

‎Edinburgh, Nelson and Sons, 1952-53. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. In: ""The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science"", Vol. III (May 1952 to February 1953). XIV,394 pp. Entire volume offered. Stamps to foot of titlepage and a few other pages. Schrödinger's papers: pp. 109-123 a. 233-242. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of these importent papers on the philosophy of Quantum physics. ""If we have to go on with these damned quantum jumps, then I'm sorry that I ever got involved."" (E.Schrodinger).""In it he contrasts the smooth evolution of the Schrodinger wavefunction with the erratic behaviour of the picture by which the wavefunction is usually supplemented, or 'interpreted', in the minds of most physicists. He objects in particular to the notion of 'stationary states', and above all to 'quantum jumping' between those states. He regards these concepts as hangovers from the old Bohr quantum theory, of 1913, and entirely unmotivated by anything in the mathematics of the new theory of 1926. (J.S. Bell).‎

Ссылка продавца : 49100

‎"SCHRÖDINGER, ERWIN.‎

‎Die gegenwärtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik I-III [All]. (The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics). - [SCHRÖDINGER'S CAT]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1935. Royal8vo. Bound in recent half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Die Naturwissenschaften"", Vol 23, 1935. Minor wear to extremities, otherwise a very fine and clean copy. Pp. 807-812" Pp. 823-828" Pp. 844-849. [Entire volume: XIX, (1), 870, 8 pp.].‎

‎First edition and first announcement of Schrödinger's famous reply to the EPR-paradox, arguably the most celebrated and influential illustration of the paradoxes of quantum theory also known as Schrödinger's Cat. When in May 1935 Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen published the so-called EPR-paper in ""Physical Review"", they set out to demonstrate that the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics could not constitute a complete description of nature. The EPR-article prompted a number of responses, e.g. from Bohr, the co-founder of the Copenhagen School, who began writing his response immediately after the publication of the Physical Review article. It is this debate that Schrödinger participates in with his seminal paper on ""The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics"", in which he presents what is now famously known as Schrödinger's Cat. Schrödinger's Cat is the name of the thought experiment that Schrödinger develops in this article and that was intended as a discussion of the EPR article.After the publication of the EPR article, Einstein and Schrödinger had begun an exchange of letters on the subject of the possibility of quantum mechanics, as interpreted by the Copenhagenists, representing reality. During this exchange of letters, Schrödinger had been inspired by Einstein's view of the problem of applying the Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum mechanics to everyday objects. But Schrödinger, in his response, took his illustration of the absurdity of the interpretation and the incompleteness of quantum mechanics a step further" he applied it to a living entity, namely a cat. Schrödinger imagines a sealed box containing a cat, a bottle of poison, a radioactive source, a Geiger counter and a hammer. When the Geiger counter detects radiation, a mechanism is switched on that makes the hammer fall the hammer breaks the bottle, and the poison kills the cat. Because it is random, when the Geiger counter will detect radiation, and because in Quantum mechanics, physical conditions are described with the aid of a wave-function that explains all possible conditions of the system, Quantum mechanics, according to the Copenhagen interpretation, would come to the conclusion that the cat in the box is both living and dead, at the same time (the wave function is made up of a superposition of the two conditions -the cat being living and the cat being dead-" the two positions collapse into one, as soon as the system is interpreted as consisting of only one condition -either dead or living cat-, with the sole possible conclusion that the cat is both). Due to Heisenberg and Bohr's independent interpretation of Quantum theory (the ""Copenhagen interpretation), Quantum theory had in 1927 developed in a direction unforeseen by Schrödinger. ""Schrödinger was ""concerned and disappointed"" that this ""transcendental, almost physical interpretation of the wave phenomena"" had become the ""almost universally accepted dogma."""" (D.S.B. XII, p. 221). His most famous and widely used attack on this interpretation was that of ""Schrödinger's Cat"". This paradox of the dead-and-alive cat vigorously illustrated the absurdity of quantum mechanics and what was necessary to describe the states within this system. The thought experiment of Schrödinger's cat turned out to be hugely influential, and has become a standard paradox within both physics and philosophy.‎

Ссылка продавца : 47045

‎"SCHRÖDINGER, ERWIN.‎

‎Die gegenwärtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik I-III [All]. (The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics). - [SCHRÖDINGER'S CAT]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1935. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with paper label pasted on to spine. In ""Die Naturwissenschaften"", Vol 23, 1935. Complete issue offered. Light browning throughout and Schrödinger's paper with underlignings. Pp 807-812" Pp. 823-828" Pp. 844-849. [Entire volume: 870, XIX pp].‎

‎First edition and first announcement of Schrödinger's famous reply to the EPR-paradox (also known as Schrödinger's Cat). When in May 1935 Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen published the so-called EPR-paper in ""Physical Review"", they set out to demonstrate that the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics could not constitute a complete description of nature. The EPR-article prompted a number of responses, e.g. from Bohr, the co-founder of the Copenhagen School, who began writing his response immediately after the publication of the Physical Review article. It is this debate that Schrödinger participates in with his seminal paper on ""The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics"", in which he presents what is now famously known as Schrödinger's Cat. Schrödinger's Cat is the name of the thought experiment that Schrödinger develops in this article and that was intended as a discussion of the EPR article.After the publication of the EPR article, Einstein and Schrödinger had begun an exchange of letters on the subject of the possibility of quantum mechanics, as interpreted by the Copenhagenists, representing reality. During this exchange of letters, Schrödinger had been inspired by Einstein's view of the problem of applying the Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum mechanics to everyday objects. But Schrödinger, in his response, took his illustration of the absurdity of the interpretation and the incompleteness of quantum mechanics a step further" he applied it to a living entity, namely a cat. Schrödinger imagines a sealed box containing a cat, a bottle of poison, a radioactive source, a Geiger counter and a hammer. When the Geiger counter detects radiation, a mechanism is switched on that makes the hammer fall the hammer breaks the bottle, and the poison kills the cat. Because it is random, when the Geiger counter will detect radiation, and because in Quantum mechanics, physical conditions are described with the aid of a wave-function that explains all possible conditions of the system, Quantum mechanics, according to the Copenhagen interpretation, would come to the conclusion that the cat in the box is both living and dead, at the same time (the wave function is made up of a superposition of the two conditions -the cat being living and the cat being dead-" the two positions collapse into one, as soon as the system is interpreted as consisting of only one condition -either dead or living cat-, with the sole possible conclusion that the cat is both). Due to Heisenberg and Bohr's independent interpretation of Quantum theory (the ""Copenhagen interpretation), Quantum theory had in 1927 developed in a direction unforeseen by Schrödinger. ""Schrödinger was ""concerned and disappointed"" that this ""transcendental, almost physical interpretation of the wave phenomena"" had become the ""almost universally accepted dogma."""" (D.S.B. XII, p. 221). His most famous and widely used attack on this interpretation was that of ""Schrödinger's Cat"". This paradox of the dead-and-alive cat vigorously illustrated the absurdity of quantum mechanics and what was necessary to describe the states within this system. The thought experiment of Schrödinger's cat turned out to be hugely influential, and has become a standard paradox within both physics and philosophy.‎

Ссылка продавца : 49056

‎"SCHRÖDINGER, ERWIN.‎

‎Energieaustausch nach der Wellenmechanik.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. full cloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 83. Entire volume offered. Schrödinger's paper: Pp. 956-68. [Entire volume: VIII, 1224 pp. + 9 plates.]. Stamp to inside frontcover, stamped in blind on titlepage. Internally clean.‎

‎First printing of Schroedinger's important paper which preceded the great work by von Neumann (November 1927) connecting thermodynamics and quantum mechanics. Von Neumann showed, in a paper published 1927, how generalized infinite-dimensional Euclidean spaces (function spaces) and linear operators provide the proper mathematical framework for quantum mechanics.‎

Ссылка продавца : 48817

‎"SCHROEDINGER, ERWIN.‎

‎Energieaustausch nach der Wellenmechanik.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1927. 8vo. Bound in full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 83. Entire band 83 offered. Library stamps to front free end-papers. Fine and clean. Pp. 956-68. [Entire volume: VIII, 1224 pp. + 9 plates.].‎

‎First printing of Schroedinger's important paper which preceded the great work by von Neumann (November 1927) connecting thermodynamics and quantum mechanics. Von Neumann showed, in a paper published 1927, how generalized infinite-dimensional Euclidean spaces (function spaces) and linear operators provide the proper mathematical framework for quantum mechanics.‎

Ссылка продавца : 50602

‎"SCHRÖDINGER, ERWIN.‎

‎Grundlinien einer Theorie der Farbenmetrik im Tagessehen, I-III.‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1920. 8vo. In contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 63. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on the pasted down front free end paper. Stamp to title page and repairs to first 3 leaves (not affecting text), otherwise a fine copy. Pp. 397-426" Pp. 427-456" Pp. 481-520. [Entire volume: VIII, 923, VII pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Schrödinger's important three-paper series of a theory of colour measurement for daylight vision. ""His first papers on relativity pointed to a second major field of interest. In addition to these works, and his early papers on relativity, Schrödinger made a detailed study, through both measurement and computation, of the metric of color space and the theory of color vision."" (DSB).‎

Ссылка продавца : 50321

‎"SCHØNING, GERHARD.‎

‎Nordlysets Ælde beviist med gamle Skribenters Vidnesbyrd.‎

‎(Kjøbenhavn, Waeysenhuuses Bogtrykkerie, 1760). 4to. Uden omslag. Udsnit af ""Skrifter, som udi det Kiøbenhavnske Selskab af Lærdoms og Videnskabers Elskere ere fremlagte og oplæste i Aaret 1759. og 1760"". Ottende Deel."" Pp. 197-316.‎

Ссылка продавца : 58321

‎"SCHRÖDINGER (SCHROEDINGER), ERWIN.‎

‎Quantisierung als Eigenwertproblem. (Erste-Vierte Mitteilung) + Über das Verhältnis der Heisenberg-Born-Jordanschen Quantenmechanik zu der meinen. - [THE BIRTH OF WAVE MECHANICS]‎

‎Leipzig, J.A. Barth, 1926. 8vo. All five paper bound separately in blank blue wrappers. Extracted from In ""Annalen der Physik. Hrsg. von W. Wien und M. Planck., Vierte Folge, Bde. 79-81.""Entire issue 4, 6, 8, 13 and 18 offered. A fine and clean set. [Schrödinger's papers:] Pp. 361-376" Pp. 489-527" Pp. 734-756 (Bd. 79). Pp. 438-490 (Bd. 60). Pp. 109-131 (Bd. 81).‎

‎First printing and first appearence of these 5 papers which introduces Schrödinger's wave-equations and explains the stationary states of electrons in Bohr's theory of the atom by way of applying de Broglie's concept of electron waves. These papers are among the most important in modern physics and ""almost overnight, made Schrödinger famous"" (Brandt, Harvest of a Century).""The intensity of Schrödingers work on the problem (he found the earlier Bohr-Sommerfeld quantum theory unsatisfactory) increased as he saw that he was on the track of ""a new atomic theory"", and it reached a peak during his winter vacation in Arosa. On 27 December 1925 he wrote to Wilhelm Wien, editor of the ""Annalen der Physik"" inMunich that he was very optimistic: ""I believe that I can give a vibrating system...thatyields the hydrogen frequency levels as it eigenfrequencies."" The frequences of the emitted light rays are then obtained, as Schrödinger observed, by establishing the differences of the two eigenfrequencies respectively. ""Consequently the way is opened toward a real understanding of Bohr's frequency calculation - it is really a vibration (or, as the case may be, interference) process, which occurs with the same frequency as the one we observe in the spectroscope. I hope, that I will soon be able to report on this subject in a little more detail and in a more comprehensive fashion"" (Schrödinger's letter to Wien)...The so-called Klein-Gordon equations which Schrödinger used gives an incorrect description of the relativistic structures Schrödinger tried to describe. As this equation he tried to use, describes particles without spin, whereas a a description of electrons requires the Dirac equation...""After a brief interruption Schrödinger took up his method again, but this time he treated the electron nonrelativistically. It soon became apparent that he had arrived at a theory that correctly represented a the behavior of the electron to a very good approximation. THE RESULT WAS THE EMERGENCE OF WAVE MECHANICS IN JANUARY 1926. Schrödinger published the results of his research in a series of four papers in the ""Annalen der Physik"" bearing the overall title ""Quantisierung als Eigenwertproblem."" The first installment, sent on 26 January and received by Wien the next day, contains the first apperarance in the literature of his famous wave equation, written out for the hydrogen atom...""(DSB). In the fifth paper offered, Schrödinger himself shows that there is an essential equivalence of his theory and that of Heisenberg, Born and Jordan's.Brandt, Harvest of a Century, no. 39.‎

Ссылка продавца : 57200

‎"SCHAWLOW, A. L. (+) G. E. DEVLIN (+) IRWIN WIEDER (+) B. N. TAYLOR.‎

‎Simultaneous Optical Maser Action in Two Ruby Satellite Lines (+) Stimulated Optical Emission from Exchange-Coupled Ions of Cr+++ in Al2O2.‎

‎New York, American physical Society, 1961. Lex8vo. Entire issue of ""Physical Review Letters, Volume 6, Number 3, February 1, 1961"" in the original blue/green wrappers. A very nice and clean copy. Pp.96-98"" Pp. 95-6. [Entire issue: Pp. 85-161].‎

‎First printing of these important papers in the history of the laser. ""An interesting historical footnote is the red ruby laser, demonstrated independently by Schawlow at Bell and by Irwin Wieder at Varian Associates, whose papers both arrived at Physical Review Letters on December 19, 1960, and were published in the same issue.21 Maiman’s laser used ""pink"" ruby, in which the chromium concentration was low enough that chromium atoms did not interact with each other. At higher concentrations the chromium atoms gave the ruby crystal a deeper red appearance, and their interaction created a four-level laser system with emission lines at 701.0 and 704.1 nm - if the material was cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature. Both Schawlow and Wieder demonstrated flashlamp-pumped lasing on the red ruby laser, but like the uranium and samarium lasers, red ruby never proved practical.""‎

Ссылка продавца : 44915

‎"SCHROEDINGER, ERWIN. [SCHRÖDINGER].‎

‎Statistical Thermodynamics. Course of Seminar Lectures. Delivered in January - March 1944, at the School of Theoretical Physics. - [A UNIFIED STANDARD METHOD OF DEALING WITH STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS]‎

‎Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1944. 4to. Original pre-publication typescript, hectographt print, printed on rectos only. In original red printed wrappers with black cloth spine. Paley Johanson's copy, with his owner's name and inscription to top of front wrapper: Paley Johnson/ Dept. of Colloid Science/ Free School Lane/ Cambridge"". A few smaller nicks and creases to front wrapper, otherwise a fine clean copy. (2), 135 ff.‎

‎Scarce pre-publication typescript, with an excellent provenance, of Schrödinger's important attempt at developing a simple, unified standard method of dealing with all cases of statistical thermodynamics, developed in his seminar lectures of the Dublin institute for advanced studies in January - March 1944. A very small edition of the lectures was published in hectograph form by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies [offered item]. In 1952 the first public printing, differing a bit from the hectograph printing, of the lectures appeared - in a book of the same title. That highly popular book was printed in large numbers. ""The idea of this seminar is to develop briefly one simple, unified standard method, capable of dealing, without changing the fundamental attitude, with ALL cases (classical, quantum, Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac, etc.) and with every new problem that may turn up. The interest is focused on the general procedure, and examples are dealt with as illustrations thereof. Not a first introduction for new-comers to the subject is intended, rather a 'repetitorium'. The wording is extremely shortened about well-known stories to be found in every one of a hundred text-books, but more extended on some vital points, usually passed over in all but large monographs (as Fowler's and Tolman's)There is, essentially, only one problem in statistical thermodynamics: the distribution of a given amount of energy E over N identical systems..."" (From the General Introduction by Schrödinger, f. 1).It is in the course of the present lectures that Schrödinger explains why he thought the Boltzmann counting method not be appropriate. Furthermore, Schrödinger here distinguishes himself from his 1925-6 publications on the same subject by presenting (1) the complete relinquishment of the concept of wave packets, and (2) the exclusive stress put on the field quantization formalism which, for all statistical purposes, is equivalent to Schrödinger's initial quantized matter wave model. ""A very small edition of these lectures was published in hectograph by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. It is hoped that the present edition, for which the text has been slightly revised, may reach a wider circle of readers. (Initiating Note in the second edition of the book). PALEY JOHNSON (1917-2011) was a famous colloid scientist, in the field of which he became a world authority, focusing on the physical properties of biological macromolecules in solution. Having won a place at Trinity College Cambridge and gone on to make a PhD there, he went on to the Royal Institution in London, where, along with Albert Alexander, he produced a comprehensive two-volume Oxford University Press monograph on Colloid Science, which, for nearly half a century, remained the authoritative text in the field, and is still a valuable reference source, even today. Primarily in recognition of this, along with other achievements, the University subsequently awarded Paley the distinction of an ScD degree. In 1950, he returned to Free School Lane to take up an academic post at the Colloid Science Laboratory.""Paley was first and foremost an experimentalist, one of the best, and his attention turned to physical techniques for solving biological problems - to two techniques in particular, of which he became the master and a world authority. One was the analytical Utracentrifuge. [...] Paley found a completely new application for this technique in the characterization of gels, gelatin and other jelly-like materials. One of the present world leaders in colloid science, Professor Helmut Colfen at the University of Konstanz in Germany, comments on this work on gel analysis in the analytical ultracentrifuge: ""Paley did the first systematic analyses of gel systems in the centrifuge which was highly pioneering work since up to then, only solutions or dispersions of particles had been investigated. He found that the behaviour of a gel in the centrifuge was fundamentally different from a solution or dispersion and established the theory describing this. He was thus the first one to accurately describe the behaviour of gels in the centrifugal field and laid the foundations for the analysis and understanding of the important class of materials known as hydrogels, crucial for their application in food and biopharmaceuticals.""The other technique which became Paley's trademark was light scattering of macromolecular dispersions - a technique requiring meticulous attention to detail. Without that attention, as Paley would say, ""experiments were not useful"". In his own research and publications, he did a lot to establish good practice, giving detailed procedures for achieving this, and was very critical of other studies where this attention to detail was not followed or shortcuts had been taken. [...] Colloid science at Cambridge and Paley Johnson were almost synonymous."" (Steve Harding, Obituary in The Biochemical society, december 2011).Colloid Science, with its study of large molecules, is a bridge building subject lying at the boundary of a number of disciplines, physical chemistry, biology and mathematics. It's results are important and beneficiel in a large number of fields. During the War Paley worked in the colloid laboratory collaborating with others on various projects: the development of incendiary mixtures and the use of cellulose nitrate in making cordite for rockets" the use of detergents in lubrication the use of synthetic polymers in warfare. He also had a wartime research Fellowship sponsored by ICI looking at an interest, which remained a serious study, the use of the protein in peanut butter.‎

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‎"SCHRÖDINGER, E.‎

‎Über die Leitung der Elektrizität auf der Oberfläche von Isolatoren an feuchter Luft (mit 3 Textfiguren) (Vorgelegt an der Sitzung am 30. Juni 1910). [In. Sitzungsberichte der keiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlic... - [SCHRÖDINGER'S FIRST PUBLICATION]‎

‎Wien, 1910. Entire volume present: 8vo. Uncut and unopened in the orig. printed wrappers. A bit of brwonspotting and soiling, but in all a very good and well preserved copy. Pp. 1215-1222. Entire volume: (2) pp., pp. 1057-1379, (3, -blank), 4 (table of contents, on different, very thin paper) pp.‎

‎First edition of Schrödinger's dissertation, his first printed work, ""On the Conduction of Electricity on the Surface of Insulators in Moist Air.""In 1907, Schrödinger began attending lectures in theoretical physics at the University of Vienna. This was Schrödinger's third semester, but theoretical physics had been closed down at the university for two years after of Boltzmann's death. Haselörhl became the new professor and Schrödinger appreciated his lectures on theoretical physics so much that he attended them five days a week for eight semesters in a row. In 1910 Schrödinger received the doctorate under Haselöhrl for the present work.At the time when Schrödinger worked on the present treatise, electrical insulation in instruments for the measurement of radioactivity and ionization played an important role in experimental physics. Almost all of the work was done in the department of Franz Exner and the experiments were carried out in the small laboratory that he shared with Jakob Salpeter. The work is centered around a set of electrical measurements that are designed to show the effects of moist air on the conductivity of solid insulators such as amber, glass, sulfur, ebonite etc. The work is considered as showing Schrödinger's excellent experimental abilities, but he is criticized with lacking theoretical content. He also neglected to carry out a control experiment to prove his assumption that the effects of the moist air on the conductivity of the insulators was restricted to the surface, and he didn't mention the temperature at which his measurements were made. However, his practical work with these insulating solids did prove to be of great importance" they were the basis of his important survey of dielectricity that he completed in 1814. The work was presented at a meeting of the Vienna Academy of Sciences on June 30th, 1910, and this was the first time that Schrödinger delivered a report on his own research work to fellow scientists. The dissertation was published a few weeks later in the proceedings of the Academy, and this was Schrödinger's first publication.The Austrian physicist Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (1887 -1961) is widely renowned for his contributions to quantum mechanics, especially the Schrödinger equation, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1933.‎

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