Senat

Senat — marelibri

JOURNAL OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEING THE FIRST SESSION OF THE FOURTH CONGRESS BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA DECEMBER 7TH 1795; AND IN THE TWENTIETH YEAR OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE SAID UNITED STATES

1796Best.-Nr. 42223Philadelphia: Printed by John Fenno 1796. 346 vi xxi 3 blanks pp. Rubberstamp on title page and page 3. Otherwise a clean and Very Good copy. With the ownership signature of Congressman Hezekiah Hosmer. Evans 3155. bound with JOURNAL OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEING THE SECOND SESSION OF THE FOURTH CONGRESS BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA DECEMBER 5TH 1796 AND IN THE TWENTY-FIRST YEAR OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE SAID UNITED STATES. Philadelphia: Printed by John Fenno. 1796 i.e. 1797. 175 1 blank iv 18pp. Mild occasional spotting Very Good. The two volumes bound together in legal buckram from the Association of the Bar of the City of New York. Evans 32971. These Journals are an excellent source for President Washington's closing administration. His Address of December 8 1795 announces the end of the War with the Indians northwest of the Ohio River and urges measures to prevent violence against them: "Unless the murdering of Indians can be restrained by bringing the murderers to condign punishment all the exertions by the government to prevent destructive retaliations by the Indians will prove fruitless." He urges Congress to devise "competent means of rendering justice" to the Indians. The speech is signed in type 'G. Washington.' The permanent Capitol in the District of Columbia the Whiskey Rebellion ratification of the Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution settlers' seizure of Cherokee lands trading with the Indians are all treated in the First Session. A charge that Kentucky Senator Humphrey Marshall had committed perjury-- arising from a suit brought by James Wilkinson in a Kentucky chancery court-- is examined in detail as are the admission to the Union of Tennessee and aspects of the Yazoo Claims. The Journal of the Second Session prints President Washington's Message "for the last time" to Congress in December 1796 summarizing "measures calculated to ensure a continuance of the friendship of the Indians and to preserve peace along the extent of our interior Frontier" as well as to "guard our advanced settlements from the predatory incursions of those unruly individuals who cannot be restrained by their Tribes." He reports on the implementation of the Treaty with England and on the boundary between the U.S. and the Floridas owned by Spain; urges "the gradual creation of a navy" development of American industry establishment of a National University and a Military Academy. Material is also considered on the southern and western boundaries of Georgia; ratification of the first ten amendments to the Constitution; inquiries on the proposed Eleventh Amendment immunizing States from suit without their consent; Vice-President Adams's farewell to the Senate before his installation as President; results of the 1796 election with electoral votes cast by each of the 16 States Tennessee Kentucky and Vermont having joined the Original Thirteen and announcement of the election of Adams and Thomas Jefferson as President and Vice President respectively. A comprehensive Index is included. Printed by John Fenno unknown

David M. Lesser, Fine Antiquarian Books LLC · Vereinigte Staaten1.250,00 $≈ 1.114,58 €

Fourth Congress, SenateABAA

JOURNAL OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEING THE FIRST SESSION OF THE FOURTH CONGRESS BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA DECEMBER 7TH 1795; AND IN THE TWENTIETH YEAR OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE SAID UNITED STATES

David M. Lesser, Fine Antiquarian Books LLC · Vereinigte Staaten1.250,00 $≈ 1.114,58 €

United States Senate Committee on Foreign RelationsBiblio.com

Neutrality Peace Legislation and Our Foreign Policy; Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate Seventy-sixth Congress First Session The Following Bills and Resolutions are Pending before the Committee for Consideration S. J. Res. 21 S. J. Res. 67 S .J. Res. 97 S .J Res. 106 S. Con. Res. 8 S.203 S.1745 Part 1 April 5 1939 through Parts 21 May 8 1939

1939Best.-Nr. 91299Washington DC: United States Government Printing Office 1939. Presumed First Edition First Printing. Hardcover. Good. ii 613 7 pages. Fold-out. Marbled endpapers and edges. Minor moisture staining at lower right corner of some pages. Sturdy institutional binding. Tape residue at middle of spine. The Neutrality Acts were a series of acts passed by the US Congress in 1935 1936 1937 and 1939 in response to the growing threats and wars that led to World War II. They were spurred by the growth in isolationism and non-interventionism in the US following the US joining World War I and they sought to ensure that the US would not become entangled again in foreign conflicts. The legacy of the Neutrality Acts is widely regarded as having been generally negative since they made no distinction between aggressor and victim treating both equally as belligerents and limited the US government's ability to aid Britain and France against Nazi Germany. The Acts were largely repealed in 1941 in the face of the Lend-Lease Act. As noted by the Chairman "It is universally agreed by international lawyers that there should be no substantial change in the laws of a neutral as affecting a belligerent after declared or undeclared war takes place. Among the witnesses and participants are Bernard Baruch Henry Stimson Hugh Johnson Walter Judd; Breckinridge Long George Wharton Pepper James Shotwell Charles Tansill Edmund Walsh Raymond Buell Bainbridge Colby Paul Revere Sentinels and Dorothy Thompson. In philosophy neutrality is the tendency to not take a side in a conflict physical or ideological which may not suggest neutral parties do not have a side or are not a side themselves. In colloquial use neutral can be synonymous with unbiased. However bias is a favoritism for one side distinct from the tendency to act on that favoritism. Neutrality is distinct though not exclusive from apathy ignorance indifference doublethink equality agreement and objectivity. Apathy and indifference each imply a level of carelessness about a subject though a person exhibiting neutrality may feel bias on a subject but choose not to act on it. A neutral person can also be well-informed on a subject and therefore need not be ignorant. Since they can be biased a neutral person need not feature doublethink i.e. accepting both sides as correct equality i.e. viewing both sides as equal or agreement a form of group decision-making; here it would require negotiating a solution on everyone's opinion including one's own which may not be unbiased. Objectivity suggests siding with the more reasonable position except journalistic objectivity where reasonableness is judged by some common basis between the sides such as logic thereby avoiding the problem of incommensurability. Neutrality implies tolerance regardless of how disagreeable deplorable or unusual a perspective might be. In moderation and mediation neutrality is often expected to make judgments or facilitate dialogue independent of any bias emphasizing on the process rather than the outcome. For example a neutral party is seen as a party with no or a fully disclosed conflict of interest in a conflict and is expected to operate as if it has no bias. Neutral parties are often perceived as more trustworthy reliable and safe.38 Alternative to acting without a bias the bias of neutrality itself is the expectation upon the Swiss government in armed neutrality and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in non-interventionism. The Oxford English Dictionary documents that by at least 1897 "neutral" meant applying the rules to the facts as in football "Neutral linesmen shall officiate in all games." In the Supreme Court decision Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth based on the United States Constitution's First Amendment the court decided some funding decisions should be made through a neutral viewpoint. United States Government Printing Office hardcover

Ground Zero Books · Vereinigte Staaten1.250,00 $≈ 1.114,58 €

SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES -Biblio.com

Report: The Committee on the Judiciary to whom was referred the memorial of a delegation of the Latter Day Saints commonly called Mormons. In Senate of the United States March 4 1840. 26th Congress 1st Session. - ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS IN MORMON HISTORY

1840Best.-Nr. 63277Washington D.C. Blair & Rives 1840. 8vo 222 x 143 mm. 2 pp. 1 f. Traces in inner margin from having been bound. Brownspotted. Exceedingly rare first edition of the Senate Judiciary Committee's report on the petition submitted by Joseph Smith and Elias Higbee on behalf of the persecuted Mormons being a reply to Missouri Executive Order 44 also known as the Mormon Extermination Order. The report describes successive expulsions of the Mormons from their settlements in Missouri and the infamous order issued by Governor Lilburn W. Boggs that they are to be driven from the state or "exterminated." While acknowledging the losses and sufferings endured by the Mormons the committee declined to grant relief arguing that redress lay with the courts rather than Congress. A most important early document in Mormon history recording the federal government's response to one of the most formative episodes in the Latter-day Saints' struggle for legal recognition and protection. Missouri Executive Order 44 was a state executive order issued by Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs on October 27 1838 in response to the Battle of Crooked River: “The Mormons must be treated as enemies and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace - their outrages are beyond all description.” The battle had begun when a state militia unit from Ray County seized several Mormon hostages from Caldwell County and the subsequent attempt by the Mormons to rescue them. “Given the frequent removes of the early Mormon Church - from New York to Ohio Ohio to Missouri Missouri to Illinois and finally Illinois to Utah - it would be easy to overlook the unique character of the Missouri expulsion. Indeed the burgeoning Church faced varying degrees of persecution in all of these locales and occasionally as in Missouri and Illinois hostilities even reached the point of bloodshed. But none of the early Church’s temporary homes produced the degree of anti-Mormon violence witnessed in Missouri never did forces outside the Church mobilize so massively to expel the Mormons and nowhere else was the violence directed against the Mormons so racialized in nature.” Frampton Some Savage Tribe: Race legal violence and the Mormon War of 1838 Flake C.J. Mormon bibliography 1830-1930 second edition. No. 9187. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Dänemark16.000,00 DKK≈ 2.140,58 €

[United States Senate]: Rothermel, PF: P FBiblio.com

THE UNITED STATES SENATE A.D. 1850. THIS ENGRAVING FROM THE ORIGINAL PICTURE IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES BY THE PUBLISHERS.

1855Best.-Nr. 55892Philadelphia: John M. Butler and Alfred Long 1855. A Grand Image of the Senate in 1850 Featuring Clay Webster and Calhoun A handsome engraving of an outstanding depiction of the United States Senate debating the Compromise of 1850 one of the most consequential debates and legislative acts of the antebellum period. This copy designated as a "proof" in the lower left margin has excellent tonality with rich black and grey hues. Versions published by Butler and Long are known with copyright dates of 1854 and 1855 as here. The print was engraved on steel by R. Whitechurch after the original painting by Peter F. Rothermel 1817–95 an artist known for portraits and historical scenes. This print was apparently issued in four versions: as an artist's proof as here on India paper plain and colored. This copy of the print is enhanced by the presence of a separate "key" to the illustration published by William Smith of Philadelphia and copyrighted 1854. The key identifies the twenty-seven senators shown in the scene as well as Vice President Millard Fillmore presiding as president of the Senate. Also accompanying this copy of the engraving is a pamphlet promoting the print published by Butler and Long in 1859. Apparently the publishers still had copies of the print for sale five years after it was originally produced. This pamphlet contains a frontispiece similar to the William Smith key but without Smith's imprint and information on the titlepage listing prices for the print in its four iterations. The titlepage states that the print would be available to "subscribers only" implying that a new version was in production but it appears that Butler & Long were actually trying only to sell existing stock. The text of the pamphlet excerpts speeches from Senate notables during the debates of 1850. The Compromise of 1850 was a group of five separate laws relating to the spread of slavery in western territories and how those territories might be formed and eventually become states. It included the Fugitive Slave Law and though it was applauded at the time for saving the Union later assessments have condemned the Compromise's half measures and temporary solutions. In the image Henry Clay is shown dramatically commanding the Senate floor his right arm outstretched. Daniel Webster his head resting in his hand is shown to the left of Clay while South Carolina's John C. Calhoun is shown at the far right standing beside the Speaker's chair. A number of other prominent senators are shown including William Seward Thomas Hart Benton Lewis Cass William Gwin Stephen A. Douglas Salmon Chase and Sam Houston of Texas the borders of which would be settled by this debate. The scene - while powerfully composed and rendered - is a bit ahistorical; John C. Calhoun died on March 31 1850 William Gwin did not become a senator until after California statehood in September 1850 and Millard Fillmore became president on July 9 following the death of Zachary Taylor. Fillmore's support however was important in the passage of the Compromise of 1850. Not in Reilly and a striking depiction of an important moment in American political history enhanced by the presence of the "key" identifying the participants and a separately published pamphlet promoting its sale. Pamphlet: Original plain wrappers. Front wrapper detached but present rear wrapper torn. Old dampstain throughout. Good condition only. Key: Mounted on later board. Tanned. Very good. Large engraving: Small closed tears in the lower edge and left edge of the image small area of abrasion on one face in the middle right of the image. Expertly conserved and backed by tissue. Very good. unknown