Élection

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[Election of 1876]. [Reconstruction]. McClernand, John AABAA

Galley Proof of John A. McClernand's Speech Assailing President Ulysses S. Grant's Use of the Military in Enforcing Reconstruction Laws Deploring the Installation of William Pitt Kellogg as Governor of Louisiana Castigating Radical Republican Policies and Denouncing Plans to Throw the Presidential Election to Hayes Rather Than Tilden

1877réf. 5770N.p. likely Springfield Il: ca. January 8 1877. Good. Three long galley leaves each approximately 6.5 x 19 inches and printed on rectos only with numerous pencil emendations. Old folds and creases numerous chips and tears to margins pervasive wrinkling making reading a bit challenging at times but with no loss to text. Small portion of third leaf containing the last eight lines of text detached but present. Not in great shape but seemingly unique. A galley proof of a speech by General John A. McClernand in the midst of the contentious Election of 1876 which was so far as we can determine neither delivered nor published. A pencil note at top reveals his authorship and notes the speech was intended to be delivered January 8 at the “Great Citizens Convention” in Springfield Illinois almost certainly in 1877 following the recent election in the Fall of 1876. McClernand was an Illinois contemporary of Lincoln's a Democratic Congressman and War Democrat. He was also an ally of another Illinois politician and Lincoln adversary Stephen A. Douglas. He was appointed a general during the Civil War largely through political maneuvering and was generally considered incompetent. McClernand greatly resented the authority of Grant who finally relieved him of command in June 1863. Following the war McClernand became a leading critic of Congressional Reconstruction as well as the Grant Administration in general. He also chaired the 1876 Democratic National Convention which nominated Tilden for the presidency. Here McClernand bitterly attacks Grant his presidential Administration and Reconstruction. According to McClernand Grant's "tastes and habits had been acquired in the field and the camp -- in implicit obedience or absolute command. He knew no other rule of action but the military law and army regulations. As a consequence he has lamentably failed as a civil administrator." As President fraudulently and illegally Grant "joined with Kellog a political adventurer and Durell a federal judge to overthrow the will of the people of Louisiana." Law and order says McClernand "lay prostrate and panting at the feet of her remorseless tyrants." McClernand also assails Grant's highhanded tactics in the other Southern States. Now says McClernand "the president and his accomplices have now applied themselves to defeat the will of the people by a parliamentary device. They claimed for the President of the Senate the right and power to count the electoral votes and to declare the result and by implication that that right and power would be so exercised as to count Tilden out of his election and to count Hayes into one." He wasn't wrong. In one of the closest most hotly-contested and highly-controversial elections in American history to put it simply Hayes effectively stole the election by agreeing to remove northern soldiers from the South and end Reconstruction. It would be interesting to know what McClernand thought of the ultimate result -- he didn't get Tilden but he did get the end of Reconstruction. "Yet another prominent Illinoian who played a role in the Civil War John Alexander McClernand was born in Breckinridge County Kentucky before moving to Shawneetown Illinois at a young age. Similar to fellow Illinoian Abraham Lincoln McClernand was a largely self-taught lawyer who began practicing in Shawneetown in 1835. Also like Lincoln McClernand served in the Black Hawk War. However McClernand was a staunch Democrat. In 1835 he established the newspaper Shawneetown Democrat. He was active in Democratic politics at both the state and federal level serving in the Illinois House of Representatives and eventually Congress. In Congress McClernand was a stalwart Jacksonian Democrat who strongly disliked abolitionists. He strongly opposed the Wilmot Proviso which banned slavery in the territory gained after the Mexican-American War. He became a key ally of fellow Democrat and Illinoian Stephen A. Douglas helping him pass the Compromise of 1850. As tensions rose approaching the election of 1860 McClernand campaigned for Douglas’s presidency and became a Unionist. After war broke out in the following April McClernand helped raise volunteers for the Union Army. Because Lincoln needed to retain a wide base of support and retain connections with Democrats in Illinois he appointed McClernand a brigadier general on May 17 1861. McClernand’s military career would be defined by an ongoing clash with fellow Illinoian General Ulysses S. Grant. Grant a seasoned West Pointer who served in Mexico was irritated by McClernand a political general with little military experience. Further exacerbating relations was McClernand’s tendency to boast about his exploits and diminish the achievements of other commanders" - American Battlefield Trust's entry on John A. McClernand. ca. January 8 unknown books

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[Election of 1864]: [New Jersey]: Congar, Horace NABAA

Circular from H.N. Congar. To the Union Citizens of Newark New Jersey: From My Transient Home in the Far East I Send Greeting to the Union Men of My Native City.caption title and beginning of text

1864réf. 3721N.p. but most likely Newark N.J. 1864. Good plus. Letterpress broadside printed in two columns 16.5 x 10 inches. Old folds small chip to top outer margin two tiny holes affecting just a few letters. A very rare Unionist broadside supporting the re-election of Abraham Lincoln in the critical presidential contest of 1864. The present broadside was authored in early June 1864 by New Jersey Republican Party stalwart Horace N. Congar an editor diplomat and politician who was at that time serving as U.S. consul to Hong Kong. In this rather stirring broadside which Congar writes from his position in Hong Kong he lauds "the thousands of earnest faithful men who are giving freely of their blood and treasure to the suppression of this infamous rebellion" and "the noble daring the undaunted courage and the determined valour of our brave soldiers of Freedom" and urges that "in November New Jersey will stand in the unbroken rank of States giving their verdict for the Party of Union." He also spends considerable space discussing the clear role of "the social moral and political evil" of slavery as the precipitating event of the Civil War. Congar writes that "the evil it has wrought was as natural as the poisoned breath of the Upas tree." Stated clearly Congar writes "I heartily rejoice at the destruction of slavery" and looks forward to the time when "I shall tread my native land with a newer life if within its boundless domain there shall not be heard the clanking chain or the cry of the suffering and the oppressed." "Horace Newton Congar 1817-1893 was a radical republican politician during the midnineteenth century and served on both the state and national levels. Mr. Congar had a great love for his party and hope for its success which is reflected in his writing . Horace Newton Congar was born in Newark on July 31 1817. He married Isabell Reeves and had two children; a daughter Ella and a son Horace Junior. Horace Congar taught school for a while and he studied law in his leisure time. He was admitted to the New Jersey State Bar in 1847 and later Cornelius Boice of Plainfield and Lewis Grove of Newark were his law partners. Congar was a friend of the abolitionist cause and he was one of the founders of the antislavery Free Soil Party in New Jersey. The party slogan 'Free Soil Free Speech Free Labor and Free Men' basically described the party platform. Congar later became a delegate from New Jersey to the Republican National Convention in 1848 which was held in Buffalo. He supported the nomination of Van Buren for president and Adams for vice-president" - New Jersey Historical Society. A rare and unusual Lincoln campaign broadside with just two physical copies in OCLC at AAS and Middlebury College. unknown books

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[Election of 1864]:ABAA

THE REAL CHICAGO PLATFORM AS EXPOUNDED BY THE DEMOCRATIC ORATORS AT CHICAGO caption title.

1864réf. 65929New York: National Union Executive Committee 1864. Scarce Anti-Copperhead Broadside A scarce anti-Copperhead broadside printed during the election of 1864 purporting to reveal "the real Chicago Platform" and providing excerpts from speeches given at the Democratic National Convention. The convention met in Chicago on August 29 1864 where the Copperheads quickly established dominance over the outnumbered War Democrats and established peace with the South at any cost as the core of their platform. McClellan accepted the nomination alongside staunch Copperhead George Pendleton despite his open opposition to the peace platform; this seeming hypocrisy was mercilessly lampooned by the opposition contributing to the abject failure of the joint War and Peace ticket. The present broadside presents statements made at the convention by "a number of distinguished Democratic orators" which they deem "sufficient to show the temper and purpose of all." Some choice excerpts include: "I love our Southern friends; they are a noble a brave and a chivalrous people cheers" Representative James S. Rollins of Missouri; "Show me a War Democrat to-day and I will show you a shoddy Abolitionist in disguise.He is a Judas and should be cast out as an enemy to humanity and to God.Soon the net is to be drawn that will gather in its half million more to feed the insatiable thirst for blood of the Negro God" J.A. McMaster arrested for libel at the start of the war; "If Democrats catch Lincoln's bloody satrap spies among them they must cut their damned throats that's all. Applause" Captain William J. Kountz known troublemaker and personal antagonist of General Grant dishonorably discharged in 1863; and "We are one and all for peace and with this magic word upon our banner we shall sweep over the course and roll into oblivion the black negro-loving negro-hugging worshippers of old Abe Lincoln" Isaiah Rynders Tammany Hall tough and former Know-Nothing. The broadside was clearly printed with intention of wide dispersal among potential Lincoln supporters with a noted price of "$1 per 100." The American Antiquarian Society reasonably suggests that this broadside was printed by the National Union Executive Committee of New York based on typographically similar items in their collection. A representative document from one of the nation's most fraught elections. Old folds. Light tanning and staining. Small holes at two cross-folds short closed tear to upper margin and left edge. About very good. SABIN 68234. unknown books

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[Election of 1864]ABAA

THE GRAVE OF THE UNION. OR MAJOR JACK DOWNING'S DREAM DRAWN BY ZEKE

1864réf. 40557New York: Bromley & Company 1864. 19" x 24" lithograph broadside cartoon. Old tears repaired with tape on verso. Long horizontal tear at center has been reinforced by tape on verso. Light wrinkling and toning. The cartoon remains bold solid and intact. Good. "The first in a series of four harsh anti-Lincoln satires published by Bromley & Co. in New York. An imaginary dream of Jack Downing a comic Yankee character created in the 1830s by Seba Smith has Lincoln and some of his supporters and cabinet members as a band of undertakers about to inter the Constitution. "In 1862 displeased by Attorney General Edward Bates's slowness in enforcing the Conspiracies Act the President took matters into his own hands and issued a proclamation 'directing trial by court martial or military commissions of all persons who impeded the draft discouraged enlistments or committed other disloyal acts.' Around thirty-eight thousand people were arrested denied the right of habeas corpus and held in jail until brought to trial. This heavy-handed act provides the fuel for the artist's attack here. "Secretary Stanton is shown driving a hearse 'War Democracy' drawn by four horses with the heads of War Democrats left to right: John Cochrane Benjamin F. Butler Thomas Francis Meagher and Daniel S. Dickinson. Secretary Stanton says 'My jackasses had a load but they pull'd it through bravely. Cochrane: 'I pull for the side that pays the best always.' Butler: 'A million of dollars from New-Orleans'. . . "At right journalist Horace Greeley and Massachusetts senator Charles Sumner bury a casket labeled 'Constitution. Three other caskets 'Union' 'Habeas Corpus' and 'Free Speech Charge Express' wait nearby. Greeley: 'I guess we'll bury it so deep that it will never get up again.' Sumner: 'Be still you old fool. Let us first be sure that it is all under.' "A sober Lincoln watches with folded arms asking 'Chase will it stay down" Beside him treasury secretary Salmon P. Chase responds '. . . It must stay down. Or we shall all go up!' . . . "Abolitionist clergyman Henry Ward Beecher presides over the ceremony with a black child in his arms praying 'Not thy will oh Lord! But mine be done.' Above them Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton who has the legs and tail of a demon and holds a dagger flies off crying 'If it were done when 'tis done'." Reilly Reilly 1864-37. Weitenkampf 141. OCLC 647912979 2- AAS Clements 299947771 1- DLC as of December 2024. Bromley & Company unknown books

David M. Lesser, Fine Antiquarian Books LLC · États-Unis1 750,00 $US≈ 1 560,41 €

[ELECTION OF 1852 FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW].ABAA

Boston Fugitive Slave Law Printing on Free Soil Party Broadsheet

1852réf. 27980Boston Fugitive Slave Law Printing on Free Soil Party Broadsheet "a vote for either of the former candidates is as truly a vote in favor of the sustenance defence and encouragement of American slavery in all its hideousness as a vote for the devil were a vote in favor of sin…" This broadsheet prints a summary of the three major party platforms—the "Compromise Democratic" Party the Whig Party and the Free Democratic Free Soil Party—headed with the injunction to "Read Reflect and then Act!" The second page includes the text of the Fugitive Slave Law or "America's Bill of Abominations!!" passed in September 1850 and an editorial by "Alexander" that explains the benefits of the Free Soil Party over the other two parties. ELECTION OF 1852. FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW. Printed Broadsheet Boston Commonwealth Extra July 1852. 2 pp. 25½ x 22 in. Excerpts "The Platforms of the Parties. Read Reflect and then Act!" p1 "The Fugitive Slave Law! America's Bill of Abominations!!" p2 "…Section 6 And be it further enacted That when a person held to service or labor in any State or Territory of the United States has heretofore or shall hereafter escape into another State or Territory of the United States the person or persons to whom such service or labor may be due or his her or their agent or attorney duly authorized by power of attorney in writing acknowledged and certified under the seal of some legal officer or court of the State or Territory in which the same may be executed may pursue and reclaim such fugitive person either by procuring a warrant from some one of the courts judges or commissioners aforesaid of the proper circuit district or county for the apprehension of such fugitive from service or labor or by seizing and arresting such fugitive where the same can be done without process and by taking or causing such person to be taken forthwith before such court judge or commissioner whose duty it shall be to hear and determine the case of such claimant in a summary manner; and upon satisfactory proof being made by deposition or affidavit in writing to be taken and certified by such court judge or commissioner or by other satisfactory testimony duly taken and certified by some court magistrate justice of the peace or other legal officer authorized to administer an oath and take depositions under the laws of the State or Territory from which such person owing service or labor may have escaped with a certificate of such magistracy or other authority as aforesaid with the seal of the proper court or officer thereto attached which seal shall be sufficient to establish the competency of the proof and with proof also by affidavit of the identity of the person whose service or labor is claimed to be due as aforesaid that the person so arrested does in fact owe service or labor to the person or persons claiming him or her in the State or Territory from which such fugitive may have escaped as aforesaid and that said person escaped to make out and deliver to such claimant his or her agent or attorney a certificate setting forth the substantial facts as to the service or labor due from such fugitive to the claimant and of his or her escape from the State or Territory in which he or she was arrested with authority to such claimant or his or her agent or attorney to use such reasonable force and restraint as may be necessary under the circumstances of the case to take and remove such fugitive person back to the State or Territory whence he or she may have escaped as aforesaid. In no trial or hearing under this act shall the testimony of such alleged fugitive be admitted in evidence; and the certificates in this and the first fourth section mentioned shall be conclusive of the right of the person or persons in whose favor granted to remove such fugitive to the State or Territory from which he escaped and shall prevent all molestation of such person or persons by any process issued by any court judge magistrate or other person whomsoever. Section 7 And be it further enacted That any person who shall knowingly and willingly obstruct hinder or prevent such claimant his agent or attorney or any person or persons lawfully assisting him her or them from arresting such a fugitive from service or labor either with or without process as aforesaid or shall rescue or attempt to rescue such fugitive from service or labor from the custody of such claimant his or her agent or attorney or other person or persons lawfully assisting as aforesaid when so arrested pursuant to the authority herein given and declared; or shall aid abet or assist such person so owing service or labor as aforesaid directly or indirectly to escape from such claimant his agent or attorney or other person or persons legally authorized as aforesaid; or shall harbor or conceal such fugitive so as to prevent the discovery and arrest of such person after notice or knowledge of the fact that such person was a fugitive from service or labor as aforesaid shall for either of said offences be subject to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars and imprisonment not exceeding six months by indictment and conviction before the District Court of the United States for the district in which such offence may have been committed or before the proper court of criminal jurisdiction if committed within any one of the organized Territories of the United States; and shall moreover forfeit and pay by way of civil damages to the party injured by such illegal conduct the sum of one thousand dollars for each fugitive so lost as aforesaid to be recovered by action of debt in any of the District or Territorial Courts aforesaid within whose jurisdiction the said offence may have been committed…" "To the People of the United States!—The Issue Before the Nation!" p2 "We present you this Document for the Campaign in order that its doctrines may be scanned before the minds of men become steeled against the power of just reasoning by the intense zeal and party prejudice of an exciting election. It is a simple and earnest appeal to reason." p2/c1 "The Free Democracy will favor the early policy of the country to limit localize and discourage slavery—the separation of national funds from banking institutions cheap postage a moderate revenue—the election of civil officers by the people—such internal improvements as are national and constitutional—the cordial reception of emigrants and exiles from the old world—the grant of the Public Lands free of cost to landless settlers—the immediate repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law—the recognition of the independence of Hayti—an arrangement in future treaties… "And the said party will oppose the exercise of doubtful constitutional powers—the demand for more slave States new slave territories and the nationalization of slavery—foreign interference with the right of a nation to govern itself." p2/c2 "The intrepid Free Democracy have sought the arena of political strife with a determination to oppose each of these powerful clock-work organizations. They publish a platform which presents a point-blank contrast to either and both the others. They claim the support of the people because their policy is founded in Right and Justice; and because the application of that policy to governmental affairs cannot be secured by the triumph of any other party." p2/c3-4 "While the attitude of the Free Democracy is that of a general championship of the rights of the humbler classes … its position upon the slavery question affords the great contrast and entitles it to the support of the lovers of Freedom and Right." p2/c4 "Whigs and Democrats would sanction slavery by law. The Free Democracy forbid the high-handed endeavor." p2/c4 "It follows that a vote for either of the former candidates is as truly a vote in favor of the sustenance defence and encouragement of American slavery in all its hideousness as a vote for the devil were a vote in favor of sin." p2/c4-5 Historical Background The author of the editorial may have been Alexander De Witt 1798-1879 a former Democrat who joined the Free Soil Party and was one of the six signatories of the "Appeal of the Independent Democrats" in January 1854 in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act. President Zachary Taylor a Whig died in July 1850. His successor Millard Fillmore supported the Compromise of 1850 and enforcement of its stronger Fugitive Slave Law which made him unpopular in the North. At the Whig National Convention in Baltimore the delegates took 53 ballots to choose General Winfield Scott of New Jersey as their presidential candidate. At the Democratic convention also in Baltimore it took 48 ballots to select dark-horse choice Senator Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire as their presidential candidate. The Free Soil Party which opposed the extension of slavery chose Senator John P. Hale of New Hampshire as their presidential candidate. After the Compromise of 1850 many Barnburner Democrats and Conscience Whigs returned to their parties at the expense of the Free Soil Party. With no major policy differences between the Democrats and Whigs the election became a contest of personalities between Scott the anti-slavery war hero of the Mexican War and the pro-slavery Pierce who though eighteen years younger had also served in the war. In the election on November 2 1852 Pierce won 50.8 percent of the popular vote carrying 27 states with 254 electoral votes. Scott's 43.9 percent carried only 4 states with 42 electoral votes. Hale attracted 4.9 percent of the popular vote taking no electoral votes. The Commonwealth 1851-1853 was a newspaper published in Boston daily with occasional supplements under the motto "Circulate the documents." In 1852 it became the official newspaper of the Free Soil Party in Massachusetts. Condition: Very good overall. Boston Commonwealth books

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