Parlement

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[GREAT BRITAIN PARLIAMENT] SPEARMAN, A Y and Charles GRANT, 1st Baron GLENELGBiblio.com

CONVICTS Police Establishment at Port Macquarie.

rif. 30755Despatch from the Right Honorable Lord Glenelg to His Excellency Sir George Gipps stating that the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury do not disapprove of the increase of the Police Establishment at Port Macquarie but suggest the apportionment of the expence sic between the Colonial and Convict Funds. No.3. Downing Street 14th October 1837 . and Enclosure to the foregoing. Treasury Chambers 7th October 1837. London : s.n. 1837. Single sheet 253 x 162 mm letterpress on laid paper watermarked 'J. & J. Town / Turkey Mill / 1832' printed on both sides; very light creasing and toning else fine. This separately issued British government circular reproduces two items of correspondence pertaining to the funding of the proposed expansion of the penal establishment at Port Macquarie New South Wales in 1837. The first is a copy of the despatch from Lord Glenelg Secretary of State for War and the Colonies to Governor Gipps dated 14 October 1837 informing him that the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury deem that any expenditure required for the expansion of the establishment should not be drawn from the Convict Services purse alone but rather that the responsibility for such costs ought to be shared by the Colonial Government. The reasoning behind this stance is elucidated in the second item of correspondence a copy of the communication sent to Lord Glenelg by A. Y. Spearman on behalf of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury dated 7 October 1837. Spearman writes: '. my Lords are not disposed to object to the arrangements for the increase of the Police Establishment at Port Macquarie reported in Depatch from the Governor of New South Wales of 1st November 1836 so far as regards the number or rates of pay of the persons employed; but as he has averted to the great influx of free Settlers to the fertile country in the neighbourhood of that Penal Station as forming one of the grounds for the increase it appears to my Lords that the additional expense should not fall entirely on the funds applicable to Convict Services but that a large proportion if not the whole of it should be defrayed by the Colony.' The circular was published in The Sydney Herald 15 August 1838. Trove locates no copies. unknown

Douglas Stewart Fine Books · Australia250,00 A$≈ 156,85 €

[GREAT BRITAIN PARLIAMENT]Biblio.com

TRANSPORTATION An Act for the effectual Transportation of Felons and other Offenders ; and to authorize the Removal of Prisoners in certain Cases ; and for other Purposes therein mentioned.

rif. 34739Drop-head title with coat of arms at head of text. London : Printed by Charles Eyre and William Strahan 1784. Foolscap folio 320 x 200 mm disbound pp 907-919 1 blank 1 colophon 1 blank; first leaf with toning to bottom margin else a fine copy. The Transportation etc. Act 1784 24 Geo. 3 c. 56 was an important piece of legislation fundamental to the establishment of a penal colony in New South Wales and subsequently Van Diemen's Land governed by New South Wales 1803-1825. 'The outbreak of the American Revolutionary War 1775-1783 halted transportation to America. Parliament claimed that ""the transportation of convicts to his Majesty's colonies and plantations in America . is found to be attended with various inconveniences particularly by depriving this kingdom of many subjects whose labour might be useful to the community and who by proper care and correction might be reclaimed from their evil course""; they then passed ""An act to authorize . the punishment by hard labour of offenders who for certain crimes are or shall become liable to be transported to any of his Majesty's colonies and plantations."" For the ensuing decade men were instead sentenced to hard labour and women were imprisoned. Finding alternative locations to send convicts was not easy and the act was extended twice by the Criminal Law Act 1778 18 Geo. 3 c. 62 and the Criminal Law Act 1779 19 Geo. 3 c. 54. This resulted in a 1779 inquiry by a Parliamentary Committee on the entire subject of transportation and punishment; initially the Penitentiary Act was passed introducing a policy of state prisons as a measure to reform the system of overcrowded prison hulks that had developed but no prisons were ever built as a result of the act. The Transportation etc. Act 1784 24 Geo. 3 c. 56 and the Transportation etc. Act 1785 25 Geo. 3 c. 46 also resulted to help alleviate overcrowding. Both acts empowered the Crown to appoint certain places within his dominions or outside them as the destination for transported criminals; the acts would move convicts around the country as needed for labour or where they could be utilized and accommodated. The overcrowding situation and the resumption of transportation would be initially resolved by Orders in Council on 6 December 1786 by the decision to establish a penal colony in New South Wales on land previously claimed for Britain in 1770 but as yet not settled by Britain or any other European power. The British policy toward Australia specifically for use as a penal colony within their overall plans to populate and colonise the continent would differentiate it from America where the use of convicts was only a minor adjunct to its overall policy.' Wikipedia unknown

Douglas Stewart Fine Books · Australia250,00 A$≈ 156,85 €

[GREENLAND WHALE FISHERY, British Acts of Parliament]Biblio.com

A series of 12 British Acts of Parliament concerning whaling mostly in Greenland and the Davis Strait

1818rif. 24993London: John Baskett and others printers 1818. 12 works folio. 12 1/2 x 8 inches and smaller. Disbound or stitched A fascinating series spanning the whole of the period when whaling was carried out on a successful commercial basis in the waters off Greenland. After an abortive start by the South Sea Company between 1724 and 1732 the British whaling fleet operated off Greenland and the Davis Strait throughout the remainder of the 18th century with increasing success due to a large degree to the succession of bounties granted to ship owners by the British Government. The present selection of acts of parliament includes a number concerning the bounty: the first dated 16th January 1732 makes law "that a Bounty will be paid on the Return of every Ship of 200 tons and over imployed by His Majesty's Subjects in the Whale Fishery". For the bounty to be paid certain stringent criteria had to be met; these increased as the century progressed. By the time of the last Act in the present group March 1818 the Greenland whalers were reporting declining catches and were already beginning to turn their attention to other whaling grounds i.e. largely in the Pacific and Antarctic. This group offers and interesting series of snapshots of the industry during its most productive century. The acts comprise: 1. An Act for encouraging the Greenland Fishery. 1732. Stitched later wrappers. Exemption from duty extended for a nine year period. 2. An Act for the further Encouragment of the Whale Fishery carried on by His Majesty's British Subjects. 1733. Stitched later wrappers. The introduction of a bounty for ships over 200 tons. 3. An Act for continuing the several Laws therein mentioned . including granting a further Bounty for all Ships employed in the Whale Fishery during the present War; for exempting Harponers and others . from being impressed. No date but circa 1750. Spine reinforced. The bounty raised by a third other measures to help the trade. 4. An Act for granting a additional Bounty on Ships employed in the Greenland and Whale Fishery for a limited time. No adte but circa 1761. Disbound. The increased bounty confirmed for another five years. 5.An Act for further continuing several Acts . for the Encouragement of the Whale Fishery. 1768. Stitched. 6. An Act for the better Support and Establishment of the Greenland and Whale Fishery. 1771. Stitched. The rules about the amount of bounty to be paid has changed with additional laws concerning vessels of American origin exemption from duty extended to include the Gulf of St. Lawrence certain members of a whaler's crew to be exempt from being pressed into service in the Royal Navy etc. 7.An Act to explain and amend Two Acts made . with respect to the Limits of the Greenland Seas and Davis's Streights . and to enlarge the Time for the Return of the Vessels employed in the Whale Fisheries. 1780. Stitched. 8. An Act for granting an additional Bounty on Ships employed in the Greenland and Whale Fishery for a limited Time. 1782. Disbound. The bounty retained for a further five years. 9. An Act for allowing Vessels employed in the Greenland Whale Fishery to complete their full Number of Men at certain Ports for the Present Season. 1805. Spine strengthened. Whaling ships permitted to call in to ports in Scotland the Orkneys and the Shetland Islands to find men to complete their crews. 10. An Act for allowing until the Signature of Preliminary Articles of Peace Vessels . to complete their full Number of Men at certain ports. 1806. Spine strenghtened. An extension of the previous act. 11. An Act to revive and continue for five years several Laws. 1815. Strengthened spine. Several prvious acts re-confirmed. 12. An Act to amend an Act . so far as it relates to the Oaths thereby required. 1818. Unbound. Concerns the oaths required from owners/captains before the bounty due would be released to them. John Baskett [and others], printers unknown