1,893 results
1869ref. 59086Paris Gauthier-Villars 1869. 4to. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 68 No 7. Pp. 349- 408. Entire issue offered. Janssen's paper pp. 367-376. First printing of the paper in which Janssen announced the discovery of a new element. On August 18 1868 Janssen managed to do just that. He became the first person to observe helium an element never before seen on Earth in the solar spectrum. At the time though Janssen didn’t know what he’d seen"just that it was something new""Helium the second most abundant element in the universe was discovered on the sun before it was found on the earth. Pierre-Jules-César Janssen a French astronomer noticed a yellow line in the sun's spectrum while studying a total solar eclipse in 1868. Sir Norman Lockyer an English astronomer realized that this line with a wavelength of 587.49 nanometers could not be produced by any element known at the time. It was hypothesized that a new element on the sun was responsible for this mysterious yellow emission. This unknown element was named helium by Lockyer." unknown
2013ref. x-0309265959National Academies Press 2013. Paperback. New. 170 pages. 8.90x6.00x0.50 inches. National Academies Press paperback
2014ref. x-0309285968National Academies Press 2014. Paperback. New. 1st edition. 195 pages. 9.00x6.00x0.75 inches. National Academies Press paperback
ref. DADAX1603209905Hachette 2014-07-08. paperback. New. 0.94x8.27x9.92. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Hachette paperback
1801ref. 43492Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1801. Without wrappers as published in "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 7 Viertes Stück. The entire issue offered =Heft 4. Pp. 387-528. Ritter's announcement p. 525. With titlepage to volume 7. Clean and fine. Titlepage a bit shavedin inner margin. First printing of Ritter's announcement of his discovery of ultraviolet light in a halfpage letter addressed to Gilbert's Annalen. With that discovery it became clear that visible light represents no more than a fraction of a continous spectrum.A year earlier in 1800 William Herschel discovered infrared light. This was the first time that a form of light beyond visible light had been detected. After hearing about Herschel's discovery of an invisible form of light beyond the red portion of the spectrum Ritter decided to conduct experiments to determine if invisible light existed beyond the violet end of the spectrum as well. He had heard that blue light caused a greater reaction in silver chloride than red light did. Ritter decided to measure the rate at which silver chloride reacted to the different colors of light. He directed sunlight through a glass prism to create a spectrum. He then placed silver chloride in each color of the spectrum and found that it showed little change in the red part of the spectrum but darkened toward the violet end of the spectrum. Johann Ritter then decided to place silver chloride in the area just beyond the violet end of the spectrum in a region where no sunlight was visible. To his amazement this region showed the most intense reaction of all. This showed for the first time that an invisible form of light existed beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum. This new type of light which Ritter called Chemical Rays later became known as ultraviolet light or ultraviolet radiation the word ultra means beyond. - Parkinson Breakthroughs: 1801 P. unknown
1832ref. 44145Paris Crochard 1832. Contemp. hcalf. gilt spine light wear along edges. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 50 Series 2. Entire volume offered. 448 pp. 2 folded engraved plates. Faraday's papers: pp. 5-67 a. pp. 113-162. First French editions of the 2 first memoirs of Faradays groundbreaking researches on electricity constituting the first 2 papers of his "Experimental Researches in Electricity" and containing his fundamental discovery of electromagnetic induction THE FOUNDATION OF NEARLY ALL THE ELECTRICITY IN USE TODAY. In 1820 Oersted had generated magnetism from electricity Faraday here finds the opposite effect generating electricity by magnetism. He also described the first electrical generator second paper. THESE PAPERS ARE SOME OF THE GREAT CLASSICS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS."Faraday demonstrated this theory involving the lines of force.by inserting a magnet into a coil of wire attached to a galvanometer. While the magnet was being inserted or removd current flowed through the wire. If the magnet was held stationary and the coil moved over it one way or the other there was current in the wire. In either case the magnetic lines of force about the magnet were cut by the wire.If the magnet and coil were both held motionless whether the magnet was within the coil or not there was no current.Faraday hd thus discovered electricalinduction.It was to lead to great things but this was not apparent."Asimov."Although his discovery of the electric motor and the dynamo was almost entirely identical to his theoretical discoveries it laid the foundation of the modern electrical industry - electric light and power teælephony wireless telegraphy televison etc. - by providing for the production of continous mechanical motion from an electrical source and vice versa." PMM 308.Horblit 29 - Milestones 62. - Dibner 64. - PMM 308. unknown
1750ref. 42895Petropoli St. Petersbourg 1750. 4to. Uncut without wrappers. Extracted from "Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae" Tom. I. ad Annum 1747 et 1748. Pp. 245-266 a. 1 engraved plate ad. p. 251. Clean and fine. First appearance of a groundbreaking paper in chemistry in which Lomonosov describes his discovery of the transition of a metal into passive state and this is the first scientific description of this phenomena. He observed and described fast termination of the dissolution of iron in concentrated nitric acid and attributed this to a change in the solvent properties."Lomonosov employed corpuscular mechanics in chemical explanations more extensively than Boyle had done. Treating chemical compounds as particles in adhesion he held that "adhesion is eliminated and renewed by means of motion.since no change in a body can take place withouy motion". He attempted to apply these theories to chemical phenomena - although he was limited to speculation- in papers on the action of chemical solvents in general."DSB VIII p. 469."Lomonosov was founder of Russian science and he would be universally recognized as a great pioneer of science had he been born a West European. He was famous also for his literary works including poems and dramas. In 1755 he wrote a Russian Grammar that reformed the language and in the same year he helped found the University of Moscow. In 1760 he published the first history of Russia."Isaac Asimov. unknown
1799ref. 44095Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1799 1800. Without wrappers extracted from "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 2. p. 483 one page. and Bd. 6 pp. 105-115. Some scattered brownspots. First German translation of Davy's announcement the announcement on 1 page of his discovery of the unusual anaesthetic effects of nitrous oxide which on being inhaled gave rise to a giddy intoxicated feeling. On announcing his discovery he says that he will publish a paper discribing the experiments with the gas later. This is the paper offered here also in the first German version. Both the announcement and the paper were issued in the "Annalen" the same year as they appeared in Nicholson's Journal.The gas was first synthesized by English natural philosopher and chemist Joseph Priestley in 1772 who called it phlogisticated nitrous air."Following Priestley's discovery Humphry Davy of the Pneumatic Institute in Bristol England experimented with the physiological properties of the gas such as its effects upon respiration. He even administered the gas to visitors to the institute and after watching the amusing effects on people who inhaled it coined the term 'laughing gas'! Davy even noted the anaesthetic effects of the gas: "As nitrous oxide in its extensive operation appears capable of destroying physical pain it may probably be used with advantage during surgical operations in which no great effusion of blood takes place".Wikipedia."Davy discovered the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide and suggested its use during surgiical operations a suggestion which was not turned to useful account until 1844."Garrison & Morton 5646 not mentioning the announcing of its discovery in 1799. unknown
1801ref. 43599Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1801. Without wrappers as published in "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 7 Zweites Stück. The entire issue offered =Heft 2. Pp. 137-264 a. 2 folded engraved plates. Herschels papers: pp. 137-156. The plate depicts Herschel's experimental arrangements. First appearance in German of Herschel's epochal announcement of his discovery of infrared light in 1800. This was the first time that a form of light beyond visible light had been detected. The paper offered is the German translation of the main parts of Herschel's paper "An Investigation of the Powers of Prismatic Colours to Heat and Illuminate Objects"."In 1800 he tested various portions of the sun's spectrum by thermometer to see if he could find interesting differences in the amount of heat the different colors delivered. He did but in a rather unexpected way for he found that the temperature rise was highest in no color at all at a spot beyond the red end of the spectrum. He concluded that the sunlight contained invisible light beyond the red. This is now called infrared radiation. The following year Ritter was to extend the visible spectrum in the other direction."Asimov.Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1800 P. unknown
1842ref. 42843London Richard and John E. Taylor 1842. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1842 - Part II. Pp. 181-214 and one double-page folded engraved plate. First appearance of a pioneer-paper in the history of early photography in which Herschel announced some of his importent discoveries of the photographic printing processes the process of photographic contact-printing in Prussian blue brought to light just three years after Louis Daguerre and Henry Talbot had announced their independent inventions of photography in silver using metal and paper substrates respectively. and the photographic properties of red ferro sesquicyanuret of potassium."This is the first recorded observation of Prussian blue being formed for a photographic purpose by the action of light on potassium ferricyanide so it represents the moment of discovery of the first cyanotype process although this name still lay in the future. The significance of this observation impressed Herschel sufficiently to mention it also in his general diary entry for 23 April 1842."Mike Ware in "John Herschel's Cyanotype. Invention or discovery ". unknown
1805ref. 45516Paris Chez Bernard AN XIII 1805. No wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie ou Recueil de Mémoires." Vol. 55 Cahier 2 30 Thermidor an XIII. Pp. 113-224 entire issue offered. Htitle to vol. 55 present. Robiquet's paper: pp. 152-171. First appearance of Robiquet's first chemical paper in which he relates his discovery of asparagine by analysis of asparagus juice the first amino acid to be discovered. The following year he made the first isolation of this amino acid together with Vaguelin. Pierre Jean Robiquet was a French chemist who laid founding work in identifying amino acids the fundamental bricks of proteins through recognizing the first of them asparagin in 1806 in the take up of the industry of industrial dyes with the identification of alizarin in 1826 and in the emergence of modern medications through the identification of codeine in 1832 a powerful molecule today of widespread use with analgesic and antidiarrheal properties. unknown
1855ref. 45031Paris Victor Masson 1855. 8vo. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' Series 3 tome 30 December-issue. With halftitle to vol. 30. Pp. 385-508 a. 1 plate. Entire issue offered. Wurtz's paper: pp. 443-506. First appearance of the entire memoir in which Wurtz describes his outstanding discovery of Liebig’s prediction that there might be organic compounds analogous to ammonia and derivable from it by the replacement of hydrogen - the amines. The discovery was announced in 1849 and a small extract was printed in "Comptes rendu" 4 pp. The offered paper is the memoir in full.Wurtz is most noted for his investigation of glycols and for his discovery of the amines. The latter discovery in 1849 the paper offered was very significant at the time for ot suggested the possibility of a new type the ammonia type which helped to explain the behaviour of nitrogenous compounds. Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book." pp. 362-63. - Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1849 C.Charles Adolphe Wurtz was born at Strasbourg 1817. For many years he was Professor of Chemistry at the Ecole de Médicine and at Sorbonne in Paris. He was known not only for his researches in organic chemistry but also for his many literary works. He was editor of a Dictionnaire de Chemie Pure et Appliquée and after 1868 one of the editors of the Annalen der Chemie et de Physique. He died in Paris in 1884. unknown
1848ref. 49456Paris Bachelier 1848. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 26 No 21. Pp. 529- 548. Entire issue offered. Pasteur's paper: pp. 535-538. Clean and fine. First appearance of the announcement of Pasteur's momentous and revolutionary discovery of "molecular assymetry" and founding the science of Polarimetry.The discovery was first announced by Pasteur in may 1848 by the printing of the preliminary report of only 4 short pages in order to establish priority the paper offered. A more full exposition was published the same year in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 3me Series - Tome XXIV."In 1848.Pasteur studied the crystals of tartrates one of the substances that exhibited the now-clockwise now-counterclockwise effect under the microscope and found that the xcrystasls were mirror images of the others. The two crystals resemmbled each other as a right-hand glove resembles a left-hand glove.This was a revolutionary discovery and it took some courage to announce it. A few years before the well-known chemist Mitscherlich had studies the same tartrate crystals and declared them all to be identical. Pasteur was only a twenty-sic-year-old unknown. neverthelless he announced his findings and went before Biot to repeat the separation ofthe crystals before the eyes of the aged authority in the field. Biot was convinced and Pasteur received the Rumford medal of the Royal Society for his work.Pasteur had thus founded the science of polarimetry in which the measurements of the manner in which the plane of polarized light was twisted could be used to help to determine the structure of organic substance to follow various chemical reactions and so on."Asimov. Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book of Chemistry" p. 374-379. unknown
1810ref. 42219London W. Bulmer and Co. 1810. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 16-74 and 2 engraved plates showing Davy's electrochemical apparatus for decomposing substances. The plates dampstained. Text fine and clean. First appearence of this historical chemical paper Davy' fifth Bakerian Lecture in which he announced his discovery of hydrogen telluride."Mr. Davy having from the commencement of his electro-chemical researches communicated the several steps of his progress to the Society The Royal Society takes the present opportunity of reporting the results of his further inquiries under four principal heads. First on the nature of the metals of the fixed alkalis. Second on the nature of Hydrogen and composition of ammonia. Thirdly on the metals of the earth; and Fourthly he makes a comparison between the antiphlogistic doctrine and a modified phlogistic hypothesis."Abstract. He further gives arguments for considering potassium and sodium which he discovered in 1808 as a element."Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800 and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lectures." - Wheeler Gift: 2518. unknown
1777ref. 46614London W. Bowyer and J. Nichols 1777. 4to. Extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" Year 1777. Vol. 67 - Part I. Pp. 260-265. Clean and fine broadmargined. First apperarance of this paper constituting the first reliable account of colour blindness.Usually Goethe or John Dalton - Huddart's case was cited in Dalton's paper of 1794 - is supposed to have discovered colourblindness. However the English oculist Joseph Huddart was the discoverer of this phenomenon. The first physiological explanation of it does come from Goethe.Garrison & Morton: 5832. unknown
1835ref. 47003Philadelphia Fraklin Institute 1835. 8vo. Later full green cloth. Tome-and titlelabels in leather with gilt lettering on spine. In: "Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania. Edited by Thomas P. Jones" Vol. XV. New series. Engraved frontisp. 2446 pp. 2 folded engraved plates and 2 folded engraved maps. Entire volume offered. Henry's announcement: pp. 169-70. A stamp to verso of frontispiece Library of Congress duplicate stamp. First printing of this importent paper the first to describe in detail how the phenomena of Self-Induction was discovered. Henry discovered the induction phenomena - how an electric current in one coil may set up a current in the other through the development of the magnetic field - independently of Faraday but Faraday was first to publish on electromagnetic induction. Henry's experiments with induction led him to his importent discovery of SELF-INDUCTION which is the phenomenon in which a change in electric current in a coil produces an induced emf in the coil itself. This phenomenon was also discovered inependently by Faraday but this time Henry had published first. The basic unit of inductance was to be called "the Henry". Relevant to the controversy between Faraday and Henry is the following statement by A D Bache Secretary of the American Philosophical Society introducing an abstract of Henry in J Franklyn Inst. 1835 pp. 169-70 H. Norman 1053 and the paper offerd: "A memoir on this subject has been since submitted to the Society containing an extension of the subject the primary fact in relation to which was observed by Professor Henry as early as 1832 and announced by him in the American Journal of Science. Mr. Faraday having recently entered upon a similar train of observations the immediate publication of the accompanying is important that the prior claims of our fellow countryman may not be overlooked."Spark Museum.Magee "Source Book in Physics" p. 515. hardcover
1834ref. 43654Paris Crochard 1834. No wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 2. Series Tome 56 Cahier 4 last issue of tome 56. Entire issue offered. Pp. 337-444. Peltier's paper: pp. 371-386. The text calls for a plate but not present here. First printing of the paper in which Peltier describes his discovery of the "Peltier-Effect" the thermo-electric cooling and heating of an electrical junction dependent on the direction of the current."Stimulated by the work of Nobili Peltier constructed a sensitive galvanometer to measure the conductivities of antimony and bismuth for small currents. Peltier's use of small samples of these nonductile materials was fortunate because the anomalous behavior of these materials led him to construct a thermoelectric thermoscope and to measure the temperature distribution along a series of thermocouple circuits. He discovered that a cooling effect can take place at one junction and an excessive heating at the other. He then confirmed this discovery by using an air thermometer in place of the thermoscope. Peltier did not pursue the effect he had discovered and its importence was not fully recognized until after the thermodynamic work of William Thomson twenty years later."DSB X p. 500.Wheeler Gift no 2684. - Ronald's Library p. 389. - Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1834 P. unknown
1923ref. 49718Paris Gauthier-Villars et Cie 1923. 4to. Bound in one contemp. full buckram. Spines gilt and with gilt lettering. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 177. Bound with orig. printed front-wrapper to No. 1 half-title and title-page to vol. 177. 1513 pp. Entire volume offered. De Broglie's papers: pp. 507-510 pp. 548-551 a. pp. 630-32. Clean and fine. A punched stamp on foot of title-page. First edition of these papers which ESTABLISHED A NEW ERA IN PHYSICS by introducing the epochal new principle that particle-wave duality should apply not only to radiation but also to matter and thus CREATING QUANTUM MECHANICS. These 3 papers were extended to form his doctoral thesis of 1924 "Recherches sur la Théorie des Quanta."De Broglie relates "After long reflection in solitude and meditation I suddenly had the idea during the year 1923 that the discovery made by Einstein in 1905 should be generalized by extending it to all material particles and notably to electrons" Preface to his PhD thesis 1924."He made the leap in his September 10 1923 paper: E=hv should hold not only for photons but also for electrons to which he assigns a 'fictitious associated wave'. In his September 24 paper he indicated the direction in which one 'should seek experimental confirmations of our ideas': a stream of electrons traversing an aperture whose dimensions are small compared with the wavelenght of the electron waves 'should show diffraction phenomena' ."Pais "Subtle is the Lord" pp. 425-436.In the third paper October 8 he discusses "The interplay between the propagation of the particle and of the waves could be expressed in more formal terms as an identity between the fundamental variational principles of Pierre de Fermat rays and Pierre Louis Maupertuis particles as de Broglie discussed it further in his last communication . Therein he also considered some thermodynamic consequences of his generalized wave-particle duality. He showed in particular how one could using Lord Rayleigh’s 1900 formula for the number of stationary modes for phase waves obtain Planck’s division of the mechanical phase space into quantum cells.Louis de Broglie achieved a worldwide reputation for his discovery of the wave theory of matter for which he received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1929. His work was extended into a full-fledged wave mechanics by Erwin Schrödinger and thus contributed to the creation of quantum mechanics. After an early attempt to propose a deterministic interpretation of his theory de Broglie joined the Copenhagen school’s mainstream noncausal interpretation of the quantum theory."DSB."This idea i.e. de Broglie's that matter might behave as waves was tested and confirmed by Davisson and Germer in 1927. Thus the duality of both light and matter had been established and physicists had to come to terms with fundamental particles which defied simple theories and demanded two sets of 'complementary' descriptions each applicable under certain circumstances but incompatible with one another." Printing and the Mind of Man 417. hardcover
1847ref. 48815Paris Bachelier1847. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome XXIV No. 7. Pp. 209- 252. Entire issue offered. Sobrero's paper: pp. 247-248. Clean and fine. First appearance of the paper in which Sobrero announced his discovery of nitroglycerin."When I think of all the victims killed during nitroglycerine explosions and the terrible havoc that has been wreaked which in all probability will continue to occur in the future I am almost ashamed to admit to be its discoverer." Sobrero"Nitroglycerin was synthesized by the chemist Ascagne Sobrero in the middle of the nineteenth century. When he tasted it as all good nineteenth century chemists did when they discovered a new compound it gave him what he called a migraine because of its vasodilatory effect which was later harnessed in the treatment of angina by William Murrell 1879 following the experience of a distinguished British clinician Lauder Brunton using amyl nitrite 1867 Later in the nineteenth century Alfred Nobel discovered how to stabilize nitroglycerin using kieselguhr diatomite clay; this led to highly successful industrial applications of dynamite and created the fortune that eventually funded the eponymous prizes. For medical purposes nitroglycerin was subsequently renamed glyceryl trinitrate to hide the fact that it was literally dynamite as well as metaphorically." unknown
1898ref. 43857Berlin J.A. Barth 1898. No wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik" Neue Folge Band 65 No 5. Pp. 1-240. Entire issue offered No.5. Titlepage to vol. 65. Stamp on titlepage. Schmidt's paper: pp. 141-151 textillustr. A tear to inner lower corners of pp. 24-32. not affecting Schmidt's paper. Clean and fine. First printing of Schmidt's full exposition in which he describes his discovery of the radioactivity of Thorium. Schmidt and Marie Curie independently demonstrated the radioactive quality but Schmidt's demonstration took place a few months before Curie's. The discovery was announced but not described in full in a short message published in "Verhandl. d. Phys. Gesellsch. zu Berlin 1898."Schmidt made his discovery while examining "many elements and compounds" in an effeort to determine whether any of the rays that were emitted bore a resemblance to those that Henri becquerel had found emerging from uranium and uranium compounds. He located only one such element thorium and immediately conducted absorption ionization reflection refradction and poklarization studies to determine the characteristics of its rays. Having combined a misinterpretation of Becquerel's with one of his own Schmidt concluded that thorium rays most resembled Röntgen rays - a conclusion that soon required revisoln in view of the researches of Marie Curie and Ernest Rutherford."DSB XII p. 191. unknown
1870ref. 42423London Taylor and Sons 1870. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1869 Vol. 159 - Part I. Pp. 425-444 and 2 lithographed plates 1 with the spectrum of helium 1 with his spectroscope not requiring eclipses to function. Clean and fine. First appearance of this milestone paper in chemistry physics and astronomy announcing the discovery of helium in the sun and naming it 'helium' for Helios the Greek God of the Sun. In the same paper he demonstrates his invention of the spectroscope by which the prominences of the sun could be observed and studied without an eclipse by leading the light from the very edge of the sun through a prism. - Helium was not discovered on the earth before 1895 by William Ramsay and it was Crookes who established its identity with the helium Lockyer observed in the spectrum of the sun."This the last discovery was announced on the same day by the French astronomer Janssen who was in India observing a total eclipse. As a result the French government some ten years later struck a medallion showing the heads of both scientists.By that time the two men had made a much more dramatic discovery at the same time this time in cooperation. Janssen studying the spectrum ofthe sun during the eclipse had noted a fine line he did not recognize. he send a report on this to Lockyer an acknowledges expert on solar spectra. Lockyer compared the reported position of the line with lines of known elements concluding that it must belong to a yeat unknown element possibly not even existing on the earth. He named the element from the Greek word for the sun."Asimov. unknown
1858ref. 47111Paris Mallet-Bachelier 1858. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 47 No 6 a. No 10. Pp. 245- 279 a. pp. 393- 431 entire issues offered. Bernard's papers: pp. 245- 253 a. pp. 393 -400. First appearance of these landmark papers in which Barnard explains his discovery of how the nerves controls the blood vessels. This is the "discovery of the vascoconstrictor and vasodilator nerves and description of their function of regulating the blood supply to the different parts of the body."Garrison & Morton No. 774."In 1858 the papers offered Bernard demonstrated the existence of vasodilator nerves by finding an increased blood flow through the submaxillary gland when the corda tympani is stimulated. He also observed that the venous blood became bright red. Since that time an enormous amount of research has been carried out on the vasomotor system."R.J.S. Mcdowall.Garrison & Morton No. 774. unknown
1874ref. 49327Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1874. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage. In: "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff" Sechste Reihe Bd. 3 = Poggendorff Bd. 153. X636 pp. 4 plates. Entire volume offered. Braun's paper: pp. 556-563. First printing of Brown's importent paper in which he described his discovery of a semiconductor diode noting that electrical currents flows freely in only one direction at the contact between a metal point and a galena crystal."In 1874 Braun published the results of his research on mineral metal sulfides. He found that these crystals conducted electric currents in only one direction. This information was important in electrical research and in measuring another property of substances the electrical conductivity but Braun’s discovery did not have immediate practical application. In the early twentieth century the principle that Braun had discovered was employed in crystal radio receivers."DSB.The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909 was awarded jointly to Guglielmo Marconi and Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy". hardcover
1813ref. 43081Paris J. Klostermann 1813. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. A few scratches to binding. In: "Annales de Chimie ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie" Tome 88. - 336 pp. the entire volume offered. Pp. 304-310 311-318 319-321 a. 322-329. Scattered brownspots. First printing of this paper announcing the discovery of Iodine. Courtois found this substance which he suspected to be a new element while burning algae in order to obtain sodium and potassium compounds. Although Courtois discovered the element in 1811 the announcement of it was not made until two years later after he had turned it over to Charles Desormés and Nicolas Clément."The first publication on iodine are somewhat confusing. Courtois's research is found in a paper attributed to him the paper offered but actually the work of Clément. was followed by an anonymous article the second paper offered. Gay-Lussac. who repeated and extended Courtios's work was responsible for this paper. Courtois himself published nothing. These two articles were immediately followed by short contributions of Gay-Lussac and Humphry Davy on the new element third and fourth paper offered. Gay-Lussacs views none too flattering to Davy on the history ofthe discovery of iodine appeared in his "Mémoire sur l'iode" 1814."DSB III p. 455. - Weeks "Discovery of the Elements" pp. 257-262.The volume contains further importent papers in chemistry Guyton de Morveau "Sur la chaux maigre" "Sur le dissolvant des pierres biliaires" an importent paper by Chevreul on animal fats "Recherches chimiques sur plusieurs corps gras et particulierement sur leurs combinaisons avec les alcalis" Berzelius's papers "Mémoires sur la compositions des fluides animaux" first edition in French Suite first edition Parmentier etc. etc. unknown
1914ref. 41545London 1914. No wrappers but stiched. All three papers contained in: "Philosophical Magazine" Sixth Series Vol. 27. No. 159. March 1914. The whole issue issue offered =no. 159: pp. 397-540 and 2 plates.Rutherford's paper.pp. 488-498. - Darwin's paper: pp. 499-506. - Bohr's paper: pp. 506-523. All clean and fine. First edition and first printing of all three papers. Rutherford in this paper for the first time identifies the hydrogen nucleus and called it the 'positive electron'. He later called it 'the proton' . In his definitive paper of 1911 he estimated the radius of the nucleus a hundred thousand times smaller than that of an atom. Darwin in his paper offered here gave a more precise measure.In the first lines of the paper Rutherford outlines the content "The present paper and and the accompanying paper by Mr. C. Darwin the second paper offered here deal with certain points in connection with the "nucleus" theory of the atom which were purposely omitted in my first communication on that subject Phil. Mag. May 1911. A brief account is given of the later investigations which have been made to test the theory and of the deductions which can be drawn from them. At the same time a brief statement is given of recent observations on the passage of alpha particles through hydrogen which throw importent light on the dimensions of the nucleus." - Rutherford had studies alpha-particles intensely in the years before 1914 and proved quite conclusively that the individual particle was a helium atom with its electrons removed. The alpha particles were like the positive rays that had been discovered by Goldstein 1886 and now in 1914 the paper offered Rutherford suggested that the simplest positive rays must be those obtained from the hydrogen and that these must be the fundamentall positively-charged particle. He names it a 'positive electron'.Darwin in the paper offered "concluded from the known data:"No force proportional to some power of the distance other than the inverse square can give the dependence the Rutherford scattering cross section on the initial velocity" and he then calculated the distance of closest alpha-particle-nucleus approach.The paper by Niels Bohr relates to "The Stark effect". In 1913 appeared "an importent new discovery: when atomic hydrogen is exposed to a static electrical field its spectral lines split the amount of splitting being proportional to thefield strenght the linear Stark effect. After Rutherford read this news in "Nature" he at once wrote to Bohr:'I think it is rather up to you at the present time to write something on.electric effects.'" A. Pais. Bohrs paper on The Stark effect appeared in 1914 the paper offered here. - Rosenfeld. Niels Bohr' publications No. 10. unknown
