Flûte

rif. 6476 — One full-page woodcut illus. & music printing. 16 folding leaves. 8vo orig. wrappers orig. block-printed title label on upper cover rubbed new stitching. Japan: ca. 1684-1704. First edition and apparently unique; no copy is located in WorldCat or Union Catalogue of Japanese Books. The miyogiri is a type of shakuhachi an end-blown three-node bamboo flute with five finger holes. The various types of shakuhachi flutes have been some of Japan's most popular instruments. They were brought from China in the 8th century and became popular in 17th-century Japan when they were adopted by itinerant Buddhist beggar priests komuso of the Fuke sect who were employed by the ruling warrior class. This rare and comprehensive work begins with a table of contents and a physical description of the miyogiri along with instructions on correct embouchure. The next section is concerned with fingering techniques which are illustrated in two diagrams on two pages. This is followed by a wonderful full-page woodcut illustration of a Zen monk wearing a kara religious attire giving instruction to a samurai and a younger man. Following this are nine pieces of song music for the miyogiri written in a stylized version of katakana in vertical columns from right to left. Indications of blowing intensity and length of phrase are also included in the notation as is the text of the songs. The Fuke sect left a repertoire of between 200 and 300 pieces but most were lost with the forced dissolution of the sect in 1871. Our work provides a valuable record giving the scores and lyrics for nine pieces: Yoshinoyama Inoyama Shishi odari Okazaki Edo shishi Sakai shishi Sugagaki Taki otoshi and Rinzetsu. This seems to be the only record of several of the pieces. On the final page there is an indication that a separately issued second part appeared but there seems to be no surviving copy. Fine copy. ❧ See Grove Dictionary of Music Japan Section IV.3. Andreas Gutzwiller "The Shakuhachi of the Fuke-Sect: Instrument of Zen" in The World of Music Vol. 26 No. 3 Sacred Music II 1984 pp. 53-65. For a discussion of this copy see Seiichi Kishi's article: http://www.dental.gr.jp/bmbnt/bamboo51.htm. unknown books