Einstein

Einstein — marelibri

ZUR EINHEITLICHEN FELDTHEORIE VON A. EINSTEIN. Sonderabdruck aus den Sitzungsberichten der Preussischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften Phys.-Math Klasse 1929

1929Best.-Nr. 17857Berlin: Verlag Der Akademie der Wissenschaften 1929. An important offprint first edition. With mathematical formulas in text. Small folio in the original orange off-print paper wrappers printed in black on both covers. 8 pp. Very fine nearly as new. A RARE AND IMPORTANT OFFPRINT. EINHEITLICHEN FELDTHEORIE which means "A Coherent Theory of the Electro-Magnetic Field" and is the title of a five-page paper of highest mathematical formulae which Relativist Albert Einstein worked on for ten years. His report is a purely mathematical extension of the general theory of relativity to include gravitational and electromagnetic phenomena. His relativity theory which he phrased within only three printed pages made time & space the creator of matter. When this paper on the Unified Field Theory was published it was a headline story in the newspapers. Few if any people understood the complex mathematics but many were fascinated by the thought that Einstein had possibly came up with a new theory expanding on "General Relativity" and unifying the fundamental forces of nature. It is considered Einstein's last important scientific work Weil #165. "In 1928 Einstein embarked on a new approach to a unified field theory. involving what he called 'distant parallelism'. By early 1929 he had solved the main problems involved in writing down field equations for his unified field theory. On the day of official publication of the third of a formidably technical series of nine articles on the theory. excited headlines appeared in foreign newspapers throughout the world. In this frenzied unscientific atmosphere Einstein's new theory was hailed in the press as an outstanding scientific advance. Yet Einstein had stated in his article that this was still tentative; and soon he found he had to abandon it" Hoffmann/Dukas ''Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel'' 1972 pp. 225-226 Verlag Der Akademie der Wissenschaften unknown

Buddenbrooks, Inc. · Vereinigte Staaten1.815,00 $≈ 1.618,37 €

Einstein, AlbertBiblio.com

Strahlungs-Emission und -Absorption nach der Quantentheorie Radiation emission and absorption according to Quantum Theory in Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalische Gesellschaft 18 pp. 318-323 1916 EINSTEIN'S 1st PAPER ON THE DERIVATION OF PLANCK'S LAW AS WELL AS HIS INTRODUCTION OF THE THEORY OF STIMULATED EMISSION

1916Best.-Nr. 1614Braunschweig: Druck und Verlag von Friedr. Vieweg and Son 1916. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF AN IMPORTANT WORK BY EINSTEIN: HIS FIRST PAPER ON THE DERIVATION OF PLANCK'S LAW HERE INTRODUCING THE THEORY OF THE STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION INTO THE QUANTUM THEORY. "EINSTEIN'S CONCEPT OF STIMULATED EMISSION IS THE OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF THE NOW UBIQUITOUS LASER" Brandt Harvest of the Century 136. In 1900 Max Planck laid the foundation for quantum theory with his publication of Planck's law. Though Einstein commended Planck in his own "light-quantum hypothesis of 1905 he Einstein postulated that the energy quantization is a property of the radiation field itself and not due to the material resonators as Planck believed" ibid. "Einstein found a similarity between a cavity filled with radiation consisting of quanta and a vessel filled with gas consisting of atoms" Brandt Harvest of the Century 136. Einstein believed that "although either part of Planck's derivation was in itself consistent their combination was logically incompatible.For Einstein this inconsistency was no reason to reject Planck's quantum theory as such" it was a reason to study the foundations of traditional radiation theory and if needed revise them Jammer The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics 26. "After completion of his general theory of relativity in 1916 Einstein was able to derive Planck's original quantum law to his satisfaction "by considering the possible interactions between radiation and matter" Brandt. From there he was able to suggest that in addition to spontaneous emission and absorption a process of stimulated emission could also take place. In Einstein's derivation of Planck's law he treats "the interaction between light quanta and atoms in the formalism of his A and B coefficients. They describe the probabilities for the absorption and emission of a light quantum of a given energy. The probability of absorption is of course proportional to the density of the radiation of that frequency. The emission is in part spontaneous like radioactivity but there is also stimulated emission which again is proportional to the density of the radiation of that frequency ibid. This is one of two papers Einstein wrote on the subject. Einstein's derivation "predicted that as light passed through a substance it could stimulate the emission of more light. This effect is at the heart of the modern laser" The Quantum and the Cosmos I History AIP portal. CONDITION & DETAILS: Braunschweig: Druck und Verlag von Friedr. Vieweg and Son. 8.5 x 6 in. vi 485 1 2 368. 2. Ex-libris with few markings and non at the spine see scan. Tightly bound. Brown cloth over marbled paper boards; gilt- ruled and lettered at the spine. Clean and bright throughout. Near fine. This volume is bound together with the 1916 volume titled Halbmonatliches Literaturverzeichnis der "Fortschritte der Physik" Bi-monthly bibliography of the "Advances in Physics". Druck und Verlag von Friedr. Vieweg and Son hardcover

Atticus Rare Books · Vereinigte Staaten1.750,00 $≈ 1.560,41 €

Albert EinsteinBiblio.com

Schallausbreitung in teilweise dissoziierten Gasen. Propagation of Sound in Partly Dissociated Gases. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften XVIII 1920. Sitzung der physikalisch-mathematischen Klasse vom 8. April. Sonderabdruck Offprint.

1920Best.-Nr. 5724KBerlin: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften in commission at Walter de Gruyter Reichsdruckerei 29th April 1920. Near Fine. Imperial 8vo 25 4: 18 2 cm. 6 pages numbered 380-385. Letterpress on machine paper in original publisher’s brochure on cream stock with black title printing. First offprint in the original wrappers of Einstein's paper on the subject of intermolecular forces. – Edition: In this work Einstein calculated the rate of chemical reactions in a gas by means of observations on the propagation of sound and hence delivered an important contribution to modern acoustics see Mason »Physical Acoustics« p. 13. – Condition: Very fine indeed. – Rarity: According to Weil early offprints of Einstein’s papers may also be qualified as original and also highly collectable editions however they were printed in a certain but still small print run for commercial use mainly to sell them to fellow natural scientists: „No doubt the first appearance in a periodical is the „original edition“ but I have to leave it open for collectors librarians and others to decide whether these offprints in wrappers mostly with a printed title on them especially in the »Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften« are also „original editions“. These offprints are printed from the same setting as the text but often with new pagination.“ p. 4. As of February 2024 RBH records 5 complete copies of present offprint sold at auction 1 of them are additionally marked as author's presentation copies with „Überreicht vom Verfasser“ 2022 2006 2002 1999 1978. – Reference: Boni N.: A bibliographical checklist and index to the published writings of Albert Einstein 119; The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Volume 7 39; Shields M. C.: Bibliography der Schriften Einsteins. In: Schilpp P. A.: Albert Einstein als Philosoph und Naturforscher 130; Weil E.: Albert Einstein. A bibliography of his scientific papers 1901-1930 110. Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften (in commission at Walter de Gruyter [Reichsdruckerei]) unknown

Avocadobooks · Österreich1.400,00 €

EINSTEIN, A (+) E RUPPBiblio.com

Über die Interferenzeigenschaften des durch Kanalstrahlen emittierten Lichtes Einstein Über die Interferenzeigenschaften des Kanalstrahllichtes Rupp. Offprint from "Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften" XXV 1926. - THE GREATEST SCANDAL IN PHYSICS - AUTHOR'S PRESENTATION OFFPRINT ISSUE

1926Best.-Nr. 465401926. Royal8vo. Author's presentation offprint with the printed presentation statement on top of frontwrapper "Überreicht von den Verfassern" i.e. "Given by the authors". Original printed wrappers. Front wrapper loose but fully intact. "Chilpp 202" and "Recdese 160" written in hand to top of front wrapper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. 334-351. First edition in the scarce author's presentation offprint issue of this important paper which contains Einstein's theories on wave-particle duality and German physicist Rupp's work on the same subject seemingly to corroborating Einstein's theories. Rupp's experimental results later turned out to have been falsifications and today he is mainly known as the protagonist in one of the biggest scandals in physics in the 20th century.Rupp published a number of papers on the interference properties of light emitted by canal ray sources. These articles particularly the present that came into being in close collaboration with Albert Einstein attracted quite a lot of attention as they probed the wave versus particle nature of light. They also significantly propelled Rupp's career even though they were considered highly controversial to begin with.In April 1926 Albert Einstein proposed to Emil Rupp to carry out two experiments that were to prove the wave nature of light versus the particle nature of light: the so-called 'Wire Grid Experiment' and the 'Rotated Mirror Experiment' experiments that Einstein had worked on theoretically and now would like to gain confirmation of through experiments. Rupp at the time regarded as one of the most important and most competent experimental physicists gladly took up the challenge. Rupp's observations - though highly controversial - confirmed Einstein's theory. Due to the surprising outcome of the experiments Einstein was interested in exactly how it they were conducted as Rupp's initial descriptions did not convince him that the results were feasible."Rupp stood by his observations and suggested yet other circumstances that might explain them. Did Einstein now realize that there was something rather dubious about Rupp's work He had seen him change his data repeatedly-and each time in better accordance with his own criticism and on one occasion in no less than two days. He had had to accept that Rupp claimed to earlier have "unknowingly" or "unconsciously" rotated a mirror and he will likely have seen that Rupp's work was highly controversial amongst experimentalists leading to very public criticism in Die Naturwissenschaften. He himself was now also convinced that in fact Rupp's results were incomprehensible. So did Einstein choose to suspend the publication of Rupp's piece so that an additional round of checks and balances could take place The answer is no: Rupp's paper was presented by Einstein to the Prussian Academy in a session on 21 October 1926 and it appeared in print in the Academy's proceedings in November of 1926-the articles by Einstein and Rupp came out back to back and reprints circulated with both papers bound together with a joint cover page that displayed both titles. Einstein referred in his article to Rupp's claims and he had even written the abstract of Rupp's paper" Dongen: "Emil Rupp Albert Einstein and the Canal Ray Experiments on Wave-Particle".The first clear indication that Rupp's work was impossible to recreate came in 1930 in a paper published by Staub - nothing was wrong with Einstein's theory but Rupp's work was simply impossible: "Rupp immediately set out to respond to Straub's publication. On 12 July 1930 he sent a first draft to Einstein to whom he also announced his intention of redoing his canal ray experiments-Straub was dismissed as a clumsy graduate student with a lousy apparatus. Einstein suggested inviting Straub once Rupp had his experiment up and running again but cautioned him not to engage the polemic in too sharp a tone". Rupp managed to convince the physics society and continued to publish the new few years. In 1934 various different physicians pointed out that Rupp's work was impossible to recreate and in 1935 the final blow to Rupp's career came about when the German Physical Society's decided not to allow any citations of Rupp's work. This seems to have had very severe consequences as today it is almost impossible to find any quotations - or even mentioning of Rupp in general let alone his fraud - in any historical studies of either quantum theory or of Einstein.Despite the unquestionable fraud by Rupp his experiments and collaboration with Einstein might have had a positive influence on the further progression to quantum mechanics. The two present papers became of seminal importance in the discussions between Bohr and Heisenberg which eventually in 1927 resulted in Heisenberg publishing his landmark thesis on the uncertainty principle. When Max Born received the Nobel Prize in physics he stated that: "An idea of Einstein gave me the lead From the present paper. He had tried to make the duality of particles-light quanta or photons-and waves comprehensible by interpreting the square of the optical wave amplitudes as probability density for the occurrence of photons."Boni 160; Weil 153. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Dänemark10.000,00 DKK≈ 1.337,86 €

Back, Dr Frank Gerald [Einstein, Albert]Biblio.com

HAS THE EARTH A RING AROUND IT Inscribed by Dr. Back

1955Best.-Nr. 33706New York: The Ram Press 1955. 1st Edition - Limited. 1st Edition - Limited. We are going to experience another full Solar Eclipse April 8 2024. This volume was to celebrate Albert Einstein and the Solar Eclipse of Jun 30 1954 and June 20 1955. Unusual Signed Kilfitt/Zoomar Eclipse Book with original Einstein Frank Back Photo. 8vo 5 1/2" x 8 1/2" 40pp signed and inscribed by Dr. Back on the second free endpaper. "To Leslie and Duke. We should never make statements witch are not planned correct and checked by us .we should not impress by telling sometime .stories in order to make contributions or to say something. Talking is silence. "Silence is gold" Wish you the very best from the heart. T F Back sept 11 1965" A fine copy in handmade decorative paper covered boards printed glossy paper label on the upper cover limited edition of 3000 copies in the original glassine outer wrapper showing some light sunning. This volume was dedicated to Albert Einstein and is the only book that was ever written by "The Father of the Zoom Lens". With / An original black & white silver gelatin 5 x 7 photograph of Dr. Albert Einstein and Dr. Frank Gerald Back seated together in very fine condition acquired directly from Dr. Back's estate. This photograph was taken circa 1954 and is one of the images published in this limited edition. With An 18" x 22" blueprint folded of the Solar Eclipse Spectrograph size "C" drawing. It was made from the original drawing dated 4/1/55 drawn by Zoomar's Chief Designer Alfred Joseph Quittner "AJQ" & approved by Dr. Back "FGB". A very interesting package indeed. Dr. Back was a very close friend of Albert Einstein. Dr. Einstein persuaded the author to take the trip commemorated in this beautifully produced volume in order to capture the total eclipse of the sun which occurred on June 20 1955. Dr. Back intended to provide conclusive evidence for Einstein's theory of relativity by calculating the optical distortion if any of starlight caused by the sun's gravity. Earlier in 1919 Einstein's general relativity principles were supported by observations of a solar eclipse. The two scientists conferred on the project for over a year. Armed with a special Zoomar designed & built wide-angle solar-eclipse spectrograph Dr. Back was off to the Philippine Islands to board a military jet & chase the eclipse. Einstein however died while Back was on his way to Manila. Unable to report the excursion to his friend Dr. Back dedicated this book to his memory. Dr. Frank Back held over 200 patents directly relating to photographic equipment. He was the founder & president of Zoomar Inc. The photographic term " zoom" was derived from Zoomar. Dr. Back created the first widely used zoom lenses for motion picture and television; then in 1959 introduced the first zoom lens for still cameras with the introduction of the 36-82mm/f2.8 Voigtlander Zoomar. Dr. Back & Zoomar purchased the great Heinz Kilfitt optical factory of Munich Germany in 1966 & it became a subsidiary of Zoomar Inc. This volume was never widely distributed & when Zoomar Inc. ceased operations at Glen Cove Long Island many cases of this book were discovered & unceremoniously trashed. The existing number of copies is unknown but the book is not frequently encountered. This copy came from the personal estate of Dr. Frank Gerald Back & it is one of the few copies signed by him. An excellent example suited for collectors of Science Astronomy Einstein Zoomar or Photographic History in general. In a lovely custom clamshell case with a window insert displaying the original Einstein/Back photo. On page 13 there is a typo. He wrote July 301954 instead of June 30 1954 and was never changed. The Ram Press unknown

TBCL The Book Collection Library · Kanada1.500,00 $≈ 1.337,49 €

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