‎Hugo victor‎

‎GROTIUS Hugo.‎

‎Aentekeningen over het Evangely van Mattheus. � Uit het Latijn vertaelt Door David van Hoogstraten.‎

‎Gouda van Loon 1685. kl.-4�. 20 Bll. 652 8 S. Pgmt. d. Zt. m. Blindpr�g. auf beiden Deckeln. Hs. R�ckentit. Grotius Hugo 1583-1645 Gouda, van Loon 1685 unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 0615-20

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Annales et historiae de rebus Belgicis.‎

‎Amsterdam J. Blaeu 1658. 16° 8 Bl. 812 S. 15 Bl. Index 2 Bl. Corrigenda Titelholzschnitt OPerg. d. Zeit Vorderer fliegender Vors. fehlt Einband etwas fleckig innen etwas gebräunt einige Unterstreichungen von alter Hand. Vierte Auflage im gleichen Jahr erschien die dritte Aufl. im Octav-Format der im Jahr zuvor postum veröffentlichten Beschreibung des Befreiungskampfes der Holländischen Republik gegen Spanien. Berühmtes im offiziellen Auftrag der Generalstaaten verfasstes Werk. Die Darstellung umfasst in den «Annales» die Zeit von von 1559 - 1588 die « Historiae» beginnt 1588 und endet mit dem zwölfjährigen Waffenstillstand von 1609-21. Hugo Grotius niederl. Huigh oder Hugo de Groot 1583 -1645 politischer Philosoph Theologe und Rechtsgelehrter. Grotius gilt als einer der intellektuellen Gründungsväter des Souveränitätsgedankens der Naturrechtslehre und des Völkerrechts. 010 Amsterdam, J. Blaeu, 1658 unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 55869

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Annales et Historiae de rebus Belgicis‎

‎Amsterdam: Ex Typograpejo Joannis Blaeu 1657. First Edition. Engarved portrait of Grotius. 16 569 22 page. Folio. Later black cloth. Very Good. First Edition. Engarved portrait of Grotius. 16 569 22 page. Folio. Graesse III p.163; Brunet II 1767 Ex Typograpejo Joannis Blaeu unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 313611

‎GROTIUS HUGO.‎

‎Annotationes in Novum Testamenteum Editio nova qvam recensuit et Praefatione auxit Christ. Ern. de Windheim. - Tomi II. pars I. Acta Apostolorum et Paulli Epistolas ad Romanos Corinthios Galatas Ephesios Philippenses et Colossenses complectens.‎

‎Erlangen et leipzig Tetzchnerum 1756-57 4to. Contemp. hcalf. Intact but worn. 41288 pp. Indexes. Internally with a few brownspots but fine. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 48682

‎Grotius Hugo Bosch Jeronimo de. Observationes et notae in Anthologiam Graecam. . Saumaise Claude Lennep David Jacob van.‎

‎Anthologia Graeca cum versione Latina Hugonis Grotii 1795‎

‎2020. Paperback. New. Lang: - Latin & Greek. Pages 554. Reprinted in 2020 with the help of original edition published long back 1795. This book is Printed in black & white sewing binding for longer life with Matt laminated multi-Colour Soft Cover HARDCOVER EDITION IS ALSO AVAILABLE Printed on high quality Paper re-sized as per Current standards professionally processed without changing its contents. As these are old books we processed each page manually and make them readable but in some cases some pages which are blur or missing or black spots. If it is multi volume set then it is only single volume if you wish to order a specific or all the volumes you may contact us. We expect that you will understand our compulsion in these books. We found this book important for the readers who want to know more about our old treasure so we brought it back to the shelves. Any type of Customisation is possible with extra charges. Hope you will like it and give your comments and suggestions. paperback‎

书商的参考编号 : PB1111005326400

‎Grotius Hugo De Bosch Jeronimo‎

‎Anthologia Graeca Cum Versione Latina Hugonis Grotii Volume 2 Latin Edition‎

‎Nabu Press. Used - Like New. Used - Like New. This is a reproduction of an out of print title. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages poor pictures errant marks etc. that were either part of the original artifact or were introduced by the scanning process. Book is new and unread but may have minor shelf wear. Ships from UK in 48 hours or less usually same day. Your purchase helps support the African Children's Educational Trust A-CET. 100% money back guarantee. We are a world class secondhand bookstore based in Hertfordshire United Kingdom and specialize in high quality textbooks across an enormous variety of subjects. We aim to provide a vast range of textbooks rare and collectible books at a great price. Through our work with A-CET we have helped give hundreds of young people in Africa the vital chance to get an education. We provide a 100% money back guarantee and are dedicated to providing our customers with the highest standards of service in the bookselling industry. Nabu Press unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : Z1-K-024-01120 ???????? : 1144390206 9781144390202

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Band I: Annotationes ad Vetus Testamentum: Reprint of the the Amsterdam edition 1679. in Latin‎

‎Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. 1972. New. Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : FHV-9783772801655 ???????? : 377280165x 9783772801655

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Band II1: Annotationes in quatuor Evangelia & Acta Apostolorum: Reprint of the the Amsterdam edition 1679. in Latin‎

‎Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. 1972. New. Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : FHV-9783772801662 ???????? : 3772801668 9783772801662

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Band II2: Annotationes in Epistolas Apostolicas & Apocalypsin: Reprint of the the Amsterdam edition 1679. in Latin‎

‎Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. 1972. New. Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : FHV-9783772801679 ???????? : 3772801676 9783772801679

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Band III: Opuscula Diversa: Reprint of the Amsterdam edition 1679. in Latin‎

‎Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. 1972. New. Frommann-Holzboog Verlag e.K. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : FHV-9783772801686 ???????? : 3772801684 9783772801686

‎Grotius Hugo / P. C. Molhuysen / N. L. Meulenbroek‎

‎Briefwisseling van Hugo Grotius Correspondence of Hugo Grotius . 1626 - 1645 & supplement. Edited by P.C. Molhuysen B.L. Meulenbroek P.P. Witkam H.J.M. Nellen and C.M. Ridderikhoff. 15 volumes: volume 3 - volume 17‎

‎'s-Gravenhage Martinus Nijhoff 1961-2001. 15 vols. of 17; 27x19 cm. "RGP 105; 113; 119; 124; 130; 136; 142; 154; 179; 197; 213; 222; 238; 246; 248" Volume 1 and 2 are missing. ex university library traces of tickets stamps used Although still good see picture. Weight is 32.5 kg! 's-Gravenhage, Martinus Nijhoff, 1961-2001 unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 46208

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Catalogue De Manuscrits Autographes De Hugo Grotius‎

‎1952. Grotius Hugo. Catalogue De Manuscrits Autographes De Hugo Grotius. La Haye: Martinus Nijhoff 1952. 31pp. Paper. Leaves unopened. Very good. $25. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 22849

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎Commentary on the Law of Prize and Booty‎

‎1995. ISBN-10: 089941964X. ISBN-10: 089941964X. Grotius Hugo 1583-1645. Commentary on the Law of Prize and Booty. English translation by Gladys L. Williams from the Latin original De Jure Praedae Commentarius. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1950. Reprint. Buffalo: W.S. Hein 1995. xxxiv 438 3 pp. Cloth. New. $127. Carnegie Classics of International Law series. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 29293 ???????? : 089941964X 9780899419640

‎Grotius Hugo / L. Meulenbroek ao. eds. a. o.‎

‎De dichtwerken van Hugo Grotius : Oorspronkelijke dichtwerken. Eerste deel A. Sacra in quibus Adamus Exul‎

‎Assen Grotius Instituut / Van Gorcum 1970. Original cloth hardcover gilt. 320 pp.; 24x16 cm. "I. Oorspronkelijke Dichtwerken Eerste Deel A. Tekst en Vertaling". - Very good. See picture. ISBN: 9023205618 Assen, Grotius Instituut / Van Gorcum, 1970 hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : 43700 ???????? : 9023205618 9789023205616

‎GROTIUS Hugo.‎

‎De Iure Belli ac Pacis.‎

‎Amsterdam: Guilielmum Blaeu 1632. Octavo 159 x 195 mm. Contemporary vellum faded manuscript title to spine faded blind-ruled panels to covers. Contemporary Latin annotations in margins throughout first third of book. Vellum lightly soiled contemporary ink jottings to rear cover cover edges a little worn. A very good copy. Fourth authorized edition fifth in total first published in Paris in 1625. The preceding edition had been a piracy by Joannem Jansonium also printed in Amsterdam in 1632. This edition includes a note on the verso of the title page by Grotius stating his preference for this edition and that he did not recognise the former. Grotius's masterpiece "On the law of war and peace" made him famous throughout Europe. "The questions he put forward have come to be the basis of the ultimate view of law and society. This was the first attempt to lay down a principle of right and a basis for society and government outside Church or Scripture. Grotius's principle of an immutable law which God can no more alter than a mathematical axiom was the first expression of 'droit naturel' the natural law which exercised the great political theorists of the eighteenth century and is the foundation of modern international law" PMM for first edition. Ter Meulen & Diermanse 569. Amsterdam: Guilielmum Blaeu, hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : 124231

‎Grotius Hugo. PC. Molhuysen editor P. C.‎

‎De Iure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres In Quibus Ius Naturae et Gentium.‎

‎2016. ISBN-13: 9781584775393; ISBN-10: 1584775394. ISBN-13: 9781584775393; ISBN-10: 1584775394. The Standard Critical Edition Grotius Hugo. De Iure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres In Quibus Ius Naturae et Gentium Item Juris Publici Praecipua Explicantur. Cum Annotatis Auctoris. Edited by P.C. Molhuysen. Preface by C. Van Vollenhoven. Originally published: Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff. 1919. xv 752 pp. Reprinted 2005 2016 by The Lawbook Exchange Ltd. ISBN-13: 9781584775393; ISBN-10: 1584775394. Hardcover. New. $49.95 Reprint of the standard critical Latin edition of Grotius's magnum opus of 1625 which established the framework of modern international law. Grotius describes the situations in which war is a valid tool of law enforcement and outlines the principles of armed combat. Though based on Christian natural law Grotius advanced the novel argument that his system would still be valid if it lacked a divine basis. In this regard he pointed to the future by moving international law in a secular direction. A work of painstaking philological research this edition is based on the final version edited by the author which issued posthumously in 1646. Differences between this edition and those of 1632 and 1642 are noted and the author of each text quotation is identified with reference to modern editions. A list of Grotius's citations is also included. "Others wrote upon the law of nations before him but Grotius was the first to attempt a systematic treatise. . . . In his De Jure Belli ac Pacis first published in 1625 there is precedent or inspiration for most of the important doctrines elaborated by later writers." Edwin D. Dickinson 26 Am. J. Int'l L. 239 1932. Hugo Grotius 1583-1645 a pre-eminent contributor to international legal doctrine was an influential Dutch jurist philosopher and theologian. This work De Jure Belli ac Pacis On the Law of War and Peace originally published in 1625 is widely considered to be the first master treatise on international law. Grotius is also known for De Jure Praedae 1604 in which he argues against territorial sovereignty of the seas and The Freedom of the Seas Mare Liberum 1609 which continues his plea for free trade among all nations. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 42082 ???????? : 1584775394 9781584775393

‎Grotius Hugo; Gwladys L. Williams & Walter H. Zeydel‎

‎De Iure Praedae Commentarius Commentary on the Law of Prize and Booty vol. 1: A Translation of the Original Manuscript of 1604‎

‎Oxford 1950. Hardcover with dust jacket. Yellowed pages badly torn dust jacket. Oxford hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : 667370

‎Grotius Hugo; Gronov Gronow Johannes‎

‎De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres: In Quibus Jus Naturae & Gentium.‎

‎1712. Amsterdam 1712. 1 volume bound in 3 books. Amsterdam 1712. 1 volume bound in 3 books. Handsome Copy of Gronov's Important Edition of Grotius Grotius Hugo 1583-1645. Gronov Gronow Johannes Editor. De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres: In Quibus Jus Naturae & Gentium Item Juris Publici Praecipua Explicantur: Cum Annotatis Auctoris Ex Postrema Ejus Ante Obitum Cura: Accesserunt Ejusdem Dissertatio de Mari Libero & Libellus Singularis de Aequitate Indulgentia & Facilitate: Nec non Joann. Frid. Gronovii v.c. Notae in Totum Opus De Jure Belli ac Pacis. Amsterdam: Apud Janssonio-Waesbergios 1712. xiv 94 158; 159-636; 537-946 pp. Complete; divided into three books index bound before p.1 of first book. Copperplate allegorical frontispiece copperplate portrait of Grotius. Octavo 7-1/2" x 4-1/2". Nineteenth-century morocco gilt rules and corner fleurons to boards raised bands and gilt titles and compartments to spines all edges gilt gilt tooling to board edges gilt inside dentelles marbled endpapers ribbon markers. Moderate rubbing to extremities corners bumped. Light to moderate toning light foxing in a few places in each book early owner inscription to verso of front free endpaper of first book. A handsome set. $1250. Later Gronov edition. With side-notes and index. Of all his numerous works De Jure Belli ac Pacis will always be considered Grotius' magnum opus the work upon which his reputation most solidly rests. "The distinction between religion and law or morality is not clearly made but Grotius' principle of an immutable law which God can no more alter than a mathematical axiom was the first expression of the droit naturel the natural law which exercised the great political theorists of the eighteenth century and is the foundation of modern international law" Carter and Muir. The first Gronov edition one of the most important editions of Grotius was published in 1663. Our 1712 copy includes Mare Liberum or Freedom of the Seas 1609 Grotius's influential treatise on maritime law and the right of free navigation. As indicated by his title Grotius's study is in three parts designated "three books" Libri Tres. An owner of this copy took that statement literally and had it bound as a three-book set. The index was also moved to the beginning of the first book. Carter and Muir Printing and the Mind of Man 125. Ter Muelen and Dierma. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 71181

‎Grotius Hugo Whewell William‎

‎De jure belli et pacis libri tres Volume 2 1853 Leather Bound‎

‎2019. Leather Bound. New. Leather Binding on Spine and Corners with Golden Leaf Printing on round Spine. Reprinted in 2019 with the help of original edition published long back 1853. This book is printed in black & white sewing binding for longer life Printed on high quality Paper re-sized as per Current standards professionally processed without changing its contents. As these are old books we processed each page manually and make them readable but in some cases some pages which are blur or missing or black spots. We expect that you will understand our compulsion in these books. We found this book important for the readers who want to know more about our old treasure so we brought it back to the shelves. Hope you will like it and give your comments and suggestions. Lang: - lat Vol: - Volume 2 Pages 478. EXTRA 10 DAYS APART FROM THE NORMAL SHIPPING PERIOD WILL BE REQUIRED FOR LEATHER BOUND BOOKS. FOLIO EDITION IS ALSO AVAILABLE. Volume 2 hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : LB1111005880164

‎GROTIUS Hugo‎

‎De jure belli ac pacis libri tres. Editio secunda emendatior & multis locis auctior‎

‎Amsterdam: apud G. Blaeuw 1631. 2nd Edition. Hardcover. Very Good. 2nd Edition. Hardcover. Folio - over 12 - 15" tall. Folio 298 x 195 mm. 24 554 46 pp. title printed in red and black with woodcut device lacks the final blank. Contemporary full calf boards ruled in gilt spine with 6 raised bands gilt in compartments and with gilt-lettered morocco label crack in upper joint repaired spine ends scuffed boards rubbed and soiled extremities worn and leather partly chipped lower corners bumped. Text very little browned very minor occasional spotting faint dampstaining to upper margin. Provenance: Chevallier Rufigny bookplate to front pastedown. ---- Ter Meulen-D. 567; vgl. PMM 125 for 1st. ed. THE SECOND AUTHORISED EDITION first folio and first Amsterdam edition of the 'foundation of modern international law' PMM. A prodigy in his youth Grotius became a statesman and thinker of the greatest integrity whose influence on modern European thought can scarcely be overestimated. In 1619 cutting short a successful career in the law and diplomacy Grotius was sentenced to life imprisonment in the Louvestein fortress in Holland by order of the stadtholder Prince Maurice of Nassau for having attempted to orchestrate a compromise between the Calvinist and anti-Spanish party led by Maurice and the more moderate Remonstrant party who advocated self-government of the Dutch states in matters of religion. After a dramatic escape two years later his wife smuggled him out of jail in a book trunk Grotius took refuge in France where he survived on meagre pensions setding in 1623 in the country house of the President de Meme near Senlis close to the property of deThou fib who gave him free access to his father's splendid library. There Grotius began writing his master work De jure belli ac pacis. Many of the ideas developed therein had been outlined in an unpublished work of his youth the De jure praedae the manuscript of which he had brought with him enabling him to finish the treatise in under a year. The fundamental importance of the mature work is its attempt a century before the spread of the Enlightenment 'to obtain a principle of right and a basis for society and government outside the church or the Bible' M. Pattison art."Grotius" Ency. Brit. 191112 p.623. "L'�dition qui est la premi�re parue en Hollande et la premi�re en grand format est la troisi�me de toute la serie . . . est la plus importante des cinq �ditions qui on �t� pr�par�es plus ou moins par l'auteur lui-m�me." Ter Meulen Grotius No. 567. Visit our website for additional images and information. apud G. Blaeuw hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : 002622

‎Grotius Hugo Whewell William‎

‎De jure belli et pacis libri tres Volume 3 1853‎

‎2020. Paperback. New. Lang: - lat Vol: - Volume 3 Pages 506. Reprinted in 2020 with the help of original edition published long back 1853. This book is Printed in black & white sewing binding for longer life with Matt laminated multi-Colour Soft Cover HARDCOVER EDITION IS ALSO AVAILABLE Printed on high quality Paper re-sized as per Current standards professionally processed without changing its contents. As these are old books we processed each page manually and make them readable but in some cases some pages which are blur or missing or black spots. We expect that you will understand our compulsion in these books. We found this book important for the readers who want to know more about our old treasure so we brought it back to the shelves. Any type of Customisation is possible with extra charges. Hope you will like it and give your comments and suggestions. Volume 3 paperback‎

书商的参考编号 : PB1111005889793

‎Grotius Hugo Whewell William‎

‎De jure belli et pacis libri tres Volume 2 1853 Hardcover‎

‎2020. Hardcover. New. Lang: - lat Vol: - Volume 2 Pages 478. Reprinted in 2020 with the help of original edition published long back 1853. This book is printed in black & white Hardcover sewing binding for longer life with Matt laminated multi-Colour Dust Cover Printed on high quality Paper re-sized as per Current standards professionally processed without changing its contents. As these are old books we processed each page manually and make them readable but in some cases some pages which are blur or missing or black spots. We expect that you will understand our compulsion in these books. We found this book important for the readers who want to know more about our old treasure so we brought it back to the shelves. Any type of Customisation is possible with extra charges. Hope you will like it and give your comments and suggestions. Volume 2 hardcover‎

书商的参考编号 : 1111005880164

‎Grotius Hugo; Gronov Gronow Johannes‎

‎De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres: In Quibus Jus Naturae & Gentium.‎

‎1712. Amsterdam 1712. Amsterdam 1712. Handsome Copy of Gronov's Important Edition of Grotius Grotius Hugo 1583-1645. Gronov Gronow Johannes Editor. De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres: In Quibus Jus Naturae & Gentium Item Juris Publici Praecipua Explicantur: Cum Annotatis Auctoris Ex Postrema Ejus Ante Obitum Cura: Accesserunt Ejusdem Dissertatio de Mari Libero & Libellus Singularis de Aequitate Indulgentia & Facilitate: Nec non Joann. Frid. Gronovii v.c. Notae in Totum Opus De Jure Belli ac Pacis. Amsterdam: Apud Janssonio-Waesbergios 1712. xiv xxxiv 946 94 pp. Copperplate allegorical frontispiece copperplate portrait of Grotius. Octavo 7-1/2" x 4-1/2". Contemporary calf rebacked in period style blind rules to boards blind fillets along joints raised bands and lettering piece to spine gilt tooling to board edges hinges mended. Light rubbing to boards corners bumped and lightly worn hinges mended. Light toning to text somewhat heavier in places light foxing to a few leaves corner lacking from corner of leaf Bb2 pp. 387-188 with no loss to text. An attractive copy. $750. Later Gronov edition. With side-notes and index. Of all his numerous works De Jure Belli ac Pacis will always be considered Grotius' magnum opus the work upon which his reputation most solidly rests. "The distinction between religion and law or morality is not clearly made but Grotius' principle of an immutable law which God can no more alter than a mathematical axiom was the first expression of the droit naturel the natural law which exercised the great political theorists of the eighteenth century and is the foundation of modern international law" Carter and Muir. The first Gronov edition one of the most important editions of Grotius was published in 1663. This copy includes Mare Liberum or Freedom of the Seas 1609 Grotius's influential treatise on maritime law and the right of free navigation. Carter and Muir Printing and the Mind of Man 125. Ter Muelen and Diermanse Bibliographie des Ecrits Imprimes de Hugo Grotius 596. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 66421

‎Grotius Hugo‎

‎de Jure Belli AC Pacis Libri Tres 1646‎

‎Kessinger Publishing LLC 2009-06-13. Paperback. LikeNew. 9.0000 inches 5.9000 inches. Kessinger Publishing, LLC paperback‎

书商的参考编号 : mon0001260335 ???????? : 1104642638 9781104642631

‎Grotius Hugo. with 2d title by Robert Fruin‎

‎De Jure Praedae Commentarius with An Unpublished Work of Hugo Grotius‎

‎2015. ISBN-13: 9781616191108. ISBN-10: 1616191104. ISBN-13: 9781616191108. ISBN-10: 1616191104. Grotius Hugo. De Jure Praedae Commentarius. Ex Auctoris Codice Descripsit et Vulgavit Hendrik Gerard Hamaker. Originally published: The Hague: Apud Martinum Nijhoff 1868. xvi 359 pp. Latin text. With Fruin Robert J. An Unpublished Work of Hugo Grotius's. In Bibliotheca Visseriana: Dissertationum Ius Internationale Illustrantium edited by Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden. Originally published: Leiden: E.J Brill 1925. 74 pp. Reprinted 2003 2015 by The Lawbook Exchange Ltd. ISBN-13: 9781616191108. ISBN-10: 16161691104. Paperback. New. $24.95 Reprint of the first edition. Written between 1604 and 1605 De Jure Praedae On the Law of Prize which remained in manuscript until 1868 is the earliest significant legal work by Hugo Grotius 1583-1645. His discussion of prize is not restricted to issues of legality; he seeks to determine also whether the capture of enemy material is honorable or expedient. He pursues these issues through an elegant argument based on natural law. Remarkable for its intellectual finesse and literary quality De Jure Praedae is equally significant as the source of two of his most important writings. Mare Liberum 1609 is based on one of its chapters. It also contains an early version of De Jure Belli ac Pacis 1625. In this regard the book offers a valuable introduction to the issues explored in these later works. Appended to this reprint is Robert J. Fruin's valuable essay An Unpublished Work of Hugo Grotius's. Written in 1868 and later republished in English in 1925 it remains the principal study of this work. Hugo Grotius 1583-1645 a pre-eminent contributor to international legal doctrine was an influential Dutch jurist philosopher and theologian. His other works include De Jure Belli ac Pacis On the Law of War and Peace 1625 one of the great treatises on international law and Mare Liberum The Freedom of the Seas 1609 a compelling plea for free trade among nations. unknown‎

书商的参考编号 : 63273 ???????? : 1616191104 9781616191108