‎Chemistry‎

‎"WÖHLER, F. et J. LIEBIG. - THE DISCOVERY OF ""EMULSIN"" A MAIN WORK IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur la Formation de l'Huile d'Amandes amères. (+) Emploi d'un nouveau Médicament en place des Waux distillées du Laurier-Cerise ou d'Amandes amères, proposé par.. F. Woehler et J. Liebig.‎

‎Paris, Crochard et Comp., 1837. Orig. printed wrappers. No backstrip. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 64, Cahier 2 (Fevrier 1837). Pp. 113-224. (Entire issue offered with printed wrappers.). Wöhler a. Liebig's papers: pp. 185-209 a. pp. 209-217.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper in organic chemistry in which Wöhler and Liebig showed how Amygdalin could be decomposed by a vegetable emulsion, the first example of a glycoside. The papers were issued at the same time in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"".""The conclusions which you have drawn from the investigation of bitter-almond oil,"" wrote Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler, ""are certainly the most importent which have so far been reached in the domain of vegetable chemistry, and give promise of shedding an unexpected light over this part of the science...The facts which you have set forth inspire such reflections that they may be regarded as the dawn of a new day in vegetable chemistry.""(Berzelius-Wöhler Briefwechsel).""During the years that Liebig was preoccupied with the ether theory and with organic acids, he also carried out two importent investigations with Wöhler. In october 1836 Wöhler wrote that he had discovered a way to transform amygdalin to oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanid acis, by distilling it with manganese and sulfuric acid, and he invited Liebig to join in pursuing the topic. Two days later he made a more remarkable discovery. It had occurred to him that perhaps thetransformation of amygdalin could be effected by the albumin in the almonds, in a manner similar to the action of yeast in sugar...Wöhler suspected that the decomposition was an example of what Berzelius had recently defined as catalysis. Liebig and Wöhler then divided up the detailed examination of the properties and composition of amygdalin. They precipitated from the emulsion of almonds a substance which when dissolved retain its action. They named the active substance ""emulsion"". Its effectiveness in very small quantities confirmed that it acted like yeast.""(DSB VIII, p. 342).‎

Bookseller reference : 48086

‎"PASTEUR, (LOUIS). - THE SEPARATION OF LEFT- AND RIGHT HANDED FORMS IN SOLUTIONS.‎

‎Note relative au Penicillium glaucum et à la dissymétrie‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1860. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 51, No 8. Pp. (273-) 307. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 298-299.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which the optical chemical acticity in fermentation could be explained as an activity of a living organism.""He showed in 1860 that a specific mold, penicillium glaucum, selectively metabolized the right-handed form in a solution of ammonium paratartrate containing a little phosphate. Later qualified, modified, and generalized by others, Pasteur’s new method become applicable to the separation of leftand right-handed forms in a number of compounds.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 48139

‎"HASSENFRATZ, (JEAN-HENRI). - THE LAGRANGE-HASSENFRATZ THEORY OF RESPIRATION.‎

‎Mémoire sur la combinaison de l'oxigene avec le carbone & l'hydrogène du sang, sur la dissolution de l'oxigène dans le sang, & sur la maniere dont le calorique se dégage.‎

‎Paris, 1791. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Spine a bit rubbed. Wear to top of spine. A dampstain to lower right corners on the first 15 leaves of the volume. Stamps to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 9. 355 pp. a. 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Hassenfratz's paper: pp. 261-274.‎

‎First printing of a classic paper in physiology.""Hassenfratz, a pupil of Lagrange, maintained that the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen took place in the blood, and not in the lungs as taught by others.""(Garrison & Morton: 926).‎

Bookseller reference : 48147

‎"PROUST, (JOSEPH LOUIS).‎

‎Faits pour servir à la l'Histoire des Prussiates. (+) Suite pour servir... (+) Faits pour l'histoire du cobalt et du nickel.‎

‎Paris, Chez Bernard, 1806. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Wear to top of spine.Slightly rubbed. Stamp to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 60. 336 pp., 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Proust's papers: pp. 185-224, 225-252, 260-279.‎

‎Also with papers by Vaguelin, Parmentier, humphrey Davy (transl. into French), Riffault etc.‎

Bookseller reference : 48190

‎"MITSCHERLICH, EILHARD. - THE LAW OF ISOMORPHISM ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Sur la Relation qui existe entre la forme cristalline et les proportions chimiques. IIe Memoire sur les Arséniates et les Phsophates. (Traduit, par l'Auteur lui-même, des Mèmoires de l'Academie royale des Sciences de Stockholm, pour l'an 1821, tome I.).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Volume 19, Cahier 4. Titlepage to vol. 19. Pp. 337-442 a. 2 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Mitscherlich's paper: pp. 350-419. 2 large folded engraved plates (crystalforms). A few minor brownspots.‎

‎First French edition - in the authors own form and translation - of Mitcherlich's announcment of his discovery of Isomorphism, stating that similar crystalline form reflect analogous chemical formulae, which Berzelius used in fixing the formulas of compounds. Mitcherlich was at this time an assistent to Berzelius, and the first printing of this classical paper appeared the same year in Akad. Handl., Stockholm. The paper was soon afterward printed in French (the paper offered) and English, and Berzelius discussed it in his ""Jahresbericht"", so that the work quickly became known. - Leicester & Klickstein pp. 306-08.""The statement of the law of isomorphism...marks Mitscherlich's most importent contribution to chemistry - indeed, Berzelius considered Mitscherlich's discovery to be the most significant since that of chemical proportions. Berzelius himself found Mitscherlich's work to be of great use"" he was at that time concerned with the determination of the atomic weights of the elements amd the law of isomorphism provided him with a valuable tool....Berzeluius' task was simplified by the application of Mitscherlich's law...""(DSB IX, p. 424).‎

Bookseller reference : 48230

‎"LUNIN, N.‎

‎Ueber die Bedeutung der anorganischen Salze für die Ernährung des Thiers. [In Hoppe-Seyler Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie, V. Band, 1. Heft, 1881]. - [THE STARTING-POINT OF MODERN RESEARCH ON VITAMINS]‎

‎Strassburg, Trübner, 1881. 8vo. Entire volume (V. Band), bound in a nice contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Stamps to title-page and old crossed-out numberings. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. (31) - 56. [Entire volume: (4), 436 pp. + 2 plates).‎

‎Scarce first edition of this milestone paper on vitamin research, which constitutes ""the starting-point of modern research on vitamins"" (G&M), being the first documentation of the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins. In spite of its groundbreaking character, Lunin's discovery passed almost unnoticed and his foundational conclusions did not convey further investigation until years later. ""In 1880 Lunin showed that a synthetic milk diet inhibited the growth of animals. Little attention was paid to this discovery."" (PMM 404). It was not until Hopkin's 1912 milestone paper (""Feeding Experiments..."") that the scientific explanation of Lunin's observations was produced.""It is now generally agreed that the first clear evidence, based upon experiment, for the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins came from the school of Bunge at Basel. In 1881 Lunin, one of the workers in that school, fed mice upon an artificial mixture of the separate constituents of milk: of all the constituents, that is, which were then known, namely the proteins, fats carbohydrates, and salts. He found that upon such a mixture the animals failed to survive and was led to conclude that ""a natural food such as milk must therefore contain besides these known principal ingredients small quantities of unknown substances essential to life"". Such a statement, already half a century old, when allowed to stand out clear and apart from a context which tended to bury it, seems to contain the essentials of what is believed today."" (Hopkins, p. 213). ""Working in Bunge's laboratory, Lunin prepared synthetic milk diets and showed that they lacked an unknown factor necessary for animal growth, and that animals cannot live on a chemically pure (i.e. vitamin-free) diet. This was the starting-point of modern research on vitamins."" (Garrison & Morton). Garrison & Morton: 1042.See:Sir F.G. Hopkins: The Earlier History of Vitamin Research. In: Nobel Lectures. Physiology or Medicine. 1922-1941. Nobel Foundation, 1999.‎

Bookseller reference : 48584

‎"SMOLUCHOWSKI, MARIAN.‎

‎Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym oraz innych zjawisk pokrewnych. - [AUTHOR'S PRESENTATION INSCRIPTION]‎

‎Krakowie, Nakladem Akademii Umiejetnosci, 1908. 8vo. Unopened, uncut in the original printed wrappers. With authors inscription.‎

‎Offprint with author's presentation inscription to front wrapper of the first Polish publication of Smoluchowski's important paper on the reasons behind the blue sky and how to reproduce it. ""In 1910 Theodor Svedberg based his experiments on Smoluchowski's calculations, observing how many particles of a suspension can be seen in the field of vision of a microscope at a given time and experimentally confirming Smoluchowski's predictions to an astonishingly high degree Smoluchowski himself had previously proved the existence of fluctuations of density in a pure gas by demonstrating that they are responsible for the known but unexplained phenomenon of the opalescence of a gas at a critical state. His paper ""Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym"" (""kinetic Theory of Gas Opalescence at the Critical Stale"" 1907) shows why the critical point plays such an important role and states that the opalescence of pure gas also should be observable under normal conditions: ""Each of us has observed it innumerable times when admiring the blue of the sky or the glow of the rising sun."" Smoluchowski combined the theory of fluctuations with the results of Lord Rayleigh's researches on the blue of the sky"" his finding (Einstein also took part in the discussion) was that the blueness of the sky was caused by fluctuations in the density of the air. Smoiuchowski's laboratory production of sky blue closed the investigation to a certain extent."" (DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 48709

‎"DAVY, HUMPHRY. - INTRODUCING SCIENTIFIC FARMING.‎

‎Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, in the Course of Lectures for the Board of Agriculture.‎

‎London, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1813. 4to. Contemp. full mottled calf, richly gilt spine. Engraved frontispiece. VIII,323,LXIII,(5) pp. and 9 engraved plates (1 folding). Faint offsetting from plates. A few brownspots. Upper ineer corner of the last 2 leaves with a bit of browning. Wide-margined, a fine copy.‎

‎First edition of this importent work which is considered the first text book dealing with the application of chemistry to agriculture. It is the ""first serious attempt to apply chemistry to agriculture (which) remained a standard work until displaced by Justus Liebig's publications a generation later"" (DSB).""An importent book that introduced the era of scientific farming and the use of ""chemically balanced"" fertilizers.... Davy, the first to use the term 'agricultural chemistry', was also the first to point out that agricultural chemistry is concerned with only a limited number of elements. The most complete list of elements that had yet appeared is given (pp. 39-44), including chlorine, which Davy had proven an element. Davy here recognizes the importence of soil analysis and the measurement of its physical properties. It was well received, and several English and American editions appeared, as well as translations in foreign languages."" (Roy G. Neville Historical Chemical Library Vol. I, pp. 333-334).Duveen, pp. 644-45.‎

Bookseller reference : 48746

‎"SOBRERO, ASCAGNE. - THE DISCOVERY OF NITROGLYCERIN.‎

‎Sur plusieur composés détonants produits avec l'acide nitrique et le sucre, la dextrine, la lactine, la mannite et la glycérine.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier),1847. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XXIV, No. 7. Pp. (209-) 252. (Entire issue offered). Sobrero's paper: pp. 247-248. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Sobrero announced his discovery of nitroglycerin.""When I think of all the victims killed during nitroglycerine explosions, and the terrible havoc that has been wreaked, which in all probability will continue to occur in the future, I am almost ashamed to admit to be its discoverer."" (Sobrero)""Nitroglycerin was synthesized by the chemist Ascagne Sobrero in the middle of the nineteenth century. When he tasted it, as all good nineteenth century chemists did when they discovered a new compound, it gave him what he called a migraine, because of its vasodilatory effect, which was later harnessed in the treatment of angina by William Murrell (1879), following the experience of a distinguished British clinician, Lauder Brunton, using amyl nitrite (1867) Later in the nineteenth century, Alfred Nobel discovered how to stabilize nitroglycerin, using kieselguhr (diatomite) clay"" this led to highly successful industrial applications of dynamite and created the fortune that eventually funded the eponymous prizes. For medical purposes nitroglycerin was subsequently renamed glyceryl trinitrate, to hide the fact that it was literally dynamite as well as metaphorically.""‎

Bookseller reference : 48815

‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON. - UNITING CHEMISTRY WITH QUANTUM MECHANICS.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 44. VIII,903 pp. (Entire volume offered). Heitler & London's paper: pp. 455-472. A stamp to titlepage. Clean.‎

‎First appearance of grounbreaking paper which was the first to explain the nature of the chemical bound using wave mechanics and thus explaining the forces active when atoms exchange electrons and creating molecules.""In June, Heitler and London published their famous paper on the hydrogen molecule in which they showed the existence of a new kind of saturable, nondynamic forces, the so-called ""exchange forces"" of attraction or repulsion between like particles, and developed a schematic theory of the homopolar valence which eventually BROUGHT THE WHOLE OF CHEMISTRY UNDER THE SOVEREIGNTY OF QUANTUM MECHANICS. These results not only lent weight to the concept of like particles, they also showed that like particles may be indistinguishable, that is, may lose their identity, a conclusion which follows from the uncertainty relations or, more precisely, from the impossibility of keeping track of the individual particles in case of interactions of like particles. (Jammer in ""The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanic"", pp. 343 ff.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1927 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 48881

‎"WÖHLER, F. und J. LIEBIG. - PIONEER WORK IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Recherches sur la Nature de l'Acide Urique.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1838. Contemp. hcalf. Raised bands, spine gilt. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 68. 448 pp. (entire volume offered). Wöhler & Liebig's paper: pp. 225-336. Clean and fine. small stamps to verso of titlepage.‎

‎First French edition of this importent paper in the development of organic chemistry. It is the last joint paper of importence from ""these two men, ...pioneers in the development of organic chemistry, form a twin constellation in the chemical firmament""(Alexander Findley in ""A Hundred Years of Chemistry"", p. 23). The paper is a translation of ""Untersuchungen über die Natur der Harnsäure"", published at the same time in Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (1838), Wöhler and Liebig collaborated on one more major piece of work, a study of uric acid. (The paper offered). Wöhler suggested the subject, and the idea seems to have come from his medical interests. Uric acid was not easily obtainable–snake excrement was the only substantial source–and relationships with urea and allantoin were suspected by Wöhler. As a student he had won a prize in 1828 for an essay on the conversion in the human body of chemicals taken orally and excreted in urine. The technique adopted by Liebig and Wöhler was to subject uric acid, ad the derivatives they prepared, to oxidation and reduction by reagents of different concentrations and strengths. Wöhler seems to have been the first to heat reagents together in sealed glass tubes, but after an explosion he thought metal ones safer.Their 100-page paper described fourteen new compounds and their preparation and analysis.7 An attempt to establish a new radical called ""uril"" (C8N4O4) was less successful. Perhaps even more significant than the sophisticated, practical and theoretical organic chemistry was the new spirit revealed. Writing to Berzelius in 1828, Wöhler was doubtful whether animal substances could be prepared in the laboratory. In 1832 he began the paper on the benzoyl radical with a description of organic chemistry as ""the dark region of organic nature."" But in 1838 his work with Liebig led him to write (at Liebig’s suggestion): ""The philosophy of chemistry will conclude from this work that it must be held not only as probable but [as] certain that all organic substances, insofar as they no longer belong to the organism, will be prepared in the laboratory. Sugar, salicin, morphine will be produced artificially. It is true that the route to these and products is not yet clear to us, because the intermediaries from which these materials develop are still unknown, but we shall learn to know them.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 48918

‎"HEITLER W. (+) F. LONDON.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik. - [UNITING CHEMISTRY WITH QUANTUM MECHANICS]‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 44. (Entire volume offered). Stamp to title page otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 455-472. [Entire volume: VIII,903 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of this grounbreaking paper which was the first to explain the nature of the chemical bound using wave mechanics and thus explaining the forces active when atoms exchange electrons and create molecules.""In June, Heitler and London published their famous paper on the hydrogen molecule in which they showed the existence of a new kind of saturable, nondynamic forces, the so-called ""exchange forces"" of attraction or repulsion between like particles, and developed a schematic theory of the homopolar valence which eventually BROUGHT THE WHOLE OF CHEMISTRY UNDER THE SOVEREIGNTY OF QUANTUM MECHANICS. These results not only lent weight to the concept of like particles, they also showed that like particles may be indistinguishable, that is, may lose their identity, a conclusion which follows from the uncertainty relations or, more precisely, from the impossibility of keeping track of the individual particles in case of interactions of like particles. (Jammer, ""The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanic"", pp. 343 ff.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1927 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 48980

‎"VAN'T HOFF, J.H. - FOUNDING STEREOCHEMISTRY.‎

‎Die Lagerung der Atome in Raume. Nach des verfassers Broschüre ""La chimie dans l'espace"" deutsch bearbeitet von F. Herrmann. Nebst einem Vorwort von Johannes Wislicenus. Mit in dem text eingedruckten Holzstichen. (1877). (+) Die Lagerung der Atom...‎

‎Braunschweig, Vieweg und Sohn, 1877 u. 1894. Leipzig und Wien, Franz Deuticke, 1892. 8vo. Bound in one well-preserved contemp. hcloth with gilt lettering to spine. X,(2),53 pp. + XII,147 pp. + VIII,128 pp. Halftitle and titlepage to the first work with some brownspots in upper right corners. A few scattered brownspots and a few underlinings, otherwise internally fine and clean. From the library of Hans Rupe (with his exlibris on inside frontcover). Rupe became extraordinary professor for organic chemistry at the University of Basel. In 1912 , he was promoted to ordinary professor for organic chemistry.‎

‎First German edition (in the adaptation of Wislicenus) of van't Hoff's epoch making work ""La chimie dans l'espace"", published 1875 (a French expanded translation of his dissertation of 1874), and in which he established the fact that optically active substances contain at least one ""asymmetric"" carbon atom, that is, a carbon atom linked with four different kinds of atoms or radicals. Together here with the second, much expanded version and also WITH THE FIRST GERMAN EDITION OF OF ""Dix Années..."", which includes nearly three times as much material as the first edition (""La Chimie dans l'Espace""). ""His revolutionary ideas on the theory of the asymmetric carbon atom did not attract the attention of chemists, however, until Wislicenus asked van’t Hoff’s permission for a German translation by one of his pupils, Felix Herrmann.""(DSB).""In 1874, at the age of twenty-two, and with his Ph.D., as yet a few months in the future, he published a startling paper on the structure of organic compounds. Chemists had been puzzling for more than half a centurt over the fact that some organic compounds were optically active while others were not. As long ago as Biot there had been suggestion that this was due to some sort of assymetry, but the nature and location of that asymmetry remained a mystery. Pasteur had located the asymmetry in crystals, but that did not help with respect to the optical activity of subsatnces in soolution.Van't Hoff suggested that the symmetry exisyted in the molecules themselves. He drew four valences of the carbon atom (each represented as a short line or ""bond""), not two-dimensionally toward the four angles of a square, as Couper had done, but three-dimensionally toward the four angles of a tetrahedron. When the tetrahedral arrangement was considered, matters cleared up..."" (Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia..).Van't Hoff was the first to receive the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1901.Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1874 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 49034

‎"PASTEUR, L. (LOUIS).‎

‎Isomorphisme entre des corps isomères, les uns actifs, les autres inactifs sur la lumiere polarisée.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 42, No 26. Pp. (1229-) 1280. (Entire issue offerd). Pasteur's paper: pp. 1259-1264. A small paperhole in upper margin of p. 1259.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Pasteur announced his finding that the only legitimate exception to his law (law of optical activity and crystalline form) was one which he himself had discovered"" amyl alcohol which shared with a few other compounds the property of being optically active in the absence of crystalline asymmetry but which also displayed in its mode of crystallization unique features that convinced Pasteur that any ""hidden"" asymmetry could never be revealed.‎

Bookseller reference : 49067

‎"BIOT, JEAN BAPTISTE. - BIOT'S LAW OF ROTATORY DISPERSION ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Extrait d'un Mémoire sur les Rotations que certaines substances impriment aux axes de polarisation des rayons lumineux.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1818. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 2me Series - Tome 9, Cahier 4. Pp. 337-444. (Entire issue offered). Biot's paper: pp. 372-396.‎

‎In a paper read to the Academy on 22 September 1818, Biot was able to announce what has become known as Biot’s law of rotatory dispersion. Knowing the specific rotation of a compound, BIOT's law determines the concentration of a solution of that compound. This law is additive, that is to say that the rotatory power of a mixture is the sum of the optical rotations of compounds that constitute the mixture.‎

Bookseller reference : 49071

‎"MITSCHERLICH, EILHARD. - THE LAW OF ISOMORPHISM ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Sur la Relation qui existe entre la forme cristalline et les proportions chimiques. IIe Memoire sur les Arséniates et les Phsophates. (Traduit, par l'Auteur lui-même, des Mèmoires de l'Academie royale des Sciences de Stockholm, pour l'an 1821, tome I.).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. Contemp. full cloth. Gilt lettering to spine. Light wear to top of spine. A stamp to verso of titlepage. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Volume 19. 448 pp. a. 1 large folded plate. (Entire volume offered). Mitscherlich's paper: pp. 350-419. 1 large folded engraved plates. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First French edition - in the authors own form and translation - of Mitcherlich's announcment of his discovery of Isomorphism, stating that similar crystalline form reflect analogous chemical formulae, which Berzelius used in fixing the formulas of compounds. Mitcherlich was at this time an assistent to Berzelius, and the first printing of this classical paper appeared the same year in Akad. Handl., Stockholm. The paper was soon afterward printed in French (the paper offered) and English, and Berzelius discussed it in his ""Jahresbericht"", so that the work quickly became known. - Leicester & Klickstein pp. 306-08.""The statement of the law of isomorphism...marks Mitscherlich's most importent contribution to chemistry - indeed, Berzelius considered Mitscherlich's discovery to be the most significant since that of chemical proportions. Berzelius himself found Mitscherlich's work to be of great use"" he was at that time concerned with the determination of the atomic weights of the elements amd the law of isomorphism provided him with a valuable tool....Berzeluius' task was simplified by the application of Mitscherlich's law...""(DSB IX, p. 424).‎

Bookseller reference : 49079

‎"LIEBIG, JUSTUS.‎

‎Ueber die Verbindungen, welche durch die Einwirkung des Chlors auf Alkohol, Aether, ölbildendes Gas und Essiggeist entstehen.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1832. No wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 24, Zweites Stück. With titlepage to Bd. 24. Pp. (2),193-396. (Entire issue offered) Small stamps to verso of titlepage. Liebig's paper: pp. 243-295.‎

‎First apperance - published simultaneously in Annalen der Pharmacie - of Liebig's massive paper on the chlor-reactions and discovering Chloral hydrate, which was used as a sedative and hypnotic drug. He also described Chloroform independently of Soubeiran who had prepared it the year before.‎

Bookseller reference : 49109

‎"RAYLEIGH, LORD (J.W. STRUTT) and WILLIAM RAMSAY. - THE DISCOVERY OF ARGON.‎

‎Argon, a New Constituent of the Atmosphere. Received and Read January 31, 1895.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1895. 4to. Orig. full cloth. Gilt lettering to spine. Blindtooled covers. First corner a bit bumped. In ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 186 - I, Series A. XIV,(2),602,(4) pp. (Entire volume offered). The paper: p. 187-241 a. 8 textillustrations (apparatus). The title-page with faint brownspots. Otherwise internally clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of this importent paper in the history of chemistry, Lord Rayleigh's most famous discovery, announcing the discovery of this new gas, the first finding of one of the rare gases (inert gases) having unusual properties, and forming a distinct group in the periodic table, and all with zero valency.""The original paper in the ""Philosophical Transactions"" will undoubtly rank as a classic, the investigation having been a particularly brilliant ine."" (Ernst von Meyer in History of Chemistry). For this discovery Lord Rayleigh and W. Ramsay received the Nobel Prize (1904). The volume also contains WILLIAM CROOKES ""On the Spectra of Argon"", OSBORNE REYNOLD ""On the Dynamical Theory of Incompressible Viscous Fluids and the determination of the Criterion"", KARL PEARSON ""Contributions to the Mathematical Theory of Evolution. - II. Skew Variations in Homogenous Materials"" etc.After having made several measuring of the densities of gases, ""Rayleigh came across a curious puzzle. With oxygen, he always obtained the same density, regardless of how the oxygen might be produced, whether from one particular compound, from a second compound, or from the air. The situation was different with nitrogen. The nitrogen he obtained from air constantly showed a slightly higher density than the nitrogen he obtained from any of various compounds. Rayleigh could think of several ways in which the nitrogen obtained from air might be contaminated but none of the possibilities checked out experimentally. He was so frustrated that he went so far as to write to the journal ""Nature"" asking for suggestions. Ramsay, a brilliant Scottish chemist, asked permission to tackle the problem and received it. The upshot was that a new gas, somewhat denser that nitrogen, was discovered to exist in the atmosphere. It was named argon and it was the first of a series of rare gases of unusual properties whose existence had never been suspected.""(Asimow).Dibner, Heralds of Science No. 50 - Neville, Historical Chemical Library vol. II, p.358.‎

Bookseller reference : 49207

‎"BERZELIUS - THE DISCOVERY OF THORIUM.‎

‎Untersuchung eines neuen Minerals und einer darin enthaltenen zuvor unbekannten Erde.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1829. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 16, Siebentes Stück. (2) + pp., 1 folded engraved plate. Entire issue offered with titlepage to volume 16. Berzelius's paper: pp. 387-415. Clean and fine.‎

‎First German printing - printed simultaneously with the English and Swedish version - of the paper in which Berzelius described his discovery of Thorium, the first element after Uranium to be identified as such. In 1829, Jöns Jakob Berzelius of the Royal Karolinska Institute, Stockholm extracted thorium from a rock specimen sent to him by an amateur mineralogist who had discovered it near Brevig and realised that it had not previously been reported. The mineral turned out to be thorium silicate, and it is now known as thorite. Berzelius even produced a sample of metallic thorium by heating thorium fluoride with potassium, and confirmed it as a new metal. He called the black mineral thorite, in honor of the Scandinavian god Thor.Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1829 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 49248

‎"LAURENT, AUGUSTE. - THE NUCLEUS THEORY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.‎

‎Analyse du Spodumène de l'Arriège et de la Wichtyne. (+) Sur de nouveaux Chlorures et Bromures d'Hydrogéne carboné. (+) Sur la Nitronaphtalase, la Nitronaphtalèse et la Naphtalase. (+) Sur le Benzoyle et la Benzimide.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1835. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, tome 59. 446,(2) pp. (Entire volume offered). Some scattered brownspots. Laurent's papers: pp. 107-111, 196-220,376-397 a. 397-422.‎

‎First printing of these importent papers in the history of organic chemistry explaining the differences to Dumas' law of substitutions, and introducing a ""new type"" and what he calls ""fundamental and derived radicals"". The introduction of the ""Nucleus Theory"" was the basis for the unitary theory formulated by Gerhardt.""While studying the reactions of naphthalene and its compounds with the halogens and nitric acid, Laurent was from the start characteristically concerned with the construction of an explanatory theory that would account for these phenomena. Like most creative scientists, he generalized his solution to a specific problem through the imaginative use of analogy, leading to the elaboration of the first comprehensive theory adequate for dealing with the whole domain of contemporaneous organic chemistry."" (DSB).""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 49330

‎"NIEPCE DE SAINT-VICTOR. - PIONEERING COLOR-PHOTOGRAPHY.‎

‎Extrait d'un Mémoire sur une relation existent entre la couleur de certaines flammes colorées et les images héliographiques colorées par la lumière. (+) Supplement au Mémoir déposé à l'Academie le 24 mars 1851‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1851. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Some scratches to spine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 32. - 512 pp. a. 2 folded plate. (The entire volume offered). Niepce de Saint-Victor's paper: pp. 373-381 a. 381-383. Some brownspots.‎

‎First printing of this paper in which he described his invention of the so-called ""HELIOCROMS"", a pioneer paper in the development of colour-photography. Niepce de Saint Victor discovered there was a connection between the color that chloride salt produced in a flame with the color light produced on a chloride salt-treated plate. Heliochrome was the name of this process, which enabled Mr. Niepce de Saint Victor to produce copies of color engravings and landscapes. He did not produce daguerreotypes, and soon learned that the images he produced using the heliochrome process were not fixed and began turning gray with increased light exposure. Applying transparent coatings did not prove effective, and therefore Mr. Niepce de Saint Victor soon abandoned this unfeasible method. However, his experiments with heliochrome did lead to the successful daguerreotype color process developed by a New York Baptist minister named Levi L. Hill (1816-1865).‎

Bookseller reference : 49337

‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - THE FOUNDATION OF COLLOID CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Liquid Diffusion applied to Analysis.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1861, Vol. 151 - Part I. Pp. 183-224, textillustrations.‎

‎First printing of a groundbreaking paper in biochemistry and physiology, as Graham here introduced the distinction between colloidal and crystalloid substances by his method of separating animal and other fluids.""Although some isolated investigations on colloids had been carried out before Graham, his publications in this field laid the foundations of colloid chemistry. In ""On the Diffusion of Liquids,"" Graham applied to liquids the exact method of inquiry he had applied to gases twenty years before, and he succeeded in placing the subject of liquid diffusion on about the same footing as that to which he had raised the subject of gaseous diffusion prior to the discovery of his numerical law. He showed that the rate of diffusion was approximately proportional to the concentration of the original solution, increased with rise in temperature, and was almost constant for groups of chemically similar salts at equal absolute (not molecular) concentrations and different with different groups.""(DSB).Garrison & Morton: 688.‎

Bookseller reference : 49415

‎"ARAGO, FRANCOIS - LOUIS DAGUERRE. - THE DAGUERREOTYPE.‎

‎Le Daguerréotype. (Seance du Lundi 19 Aout 1839). (+ Daguerre:) Des procédés photogéniques comme moyens de gravure - Lettre de M. Daguerre à M. Arago. (Séance du Lundi 20 Septembre 1839).‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1839. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome IX, No. 8 a. 14. Pp. (249-) 282 a. pp. (417-) 436. Arago's rapport: Pp. 250-267 - Daguerre's letter: pp. 423-429. Both issues clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of the first official and complete report of the invention of the ""daguerreotype"", the photographic process invented by Louis Daguerre. The presentation by Arago preceeded Daguerre's own publication ""Historique de description des procédés du daguerreotype et du diorama"", (1839). Together with Daguerre's letter to Arago in which he relates the process of heliography and describes his contract with Niépce to exploit the heliogrphis process. The Heliogravure was invented by Niépce‎

Bookseller reference : 49477

‎"MENDELÉEFF, D. (MENDELÉEV, MENDELEYEV, MENDELÉEFF). - THE DECISIVE CONFIRMATION OF MENDELEEV'S PERIODIC TABLE OFTHE ELEMENTS.‎

‎Remarque à propos de la découverte du gallium.‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1875. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 81, No 21. Pp. (909-) 992. With titlepage to vol. 81. Mendelejeff's paper: pp. 969-972. Titlepage lightly browned and with a punched stamp in lower margin. Otherwise clean and fine.‎

‎First apperance of this importent paper which established that Gallium is identical with Eka-aluminum (the missing element between Aluminum and Indium) in Mendelejeff's periodic table. The properties of the new element corresponded well with those predicted. A bitter contorversy was raised between the discoverer of Gallium, Lecog de Boisbaudran and Mendelejeff. ""The discovery of the three elements predicted by Mendeleev was, however, of decisive importance in the acceptance of his law. In 1875 Lecoq de Boisbaudran, knowing nothing of Mendeleev’s work, discovered by spectroscopic methods a new metal, which he named gallium. Both in the nature of its discovery and in a number of its properties gallium coincided with Mendeleev’s prediction for eka-aluminum, but its specific weight at first seemed to be less than predicted. Hearing of the discovery, Mendeleev sent to France ""Zametka po povodu otkrytia gallia"" (the paper offered) (""Note on the Occasion of the Discovery of Gallium""), in which he insisted that gallium was in fact his eka-aluminum. Although Lecoq de Boisbaudran objected to this interpretation, he made a second determination of the specific weight of gallium and confirmed that such was indeed the case. From that moment the periodic law was no longer a mere hypothesis, and the scientific world was astounded to note that Mendeleev, the theorist, had seen the properties of a new element more clearly than the chemist who had empirically discovered it. From this time, too, Mendeleev’s work came to be more widely known""(DSB).Parkinson Breakthroughs"" 1875 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 49528

‎"WÖHLER, FRIEDRICH - THE PREPATORY WORK OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Bildung der Cyansäure auf neuem Wege, und fernere Untersuchungen über die Cyansäure und deren Salze.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1823. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine and with gilt lettering. Some scratches to spine. In: ""Annalen der Physik und der Physikalischen Chemie. Hrsg. Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 13 (= Bd. 73 der Reihe). (12),444 pp., 1 folded table and 5 engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of titlepages. Internally clean and fine. Wöhler's paper: pp. 157-172.‎

‎First printing of Wöhler's importent paper in which he in reality for the first time synthezised an organic substance, leading to his historic preparation of ""artificial"" urea in 1828 ""Ueber künstliche Bildung des Harnstoffs"". This broke down the old distinction between organic and inorganic substances. ""This was the first synthesis of an organic compound, and this accomplishment is generally regarded as the beginning of organic chemistry.""(Sparrow ""Milestones of Science"", p.37, the 1828 paper).""In his published paper (the 1828 paper) Wöhler referred to his work of 1823 (the offered paper), in which he had shown that cyanogen and aqueous ammonia yielded oxalic acid and a white crystalline solid that he now realized was urea. This, and his new method, he considered to be remarkable examples of the preparation ""by art"" of a substance of animal origin from inorganic materials.""(DSB).The volume contains other notable papers BECQUEREL: ""Ueber die Electricitäts-Erregung durc Druck, nach versuchen des herrn becquerel"" ein bericht abgestatt.... von Biot. Frei übersetzt von Gilbert"", pp. 117-129. A pioneer paper on Piezoelectricity. SEEBECK ""Notiz von neuen electrisch-magnetischen Versuchen des Herrn Seebeck... mitgeteilt von Hrn Oersted."", pp. 430-32. Also papers by Heinr. Rose, Döbereiner, Lampadius, Sertürner etc. etc.‎

Bookseller reference : 49580