‎Physics‎

‎"BORN, MAX.‎

‎Die elektronentheoretische Begründung der Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper. [In ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik"" Elfter, 11, band, 1914].‎

‎Leipzig, Hirzel, 1915. 8vo. In contemporary red half cloth. In ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik"" Elfter band, 1914. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 301-307. [Entire issue: IV, 545 pp]. Wrappers withbound in the back.‎

‎"BORN, MAX.‎

‎Elektronentheorie des natürlichen optischen Drehungsvermögens isotroper und anisotroper Flüssigkeiten.‎

‎(Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1918). Without wrappers as extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 55, No.3, pp.(177)-246. Borns paper takes up the whole issue (No.3).‎

‎"BORN, MAX.‎

‎Zur Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgänge. (On the Quantum Mechanics of Collision). + Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgängee. (Quantum Mechanics of Collision). + Das Adiabatenprincip in der Quantenmechanik. (The Adiabatic Principle in Quantum Physics). In all... - [STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS]‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926-27. 8vo. Bound in one nice hcalf with gilt borders and gilt lettering to spine. All three papers published in ""Zeitschrift für Physik"". 1. Title-page for volume 37, pp. 863-67. - 2. Title-page for volume 38, pp.. 803-27. - 3. Title-page for volume 40, pp.167-192. Title-pages with stamp. Clean and fine.‎

‎"BORN, MAX.‎

‎Zur Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgänge. (On the Quantum Mechanics of Collision). + Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgängee. (Quantum Mechanics of Collision). + Das Adiabatenprincip in der Quantenmechanik. (The Adiabatic Principle in Quantum Physics). In all... - [STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS]‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926-27. 8vo. Bound in one nice hcalf with gilt borders and gilt lettering to spine. All three papers published in ""Zeitschrift für Physik"". 1. Title-page for volume 37, pp. 863-67. - 2. Title-page for volume 38, pp.. 803-27. - 3. Title-page for volume 40, pp.167-192. Title-pages with stamp. Clean and fine.‎

‎First editions of all three papers, which together constitute Born's main contributions to Quantum Mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1954. In his famous series of papers on wave mechanics Schrödinger stated his equation describing the behavior of the wave function. However, Schrödinger did not himself arrive at a proper physical interpretation of the wave function itself - this is due to Born. Just a few days after Schrödinger's fourth and final paper was published, Born successfully interpreted the wave function as probability amplitude. His relatively brief paper (the first offered here) was originally meant to be published in the weekly magazine ""Die Naturwissenschaften"" but due to lack of space in this journal it was forwarded to the 'Zeitschrift'. The next paper offered, with the same title, is an elaboration of the first. In the third paper Born used the adiabatic principle to further support his statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics.‎

Bookseller reference : 38674

‎"BORN, MAX.‎

‎Zur Wellenmechanik der Stossvorgänge.‎

‎Berlin, Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1927. 8vo. Full cloth, but spine gone. In: ""Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen aus dem Jahre 1926"". (4),286 pp. Born's paper: pp. 146-160. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎"BOSCOVICH (BOSCOVIC), ROGER JOSEPH (RUDJER J.). - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS AND THE RAINBOW.‎

‎Extrait d'une Lettre du P. Boscovich, Jésuite, Correspondant de l'Academie, écrite à M. de Mairan.‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1760). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome III. Pp. 321-325. A faint dampstain to inner margins.‎

‎"BOSE, [SATYENDRANATH].‎

‎Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese. - [THE BIRTH OF QUANTUM STATISTICS]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1924. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 26, 1924. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 178-81. [Entire volume: IV, 401 pp.].‎

‎"BOSE, [SATYENDRANATH].‎

‎Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese. - [THE BIRTH OF QUANTUM STATISTICS]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1924. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 26, 1924. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 178-81. [Entire volume: IV, 401 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Bose's seminal paper in which he succeeded in deriving the Planck blackbody radiation law without reference to classical electrodynamics. Einstein was extremely impressed by Bose's paper and translated it into German himself. Shortly after Einstein made a generalization of Bose's method which led to the first of two systems of quantum statistical mechanics, known as the Bose-Einstein statistics. Paul Dirac coined the term ""boson"" for particles that obey these statistics and later physics historian Abraham Dirac described it as a ""confused masterpiece"", (Pais, Inward Bound, P. 283). ""With their work Bose and Einstein established the field of quantum statistics one year before the appearance of quantum mechanics"" (Brandt, The Harvest of a Century, P. 139).""In July 1924 he sent a short manuscript entitled ""Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese"" to Albert Einstein for criticism and possible publication. Einstein himself translated the paper into German and had it published in the Zeitschrift für Physik later that year. He added a note that stated: ""In my opinion Boses derivation of the Planck formula signifies an important advance. The method used also yields the quantum theory of the ideal gas as I will work out in detail elsewhere."" (DSB).""2 July 1924. Satyendra Nath Bose introduces a new coarse-grained statistical counting procedure which leads to Planck's radioation law. [...] Bose's discovery of a new statistics for photons and Einstein's extension to material gases - including the phenomenon of BE condensation - were made well before anyone had ever heard of a Schroedinger wave function. Bose's derivation of Planck's law is a confused masterpiece. His reasoning is correct but, as he himself once said, he had no idea that it was novel. The Paper also contains the discovery of BE condensation, an effect without application at that time."" (Pais, Inward Bound, P. 283-4).The present volume contains the following papers of interest:Fermi: Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Quantenzustände.Hahn & Meitner: Über die Rollen der beta-strahlen beim Atomzerfall.Heisenberg: Über den Einfluss der Deformierbarkeit der Ionen auf optische und chemische Konstanten. II.Heisenberg: Über eine Abänderung der formalen Regeln der Quantentheorie beim Problem der anomalen Zeemaneffekte.Born: Über Quantenmechanik.‎

Bookseller reference : 49435

‎"BOSSUT, (CHARLES) & (G.) VIALLET - BRUNING, (CHARLES).‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Beste Construction der Deiche. Aus dem Französischen übersetzt von C.Kröncke. Mit sieben Kupfern. (And withbound) BRUNINGS Abhandlung über die Geschwindigkeit des Fliessende Wassers und von den Mitteln, dieselbe auf allen Tief...‎

‎Franckfurt am Mayn, Behrens-und Körnerischen Buchh., (both) 1798. 4to. Cont. hcalf. Back rubbed and worn, tears to hinge at upper part of back. Bossut & Viallet: (6),78 pp. and 7 large folded engraved plates. - Bruning: XVI,136 pp. and 1 large folded engraved plate. Name to last title in ink. Scattered brownspots. Bossut's work bound at end.‎

‎"BOTHE, W.‎

‎Eichmethoden für Emanationselektrometer (+) Über eine neue Sekundärstrahlung der Röntgenstrahlen.‎

‎[Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923]. 8vo. Extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel. 16. Band"". No backstrip. Pp. 266-279"" pp. 319-320.‎

‎First appearance of Bothe's early paper on the Compton effect which, together with his later paper (in Bd 32, Zeitschrift für Physik), awarded him the Nobel Prize in Physics ""for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith"".""Among the topics that Bothe studied in 1924 was the ejection of electrons by X rays, and it was in connection with this phenomenon that he and Geiger performed an important experiment. In an effort to reconcile the particulate and wavelike properties of radiation, Bohr, Kramers, and Slater in 1924 formulated a new quantum theory of radiation. According to their hypothesis, momentum and energy-are conserved only statistically in interactions between radiation and matter. Bothe and Geiger suggested that this could be tested experimentally by examining individual Compton collisions. Bothe introduced a modification into the Geiger counter that made it appropriate for use in coincidence experiments (a very novel procedure in 1924). Using two counters, they studied the coincidences between the scattered X ray and the recoiling electron. Correlating photons with electrons, Bothe and Geiger found a coincidence rate of one in eleven"" since the chance coincidence rate for the situation was 10?5, the experimental results contradicted the theoretical predictions and indicated small-scale conservation of energy and momentum."" (DSB)‎

Bookseller reference : 49495

‎"BOTHE, W.‎

‎Kernspektren einiger leichter atome.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1936. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 100, 1936. Entire volume offered. Library stamp to front free end paper and title page, light wear to extremities. Pp. 273-285. [Entire volume: VIII, 789 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Bothe's paper on the atom nucleus of lighter atoms.‎

Bookseller reference : 49699

‎"BOTHE, W.‎

‎Über eine neue Sekundärstrahlung der Röntgenstrahlen. II. Mitteilung.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" Bd. 20, 1923. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 237-255. [Entire volume: V, (1) 426 pp.].‎

‎"BOTHE, W.‎

‎Über eine neue Sekundärstrahlung der Röntgenstrahlen. II. Mitteilung.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" Bd. 20, 1923. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 237-255. [Entire volume: V, (1) 426 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Bothe's early paper on the Compton effect which, together with his later paper (in Bd 32, Zeitschrift für Physik), awarded him the Nobel Prize in Physics ""for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith"".""Among the topics that Bothe studied in 1924 was the ejection of electrons by X rays, and it was in connection with this phenomenon that he and Geiger performed an important experiment. In an effort to reconcile the particulate and wavelike properties of radiation, Bohr, Kramers, and Slater in 1924 formulated a new quantum theory of radiation. According to their hypothesis, momentum and energy-are conserved only statistically in interactions between radiation and matter. Bothe and Geiger suggested that this could be tested experimentally by examining individual Compton collisions. Bothe introduced a modification into the Geiger counter that made it appropriate for use in coincidence experiments (a very novel procedure in 1924). Using two counters, they studied the coincidences between the scattered X ray and the recoiling electron. Correlating photons with electrons, Bothe and Geiger found a coincidence rate of one in eleven"" since the chance coincidence rate for the situation was 10?5, the experimental results contradicted the theoretical predictions and indicated small-scale conservation of energy and momentum."" (DSB)‎

Bookseller reference : 49433

‎"BOTHE, W. (+) H. BECKER.‎

‎Künstliche Erregung von Kern-y-Strahlen. - [ANTICIPATING THE DISCOVERY OF THE NEUTRON]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1930. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 66, 1930. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 289-310. [Entire volume: VIII, 863 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Bothe and Becker's seminal paper in which they found that if the very energetic alpha particles emitted from polonium fell on certain light elements, an unusually penetrating radiation was produced. Two years later this led directly to Chadwick's discovery of the neutron. ""In 1930 Bothe and Becker detected a highly penetrative radiation from beryllium bombarded by alpha particles, and they assumed that it was gamma radiation. Bothe estimated the photon energy from the degree of absorption of the secondary electrons. When physicists studied this ""beryllium radiation,"" estimating its energy constituted a problem, for it varied greatly according to the substance used as absorber. Chadwick later suggested that the radiation was particulate and consisted of a new particle, the neutron.""‎

Bookseller reference : 49390

‎"BOUGUER, (PIERRE). - THE FIRST SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION TO SOUTH-AMERICA - NAMING EQUADOR.‎

‎Relation abrégée du Voyage fait au Perou par Messieurs de L'Academie Royale des Sciences, pour mesurer les Degrés du Méridien aux environs de l'Équateur, & en conclurre la Figure de la Terre. (2 Parts: 1. relation de notre voyage au Perou, & descri...‎

‎(Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1748). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1744."". Pp. 249-297 a. 1 folded engraved map (Triangles de la Meridiene de Quito).‎

‎First printing of Bouguer's first account of the famous French geodesic Mission to Perou in order to measure the lenght of the meridian arc at 3 degrees at the equator. The expedition set out in 1735. Bouguer, La Condamine, Godin and their colleagues measured arcs of the Earth’s curvature on the Equator from the plains near Quito to the southern city of Cuenca. These measurements enabled the first accurate determination of the size of the Earth, eventually leading to the establishment of the international metric system of measurement. The scientific results of the expedition were unambiguous: the Earth is indeed a spheroid flattened at the poles as was believed by Newton. It was this Geodesic Mission, led by Bouguer and La Condamine, that gave Ecuador its name when it acheived independence in 1830. The new Quiport airport is being built directly on top of the survey baseline that they laid out in 1736.The results of the expedition were published formally in 1749 as ""La figure de la Terre, déterminée par les observations de Messieurs De la Condamine el Bouguer""‎

Bookseller reference : 45799

‎"BOYLE, W. S. & G. E. SMITH.‎

‎Charge Coupled Semiconductor Devices. - [THE INVENTION OF THE DIGITAL - CAMERA - NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2009.]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1970. 8vo. Original full green cloth. Volume 49, 1970 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". Library stamp to front free end-paper. Minor bumping to extremities. A nice and clean copy. Pp. 587-593. [Entire volume: XLII, (2), 918, (1) pp.].‎

‎First edition of Boyle and Smith's seminal and exceedingly important paper on the CCD-chip, in which information could be stored as electrons in a semiconductor. The invention created the technical background for digital cameras which revolutionized astronomy. It's invention launched entirely new industries and markets and is widely used in devices as diverse as digital cameras, video cameras, bar code readers, security monitoring, medical endoscopy, modern astronomy, video conferencing, optical technology, and high capacity WDM transmission-systems have enabled pictures to travel around the world within seconds. ""In this paper we describe a new semiconductor device concept. Basically it consists of storing charge in potential wells created at the surface of a semiconductor and moving the charge (representing information) over the surface by moving the potential minima."" (From the introduction to the present article). Boyle and Smith imagined that it could be used as a device for storage of memory, an early hard disk, however, they soon discovered that as a memory device it was not very useful. By applying Einstein's photoelectric effect, they illuminated the chip, thereby creating electrons. They discovered it could be used as storing light-structures"" taking pictures. ""At the heart of all astronomical instruments is some form of detector to convert electromagnetic energy into an electrical signal. [...] the dominant detector in modern astronomy is the charged-coupled device (CCD)."" (McLean, Ian S. Electronic imaging in astronomy: detectors and instrumentation, 2008, p. 241).""The invention of the charged-coupled deviceby Boyle and Smith has had remarkable impact [...]. CCDs due to their speed and ruggedness together with adequate sensitivity and speed have replaced conventional TV Vidicon cameras [...]. As a result the technology of CCDs has advanced rapidly."" (Jha, Sudhanshu. Perspectives in optoelectronics, 1995, p. 351). In January 2006, Boyle and Smith were awarded the National Academy of Engineering Charles Stark Draper Prize, and in 2009 they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics, for their work on the CCD.‎

Bookseller reference : 43025

‎"BRAGG, W.H. - THE CORPUSCULAR NATURE OF X-RAYS AND GAMMA-RAYS.‎

‎The Consequences of the Corpuscular Hypothesis of the (gamma) and X-rays, and the Range of ß Rays.‎

‎(London, 1910). No wrappers. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"", (Sixth Series), September 1910. Pp. 385-544 a. 6 folded plates. (Entire Sept.-issue offered). Bragg's paper: pp. 385-416.‎

‎"BRANLY, ÉDOUARD. - THE INVENTION OF THE ""COHERER"" (RADIO-CONDUCTOR).‎

‎Variations de conductibilité sous diverses influences électriques.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1890. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 111, No 21. Pp. (767-) 810. (Entire issue offered). Branly's paper: pp. 785-787.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Branly announced his discovery that the electrical resistance of a granular metallic conductor could drop by several orders of magnitude when excited by the electromagnetic field emitted by an electrical spark, the so-called Branly-effect.The coherer was a key enabling technology for radio, and was the first device used to detect radio signals in practical spark gap transmitter wireless telegraphy. It became the basis for radio reception around 1900, and remained in widespread use for about ten years.‎

Bookseller reference : 48907

‎"BRANS, C. & R. H. DICKE.‎

‎Mach's Principle and a Relativistic Theory of Gravitation. - [THE BRANS-DICKE THEORY - THE FAMOUS CONTESTOR TO EINSTEIN'S GENERAL RELATIVITY]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1961. Lex8vo. Volume 124, November 1, No. 3, 1961 of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. Entire volume offered. In the original printed blue wrappers. Minor discolouring to wrappers, and bottom corner of front wrapper slightly bent. Previous owner's name to top right corner of front wrapper. Overall a very nice and clean copy. Pp. 925-939. [Entire issue: Pp. 637-964].‎

‎"BRAUN, FERDINAND. - THE DISCOVERY OF SEMICONDUCTOR RECTIFIER EFFECT.‎

‎Ueber die Stromleitung durch Schwefelmetalle.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1874. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands, gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Sechste Reihe Bd. 3, (= Poggendorff Bd. 153). X,636 pp., 4 plates. (Entire volume offered). Braun's paper: pp. 556-563.‎

‎"BREWSTER, DAVID - DISCOVERING A NEW PROPERTY OF HEAT BIREFRINGENCE IN GLASS‎

‎Results of some recent Experiences on the Properties impressed upon Light by the Action of Glass raised to different Temperatures, and cooled under different Circumstances. In a Letter to Joseph Banks. Read May 19, 1814.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1814). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 18154 - Part II. Pp. 436-439.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Brewster reveals his discovery of a new connection between light and heat: ""glass brought to a certain temperature forms two images, and polarises them in opposite manner, like all doubly refracting crystals, the one image being coincident with the other""(p. 437). Brewster was the discoverer of the law of polarization, of biaxal crystals, of optical mineralogy, and of double refraction by compression.Independently of Seebeck, in 1814 English physicist David Brewster started investigating birefringence in glass caused by inhomogeneous heating. He also investigated the effect of sudden cooling of heated glass and discovered that in broken glass birefringence vanishes. Brewster considered his discovery so important* that he hastily published a paper, in which he only verbally described the creation of birefringence in glass by heat.With 2 other notable papers by HENRY KATER ""An improved Method of dividing Astronomical Circles and other Instruments"", pp. 419-435a. 2 folded engraved plates. And JOHN W.F. HERSCHEL ""Consideration of various Points of Analysis"", pp. 440-468.‎

Bookseller reference : 45239

‎"BREWSTER, DAVID - FOUNDING OPTICAL MINERALOGY.‎

‎On some Properties of Light. Read January 28, 1813.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1813). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1813 - Part I. Pp. 101-109‎

‎First printing of Brewsters first paper in the Transactions in which he gives a preliminary result of his testing of the transmission of light through around 200 transparent substances. In a paper issued the next year (1814) he called the different phenomena that he observed here, Biaxal and Uniaxal.‎

Bookseller reference : 43004

‎"BREWSTER, DAVID - POLARIZATION BY PRESSURE AND HEAT.‎

‎On the effects of simple pressure in producing that species of crystallization which forms two oppositely polarized images, and exhibits the complementary colours by polarized light. Read January 19, 1815.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1815). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1815 - Part I. Pp. 60-64.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in optical mineralogy in which Brewster describes his discovery of the phenomena of double refraction caused by compression.During his investigations on the polarization of light, Brewster quite unexpectedly observed that heat and pressure could produce or change a doubly refracting structure in uncrystallized, crystallized, or organic bodies. Moreover, from the geometry of the interference patterns he deduced equations that permitted him to predict the shapes, numbers, and colors of patterns that would be produced by changes in configuration, temperature, pressure, and method of observation.Brewster was the discoverer of the law of polarization, of biaxal crystals, of optical mineralogy, and of double refraction by compression.‎

Bookseller reference : 45874

‎"BREWSTER, DAVID - POLARIZATION BY REFLEXION.‎

‎Experiments on the dipolarisation of light as exhibited by various mineral, animal, and vegetable bodies, with a reference of the phenomena to the general principles of polarisation. Read December 15, 1814.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1815). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1815 - Part I. Pp. 29-53 a. 1 engraved plate‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in the history of optics in which Brewster further investigates polarization phenomena, here describing the polarisation of light by reflexion. Brewster was the discoverer of the law of polarization, of biaxal crystals, of optical mineralogy, and of double refraction by compression.‎

Bookseller reference : 42800

‎"BREWSTER, DAVID.‎

‎Additional observations on the optical properties and structure of heated glass and unannealed glas drops. In a Letter addressed to Joseph Banks. Read November 10, 1814.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1813). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1815 - Part I. Pp. 1-8 a. 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in optics in which Brewster describes some of the experiments that lead him, in the next two years, to his discoveries of ""Brewster's Law"" and to his distinction between Biaxial and Uniaxial crystalline structures.‎

Bookseller reference : 44241