‎Physique‎

‎"FERMI, E. [ENRICO] & C. N. YANG [CHEN NING].‎

‎Are Mesons Elementary Particles? - [ARE MESONS ELEMENTARY PARTICLES?]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1949 Lex8vo. Volume 76, December 15, No. 12, 1949 of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. In the original printed blue wrappers. Minor browning to extremities and slight wear to spine. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 1739-1743. [Entire issue: Pp. 1739-1934, iii-xv].‎

‎"FEYNMAN, R. P. (+) N. BOHR (+) J. A. WHEELER (+) J. R. OPPENHEIMER (+) H. SNYDER.‎

‎Forces in molecules [Feynman] (+) The mechanism of nuclear fission [N. Bohr. & J. A. Wheeler] ""On continued gravitational contraction"" [J. R. Oppenheimer & H. Snyder]. - [FEYNMAN'S UNDERGRADUATE THESIS & THE FIRST THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION OF A SINGULARITY]‎

‎[Lancaster], American Institute of Physics, 1939. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary full red cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Entire volume of ""The Physical Review"", Volume 56, Second Series, July 1 - December 15, 1939. ""Development Department"" in small gilt lettering to lower part of spine. A very fine and clean copy. [Feynman:] Pp. 340-43. [Bohr & Wheeler:] Pp. 426-50. [Oppenheimer & Snyder:] Pp. 455-59. [Entire volume: X, 1264 pp.].‎

‎"FEYNMAN, RICHARD.‎

‎Relativistic Cut-Off for Quantum Electrodynamics [In: ""The Physical Review. Volume 74, No. 10.""]. - [FEYNMAN'S VERY FIRST PAPER ON QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS (QED)]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1948. Royal8vo. Royal8vo. In the original green printed wrappers. In ""The Physical Review"", Volume 74, Second Series, Number 10, November 10. With cloth back-strip. Wrappers bound 1 mm lower than book-block, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 1430-1438. [Entire volume: Pp. (1271)-1567].‎

‎"FINKELSTEIN, DAVID.‎

‎Past-Future Asymmetry of the Gravitational Field of a Point Particle. - [INTRODUCING THE EVENT-HORIZON AND INITIATED BLACK HOLE RESEARCH]‎

‎Lancaster PA, American Physical Society, 1958. Royal8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. In ""The Physical Review"", Volume 110, Second Series, Number 4, May 15. Previous owner's stamp to front wrapper, otherwise a very fine and clean copy. Pp. 965-967. [Entire issue: Pp. 793-997].‎

‎First printing of Finkelstein's landmark paper in which he identified the Schwarzschild surface as an event horizon, ""a perfect unidirectional membrane: causal influences can cross it in only one direction"". This did not strictly contradict Oppenheimer's results, but extended them to include the point of view of infalling observers. Finkelstein's solution extended the Schwarzschild solution for the future of observers falling into a black hole. This paper influenced Penrose and Landau and essentially triggered the black-hole research.""Many prominent doubting physicists were reluctant to accept the concept of a black hole, in large measurement because of the anomaly that the implosion of a star cannot be observed. Yet a particle inexorably falls into the center at r = 0 just as time marches on - because in general relativity time and space exchange roles inside a black hole (which has the making of another paradox). One solution, or at least reconciliation, of the observational black hole paradox was achieved only in the last decades. David Finkelstein (in the present paper) ascertained a new reference frame of framework for Schwarzschild space-time. Finkelstein's reference frame simultaneously covered all regions of space-time from the imploding star to distant reaches of space. This all-embracing reference frame is now called the Eddington-Finkelstein frame"" (Kreitler, Trends in Black Hole research, P. 6).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48939

‎"FIZEAU, ARMAND HIPPOLYTE & JEAN BERNARD LÉON FOUCAULT. - CONFIRMING THE WAVE THEORY OF LIGHT.‎

‎Sur les phénomène des interférences entre deux rayons de lumiere dans le cas de grandes differences de marche. (+) Sur les phénomène des interférences entre deux rayons de lumiere dans le cas de grandes differences de marche, et sur la polarisation ch...‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, Imprimerie de Bachelier, 1849-50. No wrappers. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3me Series - Tome XXVI a. XXX., Juin 1849 a. Octobre 1850. (The entire issues offered). Titlepages to vol. 26 a. 30. Pp. 129-256 a. pp. 129-256. Fizeau & Foucault's paper: pp. 138-148 a. pp. 146-159, 2 folded engraved plates. Some scattred brownspots.‎

‎"FLEMING, (JOHN AMBROSE). - THE ""FLEMING-VALVE""‎

‎""On the Conversion of Electric Oscillations into Continous Currents by means of a Vacuum Valve."" (And by the same author:) ""An Instrument for the Measurement of the Lenght of Long Electric Waves, and also Small Inductances and Capacities."" - [INTRODUCING THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MODERN WIRELESS VALVE (PMM 396)]‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1905. Bound in recent marbled boards. Both papers extracted from ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"", vol. 74, With title-page to volume 74. Pp. 476-487 and pp. 488-498.‎

‎First printing of these two seminal articles, in which the basic principle of the modern wireless valve, also called the ""Fleming Valve"", is introduced for the first time, making radio-telephony and broadcasting possible. ""The immense superiority of the Fleming thermionic valve to all previous detectors of wireless waves caused it to be widely used as an efficient and reliable detector."" (PMM). When Lee DeForest perfected the ""grid"" in 1907, Fleming's wireless signals could be amplified to the degree necessary to make radio-telephony and broadcasting possible. The Edison effect was first described in a paper by William Henry Preece, who was shown an experiment by Edison ""On a peculier of Glow-Lamps when raised to high Incasdence"", 1885. This effect was known as the ""Edison effect"", and in 1890 Fleming, an electrical engineer who had worked with Edison Company in London and was now professor at University College, began a careful study of this phenomenon in carbon filament lamps. In 1904 he was able to demonstrate that this occurred not only with electric waves but also with wireless waves. He thus introduced the basic principle of the modern wireless valve, which permits only unilateral conductivity. (see PMM No. 396).Shiers, Early Television. A Bibliographical Guide to 1940, no. 323 (for the first article here present)"" the article has been reprinted in George Shiers, ed. !The Telephone: An Historical Anthology"", 1977. PMM no. 396 (for the first article here present).‎

书商的参考编号 : 39122

‎"FLETCHER, HARVEY & W. A. MUNSON.‎

‎Loudness, its Definition, Measurement and Calculation. - [FIRST PUBLICATION OF FLETCHER-MUNSON CURVES.]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1933. Royal8vo. Original full blue cloth. Volume XI!, 1933 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". Library stamp to front free end-paper. Minor bumping to extremities. A nice and clean copy. Pp. 377-430. [Entire volume: 7, (1), 537 pp.].‎

‎First edition of Fletcher and Munson's important paper in which they proved that loudness not only varies in intensity but also in frequency. Fletcher is today widely regarded as the father of stereophonic sound.‎

书商的参考编号 : 43024

‎"FLEMING, (JOHN AMBROSE).‎

‎On the Conversion of Electric Oscillations into Continous Currents by means of a Vacuum Valve. (+) An Instrument for the Measurement of the Lenght of Long Electric Waves, and also Small Inductances and Capacities. - [THE ""FLEMING-VALVE""]‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1905. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. In ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"", vol. 74, No. 505. With new paper back-strip (presumably after having been extracted from a binding). Ex-libris (""Alan. A. C. Swinton"") pasted on to verso of title-page. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 476-487" " pp. 488-498. [Entire volume: Pp. (2), 447-518].‎

‎"FLETCHER, H. (+) J. C. STEINBERG.‎

‎Articulation Testing Methods. - [ARTICULATION TESTING]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1929. 8vo. Volume VII, October, No. 4, 1929 of ""The Bell System Technical Journal"". In the original printed bluish grey wrappers. A bit of sunning to extremities and a pencil-marking to top of front wrapper. Internally clean. Pp. 806-54.[Entire issue: Pp. 613-861.]‎

‎"FLINDERS, MATTHEW. - SURVEYING THE COAST OF NEW HOLLAND.‎

‎Concerning the Differences in the Magnetic Needle, on Board the Investigator, arising from an Alteration in the Direction of the Ship's Head. Read March 28, 1805.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1805. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1805. With titlepage to Phil. Transactions Part I. Pp. 186-197. Having also the titlepage to the volume (Part II, 1805). A few scattered brownspots and very faint browning to outer margins, otherwise fine and wide-margined. A small stamp to verso of titlepage.‎

‎"FOCK, V. [VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH FOK].‎

‎Konfigurationsraum und Zweite Quantelung. - [FOCK SPACE]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1932. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 75, 1932. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 622-647. [Entire volume: VIII, 850 pp + frontiespiece].‎

‎First appearance of Fock's seminal paper in which he introduced his algebraic construction used in quantum mechanics to construct the quantum states space of a variable or unknown number of identical particles from a single particle Hilbert space, often referred to as Fock space. Technically, the Fock space is (the Hilbert space completion of) the direct sum of the symmetric or antisymmetric tensors in the tensor powers of a single-particle Hilbert space H.""Between 1928 and 1934, Fok obtained important results in the quantum field theory. He completed the mathematical method of secondary quantization proposed by Paul A.M. Dirac and developed by Pascual Jordan and Eugene Wigner. It has been shown that this method does not go beyond the traditional framework of quantum mechanics (as Jordan argued) and that the two ways of description are completely equivalent. As early as 1934 Fok suggested describing a system with a variable number of particles (bosons) in the representations of the secondary quantization with the aid of a generating functional (""Fok’s functional"").In his papers Fok introduced a number of new notions. such as ""the Fok space"" (a Hilbert space in the representation of secondary quantization). In papers written with Dirac and Boris Podolsky (1932), Dirac’s results on interaction of charged particles by the exchange of virtual photons were extended. The one-dimensional problem solved by Dirac was generalized to the realistic three-dimensional case: the multitime formalism of Dirac, Podolsky, and Fok was introduced"" and quantum electrodynamics was formulated in its modern form."" (DSB).‎

书商的参考编号 : 49085

‎"FOUCAULT, (JEAN BERNARD LEON) - THE FOUCAULT PENDULUM FIRST GERMAN EDITION.‎

‎Physikalischer Beweis von der Axendrehung der Erde mittelst des Pendels. (Compt. rend. T. XXXII p. 135).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1851 Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", 82. Bd., 3. issue (""Heft"" No 3, 1851). Entire issue offered. Pp. 337-464. Foucault's paper: pp. 458-462. With titlepage to volume 82.‎

‎First German edition of the famous paper in which Foucault presented his discovery of the proof of the rotation of the earth by the large pendulum, called FOUCAULT'S PENDULUM. It was presented by Arago at the meeting of the Acadey of Scieces on February 3, 1851.Since Léon Foucault’s public demonstration of his pendulum experiment, it has played a prominent role in physics, physics education, and the history of science. The Foucault pendulum is a long pendulum suspended high above the ground and carefully set into planar motion. The phenomenon described by Foucault1 concerns the orientation of the plane of oscillation of the pendulum. ""The experiment (with the pendulum) caused great exitement at the time. Heracleides had first suggested twenty-two centuries before that the earth was rotating and Copernicus had renewed the suggestion three centuries before. Since the time of Galileo two and a half centuries before, the world of scholarship had not doubted the matter. Nevertheless, all evidence as to that rotation had been indirect, and not until Foucault's experiment could the earth's rotation actually be said to have been demonstrated rather that deduced."" (DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1851 E.‎

书商的参考编号 : 45070

‎"FOCK, V. [VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH FOK].‎

‎Konfigurationsraum und Zweite Quantelung. - [FOCK SPACE]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1932. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 75, 1932. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 622-647. [Entire volume: VIII, 850 pp + frontiespiece].‎

‎"FORBES, JAMES D.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On the Transparency of the Atmosphere and the Law of Extinction of the Solar Rays in passing through it.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E., Taylor, 1842.). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1842 - Part II. Pp. 225-273 a. 9 folded engraved plates. Rextfigs.‎

‎"FOUCAULT, (JEAN BERNARD LEON) - EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FOR THE WAVE-THEORY OF LIGHT.‎

‎Sur les Vitesses relatives de la Lumière dans L'Air et dans L'Eau.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1854. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3me Series - Tome 41. With titlepage to Tome 41. Pp. 120-164 and 1 large folded engraved plate showing the experimental apparatus. Some foxing throughout.‎

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH).‎

‎Théorie analytique de la Chaleur. - [THE CONDUCTION OF HEAT]‎

‎Paris, Firmin-Didot, 1822. 4to. Contemporary half calf with gilt spine. Old paper label to top of spine. Two old stamps to foot of title-page and old inscription to top of title-page. Half-title browned, otherwise just a bit of mild scattered brownspotting. A mild damp stain to lower blank margin of ab. 20 leaves, far from affecting text. A nice copy. Plates with light brownspotting. (4), XII, 639 pp. + 2 plates.‎

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - FIRST PRINTING OF ANY PART OF ""THE ANALYTICAL THEORY OF HEAT""‎

‎Théorie de la chaleur. (Extrait).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1816. Contemp. hcloth. Spine with gilt lettering. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."" Sweries 2, tome 3. (Entire volume offered). 448 pp. a. 3 engraved plates. A library stamp to some upper corners. Fourier's paper: pp. 350-375. A few scattered brownspots.‎

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - THE PHYSICAL THEORY OF HEAT.‎

‎Questions Sur la Théorie-Physique de la Chaleur rayonnante.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1817. Contemp. hcloth. Spine with gilt lettering. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" 2e Series, Tome 6. - 448,(4) pp. a. 2 engraved plates. (The entire volume offered). Fourier's paper: pp. 259-303. A few scattered brownspots.‎

‎"FOURIER, (JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH). - TOWARDS THE ANALYTICAL THEORY OF HEAT - FIRST GERMAN EDITION.‎

‎Zusammenstellung der Eigenschaften der strahlenden Wärme. (Résumé théorique des Propriétés de la chaleur rayonnante).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1824. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 2, Jahrgang 1824, Zwölftes Stück. Pp. 345-448 (entire issue offered). Fourier's paper: pp. 359-402.‎

‎"FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN.‎

‎A Letter from Mr. Franklin to Mr. Peter Collinson, F.R.S. concerning the Effects of Lightening. Philadelphia, June 20, 1751. Read Nov. 14, 1751. (+) A Letter of Benjamin Franklin, Esq: to Mr. Peter Collinson, F.R.S. concerning an electrical Kite. Phil... - [THE KITE-LETTER - RECORDING THE MOST FAMOUS ELECTRICAL EXPERIMENT]‎

‎London, C. Davis, 1753. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", vol. 47. Including title-page of volume. Title-page with repair to inner margin. Pp. 289-91"" pp. 565-70.‎

‎First appearance of both papers, one of them being the milestone paper in which Franklin describes his lightning experiment and proves what he had already conjectured, that lightening is an electrical discharge. Both of the present papers were to become part of his famous work ""Experiments and Observations on Electricity.."" assembled by his friend Peter Collinson, to whom the papers were addressed. The famous letter was also published in the ""Gentleman's Magazine"" for 1752.""Franklin was the first American scientist to achieve an international reputation, with his work on electricity...The most dramatic result of Franklin's researches was the proof that lightening is really an electrical phenomenon. Others had made such a suggestion before him - even Newton himself - but it was he who provided the experimental proof. In 1752 he flew a kite in a thunderstorm and attached a key to its string. From this he collected electrical charges in a Leiden jar and showed that atmospheric and frictional or machine-made electricity are the same. He went on to propose the fixing of iron rods at the top of buildings, masts of ships, etc., from which he conducted the electric charges they collected from lightening into the wet subsoil - the invention of the lightening conductor.""His reputation as a scientist was immediately established by the publication of the results of his researches in a series of letters addressed to Peter Collinson, a London merchant and naturalist, in 1751"" and the Experiments and Observations [ which collected all the Collinson letters not just those offered here ] remains the most important scientific book of eighteenth-century America."" (PMM 199).""Later, Franklin devised a second experiment to test the electrification of clouds (the first was the sentry-box experiment), one which has become more popularly known: the lightning kite. Franklin reported his experiments to Collison in a letter of October 1752 (the paper offered), written after Franklin had read ""in the public papers from Europe, of the success of the Philadelphia -Experiment for drawing the electric fire from clouds by means of pointed rods of iron erected on high buildings..."" Actually, Franklin appears to have flown his electrical kite prior to having learned of Dalibard's successful execution of the sentry-box experiment. The KITE LETTER, published in the ""Philosophical Transactions"", referred to the erection of lighetning rods on public buildings in Philadelphia. The lightening experiment caused Franklin's name to become known throughout Europe to the public at large and not merely to men of science. Joseph Priestly, in his ""History...of Electricity"", characterized the experimental discovery that the lightening discharge is an electrical phenomenon as ""THE GREATEST, PERHAPS, SINCE THE TIME OF NEWTON"".....the discoveries made in the summer of 1752 will make it memorable in the history of electricity,"" William Watson wrote in 1753. ""These have opened a new field to philosophers, and have given them room to hope, that what they have learned before in their museums, they may apply, with more propriety than they have hitherto could have done, in illustrating the nature and effects of thunder"" a phenomenon hitherto almost inaccessible to their inquiries.""(DSB V, pp. 134-35).The volume offered contains a series of other notable papers: T. Simpson (mathematics), Thomas Debenham (medicine), James Parsons (Phocae Marinae, the long-necked seal), W. Watson (the sex of flowers), Francis Blake (steem-engine), William Watson (An Account of Mr. Benjamin Franklin's Treatise, lately published, Experiments and Observations on Electricity...""pp. 202-211),Dunthorne (on comets), William Watson (""An Account of the Phaenomena of Electricity in vacuo"", pp. 362-376), J. Smeaton (Air-pump), Richard Brooke (surgery), Abbe Nollet (electricity from the clouds), W. Watson (electrical experiments in England upon Thunder-Clouds), etc. etc.‎

书商的参考编号 : 54545

‎"FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (+) BECCARIA.‎

‎Experiments in Electricity: In a Letter from Father Beccaria, Professor of Experimental Philosophy at Turin, to Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. (+) Remarks on the preceding Paper, by Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S‎

‎London, Lockyer Davis, 1773. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", vol. 51, part 2. Including title-page of volume. A fine copy. Pp. 513-530 + title-page and 1 folding plate.‎

‎First appearance of Beccaria's paper on various experiments in electricity.‎

书商的参考编号 : 54390

‎"FRAUNHOFER, JOSEPH.‎

‎Kurzer Bericht von den Resultanten neuerer Versuche über die Gesetze des Lichtes, und die Theorie derselben. - [SPECTROSCOPY AND THE FORMULATION OF THE GRATING EQUATION]‎

‎(Leipzig), 1823. Wrappers blank. Uncut. Extracted from ""Gilberts Annalen der Physik und der Physikalischen Chemie"", Bd. 74, Jahrg. 1823, Achtes Stück, pp. (337-) 378. First and last leaves a bit browned.‎

‎First edition of this importent paper where Fraunhofer analyzed diffration phenomena and interpretet them in terms of a wave theory of light, leading him to formulate the GRATING EQUATION. - ""In the paper in 1823, Fraunhofer revealed his continued invstigation of diffraction gratings. Using a diamont point, he could rule up to 3,200 lines per Parish inch. He continued his study of the effect of oblique reays, developed formulations based on the wave conception, and calculated a revised set of wavelenghts for the major spectral lines. Thus, his earlier observations of the dark lines in the solar spectrum enabled him to make the highly precise measurements of dispersions"" then his ude of the wave theory of light allowed him to derive, with suitable simplifications, the general formulation of the grating equation still in use today."" (Reese V. Jenkins in DSB).‎

书商的参考编号 : 39978

‎"FRESNEL, A. (AUGUSTIN). - THE ""SECOND MEMOIR"" OF 1827, FIRST ENGLISH EDITION.‎

‎Memoir on Double Refraction. (From the Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences d l'Institut de France, tome vii. 1827).‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1852. 8vo. Without wrappers. In: ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science... Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. V, Part XVIII. With titlepage to Vol. V. Pp. (151-) 352 (entire part offered). Fresnel's paper: pp. 238-333. Clean and fine. Titlepage with a small faint stamp.‎

‎First appearance in English of Fresnel's famous memoir - the memoir of 1827, his so-called second memoir - in which some of his groundbreaking discoveries concerning light is stated. He applies the concept of transverse waves to double refraction and representing the final construction, in the form of an equation of the fourth degree.In the paper Fresnel also explained the fact,that in some cases of quartz the rotation of polarization is from left to right and in other cases from right to left.. He proposed the term 'helical' to denote the property of rotating the plane of polarization, exhibited by such bodies as quartz. The term 'natural rotatory polarisation' is however, generally used.This memoir contains the first printing of three unpublished memoirs from 1821 and 1822 (Mémoire sur la double refraction.Extrait Read 26. Nov., 1821 - Supplement, presented 22 January 1822 - Second Supplement, presented April 1, 1822. - Explication de la réfraction dans le système des Ondes from ""Bulletin Soc. Philom."", 1821. See Jed. Z. Buchwald ""The Rise of the Wave Theory of Light"", pp. 461-63.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47019

‎"FRESNEL, AUGUSTIN.‎

‎Ueber die doppelte Strahlenbrechung.‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1831). In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 23, Elftes Stück. Pp. 305-560 (entire issue offered). With halftitlepae to vol. 23. Fresnel's paper: pp. 372-434 a. pp. 494-557 a. 1 folded engraved plate.‎

‎First German edition of Fresnel's importent ""Second mémoir sur la double réflexion"" (1827) in which he explains step by step his wave theory of light, culminating in the generation ofthe wave surface itself.""The major novelty of this ""second"" memoir was its firm foundation of the theory in mechanics, a foundation that had a considerable impact after about 1830.""(Buchwald ""The Rise of the Wave Thory of Light"", p. 286.‎

书商的参考编号 : 45068

‎"FRANCK, J. und G. HERTZ. - PROVING THE QUANTIZED MODEL OF THE BOHR ATOM AND PLANCK'S QUANTUM THEORY.‎

‎Über Zusammenstösse zwischen Elektronen und den Molekülen des Quecksilberdampfes und die Ionisierungsspannung desselben. (+) Über die Erregung der Quecksilberresonanzlinie 253,6 (u,u) durch Elektronenstösse.‎

‎Braunschweig, Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, 1914. Lex8vo. Contemp hcloth, gilt spine. Lower spine end a bit frayed, otherwise very fine. In: ""Verhandlungen der deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft im Jahre 1914"", 16. Jahrgang. IX,1072 pp. Franck & Hertz' papers: pp. 457-467 a. 512-517, textillustr. Fine and clean.‎

‎First apperance of the famous Franck-Hertz Experiment which is considered as a new and independent support, not only of Planck's quantum theory and Einstein's light-quantum hypothesis but also of Bohr's theory of the atom with stationary states of discrete energies.Franck and Hertz were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1925 for this work and Franck concluded his Nobel lecture with the words ""We know only to well that we owe the wide recognition that our work received to contact with the great concepts and ideas of M. Planck and in particular Niels Bohr.""""In their famous experiments, Franck and Hertz' showed that electrons could impart energy to a mercury atom only if they had a kinetic energy exceeding 4.9 ev., and that exactly this quantum of energy was taken up by the mercury atom, causing it to emit light of the resonance line Å 2537. It was the first direct proof of the quantized nature of the energy transfer and of the connection of the quantum DeltaE of energy with the frequency p = DeltaE/h of the light emitted as the result of the transfer. These experiments are rightly regarded as the first decisive proof of the reality of the quantized energy levels that had just been postulated by Niel’s Bohr..."" (DSB).See: Siegmund Brandt ""The Harevest of a Century. Discoveries of Modern Physics in 100 Episodes"", Episode 25, The Franck-Hartz Experiment (1914), pp. 102-104.The volume contains another importent paper ALBERT EINSTEIN ""Beiträge zur Quantentheorie"", pp. 820-828. First edition. ""In this paper.... two considerations are given which are interrelated by a common goal, inasmuch as it is attempted to derive two of the most importent achievementss of quantum theory, viz. Planck's radiation law and Nernst's third law of thermodynamics, in a new manner. The proofs do not involve Boltzmann's equation and are thus based enterely on macroscopic thermodynamics. They do introduce, however, the quantum hupothesis. (Einstein points out that the alleged 'proofs' which try to derive the theorem of Nernst from the mere fact that the heat capacity of all substances goes to zero at absolute zero temterature, are not genuine)."" (Cornelius Lanczos).Weil No 67.‎

书商的参考编号 : 48028