‎Physics‎

‎"GAUSS, C.F. (CARL FRIEDRICH). - ""HIS GREATEST WORK"" ?‎

‎Dioptrische Untersuchungen.‎

‎Göttingen, Dieterischen Buchhandlung, 1841. 4to. Uncut in orig. blank stiff blue wrappers. (2),34,(2- errata leaf) pp. Wide-margined. A few mild brownspots in margins. otherwise a clean and fine copy.‎

‎First edition of the peak of ""Gaussian dioptrics"", Gauss' greatest achievement in the field of optics, which has been called ""HIS GREATEST WORK"". He gives the data on the construction of the image when the principal points and foci of the system are given, and finally formulas for a simple lens of nonvanishing thickness are given.""In the same year he finished Dioptrische Untersuchungen (1841), in which he analyzed the path of light through a system of lenses and showed, among other things, that any system is equivalent to a properly chosen single lens. Although Gauss said that he had possessed the theory forty years before and considered it too elementary to publish, it has been labeled his greatest work by one of his scientific biographers (Clemens Schäfer. in Werke, XI, pt. 2, sec. 2, 189 ff.). In any case, it was his last significant scientific contribution."" (DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 50314

‎"GAUSS, C.F. - INTRODUCING ABSOLUTE UNITS IN MAGNETISM AND ELECTRICITY.‎

‎Mesure absolute de l'Intensité du Magnetisme terrestre.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1834). Without wrappers as extracted from: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Tome 57, 2e Series. Titlepage to vol. 57. Pp. 5-70. A few marginal brownspots.‎

‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH and WILHELM WEBER. - TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM.‎

‎Results of the Observations made by the Magnetic Association in the year 1836. (Being the first Annual Report of the Magnetic Association). The report having 6 papers: Introduction (Gauss) - Remmarks of the Arrangements of Nagnetical Observations, an...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1841). 8vo. No wrappers. In: ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science... Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. II, Part I. Pp. 1-140 and 10, mostly large folded lithographed plates. Gauss a. Weber's memoir: pp. 20-97 with 9 plates (The Magnetic Observatory, Göttingen, Plan of the arrangement of instruments, Drawings of the instruments used and Tables of Observation results). ""Much care has been taken to make the plates... faithful copies of the originals. It has been thought necessary to republish the plates"" (note at end of the memoir).‎

‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH UND WILHELM WEBER.‎

‎Resultate aus den Beobachtungen des Magnetischen Vereins im Jahre 1836. Mit 10 Steindrucktafeln.‎

‎Göttingen, Dieterischen Buchhandlung, 1837. 8vo. Original blue blank boards. Uncut. The first leaves a bit brownspotted. (2),103 pp., 11 tables a. 10 lithographed plates (also showing the magnetic observatory, its equipment and instruments).‎

‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE ""GAY-LUSSAC LAW"" OF EXPANDING GASES ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Recherches sur la dilatation des gaz et des vapeurs, lues à l'Institut National, le 11 pluvióse an 10.‎

‎Paris, Chez Fuchs, An X, (1802). Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Top of spine with wear. A few scratches to binding. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 43. 332,(4) pp., 2 engraved plates (the entire volume offered). Gay-Lussac's paper: pp. 137-175. The first 20 leaves a bit brownspotted, otherwise with a few marginal brownspots. 1 leaf (pp. 197-98) torn with loss of some letters. Gay-Lussac's paper fine and clean.‎

‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE ""GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW"" OF COMBINING VOLUMES.‎

‎Ueber die Verbindungen gasförmiger Körper eines mit dem andern. Frei übersetzt von Gilbert. (+) Ueber den salpetersauren Dampf und über das Salpetergas als eudiometrisches Mittel. Frei übersetzt von Gilbert. (2 papers).‎

‎Halle, Rengerschen Buchhandlung, 1810. Without wrappers as published in ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 36, Neuntes Stück. The entire issue offered (=Heft 9). Titlepage to vol. 36. Pp. 1-112. a. 2 engraved plates. Gay-Lussac's papers: pp. 6-36 a. pp. 37-51.‎

‎"GELL-MANN, MURRAY.‎

‎Symmetries of Baryons and Mesons. - [NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1969]‎

‎Lancaster, PA and New York, American Institute of Physics, 1962. Royal8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. In ""The Physical Review"", vol. 125, second series, Number 3, February 1, 1962. With previous owner's small stamp (Danish physicist C. Møller) to front wrapper. Light wear to extremities, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 1067-1084.‎

‎First publication of Gell-Mann's Nobel prize winning paper in which he classified the hadrons according to a system he called the 'Eightfold Way', and which ultimately led to the quark model of hadron composition.""Professor Gell-Mann. You have given fundamental contributions to our knowledge of mesons and baryons and their interactions. You have developed new algebraic methods which have led to a far-reaching classification of these particles according to their symmetry properties. The methods introduced by you are among the most powerful tools for further research in particle physics..."" (Nobel Prize Presentation Speech).""The second stage on the way to quarks was what Gell-Mann called the 'eightfold way'. Symmetries are an important feature of physics. They are properties observed when transformation are applied to physical systems. The mathematical theory of transformations is called group theory. In earlier episodes we already discussed features of angular momentum, spin, and isospin, which are described by a special unitary group called SU(2), without mentioning that term. In 1961, Gell-Mann combined isospin and strangeness to form a quantity which he called unitary spin and studied its properties under the group SU(3) of transformation. [Presented in the present paper]"" (The Harvest of A Century).‎

Bookseller reference : 49652

‎"GIACCONI, RICCARDO & HERBERT GURSKY & FRANK R. PAOLINI & BRUNO B. ROSSI.‎

‎Evidence for X Rays from Sources Outside the Solar System. - [THE DISCOVERY OF COSMIC X-RAY SOURCES.]‎

‎(New York), American physical Society, 1962. Lex8vo. Volume 9, No. 11, December 1, 1962 of ""Physical Review Letters"", In the original printed blue wrappers. A very nice and clean copy externally as well as internally, near mint. Pp. 439-443. [Entire issue: 439-477].‎

‎First printing of Giocconi's seminal paper in which the discovery of cosmic x-ray sources is presented for the first time, thereby documenting the first observation of an x-ray source outside the Solar System. The x-ray detector was launched on a rocket to look for x-ray emissions from the Moon" instead they found a bright source of soft x-rays in the constellation Scorpius. This source, now known as Scorpius X-1, is the brightest x-ray source in the sky after the Sun. It has since been identified as a neutron star in a binary-star system some 9,000 light years away.The discovery had immense consequences for cosmology, since Hoyle's Hot Universe continuous creation theory could not account for this emission. Riccardo Giacconi received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2002 for his discovery.‎

Bookseller reference : 43476

‎"GIAEVER, IVAR.‎

‎Energy Gap in Superconductors Measured by Electron Tunneling. - [NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1973]‎

‎(New York), American physical Society, 1960. Lex8vo. In the original printed blue wrappers. In ""Physical Review Letters"", Volume 5, No. 10, November 15, 1960. A very nice and clean copy externally as well as internally, near mint. Pp. 464-66. [Entire issue: 459-494].‎

‎"GIAEVER, IVAR.‎

‎Energy Gap in Superconductors Measured by Electron Tunneling. - [NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 1973]‎

‎(New York), American physical Society, 1960. Lex8vo. In the original printed blue wrappers. In ""Physical Review Letters"", Volume 5, No. 10, November 15, 1960. A very nice and clean copy externally as well as internally, near mint. Pp. 464-66. [Entire issue: 459-494].‎

‎First printing of Giaever's influential paper (the second paper publlished on the subject the same year) in which he demonstrated the existence of an energy gap in superconductors, one of the most important predictions of the BCS theory of superconductivity that had been developed in 1957 by Bardeen. Giaever was awarded the nobel prize in physics in 1973 for his ""discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in solids"".The present paper is regarded a contemporary classic within engineering and applied sciences.‎

Bookseller reference : 49374

‎"GIESEL, F. (FRIEDRICH OSKAR). - THE CONCENTRATION OF RADIUM AND POLONIUM.‎

‎Einiges über die Verhalten des radioactiven Baryts und über Polonium. (+) Ueber die Ablenkbarkeit der Becquerelstrahlen im magnetischen Felde. (2 Papers).‎

‎Leipzig, J.H. Barth, 1899. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Slightly rubbed. Light wear to spine ends. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 69. VIII,875 pp. and 8 plates. (Entire volume offered). Small stamp on title and verso of. Internally clean and fine. Giesel's papers: pp. 91-94 and pp. 834-836.‎

‎First edition of an early and importent paper in the study of radioactivity, explaining how to prepare radium compounds, and thus being the first to place preparations of pure radium bromide on the market.The second paper offered, contains the first proof that Becquerel rays could be deflected by a magnet.Giesel ""A past master at the art of extracting and preparing pure substances in phytochemistry, after the Curies’ 1898 discovery of polonium, he applied his craft to radiochemistry. By 1900 he had developed an improved method of fractional crystallization, producing a greater concentration of radium salts in a shorter time, by using bromide instead of chloride. One direct result of his highly influential efforts, by which pure radium bromide became commercially available for research, was the 1903 verification by William Ramsay and Frederick Soddy of the production of helium from radium. Giesel was the first to observe the decomposition of water by radium salts.""(DSB).When his close friends and nearby colleagues Julius Elster and Hans Geitel obtained inconclusive results regarding magnetic influence upon Becquerel rays, Giesel provided a key to these rays’ non-X-ray character by his decisive proof of their magnetic deflectability in October 1899.‎

Bookseller reference : 46000

‎"GILLET, V. (+) A. M. GREEN (+) E. A. SANDERSON.‎

‎Particle-hole Description of Lead 208.‎

‎[No place], 1964. 4to. Without wrappers [as issue]. Offprint from ""Physics Letters"", Volume 11, number 1, 1964. Very fine and clean. Pp. 44-46.‎

‎Offprint of Gillet, Green and Sanderson's preliminary paper on a calculation on the excited states of lead 208.‎

Bookseller reference : 51350

‎"GLAUBER, ROY J.‎

‎The Quantum Theory of Optical Coherence. - [DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTUM OPTICS]‎

‎Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1963. Lex8vo. Volume 130, 15 June, No. 6, of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. Entire volume offered in the original printed blue wrappers. Previous owner's stamp to front wrapper. Wear to spine and extremities. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 2529-38. [Entire issue: Pp. 2135-2622].‎

‎First publication of this seminal paper in which the first thorough development of the quantum theory of optical coherence was presented. The present paper led directly to Glauber being awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 2005 ""for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"". His theories are today widely used in the field of quantum optics.""After the discovery of the maser and the laser in the sixties new ideas for quantum effects of the radiation field were in the air. However, there was no theory for their observation. It was only in 1963 that Roy [Glauber] had developed the quantum theory of optical coherence [in the present paper]. Here the concept of coherence state plays a central role. Coherent states had been proposed for the first time by Erwin Schrödinger in order to show that a wavepacket needs not always to be bound to spread. The coherent state became the crucial tool for Roy's theory of optical coherence. In particular, he could show that for coherent fields all correlation functions factorize."" (Scully. Quantum theory of optical coherence. 2009. P. xv.).Glauber's work was essential for understanding and the further development of the laser.‎

Bookseller reference : 43832

‎"GODDARD, ROBERT H.‎

‎Liquid-Propellant Rocket Development (with 11 plates). - [THE WORLD'S FIRST LIQUID-FUELED ROCKET]‎

‎Washington, The Smithsonian Institution, 1936. 8vo. In recent red full cloth with gilt lettering to front board. Published as part of ""Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Volume 95, Number 3, Publication 3381"". A fine and clean copy. (2), 10 pp. + 11 photographic plates.‎

‎"GODDARD, ROBERT H.‎

‎Liquid-Propellant Rocket Development (with 11 plates). - [THE WORLD'S FIRST LIQUID-FUELED ROCKET]‎

‎Washington, The Smithsonian Institution, 1936. 8vo. In recent red full cloth with gilt lettering to front board. Published as part of ""Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Volume 95, Number 3, Publication 3381"". A fine and clean copy. (2), 10 pp. + 11 photographic plates.‎

‎First edition of Goddard's paper on liquid-fueled rocket development. Goddard is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket and is often referred to as the man who ushered in the Space Age (Pendray, Rocket Development). By temperament and training Goddard was not a team worker, yet he laid the foundation from which team workers could launch men to the moon"" (DSB). Goddard was secretive about his research and only published two papers"" ""A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes"" (1919) and the present. Goddard launched the first liquid-fuel rocket on 16 March 1926 near Auburn, Mass. The ten-foot rocket, nicknamed ""Nell"" reached an altitude of 41 feet, traveled a distance of 184 feet and landed 2.5 seconds after lift-off in a cabbage patch. ""Although his list of firsts in rocketry was distuguished, Goddard was eventually surpassed by teams of rocket research and development experts elsewhere, particularly in Germany."" (DSB).""Like the Russian hero Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and the German pioneer Hermann Oberth, Goddard worked out the theory of rocket propulsion independently [...] Having explored the mathematical practicality of rocketry since 1906 and the experimental workability of reaction engines in laboratory vacuum tests since 1912, Goddard began to accumulate ideas for probing beyond the Earth's stratosphere. His first two patents in 1914, for a liquid-fuel gun rocket and a multistage step rocket, let to some modest recognition and financial support from the Smithsonian Institution [...] With an eye toward patentability of demonstrated systems and with the aid of no more than a handful of technicians, Goddard achieved a series of workable liquid-fuel flights starting in 1926. Through the patronage of Charles A. Lindbergh, the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation, and the Carnegie and Smithsonian institutions, the Goddards and their small staff were able to move near Roswell, New Mexico. There, during most of the 1930s, Goddard demonstrated, despite many failures in his systematic static and flight tests, progressively more sophisticated experimental boosters and payloads, reaching speeds of 700 miles per hour and altitudes above 8000 feet in several test flights"" (DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 53754

‎"GOLDSTONE, JEFFREY (+) ABDUS SALAM (+) STEVEN WEINBERG.‎

‎Broken Symmetries. - [GOLDSTONE THEOREM - THE ANTICIPATION OF THE HIGGS BOSON]‎

‎Lancaster PA, American Physical Society, 1962. Royal8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. In ""The Physical Review"", Volume 127, Second Series, Number 3, August 1. Previous owner's stamp to front wrapper, otherwise a very fine and clean copy. Pp. 965-970. [Entire issue: Pp. 671-978].‎

‎"GRAY, FRANK & J. W. HORTON & R. C. MATHES.‎

‎The Production and Utilization of Television Signals. - [THE DEVELOPMENT OF TELEVISION.]‎

‎New York, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1927. 8vo. Original full green cloth. Volume VI, 1927 of The Bell System Technical Journal. Library stamp to front free end-paper and title page. Minor bumping to extremities. A nice and clean copy. Pp. 560-603. [Entire volume: (6), 754 pp.].‎

‎"GROSS, B.‎

‎Zur Absorption der Ultrastrahlung.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1933. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 83, 1933. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 214-221.. [Entire volume: VIII, 845 pp.].‎

‎"GROVE, WILLIAM ROBERT. - IONIZATION OF GASES - DISCOVERING STRIAE.‎

‎On the Electro-Chemical Polarity of Gases. Received January 7, - Read April 1, 1852.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1852). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1852 - Part I. Pp. 87-101 and 1 plate. The plate with a faint dampstain.‎

‎"GROVE, WILLIAM ROBERT. - THE FIRST FUELL CELL DESCRIBED BY THE ""FATHER OF THE FUELL CELL""‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition and the Decomposition of Water into its constituent Gases by Heat. Received September 3, - Read November 19, 1846. (+) Supplementary Paper on certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition, and t...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1847). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1847 - Part I. Pp. 1-16 a. pp. 17-21 and 1 lithographed plate‎

‎"GULLSTRAND, ALLVAR.‎

‎Das Optische Abbildungssystem. Mit 9 Textfiguren.‎

‎Stockholm, Almqvist & Wiksell, 1915. Large 4to. Uncut with orig. prited wrappers. (2),139 pp. Offprint from ""Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien Handlingar."", Bd. 55. No 1.‎

‎"GÜTTINGER, PAUL.‎

‎Das Verhalten von Atomen im magnetischen Drehfeld. - [FIRST DERIVATION OF THE HELLMANN-FEYNMAN FORMULAS]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1932. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 73, 1932. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, Extremities with light wear. Pp. 169-84. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 846 pp.].‎

‎"GÜTTINGER, PAUL.‎

‎Das Verhalten von Atomen im magnetischen Drehfeld. - [FIRST DERIVATION OF THE HELLMANN-FEYNMAN FORMULAS]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1932. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 73, 1932. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, Extremities with light wear. Pp. 169-84. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 846 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Paul Güttinger's important paper which constitute the first derivation of the Hellmann-Feynman formulas.In quantum mechanics, the Hellmann-Feynman theorem relates the derivative of the total energy with respect to a parameter, to the expectation value of the derivative of the Hamiltonian with respect to that same parameter. According to the theorem, once the spatial distribution of the electrons has been determined by solving the Schrödinger equation, all the forces in the system can be calculated using classical electrostatics.‎

Bookseller reference : 49210

‎"HAHN, O. (OTTO). - THE DISCOVERY OF RADIOTHORIUM.‎

‎Über ein neues, die Emanation des Thoriums gebendes radioaktives Element.‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, 1905. No wrappers. Issued in ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elekronik"", 2. Bd., Heft 3. Hahn's paper: pp. 233-264. Enntire issue: pp. 233-262 (= entire ""Heft 3""). Fine and clean.‎

‎"HAHN. O. & STRASSMANN, F.‎

‎Über den Nachweis und das Verhalten der bei der Bestrahlung des Urans mittels Neutronen entstehenden Erdalkalimetalle (+) Nachweis der Entstehung aktiver Bariumisotope aus Uran und Thorium durch Neutronenbestrahlung (+) Nachweis weiterer aktiver Bruch... - [DISCOVERY OF NUCLEAR FISSION]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1939. Royal8vo. Bound in later gray half cloth with marbled boards and gilt lettering to spine. In ""Naturwissenschaften"", Vol. 27, 1939. A very fine and clean copy.‎

‎First printing of these seminal papers which constitutes the first announcement of nuclear fission. The formulations in these papers are rather cautious and obviously the authors were not in possession of an explanation for the phenomena which they had observed.At this point Lise Meitner was no longer at the University of Berlin. Due to here jewish background she was forced to give up here position and she fled to Denmark. However" Hahn continued to communicate with here and reported his and Strassmann's results. Together with here nephew Otto Frisch she was able to give a physical explanation for the phenomena using the 'liquid drop model' of the atomic nuclear which had recently been developed by Niels Bohr. Meitner and Frisch submitted their paper to 'Nature' on the 16th January [3rd paper offered, the issue was published the 11th February 1939]. Hahn and Strassmann most probably came into possession of Meitner and Frisch's theory before its publication since they submitted another paper the 28th January [the 2nd paper offered, the issue was published the 10th February 1939] in which they restated there results in more detail and stated the phenomena of fission with clear certainty.‎

Bookseller reference : 47058