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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit der bisherigen Quantentheorie.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1941, 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 117, 1941. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 251-266. [Entire volume: VIII, 818 pp.].‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit der bisherigen Quantentheorie.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1941, 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 117, 1941. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 251-266. [Entire volume: VIII, 818 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's important paper in which ""succeded in sketching invariant procedures for establishing such a theory [n new relativistic invariant theory quantum theory in which the fundamental length laid down the limitations of present quantum theory in the same way as the constants c and h fixed the limitations fo classical physics] by developing a formalism of time displacement in the interaction picture (which later became standard in quantum mechanics)"". (March, Werner Heisenberg, and the search for a smallest length)Cassidy 1938b‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎The present situation in the theory of elementary particles. (In: Commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Niels Bohr's first papers on atomic constitution held in Copenhagen on 8-15 July, 1963. Session on elementary particles, on Wednesday, 10 Ju...‎

‎Copenhagen: Institute for Theoretical Physics, 1963. 4to. Cloth-backed printed wrappers. (2),79,(1) pp.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎The present situation in the theory of elementary particles. (In: Commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Niels Bohr's first papers on atomic constitution held in Copenhagen on 8-15 July, 1963. Session on elementary particles, on Wednesday, 10 Ju...‎

‎Copenhagen: Institute for Theoretical Physics, 1963. 4to. Cloth-backed printed wrappers. (2),79,(1) pp.‎

‎First edition of Heisenberg's paper. The volume also includes: Abraham Pais ""Invariance principles"" and Gian Carlo Wick ""Quantum field theories.""‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Zur Theorie der ""Schauer"" in der Höhenstrahlung (+) Zur Theorie der explosionsartigen Schauer in der kosmischen Strahlung. II. - [HEISENBERG'S ""EXPLOSION SHOWERS"" OF COSMIC RAYS]‎

‎Berling, Springer, 1936 & 1939. 8vo. In two contemporary halv cloth bindings. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 101, 1936 & 113, 1939. Entire volumes offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 513-538" " Pp. 673-702. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 790 pp.].‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Zur Theorie der ""Schauer"" in der Höhenstrahlung (+) Zur Theorie der explosionsartigen Schauer in der kosmischen Strahlung. II. - [HEISENBERG'S ""EXPLOSION SHOWERS"" OF COSMIC RAYS]‎

‎Berling, Springer, 1936 & 1939. 8vo. In two contemporary halv cloth bindings. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 101, 1936 & 113, 1939. Entire volumes offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 513-538"" Pp. 673-702. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 790 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Heisenberg's two famous papers on ""explosion showers"" of cosmic rays"" a subject he himself considered ""the frontier of a wholly new and revolutionary physics."" (DSB). ""It appears to me that Heisenberg's experiences with the Fermi theory made a deep and lasting impact on him, which changed the course of his thinking. The strong increase of cross sections with energy he had found led him to surmise that physics may have to be revised at short distances. Already in his 1936 paper [the present] we find references to 'the introduction of a universal length which perhaps must be connected with a new change a principle in the formalism, just as for example the introduction of the constant c led to a modification of prerelativistic physics"". Note also that 1936 was the last year Heisenberg worked on quantum electrodynamics."" (Pais, Inward Bound).""While engaged in this political fight, Heisenberg vigorously pursued his search for a consistent quantum field theory. His tenacious adherence to what he believed to be the beginning of a new quantum revolution is in part attributable to his concern for the vitality of German research. In 1935 Heisenberg's research began to focus on high-energy collisions of elementary particles in cosmic rays, the highest energy phenomena then known. Examining the Fermi (weak) interaction in early 1936, Heisenberg discovered a mathematical minimum length, about the size of elementary particles, that appeared to trigger the onset of ""explosion showers"" of cosmic rays. The minimum length, a notion that he had earlier considered in the context of quantum eletrodynamics, marked, he belived, the boundary of quantum mechanics and the frontier of a wholly new and revolutionary physics.Heisenberg's revolutionary notions were challenged soon afterward by the alternative quantum electrodynamics of ""cascade showers."" generated by Bremsstrahlung and pair production. A controversy ensued, mainly between Heisenberg and several American physicists, over the existence of explosion showers and over allegiances to the two types of theories and their implications for the future course of physics. Fermi's weak-field theory soon proved inapplicable to the problem, but in 1939 Heisenberg extended his notions to Yukawa's (strong) meson theory of nuclear forces, revitalizing the controversy into the war years. A universal minimum length remained a permanent feature of Heisenberg's physics. Although explosion showers later called ""multiple processes,"" were discovered after the war in cosmic-ray events, the invention of renormalization techniques and the experimental confirmation of quantum electrodynamics to the highest energies left Heisenberg's physics with only minority support."" (DSB)Cassidy 1936b, 1939a.‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus. Mit 1. Abbindung. - [THE HEISENBERG-MODEL.]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1928. 8vo. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" bd. 49. Entire volume offered. In contemporary half cloth with marbled boards. Library stamp to front free end-paper. A fine and clean copy. Pp. 619-636. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 896 pp.].‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", Bd. 39, pp. 499-518. With the titlepage to the whole volume.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1926. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 39. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 499-518. [Entire volume: IV, 948 pp].‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", Bd. 39, pp. 499-518. With the titlepage to the whole volume.‎

‎First edition of this importent paper in which Heisenberg - after inventing Quantum Mechanics the year before (1925) - investigates some of the fundamental aspects of the new theory. Heisenberg recognizes the invariance of the wave equation with respect to various transformations. ""It is clear that such invariance exists with respect to an interchange of the coordinates of identical particles, e.g. of two electrons in an atom of two nuclei of the same kind in a molecule. As a consequence, the wave function of a non-degenerate stationary state must either remain unchanged or may only change sign when the transformation is applied to it....Indeed, in this way Pauli's exclusion principle for electrons found a formulation in terms of wave mechanics.""(K. Kronik in Memorial Volume to Wolfgang Pauli).‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über die Spektra von Atomsystemen mit zwei Elektronen.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1926. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 39. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end paper. Fine and clean. Pp. 499-518. [Entire volume: IV, 948 pp].‎

‎First edition of this important paper in which Heisenberg - after inventing Quantum Mechanics the year before (1925) - investigates some of the fundamental aspects of the new theory. Heisenberg recognizes the invariance of the wave equation with respect to various transformations. ""It is clear that such invariance exists with respect to an interchange of the coordinates of identical particles, e.g. of two electrons in an atom of two nuclei of the same kind in a molecule. As a consequence, the wave function of a non-degenerate stationary state must either remain unchanged or may only change sign when the transformation is applied to it....Indeed, in this way Pauli's exclusion principle for electrons found a formulation in terms of wave mechanics.""(K. Kronik in Memorial Volume to Wolfgang Pauli).Cassidy 1926e‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [OFFPRINT PRESENTATION COPY OF HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth), 1924. 8vo. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik"" IV. Folge, Bd. 74, 1924. With the author's presentation inscription to upper right corner of first leaf: ""Hrn. Dr. Faxeén mit / best. Empfehl. d. verf."". Stapled spine with rust slightly affecting surrounding paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. (1), 578-627.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1924. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", band 74, 1924, entire volume offered. Stamp to verso of title-page and hindges loose, otherwise fine. [Heisenberg's paper:] Pp. 577-627. [Entire volume:] VII, (1), 760 pp. + 3 plates.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [OFFPRINT PRESENTATION COPY OF HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth), 1924. 8vo. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik"" IV. Folge, Bd. 74, 1924. With the author's presentation inscription to upper right corner of first leaf: ""Hrn. Dr. Faxeén mit / best. Empfehl. d. verf."". Stapled spine with rust slightly affecting surrounding paper. A very fine and clean copy. Pp. (1), 578-627.‎

‎First edition in the exceedingly rare offprint - with a most attractive presentation-inscription from Heisenberg to Swedish Hilding Faxén, an important contributor to the field - of Heisenberg's doctoral dissertation on the stability and turbulence of fluid flow, which ""involved an approximate solution of the complicated equations governing the onset of hydrodynamic turbulence""(David C. Cassidy). It is widely regarded as being ""the most important early paper devoted to this subject"". (Yaglom, Hydrodynamics Instability and Transition to Turbulence).Hilding Faxén (1892 - 1970), Swedish physicist, received his doctorate in 1921 at Uppsala University with his thesis on ""the influence of the container walls on the resistance against movement by a small ball in a viscous fluid"". He formulated several basic equations mainly in hydrodynamics"" the Faxén integral, the Faxén laws, the Faxén theorems and the Faxén-Waller theory.Heisenberg and Faxén most likely met at the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen (Directed by Niels Bohr) where Heisenberg, From 17 September 1924 to 1 May 1925, studied under an International Education Board Rockefeller Foundation fellowship. Despite Sommerfeld's positive evaluation of Heisenberg's thesis - ""In the handling of the present problem, Heisenberg shows once again his extraordinary abilities: complete command of the mathematical apparatus and daring physical insight"" (Arnold Sommerfeld, evaluation of the thesis, 1923) -, the oral presentation did not go as Heisenberg could have hoped for:""Acceptance of the dissertation brought admission of the candidate to the final orals, where in this case trouble began. The examining committee consisted of Sommerfeld and Wien, along with representatives in Heisenberg's two minor subjects, mathematics and astronomy. Much was at stake, for the only grades a candidate received were those based on the dissertation and final oral: one grade for each subject and one for overall performance. The grades ranged from I (equivalent to an A) to V (an F).As the 21-year-old Heisenberg appeared before the four professors on July 23, 1923, he easily handled Sommerfeld's questions and those in mathematics, but he began to stumble on astronomy and fell flat on his face on experimental physics. In his laboratory work Heisenberg had to use a Fabry-Perot interferometer, a device for observing the interference of light waves, on which Wien had lectured extensively. But Heisenberg had no idea how to derive the resolving power of the interferometer nor, to Wien's surprise, could he derive the resolving power of such common instruments as the telescope and the microscope. When an angry Wien asked how a storage battery works, the candidate was still lost. Wien saw no reason to pass the young man, no matter how brilliant he was in other fields."" (Cassidy, Uncertainty).The result was that Heisenberg received the lowest of three passing grades in physics and the same overall grade (cum laude) for his doctorate, both of which were an average between Sommerfeld's highest grade and Wien's lowest grade.There is an interesting epilogue to the story. When Heisenberg derived the uncertainty relations several years later, he used the resolving power of the microscope to derive the uncertainty relations - and he still had difficulty with it. When Bohr pointed out the error, it led to emotional difficulties for Heisenberg. Likewise, this time a positive result came off the affair: Heisenberg's reaction induced Bohr to formulate his own views on the subject, which ultimately led to the so-called Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics.Heisenberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 ""for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen"".Faxén was appointed professor of mechanics at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, where he remained until his retirement in 1958. In 1948 he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Cassidy 1924b.‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER.‎

‎Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen. - [HEISENBERG'S DISSERTATION]‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1924. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", band 74, 1924, entire volume offered. Stamp to verso of title-page and hindges loose, otherwise fine. [Heisenberg's paper:] Pp. 577-627. [Entire volume:] VII, (1), 760 pp. + 3 plates.‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's doctoral dissertation on the stability and turbulence of fluid flow, which ""involved an approximate solution of the complicated equations governing the onset of hydrodynamic turbulence""(David C. Cassidy). It is widely regarded as being ""the most important early paper devoted to this subject"". (Yaglom, Hydrodynamics Instability and Transition to Turbulence).Despite Sommerfeld's positive evaluation of Heisenberg's thesis ""In the handling of the present problem, Heisenberg shows once again his extraordinary abilities: complete command of the mathematical apparatus and daring physical insight"" (Arnold Sommerfeld, evaluation of the thesis, 1923.), the oral presentation did not go as Heisenberg could have hoped for:""Acceptance of the dissertation brought admission of the candidate to the final orals, where in this case trouble began. The examining committee consisted of Sommerfeld and Wien, along with representatives in Heisenberg's two minor subjects, mathematics and astronomy. Much was at stake, for the only grades a candidate received were those based on the dissertation and final oral: one grade for each subject and one for overall performance. The grades ranged from I (equivalent to an A) to V (an F).As the 21-year-old Heisenberg appeared before the four professors on July 23, 1923, he easily handled Sommerfeld's questions and those in mathematics, but he began to stumble on astronomy and fell flat on his face on experimental physics. In his laboratory work Heisenberg had to use a Fabry-Perot interferometer, a device for observing the interference of light waves, on which Wien had lectured extensively. But Heisenberg had no idea how to derive the resolving power of the interferometer nor, to Wien's surprise, could he derive the resolving power of such common instruments as the telescope and the microscope. When an angry Wien asked how a storage battery works, the candidate was still lost. Wien saw no reason to pass the young man, no matter how brilliant he was in other fields."" (Cassidy, Uncertainty)The result was that Heisenberg received the lowest of three passing grades in physics and the same overall grade (cum laude) for his doctorate, both of which were an average between Sommerfeld's highest grade and Wien's lowest grade.There is an interesting epilogue to the story. When Heisenberg derived the uncertainty relations several years later, he used the resolving power of the microscope to derive the uncertainty relations - and he still had difficulty with it. When Bohr pointed out the error, it led to emotional difficulties for Heisenberg. Likewise, this time a positive result came of the affair: Heisenberg's reaction induced Bohr to formulate his own views on the subject, which ultimately led to the so-called Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics.Heisenberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 ""for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen"".Cassidy 1924b.‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A stamp to title-page and front free endpaper. Interally clean.‎

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who wasin Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A stamp to title-page and front free endpaper. Interally clean.‎

‎First printing of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who was in Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and Rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

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‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Vol. 44. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 455-472. [Entire volume: VIII,903 pp.].‎

‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Vol. 44. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 455-472. [Entire volume: VIII,903 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of grounbreaking paper which was the first to explain the nature of the chemical bound using wave mechanics and thus explaining the forces active when atoms exchange electrons and creating molecules.""In June, Heitler and London published their famous paper on the hydrogen molecule in which they showed the existence of a new kind of saturable, nondynamic forces, the so-called ""exchange forces"" of attraction or repulsion between like particles, and developed a schematic theory of the homopolar valence which eventually BROUGHT THE WHOLE OF CHEMISTRY UNDER THE SOVEREIGNTY OF QUANTUM MECHANICS. These results not only lent weight to the concept of like particles, they also showed that like particles may be indistinguishable, that is, may lose their identity, a conclusion which follows from the uncertainty relations or, more precisely, from the impossibility of keeping track of the individual particles in case of interactions of like particles. (Jammer in ""The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanic"", pp. 343 ff.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1927 C.‎

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‎"HEITLER W. & F. LONDON. - UNITING CHEMISTRY WITH QUANTUM MECHANICS.‎

‎Wechselwirkung neutraler atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik.‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 8vo. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 44. VIII,903 pp. (Entire volume offered). Heitler & London's paper: pp. 455-472. A stamp to titlepage. Clean.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Studien über electrische Grenzschichten. (Studies in Electrical Contact-layers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1879. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 7, No. 7. Pp. 337-496 a. 1 plate. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz paper: pp. 337-382.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Studien über electrische Grenzschichten. (Studies in Electrical Contact-layers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1879. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 7, No. 7. Pp. 337-496 a. 1 plate. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz paper: pp. 337-382.‎

‎First appearance of a famous paper in electrodynamics in which Helmholtz was able to explain the production of electricity by friction and succeeding ""in deriving the relations of the series of electrical tensions due to friction, and the theory of the electrical machine, satisfactorily from it.....In this paper....Helmholtz comes back repeatedly to the close connection between electrical and the chemical forces, as well as to the explanation of Volta's fundamental experiment......These researches of Hertz, the results of which were plainly foreseen by helmholtz, gave substantial support to the Faraday-Maxwell hypothesis of the nature of electricity, and confirmed Helmholtz in his opinion of the accuracty of Faraday's conceptions.""(Koenigsberger ""Hermann von helmholts"", pp. 317-321).‎

Bookseller reference : 45081

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Über die auf das Innere magnetisch oder elektrisch polarisirter Körper wirkende Kräfte.‎

‎Berlin, Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1881. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Monatsbericht der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin."" Februar issue 1881. Pp. 117-274 a. 2 plates. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz's paper: pp. 191-213.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von.‎

‎Über die auf das Innere magnetisch oder elektrisch polarisirter Körper wirkende Kräfte.‎

‎Berlin, Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1881. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Monatsbericht der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin."" Februar issue 1881. Pp. 117-274 a. 2 plates. (Entire issue offered). Helmholtz's paper: pp. 191-213.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper on the electromagnetic theory, proposing a complete theory of the phenomenon that insulators tend to alter their shape under the influence of dielectric forces.... ""Helmholtz finally concludes from the expression for the forces, that the two views - that, namely, which postulates forces acting at a distance, and that of Farady-Maxwell, according to which there is only polarization of the media - may thus exist side by side."" (Koenigsberger, pp. 329-30).The issue contains Rudolf Virchow's paper ""Über die ethnologische Bedeutung des Os malare bipartitum"", pp. 230-267 and 1 folded lithographed plate.‎

Bookseller reference : 45808

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FOUNDING THE MODERN THEORY OF COLOUR.‎

‎Ueber Hrn. Brewster's neue Analyse des Sonnenlichts.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1852. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Dritte Reihe Bd. 26, Achtes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1852). (The entire issue (No. 8) offered). Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FOUNDING THE MODERN THEORY OF COLOUR.‎

‎Ueber Hrn. Brewster's neue Analyse des Sonnenlichts.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1852. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Dritte Reihe Bd. 26, Achtes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1852). (The entire issue (No. 8) offered). Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this founding paper in the modern theory of colour, in which Helmholtz proved the surprising fact that there are only two among the colours of the spectrum, yellow and indigo-blue, which together yields pure white, that is, are complementary to each other, whereas their combination had always been supposed to produce green.""Helmholtz turned to the intricate problems of color vision in 1852 with an attack on Sir David Brewster's new theory of light. Brewster had maintained the objective reality of three primary colors by supposing, in opposition to Newton, that there exist three distinct kinds of light, each of which excites in the eye one of the sensations red, yellow, or blue. Helmholtz regarded the theory as still another confusion of physical stimulus and subjective responce....He also revived Young's theory of color visoin...only to refute it. He had discovered that spectral colors, when mixed, always yield a duller color of less-than-spectral saturation. Therefore the whole idea that all colors may be obtained from mixtures of three primary colors must be incorrect, he concluded, for the spectral colorss, at least, can never be obtained in their full saturation by mixing any three of their number....Although Helmholtz dismissed Young's theory in 1852, by 1858 he had changed his mind and become its formost advocate. In order to save Ypoung's theory....Helmholtz asumed that Young's physiological primaries are not spectral colors att all, but colors of far greater-than-spectral saturation...""(DSB VI, pp. 246-247). Garrison & Morton 1508.‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FURTHER PROOF OF THE ""CONSERVATION OF ENERGY-PRINCIPLE""‎

‎Ueber galvanische Ströme, verursacht durch Concentrationsunterschiede" " Folgerungen aus der mechanischen Wärmetheorie. (On galvanic Currents caused by Differences in Concentration: Deductions from the Mechanical Theory of Heat).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1878. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 3, 2. Heft. Pp. 161-320 a. 1 folded plate. (entire issue offered). Helmholtz' paper: pp. 201-216. With titlepage to volume 3.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FURTHER PROOF OF THE ""CONSERVATION OF ENERGY-PRINCIPLE""‎

‎Ueber galvanische Ströme, verursacht durch Concentrationsunterschiede"" Folgerungen aus der mechanischen Wärmetheorie. (On galvanic Currents caused by Differences in Concentration: Deductions from the Mechanical Theory of Heat).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1878. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 3, 2. Heft. Pp. 161-320 a. 1 folded plate. (entire issue offered). Helmholtz' paper: pp. 201-216. With titlepage to volume 3.‎

‎First apperance - in full - of this importent paper in which for the first time the 2 laws of thermodynamics were applied to electrical phenomena. Parts of the paper were published already in 1877.""In 1877 Helmholtz attempted to predict theoretically the electromotive force of a galvanic cell for different concentrations of a salt solution. Under certain conditions the cell can be treated as a reversible cycle and the laws of Carnot and Clapeyron applied to it. The theory was in substantial agreement with experimental data by James Moser.""(DSB). - The Moser-paper confirming Helmholtz theory is printed here on pp. 216-219, taken from Monatsberichte der Berl. Akad., 1877.""In his work 'On Galvanic Currents', Helmholtz was the first to apply the two laws of thermodynamics to electricity. In order to keep up a current of electricity through any conductor it is necessary to expend a certain amount of chemical or mechanical work"" the supply of positive electricity in the positive end of the conductor must be perpetually renewed, in order to oppose the repulsive force of the positive electricity there accumulated, and the same holds for the negative electricity at the negative end.""(Koenigsberger ""Hermann von helmholtz"", pp. 309-12).‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - MEASURING THE SPEED OF ELECTRICITY.‎

‎Ueber die Dauer und den Verlauf der durch Stromesschwankungen inducirten elektrischen Ströme. (On the Duration and Course of the Electrical Currents induced by Variation of an Inducing Current).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1851. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 83, Viertes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1851). (The entire issue offered (Heft 2 of vol. 83 with titlepage to vol. 83). Pp.469-600 a. 2 engraved plates. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 505-540. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - RECORDING THE FIRST PRESENTATION OF THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht über ""Der Inhalt der Schrift ""Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft"""".‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1850. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1847. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". III. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XLIV,703 pp. Stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 232-245. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - THE POPULARIZATION OF HIS ""THEORY OF THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY""‎

‎Ueber die Wechselwirkung der Naturkräfte und die darauf bezüglichen neuesten Ermittelungen der Physik. Ein populär-wissenschaftlicher Vortrag gehalten am 7. februar 1854. Zweiter Abdruck.‎

‎Königsberg, Gräfe & Unzer, 1854. Uncut in orig. green printed wrappers. A bit of upper corner on endwrapper, gone. 48 pp. Some brownspots to the first leaves.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - THE PRELUDE TO ""ÜBER DIE ERHALTUNG DER KRAFT"" AND HIS FIRST PAPER ON FORCE CONSERVATION‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht ""über die Theorie der physiologischen Wärmeerscheinungen für 1845"" (Report on the Work done on the Theory of Animal Heat in 1845).‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1847. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. Light wear along edges. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1845. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". I. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XXXII,622 pp. A stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 346-355. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - THE PRELUDE TO ""ÜBER DIE ERHALTUNG DER KRAFT"" AND HIS FIRST PAPER ON FORCE CONSERVATION‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht ""über die Theorie der physiologischen Wärmeerscheinungen für 1845"" (Report on the Work done on the Theory of Animal Heat in 1845).‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1847. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. Light wear along edges. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1845. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". I. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XXXII,622 pp. A stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 346-355. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this milestone paper which represents the first, and most importent, step towards his great work laid down in ""Über die Erhaltung der Kraft"", 1847. This is Helmholtz' FIRST PAPER ON THE CONSERVATION OF FORCE""At the beginning of October, 1846, Helnmholtz sent a 'Report on Work done on the Theory of Animal Heat for 1845', at du Bois' request, to the ""Fortschritte der Physik"", issued by the Physical Society. (the paper offered). This was merely an abstract from the article in the Encyclopaedic Dictionary.....BUT IT ANTICIPATES MORE DEFINITELY THE CONDCLUSIONS OF HIS GREAT WORK. He states without hesitation that the material theory of heat is no longer tenable, and that a kinetic theory must be substituted for it, since heat originates in mechanical forces, either directly by friction, or indirectly from an electrical current produced by themotion of magnets. This conception of heat as a motion involves the conclusion that mechanical, electrical and chemical forces must always be the definite equivalent of one and the same energy, whatever the mode by which one force is transformed into another. The empirical confirmation of this law must be the imperative duty of physicists and physiologists.""(Leo Koenigsberger in ""Hermann von Helmholtz"", pp. 34-35).""In the ""Fortschritte der Physik"" for 1845, which appeared in 1847, Helmholtz published a report on theories of physiological heat which he later acknowledged as belonging to his work on the conversation of force.""(Jungnickel & McCormach ""Intellectual Masteryof Nature, Vol. 1, p. 157).‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN Von. - THE RESOLUTION LIMIT OF THE MICROSCOPE.‎

‎Die theoretische Grenze für die Leistungsfähigkeit der Mikroskope. (The Theoretical Limit of the Efficiency of Microscopes).‎

‎Leipzig, J.A. Barth, 1874. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Jubelband. With titlepage to ""Jubelband"". Titlepage with a stamp. Pp. 557-584‎

‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN Von. - THE RESOLUTION LIMIT OF THE MICROSCOPE.‎

‎Die theoretische Grenze für die Leistungsfähigkeit der Mikroskope. (The Theoretical Limit of the Efficiency of Microscopes).‎

‎Leipzig, J.A. Barth, 1874. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Jubelband. With titlepage to ""Jubelband"". Titlepage with a stamp. Pp. 557-584‎

‎First appearance of a fundamental paper in modern optics in which Helmholtz published his discovery of the resolution limit of the microscope. He found that the limit for the difference of magnitude that we are able to distinguish plainly is in general found equal to half the wave-lenght of theparticular light employed. A further increase in optical power beyond that of the best modern instruments does not therefore seem possible.‎

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‎"HENLY (HENLEY), WILLIAM.‎

‎Experiments and Observations in Electricity. Part I -(II).‎

‎London, W. Bowyer and J. Nichols, 1777. 4to. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Year 1777. Vol. 67 - Part I. Pp. 85-143 a. 1 folded engraved plate. Clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎"HENLY (HENLEY), WILLIAM.‎

‎Experiments and Observations in Electricity. Part I -(II).‎

‎London, W. Bowyer and J. Nichols, 1777. 4to. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Year 1777. Vol. 67 - Part I. Pp. 85-143 a. 1 folded engraved plate. Clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎First printing of Henley's large memoir on Franklin's theory of the Leyen Jar, on bow and violin strings oppositely electrified, on the electric origin of water-spouts etc.Wheeler Gift: 2472.‎

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‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - HENRY'S ALBANY MAGNET.‎

‎On the application of the principle of the galvanic multiplier to electromagnetic apparatus, and also to the development of great magnetic power in soft Iron, with a small galvanic element.‎

‎New Haven, Hezekiah Howe and A.H. Maltby, 1831. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt, tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. Light wear along edgaes and top of spine. In: ""The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. XIX. Engraved frontispiece. VIII,404 pp., 4 engraved plates (1 handcoloured, brownspotted). Henry's paper: pp. 400-408, one textillustr.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - HENRY'S ALBANY MAGNET.‎

‎On the application of the principle of the galvanic multiplier to electromagnetic apparatus, and also to the development of great magnetic power in soft Iron, with a small galvanic element.‎

‎New Haven, Hezekiah Howe and A.H. Maltby, 1831. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt, tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. Light wear along edgaes and top of spine. In: ""The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. XIX. Engraved frontispiece. VIII,404 pp., 4 engraved plates (1 handcoloured, brownspotted). Henry's paper: pp. 400-408, one textillustr.‎

‎First edition of Henry's importent paper in which he described the function and construction of the Albany-Magnet, probably the most powerfull magnet ever constructed (at the time).From his ""experiments Henry discovered that if a cell of a single pair of electrodes is to be used with a given magnet, the magnet should be wound with several coils of wire in parallel"" on the other hand, if a battery of many cells is to be used, the magnet winding should form a single long wire. Henry was the first person to understand this idea. It later became a fundamental basis for much of electrical technology, and, in particular, made Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph feasible.Applying this principle (together with the valuable but less easily described practical skill in magnet-making he had acquired in the course of his experiments), Henry, with the assistance of a colleague, Philip Ten Eyck, went on to build a 21-pound ""experimental magnet on a large scale."" With a modest battery, this ""Albany magnet"" supported 750 pounds, making it, Henry claimed, ""probably, therefore, the most powerful magnet ever constructed."" Quickly he wrote a paper describing these experiments and his magnet-winding principle, and sent it off to Benjamin Silliman, Professor of Chemistry and Natural History at Yale College and editor of the American Journal of Science, a widely read and influential publication. Silliman readily accepted what he called Henry's ""highly important & interesting paper"" and published it in the issue of January, 1831 (the paper offered)."" (Roger Sherman).‎

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‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - THE DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION - GERMAN VERSION.‎

‎Ueber elektro-dynamische Induction.‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1842). Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Ergänzungsband 1, Stück 2. Pp. 193-384 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (The entire issue offered). Henry's paper: pp. 282-312.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - THE DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION.‎

‎On the Influence of a Spiral Conductor in increasing the Intensity of Electricity from a Galvanic Arrangement of a Single Pair, &c.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837). No wrappers. Extracted fron ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from The Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science and Learned Societies. Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. I. Pp. 540-547.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. No. III (and) IV. On Electro-magnetic Induction.‎

‎London, Richard and John E.Taylor, 1840-41. 8vo. 2 contemp. hmorocco. Tears to spines. Frontcovers on both volumes loose. Stamp to foot of titlepages. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Conducted by David Brewster et al."". Vol. XVI a. vol. XVIII. VIII,607,(1) pp. a. 5 plates. + VIII,616 pp., 2 plates. (Entire volumes offered). Henry's papers: pp. 200-210, 254-265, 551-562, textillustr. (in vol. XVI) a. pp. 482-514, textillustr. (in vol. XVIII).‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. No. III (and) IV. On Electro-magnetic Induction.‎

‎London, Richard and John E.Taylor, 1840-41. 8vo. 2 contemp. hmorocco. Tears to spines. Frontcovers on both volumes loose. Stamp to foot of titlepages. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Conducted by David Brewster et al."". Vol. XVI a. vol. XVIII. VIII,607,(1) pp. a. 5 plates. + VIII,616 pp., 2 plates. (Entire volumes offered). Henry's papers: pp. 200-210, 254-265, 551-562, textillustr. (in vol. XVI) a. pp. 482-514, textillustr. (in vol. XVIII).‎

‎First printing in England of this pioneering paper on electro-magnetic induction in which Henry carried out his program of determining the relationship of static and dynamic electricity.The volumes also contains first printings by CHARLES LYELL ""On the Boulder Formation, or drift and associated Freshwater Deposits composing the Mud-cliffs of Eastern Norfolk"". Pp. 345-380, textillustr. (1840), and JOHN W. DRAPER ""An Account of some Experiments made in the South of Virginia, on the height of the Sun"".Pp. 81-84 and his ""On the Electro-motive Power of Heat. Pp. 451-461.On p. 535 we have the first announcement of the first sucessfull photographic portrait taken. Draper’s first reported portraiture was that of his sister, Miss Dorothy Catherine Draper, dressed in white sitting still for a period of 65 seconds.""Professor Draper, of the University of New York, informs us in a note dated March 31st, that he has succeeded during the Winter in procuring portraits by the Daguerreotype, and that they have all the beaty and softness of the most finished mezzotint engraving, and only requirefrom 20 to 45 seconds for execution.""‎

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‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. On Electro-Dynamic Induction.‎

‎New Haven, Maltby and Noyes, 1840. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. In: The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. 38. VI,(2),416 pp. (Entire volume offered). Henry's paper:pp. 209-243, many textllustrations in woodcut. A few leaves with brownspots.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH.‎

‎Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism. On Electro-Dynamic Induction.‎

‎New Haven, Maltby and Noyes, 1840. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. In: The American Journal of Science and Arts. Conducted by Benjamin Silliman"", Vol. 38. VI,(2),416 pp. (Entire volume offered). Henry's paper:pp. 209-243, many textllustrations in woodcut. A few leaves with brownspots.‎

‎This is Henry's importent third ""Contribution"" on the dynamic induction experiments, carrying out his program of determining the relationship of static and dynamic electricity. He independently of Faraday discovered electr-magnetic inductuion in 1831. The paper was first printed in ""Transactions of the American Philosophical Society"", 1839.‎

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‎"HENRY, JOSEPH. - DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION.‎

‎Facts in reference to the Spark, &c from along conductor uniting the poles of a Galvanic Battery.‎

‎Philadelphia, Fraklin Institute, 1835. 8vo. Later full green cloth. Tome-and titlelabels in leather with gilt lettering on spine. In: ""Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania... Edited by Thomas P. Jones"", Vol. XV. New series. Engraved frontisp. (2),446 pp., 2 folded engraved plates and 2 folded engraved maps. (Entire volume offered). Henry's announcement: pp. 169-70. A stamp to verso of frontispiece (Library of Congress duplicate stamp).‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH. - ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION.‎

‎Sur l'induction électro-dybanique. (Extrait par M. Abria). Premier- (Second) Mémoire. (No III et No IV).‎

‎Paris, Fortin, Masson et Cie, 1844. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 3. 512 pp. a. 7 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Henry's papers: pp. 394-436 a. 1 folded engraved plate (showing Henry's experimental apparatus). Internally clean.‎

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH. - ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION.‎

‎Sur l'induction électro-dybanique. (Extrait par M. Abria). Premier- (Second) Mémoire. (No III et No IV).‎

‎Paris, Fortin, Masson et Cie, 1844. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 3. 512 pp. a. 7 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Henry's papers: pp. 394-436 a. 1 folded engraved plate (showing Henry's experimental apparatus). Internally clean.‎

‎First French version of these pioneering papers on electro-magnetic induction in which Henry carried out his program of determining the relationship of static and dynamic electricity.‎

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