‎Thé‎

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE. - PROOVING THE DOCTRINE OF IRRETABILITY.‎

‎Analyse physiologique des propriètés des systèmes musculaire et nerveux au moyen du curare.‎

‎Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 43, No 18. Pp. (825-) 892. (Entire issue offered). Bernard's paper: pp. 825-829.‎

‎First printin of an importent paper in toxicology in which Bernard describes how he ""paralyzed motor nerve-endings with curare and demonstrated the independent excitability of muscle"" his paper is the classical proof of Haller's doctrine of irretability"" (Garrison & Morton).""Bernard was a true innovator in the study of the effects of toxic and medicinal substances. No one before him had understood so well the role of drug metabolization. He regarded poisoning as a local phenomenon, and advocated the use of certain poisons in physiological research. Curare and carbon monoxide had served him, he said, as ""chemical bistoury,"" making it possible to destroy specific structures selectively. ""(DSB).Garrison & Morton, No 616 and 2079.‎

Référence libraire : 47113

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE. - THE DISCOVERY OF THE GLYCOGENIC FUNCTION OF THE LIVER.‎

‎Sur une nouvelle fonction du foie chez l'homme et les animaux. (Extrait par l'auteur).‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier),1850. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XXXI, No. 17. With titlepage to vol. 31. Pp. (561-) 592. (Entire issue offered). Bernard's paper: pp. 571-574. Titlepage with a faint stamp to top and a stamp in lower margin.‎

‎First appearance of the first exposition of the glycogenic function of the liver - one of the greatest physiological discoveries of the 19th century. Bernard showed that the liver builds up complex substances, including glycogen, from the nutriment brought to it by the blood and that these are subsequently modified for distribution to the body.Dibner ""Heralds of Science"" No 131 - Horblit ""One Hundred Books famous in Science"" No. 11a, here listing ""Nouvelle Fonction du Foie"" from 1853 but with the remark ""The work appeared earlier in abbreviated form in the ""Comptes rendus"" (the paper offered). - Exhibition of First Editions of Epochal Achievements in the History of Science, Berkeley 1934. No 107.‎

Référence libraire : 48830

‎"BERNOULLI, (JOHANN I) - THE TAUTOCRONE CURVE IN A MEDIA.‎

‎Méthode pour trouver les Tautochrones, dans des Milieux résistants, comme le Quarré des Vitesses.‎

‎(Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1732). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1730"". Pp. 78-101.‎

‎First printing of Johann Bernoulli's importent paper in which he for the first time (Euler did it at the same time) solved the problem of finding the tautochrone in a medium that resists a body's motion directly as the square of the body's speed.After Huygens first discovered that the cylcoid was a tautochronous curve in vacuo according to the hypothesis of uniform gravity" Newton and Hermann have also given tautochrones following the hypothesis of non-uniform gravity acting, and pulling towards some fixed point as centre. Moreover, they have considered the motion to arise in a vacuum, with no resistance. Truly pertaining to resisting media, Newton has also shown that the cycloid is a tautochrone in a medium for which the resistance is proportional tothe speed moreover, as far as any other kinds resisting media are concerned, there has been no progress made either in roducing the curves themselves or in demonstrating possible tautochronism in them [The 3rd edition of the Principia that Euler refers to finally in 35 alters this view to include the type of resistance offered here. It may be of interest to the reader to observe that Johan. Bernoulli published a paper in the Memoire de l'Acad. Roy. des Sciences in 1730, also present in his Opera Omnia, T. III, p.173, with the title (in tra. from French): Method for Finding Tautochrones in Media Resisting as the Square of the Speed in which Euler does not get a mention.].‎

Référence libraire : 46599

‎"BERTHELOT, MARCELLIN. - THE FOUNDATION OF THERMOCHEMISTRY‎

‎Sur les Principes généraux de la Thermochemie. 1.- 13. Mémoire. (+) Dissolution des Acides et de Alcalis. 1. - 9. Mémoire.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, Imprimerie Gauthier-Villars, 1875. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Wear to top of spine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. Both works in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 5me Series - Tome IV. 572 pp. (The entire volume offered). Berthelot's works: pp. 5-131 a. 141-214 + pp. 445-537. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this collection of Berthelot's famous memoirs on thermochemistry to which he turned his attention in 1865. In these lectures he introduced the concepts of 'exothermix' and 'endothermic'. He also intorduce his famous 3 principles - equivalence between internal and heat changes in chemical reactions, heat evolved or absorbed in a chemical change depends onlyon the initial and final states of the reactans and products, provided no external work is done, and ""law of maximum work"" which says that ""every chemical change accomplished without the intervention of energy from outside tends towards the production of a body or system of bodies which produce the most heat"". The principles of Thermochemistry given here Berthelot considered himself fundamental.""In the 1860s Berthelot was done with synthesis and turned to thermochemistry, the study of the heat of chemical reactions. In some of his work he had unknowingly been anticipated by Hess, but he went much further. He devised a calorimeter within which he could measure the heat of chemical reactions and ran hundreds of determinations. This work along with that being conducted by Thomson threw the science of thermochemistry into high gear.""(Asimov).‎

Référence libraire : 43164

‎"BERZELIUS - THE DISCOVERY OF THORIUM.‎

‎Untersuchung eines neuen Minerals und einer darin enthaltenen zuvor unbekannten Erde.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1829. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 16, Siebentes Stück. (2) + pp., 1 folded engraved plate. Entire issue offered with titlepage to volume 16. Berzelius's paper: pp. 387-415. Clean and fine.‎

‎First German printing - printed simultaneously with the English and Swedish version - of the paper in which Berzelius described his discovery of Thorium, the first element after Uranium to be identified as such. In 1829, Jöns Jakob Berzelius of the Royal Karolinska Institute, Stockholm extracted thorium from a rock specimen sent to him by an amateur mineralogist who had discovered it near Brevig and realised that it had not previously been reported. The mineral turned out to be thorium silicate, and it is now known as thorite. Berzelius even produced a sample of metallic thorium by heating thorium fluoride with potassium, and confirmed it as a new metal. He called the black mineral thorite, in honor of the Scandinavian god Thor.Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1829 C.‎

Référence libraire : 49248

‎"BERZELIUS, JÖNS JACOB. - ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTENT WORKS IN THE HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY - THE FRENCH VERSION.‎

‎Essais sur les proportions déterminées dans lesquelles se trouvent réunis les élémens de la nature inorganiques. (+) Suite des experiences sur les proportions déterminées, d'après lesquelles les élémens de la nature inorganique s'unissent... (In all...‎

‎Paris, Chez J. Klostermann fils, 1811-12. Bound in 6 contemp. hcalf. Gilt spines, slightly rubbed. Wear to top of spines. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 78, 79, 80, 81, 82 and 83. (Entire volumes offered). The 14 parts: (Tome 78:) pp. 5-37, 105-132, 217-242. - (Tome 79:) pp. 113-142, 233-264. - (Tome 80:) pp. 5-37, 225-258. - (Tome 81:) pp. 5-36, 278-303. - (Tome 82:) pp. 5-33, 113-125, 225-72. (Tome 83:) pp. 5-35 a. pp. 117-127. With in all 3 engraved plates. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎The papers represents one of the first announcements of Berzelius' discovery of the fixed chemical proportions, determining the weights and valencies of the various constituent elements in inorganic compounds. The papers were published at the same time in Swedish, German (both here in Annalen and in Schweiger's Journal), and in French. By running many hundreds of analysis of chemical compounds he gave so many examples of the law of definite proportions that the world of chemistry could no longer doubt its validity, and in so doing he gave experimental evidence to the atomic theory. He hereby laid a solid fundation for the further development of chemistry. A reprint is found in Ostwald's Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften, No. 35.According to Söderbaum (Jac. Berzelius, 2, p.12) ""It was a giant work, one of the most importent in the history of chemistry, which was here presented. One is even more impressed when one remembers that it was a pioneer undertaking in every sense of the term. Analytic and synthetic methods existed before Berzelius' time, to be sure, but there were no precise methods of the sort which he required. They all had to be elaborated at the cost of time and labour.""(J. Erik Jorpes ""Jac. Berzelius"", p.45).""In general Berzelius's efforts were directed toward the consolidation and extension of the atomic theory. He improved chemical analysis and determined the composition of a large number of compounds, thus verifying the laws of constant and multiple proportions and furnishing the most accurate equivalent weights then available. By ingenious methods he arrived at the correct atomic composition of most common substances, and thus was enabled to draw up (in 1826) a table of atomic weights very nearly identical with the modern one.""(Leicester & Klicktein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 258).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1810-20 C.‎

Référence libraire : 46030

‎"BERZELIUS, JÖNS JACOB. - THE INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY INTRODUCED.‎

‎Experiments on the Nature of Azote, of Hydrogen, and of Ammonia, and upon the Degrees of Oxidation of which Azote is susceptible. (+) Essay on the Cause of Chemical Proportions, and on some Circumstances relating to them: together with a short and eas...‎

‎London, Robert Baldwin, 1813 a. 1814. 8vo. 2 contemp. hcalf. Marbled boards. Spines lacks and boards detached. In: ""Annals of Philosophy"" or Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics... By Thomas Thomson"". Vol. II and Vol. III. Entire volumes offered. Berzelius' papers: pp. 276-284, 357-368 (the first paper in vol. II), pp. 443-454 (vol. II) a. pp. 51-62, 93-106, 244-257 a. 353-364. (vol. III). Internally fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of these milestone papers in the history of chemistry, where Berzelius introduced his famous chemical symbolism whereby an element is generally represented by the first letter of its Latin name, or, in the event of elements having the same first letter, by the first two letters. Even though his atomic symbols were introduced in 1813 (see the note on p. 359 in the first paper), it was quite a few years before Berzelius's symbols were adopted by the chemistry community. But once accepted, they became the new international language of chemistry.Berzelius ""contributed more to the development of the atomic theory and to the setting up of accurate values of the atomic weights than did any other worker of the time. Of his contributions, moreover, to the development of the atomic theory and the advancement of chemical science, not the least valuable was the introduction of a chemical symbolism which, with slight modification, is in use at the present day. By giving his symbols a quantitative meaning - the symbol of an element representing one atomic proportion by weight - it was possible ""to show briefly and clearly the number of elementary atoms in each compound and, after the determination of their relative weights, present the results of each analysis in a simple and easely retained manner"". This symbolism was speedily adopted on the Continent but, in England, only after some considerable time.""(Findlay ""A Hundred Years of Chemistry"", p. 14.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1813 C. - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 258 ff. - Holmberg 1813:28 a. The volume contains other notable papers THOMAS THOMSON ""On the Discovery of the Atomic Theory"", pp. 329-338. and JOHN DALTON ""Remarks on the Essay of Dr. Berzelius on the Cause of Chemical Proportions"", pp. 174-180 (Vol. III).‎

Référence libraire : 46988

‎"BESSEL, (FRIEDRICH WILHELM) - THE FIRST MEASURE OF THE DISTANCE TO A STAR AND OF ITS PARALLAX.‎

‎Observations pour déterminer la parallaxe annuelle de la 61e étoile du Cygne. - Extrait d'une Lettre de M. Bessel à M. de Humboldt. Note de M.Arago sur le même sujet. (Séance du Lundi 5 Novembre 1838). (+) Nouvelles observations sur la parallaxe annu...‎

‎Paris, Bachelier, 1838 a. 1840. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 7, No 19 and Tome 10, No 17/18. Pp. (769-) 803 a. pp. (671-) 717. (Entire issues offered). Bessel's papers: pp. 785-793 a. pp. 703-710. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of a milestone paper in astronomy, giving the solution of the great problem of distances in the universe which had baffled astronomers ever since the time of Copernicus, announcing the FIRST SUCCESSFUL DISPLACEMENT OR PARALLAX OF A FIXED STAR and hence deducing the FIRST RELIABLE DISTANCE OF THE EARTH TO A FIXED STAR. The parallax observed corresponded to ab. 600.000 times that of the earth from the sun. On these grounds Bessel calculated the distance to about 11 light years, and this was confirmed by fresh investigations by Bessel in 1839-40 (the second paper offered). In 1842-43 it was also confirmed by C.A.F. Peters at Pulkowa. It is the first published instance of the fathom-line thrown into celestial space.Bessel communicated his observations in Comptes Rendus, in a letter to Humboldt (the offered paper dated Nov. 5, 1838), in ""Monthly Notices"" in letter to J. Herschel, and in ""Astronomische Nachrichten"" Vol. 16, No 365-66 (pp. 65-96), 1838), where a more detail account was published.Ther paper ""Bestimmung der Entfernung des 61sten Stern des Schwans"" in ""Astronomische Nachrichten"" is dated at the end: Altona 1838, Dec. 13.Bessel's investigation was hailed by John Herschel when Bessel was awarded the R.A.S. gold medal ""The greatest and most glorious triumph which practical astronomy has ever witnessed"". ""For determining the parallax of 61 Cygni, Bessel selected two comparison stars of magnitude 9-10 at distances of roughly eight and twelve minutes of arc. 61 Cygni is a physical double star whose components differ in brightness by less than one magnitude. The distance of sixteen seconds of arc between the components favored the accuracy of the determination of the parallax because pointing could be carried out with two star images. After observing for eighteen months, by the fall of 1838 Bessel had enough measurements for the determination of a reliable parallax. He found that p = 0.314? with a mean error of ±:0.020?. This work was published in the Astronomische Nachrichten (1838), the first time the distance of a star became known. Bessel’s value for the parallax shows excellent agreement with the results obtained by extensive modern photographical parallax determinations,..."" (DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1838 A. - Shapley & Howarth ""A Source Book in Astronomy"", pp. 216 ff.‎

Référence libraire : 47114

‎"BESSEL, FRIEDRICH WILHELM. - REDUCING THE ""PERSONAL EQUATION"".‎

‎Fundamenta Astronomiae pro Anno MDCCLV deducta ex Observationibus Viri incomparabilis James Bradley in Specula Astronomica Grenovicensi per Annos 1750 - 1762 institutis.‎

‎Regiomonti (Königsberg), Frid. Nicolovium, 1818. Folio. Near contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine with gilt lettering. A small nick at upper backhinge. (12),325,(1) pp. Light scattered brownspots. Top of title-page with old owners name and a small stamp.‎

‎First edition of this milestone work in astronomical obeservation, where Bessel reduced the observations for the ""personal equation"" based on Bradley's observations and here published Bradley's Greenwich observations for the first time and making a catalogue of 3222 stars extracted from them.""The positions of Bradley’s stars valid for 1755 were published by Bessel as Fundamenta astronomiae pro anno 1755 (1818). This work also gives the proper motions of the stars, as derived from these observations of Bradley, of Piazzi, and of Bessel himself. It constitutes a milestone in the history of astronomical observations, for until then positions of stars could not be given with comparable accuracy: through Bessel’s work, Bradley’s observations were made to mark the beginning of modern astrometry. During this investigation Bessel became an admirer of the art of observation as practiced by Bradley"" and because Bradley could not evaluate his own observations, Bessel followed and also taught the principle that immediately after an observation, the reduction had to be done by the observer himself. Further, he realized that the accurate determination of the motions of the planets and the stars required continuous observations of their positions until such motions could be used to predict ""the positions of the stars .... for all times with sufficient accuracy."" (DSB).Shapley a. Howarth. A Source Boook in Astronomy, p. 103 a. 216.‎

Référence libraire : 52737

‎"BIBLIA DANICA - THE CHRISTIAN IV BIBLE‎

‎Biblia Det er Den gantske Hellige Scrifft paa Danske igien offuerseet oc Prentet effter vor allernaadigste Herris oc Kongis K. Christian den IV. Befaling. Mett Register/ alle D. Lutheri Fortaler ghans Udledning i Brædden oc Viti Theodori Summarier. Cu... - [THE MAGNIFICENT CHRISTIAN IV FOLIO BIBLE]‎

‎Kiøbenhaffn, (Melchior Martzan og Salomon Sartor), (1632-) 1633. Folio (binding: 37 x 25 cm.). Bound in a spledid, contemporary full calf binding over wooden boards. Rich, elaborate gilding to both boards and spine. The gilding is vague, especially on the front board, but the tooling is very sharp, and the binding overall is magnificent. With four beautiful, ornamented brass edges to each board and two large ornamented brass clasps. All edges are gilt and beautifully blindtooled. Wear to capitals, where the cords are loosening a bit, and with a bit of loss of leather. A bit of wear to hinges, at the cords, which are showing. But overall the binding is in splendid condition. Also internally extremely well preserved. The title-page has a tiny restored hole to lower right corner, and the first four leaves might have been inserted. They are slightly smaller at the outer margin than the other leaves. But that might also be due to restoration, as the binding has not been tampered with at any point and is completely unrestored. The text is unusually nice, clean and fresh, by far the nicest copy we have ever come across. Pasted-down front end-paper with the ownership signature and lacquered coat-of-arms seal of Severin Svanenhielm (Severin Seehusen (1664-1726) ) as well as the ownership signatures of Søren Schiøtz (1796-1863) (with names of members of his family), C. Th. Zahle and Erik Zahle. With the book plate of William Davignon (d. 1924). The brass corners carry the initials HL and are depicted in Johannes Rudbeck's Svenska Bokband I (fig. 26, p.53). The binding there is dated 1622, whereas our binding is from 1633 or right after. The brass fittings were a commercial merchandise for sale in Germany and probably also in both Sweden and Denmark. Engraved title-page as well as the engraved portrait of Christian IV, all by the royal engraver Simon the Pas. Without the half-title, which merely contains the printed words ""BIBLIA / Paa Danske"", which is almost never present. (21 - not counting the engraved title-page and the portrait), 353 (i.e. 354 due to the erroneous double pagination 353), 226, 159 ff.‎

‎A magnificent copy of the scarce first edition of the last (i.e. the third) of the Danish folio-bibles, known as ""Christian IV's Bible"", being a slightly revised edition of the Bible of 1589. Christian IV is the most famous Danish king ever to have lived, and the Christian IV bible is extremely sought-after. An unusually fresh and complete (apart from the always lacking half-title) copy of this splendid bible, printed by the first royal printer Melchior Martzan and Salomon Sartor (part 2). The numerous woodcut illustrations are the same that were used for the Frederik II Bibel from 1589. The four engraved leaves - the portrait and the three title-pages - are by Simon de Pas.Bibl. Dan.I,9 - Thesaurus II, 378. - Birkelund, 41. - Darlow and Moule, 3160. Provenance: Svanenhielm was a family of Danish and Norwegian nobility. Morten Hansen Seehuusen (1629-1694) was a merchant from Bredstedt in Schleswig-Holstein, who re-located to Stavanger, Norway. His son, Severin Seehusen (1664-1726) was an official in Bergen as well as in Stavanger and Northern Norway. He owned, among other properties, Damsgård Manor outside Bergen, Svanøy in Sunnfjord, and Arnegård in Stavanger. In 1720, Severin Seehausen was ennobled under the name Svanenhielm. Søren Daniel Schiøtz (1796-1863) was a Norwegian bailiff and judge, who was also very much engaged in religious matters and came to play an important role in the history of theology in Norway. He was one of the founders of the Norwegian Mission Society and the Norwegian Israeli Mission. He translated several important upbuilding pieces from German, among them a comprehensive bible history. Carl Theodor Zahle (1866 – 1946) was a highly important Danish lawyer and politician. He was prime minister of Denmark from 1909 to 1910 and again from 1913 to 1920. In 1895, he was elected member of the lower chamber of the Danish parliament, for the Liberal Party. A campaigner for peace, in 1905 he co-founded the Social Liberal Party (Det Radikale Venstre). He stayed on as a member of Parliament for Det Radikale Venstre until 1928, when he became a member of the upper chamber of Parliament (Landstinget). In 1929, he became Minister of Justice , a post which he held until 1935. Zahle was instrumental in starting negotiations for a new Danish–Icelandic Act of Union in 1917, which resulted in Iceland being recognized as a sovereign nation in a personal union with the king of Denmark the following year. Erik Zahle (1898-1969) was a famous Danish art historian, author, and museum director.‎

Référence libraire : 60241

‎"BOHR, NIELS - NAMING ""THE PRINCIPLE OF CORRESPONDENCE""‎

‎Über die Serienspektra der Elemente. (Vortrag gehalten am 27. April 1920 in der Sitzung der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft in Berlin).‎

‎Braunschweig, Vieweg & Sohn, 1920. Contemp. Hcloth. Stamp on titlepage. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 2. IV,478 pp. (Entire volume offered). Bohr's paper: pp. 423-469. A very faint dampstain to right margins.‎

‎First edition of this fundamental paper in which Bohr for the first time gives name to a theory, which was for the first time used in his work ""The quantum theory of line Spectra"" from 1918, but now for the first time called ""Korrespondenzprincip"" (The Principle of Correspondence) and explained in the offered paper. The principle was introduced ""in order to obtain the necessary relation to the ordinary theory of radiation in the limit of slow vibrations we are therefore led directlyto certain conclusions about the probability of transition between two stationary states in this limit."".The ""Principle of Correspondence"" is the physical priciple that the behaviour of atomic and other systems should approximate to that predicted by classical physics in certain specific circumstances where quantum effects are expected to be unimportent. Bohr used the principle to explain his theory of the hydrogen atom, which among other things successfully predicted many features of the spectrum of light emitted by energetic hydrogen atoms. The principle formed an importent component of the early quantum theory of Bohr, Sommerfeld and others.Betty Schultz: 17.‎

Référence libraire : 48726

‎"BOLLÉE, LÉON. - THE INVENTION OF ""THE MILLIONAIRE CALCULATOR""‎

‎Sur une nouvelle machine à calculer.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1889). 4to. No wrappers. Disbound. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 109, No 20. Pp. (723-) 758 (entire issue offered). Bollée's paper: pp. 737-739. Disbound but clean.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Bollée describes his invention of a new calculating machine, later called ""The Millionaire"", based on a multiplying mechanism which was capable of performing multiplication directly instead of using repeated addition. As it allows multiplication by any digit it was used by government agencies ans scientists, especially astronomers, well into the twentieths century.Bollée did not produced his machine comercially, ""... but in 1893 Otto Steiger of Munich patented a calculator based on Bollée's approach, which was manufactured between 1895 and 1935 by the firm Hans W. Egli of Switzerland and marketed under the name of ""Millionaire"".... Forty-six hundred ""Millionaires"" were sold, primarly in Europe."" (Hook & Norman ""Origins of Cyberspace"" : 288).‎

Référence libraire : 48744

‎"BOLTZMANN, LUDWIG. - THE PRESSURE OF RADIATION.‎

‎Ueber eine von Hrn. Bartoli entdeckte Beziehung der Wärmestrahlung zum zweiten Hauptsatze. (+) Ueber das Arbeitsquantums. welches bei chemischen Verbindungen gewonnen werden kann: (Aus...der Sitzungsberichte de k. Akad. der Wiss. zu Wien).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1884. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 22, 5. Heft (= No 5). Pp. 1-144 a. 1 folded plate. (entire issue offered). Boltzmann's papers: pp. 31-39 a. pp. 39-72‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Boltzmann followed up his theoretically confirmation of Stefan's experimental findings - the ""Stefan-Boltzmann law"" - by combining the Second Law of Thermodynamics with the theory of the pressure of radiation.‎

Référence libraire : 44837

‎"BONNET, (CHARLES). - FIRST SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION OF THE TAPEWORM.‎

‎Dissertation sur le Ver nommé en Latin Tænia, & en francois Solitaire, où après avoir parlé d'un nouveau secret pour l'expulser des intestins dans lesquels il est logé, qui a eu d'heureux succès, l'on donne quelques observations sur cet Insecte. P...‎

‎Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1750. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome I. Pp. 478-529 pp. and 2 engraved plats. With titlepage to Volume I. A small wormhole to inner margin.‎

‎First appearance of this classic study of the tapeworm (Taenia), being the first accurate description of the Proglottids.""In 1741 he began to study reproduction by fusion and the regeneration of lost parts in the freshwater hydra and other animals. The following year he discovered that the respiration of caterpillars and butterflies is performed by pores, to which the name of stigmata has since been given. He also studied tapeworms. These investigations earned him a membership of the Royal Society of London in 1743, the same year he became a doctor of laws.""""Bonnet is considered one of the fathers of modern biology. He is distinguished for both his experimental research and his philosophy, which exerted a profound influence upon the naturalists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. "" (D.S.B. II: 286).With: M. Geer ""Observation sur la propriété singulière qu'ont les grandes Chenilles á quatorze jambes & à double queue, du Saule, de seringuer de la liqueur"". Pp. 530-638 a. 1 engraved plate.‎

Référence libraire : 45045

‎"Boulder" The Business Detective‎

‎Hidden Causes of Reckless Advertising Waste‎

‎Chicago: Lord and Thomas 1913. First edition. Softcover. fine. First edition stated. Printed stiff wrappers. 112 pp. Illustrated with line drawings. Twelve lessons on what NOT to do in the advertising game including "Campaigns Crippled by Fallicies by Salesmen" "Resistance in the Shipping Department" "Mail Order Hit and Miss" and more. A quick perusal showed us how what was true in 1913 is also true in some form or another a century later. Fine. <br/><br/> Lord and Thomas paperback‎

Référence libraire : E12932B

‎"BOWMAN, WILLIAM. - CLASSIC WORK ON THE STRIATED MUSCLE FIBRES.‎

‎On the Minute Structure and Movements of Voluntary Muscle...In a Letter addressed to Robert Bently Todd. Received June 18, - Read June 18, 1840. (+) Additional Note on the Contraction of Voluntary Muscle in the Living Body. received April 15, - Read A...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E., Taylor, 1840 a. 1841). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1840 - Part II. Pp. 457-501 a. 4 lithographed plates + 1841 - Part I., pp. 69-72. Both papers clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper on the physiology of the muscles. - ""Classical description of the striated muscle"" (Garrison & Morton No. 542).Striated muscle fine structure began to be really understood following a comprehensive survey of the matter carried out by William Bowman in the late 1830s. The publications resulting from such a study, the first of which earned for the author a precocious election as Fellow of the Royal Society.""Bowman succeeded in establishing the true architecture of striated muscle fibres to the extent possible with the most advanced technology available in his day - explaining and eradicating alternative erroneous concepts in the process - but also in correctly describing the basic microstructural changes associated with contraction. In addition, although unrecognized by him or others at the time, his experiments with muscle provided direct evidence for the existence of a selectively permeable cell membrane - in the present meaning of the word - over half a century before its officially accepted discovery. Yet, in spite of these remarkable advances, Bowman arrived at the conclusion that the structure of striated muscle fibres is essentially irrelevant for the mechanism of contraction.""(Eugenio Frixione).‎

Référence libraire : 42942

‎"BRACONNOT, HENRI. - THE FIRST ISOLATION OF GLYCINE AND LEUCINE.‎

‎Mémoire sur la Conversion des matières animales en nouvelles substances par le moyen de l'acide sulfurique.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1820). No wrappers. In: Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Series 2, Tome 13, Cahier 2. Pp. 113-224 (entire issue offered). Braconnot's paper: pp. 113-125. Clean.‎

‎First printing recording Braconnot's isolation of Glycine and Leucine which became the first instance in which a pure amino acid was received from a protein (gelatin) by acidic hydrolysis.""He went on to study the effects of sulfuric acid on animal substances: gelatin, muscle fibers, and wool. In the case of gelatin, he discovered a sugar-like substance which he called sucre de gélatine, later named glycocoll (glycine). Sulfuric acid converted wool and muscle fiber to a white substance he called leucine."" (DSB).Garrison & Morton: 668.3.‎

Référence libraire : 50172

‎"BRAHE, TYGE (TYCHO). - THE FIRST DANISH TRANSLATION OF ""DE NOVA STELLA"".‎

‎Den Ny Stjerne (1572). Oversat fra Latin af Otto Gelsted under medvirken af Thøger Larsen med Efterskrift af Harald Mortensen og Noter af Thøger Larsen. (Omslagstitlen). Danskerens Tyge Brahe's matematiske Betragtning over den Ny og aldrig nogensinde...‎

‎Lemvig, Atlantis' Forlag, 1923. Ubeskåret i originale bogtrykte omslag. De første og sidste blade med lidt brunpletter. (2),56,(2) pp., tekstillustrationer. (Særtryk af Atlantis). Nr. 122 af 200 salgseksemplarer, hele oplaget var på 250 eksemplarer. Nederste margin af omslaget med en svag skjold.Uncut in the original printed wrappers. First and last leaves with a bit of brownspotting. Lower margin of wrapper with a faint damp stain. (2),56,(2) pp., tekstillustrationer.‎

‎Første danske oversættelse af Brahes ""De Nova Stella"". Værket er aldrig blevet oversat i sin helhed, men Gelsted og Thøger Larsen har her oversat værkets astronomiske del for første gang i det 350. år efter dens første udgivelse. First edition of the first Danish translation of any part of Brahe's seminal ""De Nova Stella"" (1573). The work has never been translated in its entirety, but here we have Gelted and Thøger Larsen's excellent translation of the astronomical part of it, published 350 years after its original publication in Latin. This is nr. 122 out of 200 copies that were for sale, being an offprint from ""Atlantis"".‎

Référence libraire : 45598

‎"BRAUN, FERDINAND. - THE DISCOVERY OF SEMICONDUCTOR RECTIFIER EFFECT.‎

‎Ueber die Stromleitung durch Schwefelmetalle.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1874. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands, gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Sechste Reihe Bd. 3, (= Poggendorff Bd. 153). X,636 pp., 4 plates. (Entire volume offered). Braun's paper: pp. 556-563.‎

‎First printing of Brown's importent paper in which he described his discovery of a semiconductor diode, noting that electrical currents flows freely in only one direction at the contact between a metal point and a galena crystal.""In 1874 Braun published the results of his research on mineral metal sulfides. He found that these crystals conducted electric currents in only one direction. This information was important in electrical research and in measuring another property of substances, the electrical conductivity, but Braun’s discovery did not have immediate practical application. In the early twentieth century the principle that Braun had discovered was employed in crystal radio receivers.""(DSB).The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909 was awarded jointly to Guglielmo Marconi and Karl Ferdinand Braun ""in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"".‎

Référence libraire : 49327

‎"BRILLOUIN, LÉON.- THE INDTRODUCTION OF THE ""WKB METHOD"" IN QUANTUM MECHANICS.‎

‎La mécanique ondulatoire de Schrödinger"" une méthode générale de résolution par approximations successives.‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars et Cie, 1926. 4to. Without wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 183, No 1. Pp. (5-) 100. (Entire issue offered). Brillouin's paper: pp. 24-26.‎

‎First appearance of Brillouin's importent paper in which he introduced the WKB-method in quantum Mechanics.""In 1925 Brillouin was the only French theoretician to react competently to Werner Heisenberg’s new matrix mechanics. In two papers published in 1926, he contributed to the exploration of the mathematical content of Heisenberg’s theory. Brillouin’s first contribution in this field was important (the paper offered). Through a new method of semiclassical approximation, he discovered the relation between Schrodinger’s mechanics and the quantum theory of Niels Bohr and Sommerfeld. Presumably inspired by de Broglie’s early analogies between mechanics and optics, he found this approximation as the quantum mechanical counte)t of the approximation. In this procedure, stationary solutions of the Schrödinger equation are sought in the form eiS/h (as in the eikonal approximation of optics). In the first approximation (h small), S must be a solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of classical mechanics, and the Bohr-Sommerfeld conditions (S = 2pnh on a closed trajectory) must be satisfied for the W function to be defined and singlevalued in all space. Subsequent corrections are proportional to successive powers of h. They intermix the various Bohr trajectories. thereby reintroducing the complex interplay of quantum states found in matrix mechanics, This method, published by Brillouin in July 1926 - anticipated by Harold Jeffreys in 1923 in a purely mathematical context, reinvented by Gregor Wentzel in September 1926. and perfected by Hendrik Kramers in November 1926 - is now called the (J) BWK method and is widely used in many quantum mechanical problems.""(DSB).See also Max Jammer ""The Conceptual development of Quantum Mechanics"", pp. 277 ff.‎

Référence libraire : 47142

‎"BROGLIE (DE BROGLIE), LOUIS DE . - DISCOVERY OF THE WAVE THEORY OF MATTER AND CREATION OF WAVE-MECHANICS‎

‎Ondes et quanta. Note de M. Louis de Broglie, présentée par M. Jean Perrin. (Séance du 10 Septembre 1923). (+) Quanta de lumière, diffraction et interférences. Note de M. Louis de Broglie, transmise par M. Jean Perrin. (Séance du 24 Septembre 1923). (...‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars et Cie, 1923. 4to. Bound in one contemp. full buckram. Spines gilt and with gilt lettering. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 177. Bound with orig. printed front-wrapper to No. 1, half-title and title-page to vol. 177. 1513 pp. (Entire volume offered). De Broglie's papers: pp. 507-510, pp. 548-551 a. pp. 630-32. Clean and fine. A punched stamp on foot of title-page.‎

‎First edition of these papers which ESTABLISHED A NEW ERA IN PHYSICS by introducing the epochal new principle that particle-wave duality should apply not only to radiation but also to matter and thus CREATING QUANTUM MECHANICS. These 3 papers were extended to form his doctoral thesis of 1924 ""Recherches sur la Théorie des Quanta.""De Broglie relates ""After long reflection in solitude and meditation, I suddenly had the idea, during the year 1923, that the discovery made by Einstein in 1905 should be generalized by extending it to all material particles and notably to electrons"" (Preface to his PhD thesis 1924).""He made the leap in his September 10, 1923, paper: E=hv should hold not only for photons but also for electrons, to which he assigns a 'fictitious associated wave'. In his September 24 paper, he indicated the direction in which one 'should seek experimental confirmations of our ideas': a stream of electrons traversing an aperture whose dimensions are small compared with the wavelenght of the electron waves 'should show diffraction phenomena' .""(Pais ""Subtle is the Lord"", pp. 425-436).In the third paper (October 8) he discusses ""The interplay between the propagation of the particle and of the waves could be expressed in more formal terms as an identity between the fundamental variational principles of Pierre de Fermat (rays), and Pierre Louis Maupertuis (particles) as de Broglie discussed it further in his last communication . Therein he also considered some thermodynamic consequences of his generalized wave-particle duality. He showed in particular how one could, using Lord Rayleigh’s 1900 formula for the number of stationary modes for phase waves, obtain Planck’s division of the mechanical phase space into quantum cells.Louis de Broglie achieved a worldwide reputation for his discovery of the wave theory of matter, for which he received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1929. His work was extended into a full-fledged wave mechanics by Erwin Schrödinger and thus contributed to the creation of quantum mechanics. After an early attempt to propose a deterministic interpretation of his theory, de Broglie joined the Copenhagen school’s mainstream noncausal interpretation of the quantum theory.""(DSB).""This idea [i.e. de Broglie's that matter might behave as waves] was tested and confirmed by Davisson and Germer in 1927... Thus the duality of both light and matter had been established, and physicists had to come to terms with fundamental particles which defied simple theories and demanded two sets of 'complementary' descriptions, each applicable under certain circumstances, but incompatible with one another."" (Printing and the Mind of Man, 417).‎

Référence libraire : 49718

‎"BROGLIE (DEBROGLIE), LOUIS de. - DISCOVERY OF THE WAVE THEORY OF MATTER AND CREATION OF WAVE-MECHANICS.‎

‎Ondes et quanta. Note de M. Louis de Broglie, présentée par M. Jean Perrin. (Séance du 10 Septembre 1923). (+) Quanta de lumière, diffraction et interférences. Note de M. Louis de Broglie, transmise par M. Jean Perrin. (Séance du 24 Septembre 1923). (...‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars et Cie, 1923. 4to. Bound in 2 contemp. full cloth. Spines gilt and with gilt lettering. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 177. With htitle a. titlepage. 1513 pp. (Entire volume offered). De Broglie's papers: pp. 507-510, pp. 548-551 a. pp. 630-32. Clean and fine. A stamp to verso of titlepage.‎

‎First edition of these papers which ESTABLISHED A NEW ERA IN PHYSICS by introducing the epochal new principle that particle-wave duality should apply not only to radiation but also to matter and thus CREATING QUANTUM MECHANICS. These 3 papers were extended to form his doctoral thesis of 1924 ""Recherches sur la Théorie des Quanta.""De Broglie relates ""After long reflection in solitude and meditation, I suddenly had the idea, during the year 1923, that the discovery made by Einstein in 1905 should be generalized by extending it to all material particles and notably to electrons"" (Preface to his PhD thesis 1924).""He made the leap in his September 10, 1923, paper: E=hv should hold not only for photons but also for electrons, to which he assigns a 'fictitious associated wave'. In his September 24 paper, he indicated the direction in which one 'should seek experimental confirmations of our ideas': a stream of electrons traversing an aperture whose dimensions are small compared with the wavelenght of the electron waves 'should show diffraction phenomena' .""(Pais ""Subtle is the Lord"", pp. 425-436).In the third paper (October 8) he discusses ""The interplay between the propagation of the particle and of the waves could be expressed in more formal terms as an identity between the fundamental variational principles of Pierre de Fermat (rays), and Pierre Louis Maupertuis (particles) as de Broglie discussed it further in his last communication . Therein he also considered some thermodynamic consequences of his generalized wave-particle duality. He showed in particular how one could, using Lord Rayleigh’s 1900 formula for the number of stationary modes for phase waves, obtain Planck’s division of the mechanical phase space into quantum cells.Louis de Broglie achieved a worldwide reputation for his discovery of the wave theory of matter, for which he received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1929. His work was extended into a full-fledged wave mechanics by Erwin Schrödinger and thus contributed to the creation of quantum mechanics. After an early attempt to propose a deterministic interpretation of his theory, de Broglie joined the Copenhagen school’s mainstream noncausal interpretation of the quantum theory.""(DSB).""This idea [i.e. de Broglie's that matter might behave as waves] was tested and confirmed by Davisson and Germer in 1927... Thus the duality of both light and matter had been established, and physicists had to come to terms with fundamental particles which defied simple theories and demanded two sets of 'complementary' descriptions, each applicable under certain circumstances, but incompatible with one another."" (Printing and the Mind of Man, 417).‎

Référence libraire : 46949

‎"BROWN, ROBERT. - THE DISCOVERY OF ""BROWNIAN MOTION""‎

‎Mikroskopische Beobachtungen über die im Pollen der Pflanzen enthaltenen Partikeln, und über das allgemeine Vorkommen activer Molecüle in organischen und unorganischen Körpern"" (Unterdem Titel: ""A brief Account of Microscopical Observations made in th...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1828. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 14, Zweites Stück. (=Jahrgang 1828, zehntes Stück). Pp. 191-306 a. 3 engraved plates. (the entire issue offered (Heft 2) together with the titlepage to 14. Band). Brown's paper: pp. 294-313. Clean and fine. Small stamp on verso of titlepage.‎

‎First appearance in German of this monumental paper in atomic theory and kinematics, as it was the first evidence for atomism that was an observation rather than a deduction from abstract principles.""In 1827 as he was viewing a suspension of pollen in Water under the microscope, he noted that the individual grains were moving about irregularly. This, he thought, was the result of the life hidden within the pollen grains. However, when he studied dye particles (indubitably nin-livin) suspended in water, he found the same erratic motion. This has been called ""Brownian motion"" ever since and Brown could merely report on the observation. He had no explanation for it. Nor had anyone else until the development of the kinetic theory of gases by men such as Maxwell a generation later. It seemed plain. after Maxwell and especially after the work of Einstein and Perrin a half century after Maxwell, that the Brownian Motion was actually a visible effect of the fact that water was composed of particles. It was the first evidence for atomism that was an observation rather than a deduction."" (Asimov).The issue contains other importent papers by C.. Naumann, G. Magnus, Th. Saussure ""Kohlensäuregas in der Atmosphäre"" andothers.PMM: 290 (the English paper from 1828) - Sparrow, Milestones of Science No 31. - Magie ""A Source Book in Physics p. 251-255. - Dibner, Heralds of Science No 156.‎

Référence libraire : 43318

‎"BUGGE, THOMAS. - ON THE COMET OF 1807.‎

‎Betragtninger over Cometer i almindelighed og Observationer paa Comten i October, November og December 1807.‎

‎(København, S. Popp, 1810). 4to. Uden omslag som udkommet i Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter. (79) pp. samt 3 kobberstukne foldeplancher.‎

‎I afhandlingen afbilder den ene planche af stjernehimlen kometens bane, som den blev iagttaget i København fra begyndelsen af oktober 1807. Blandt de detaljerede beregninger og beskrivelser af kometen indeholder afhandlingen også en paragraf hvori Bugge forsøger at eliminere frygten for de skadevirkninger kometen kunne forsage. Om sandsynligheden for et sammenstød med Jorden skriver Bugge:""man kan vædde Qvadratet ef et uendeligt stort Tal imod een, at Jordens Sammenstød med en Comet ej nogensinde vil indtræffe.""‎

Référence libraire : 35978

‎"BUNSEN, ROBERT & HENRY E. ROSCOE. - THE LAWS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTION.‎

‎Photo-chemical Researches. - Part IV. Received May 26 - Read May 26, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1860). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part II. Pp. 879-926. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance in English of a classic paper in the investigations of chemical reactions produced by lightrays. Their joined work - from 1855-59 - founded scientific photochemistry, by determining the phenomena of induction, deduction and extinction. They found that the beginning of light reaction takes place at first very slowly and that the velocity increases gradually until it attains a constant value, observing also that steam accelerates the action and that air retards it. They also gave proofs of the ""Law of Reciprocity‎

Référence libraire : 42633