‎Thé‎

‎"DEBYE, PETER. - THE DEBYE MODEL.‎

‎Zur Theorie der spezifischen Wärmen.‎

‎(Leipzig, Barth), 1912. No wrappers. In: ""Annalen der Phsyik"", 4th series, vol. 39, No. 14. Pp. 705-896 (entire issue offered). debye's paper: pp. 789-839. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition""In his second outstanding paper (the offered item) Debye treated a solid as a system of vibrating atoms and modified Einstein's theory of specific heats, which had been only partially successful. He showed that the solid could be characterized by a complete spectrum of eigen-frequencies and that the specific heat of a monatomic solid was a universal function of the ratio theta/T, were theta is a tempature characteristic of the particular solid and T is the absolute tempature. Now commonly called the Debye temperature, theta could be calculated from the elastic constants of the solid. The Debye equation, involving the then recently developed quantum theory, gave agreement with observed specific heat values. Aside from a numerical factor, it differed from the Einstein equation in containg both the compressibility and and Poisson's ratio."" - Dictionary of Scientific Biography, volume 3, p.619.‎

Référence libraire : 49780

‎"DIRAC, P.A.M. (PAUL ADRIEN MAURICE). - THE RADIATION THEORY, THE BIRTH OF QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS‎

‎The Quantum Theory of Emission and Absorption of Radiation. (+) The Quantum Theory of Dispersion. (2 Papers).‎

‎London, Harrison And Sons, Ltd., 1927. Royal8vo. Contemp. full cloth. A small stamp on verso of titlepage. In: ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"", Series A, Vol. 114. VI,IX,748 pp. (entire volume offered). Dirac's papers: pp. 243-265 a. pp. 710-728. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of these milestone papers in Quantum Physics, constituting the first step in Quantum Field Theory and the invention of the Second Quantifization Method. By these papers Dirac ""gave the foundation for that theory, quantum electrodynamics""(Pais).""A New Radiation Theory. Dirac liked his transformation theory because it was the outcome of a planned line of research and not a fortuitous discovery. He forced his future investigations to fit it. The first results of this strategy were almost miraculous. First came his new radiation theory, in February 1927, which quantized for the first time James Clerk Maxwell’s radiation in interaction with atoms. Previous quantum-mechanical studies of radiation problems, except for Jordan’s unpopular attempt, retained purely classical fields. In late 1925 Jordan had applied Heisenberg’s rules of quantization to continuous free fields and obtained a light-quantum structure with the expected statistics (Bose Einstein) and dual fluctuation properties. Dirac further demonstrated that spontaneous emission and its characteristics—previously taken into account only by special postulates—followed from the interaction between atoms and the quantum field. Essential to this success was the fact that Dirac’s transformation theory eliminated from the interpretation of the quantum formalism every reference to classical emitted radiation, contrary to Heisenberg’s original point of view and also to Schrödinger’s concept of ? as a classical source of field.This work was done during Dirac’s visit to Copenhagen in the winter of 1927. Presumably to please Bohr, who insisted on wave-particle duality and equality, Dirac opposed the ""corpuscular point of view"" to the quantized electromagnetic ""wave point of view."" He started with a set of massless Bose particles described by symmetric ? waves in configuration space. As he discovered by’ playing with the equations, ’ this description was equivalent to a quantized Schrödinger equation in the space of one particle"" this’ second quantization’ was already known to Jordan, who during 1927 extended it into the basic modern quantum field representation of matter. Dirac limited his use of second quantization electromagnetic to radiation: to establish that the corpuscular point of view, once brought into this form, was equivalent to the wave point of view.""(DSB).‎

Référence libraire : 47023

‎"DIRICHLET, G. LEJEUNE. - THE INTRODUCTION OF THE ""DIRICHLET SERIES""‎

‎Recherches sur diverses applications de L'Analyse infinitésimale à la Théorie des Nombres. Premiere - Seconde artie. (2 Papers).‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1839-40. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from: ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik. Hrsg. von A.L. Crelle"", Bd. 19 a. Bd. 21, pp. 324-369 a. pp. 1-12.. 4 leaves in part 1 with browning, due to the poor paperquality.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which he introduces the ""Dirichlet series"", applicating analysis to the theory of numbers. The paper is especially known for its central use of the limiting proces.‎

Référence libraire : 41972

‎"DRAPER, (JOHN) WILLIAM. - THE FIRST DAGUERREOTYPE PORTRAIT.‎

‎On the Process of Daguerreotype, and its application to taking Portraits from the Life.‎

‎London, Richard and John Taylor, 1840. Contemp. hcalf. A nic to spine at upper hinge. Hinges weakening (not loose). Gilt lettering to spine ""Philosophical Magazine"" - Vol.XVII. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Conducted by David Brewster et al."". Vol. XVII. A stamp to titlepage and a few other pages. Entire volume offered. VIII,552 pp. Draper'spaper: pp. 217-225.‎

‎First printing of the famous paper in which Draper relates how he was able to made the first photographic portrait on a daguerreotype plate, giving an ennormously long exposure. The subject of the portrait, Draper's assistant, powdered his face with flour and sat in front of the camera for a half hour facing the sunlight.Draper stated that it is possible to make portraits in full sunlight, using mirrors as light reflectors. ""But in the reflected sunshine, the eye cannot support the effulgence of the rays. It is therefore necessary to pass them through some blue medium, which shall abstract from them their heat and take away their offensive brilliancy. Ihave used for this purpose blue glass, and also ammoniaco-sulphate of copper, contained in a large trough of plate glass, the interstice being about an inch thick."" (p. 217 in the paper offerd).""Draper first achieved wide celebrity for his pioneering work in photography. As early as 1837, while still in Virginia, he had followed the example of Wedgwood and Davy in making temporary copies of objects by the action of light on sensitized surfaces. When the details of Daguerre’s process for fixing camera images were published in various New York newspapers on 20 September 1839, Draper was ready for the greatest remaining challenge, to take a photographic portrait. A New York mechanic, Alexander S. Wolcott, apparently won the race by 7 October. But if Draper knew of this, he persisted in his own experiments and succeeded in taking a portrait not later than December 1839. His communication to the Philosophical Magazine, dated 31 March 1840, was the first report received in Europe of any photographer’s success in portraiture. The superb likeness of his sister Dorothy Catharine, taken not later than July 1840, with an exposure of sixty-five seconds, seems to be the oldest surviving photographic portrait.""(DSB).The volume contains also Michael Faraday's importent letter to Gay-Lussac on induction in the first English version. ""On Magneto-electric induction."", pp. 281-89 a. pp.356-366. (Originally published in French in ""Annales de Chimie et Physique"" in 1832.‎

Référence libraire : 46912

‎"DUFAY (DU FAY), CHARLES FRANCOIS DE CISTERNAY. - THE DISCOVERY OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CHARGE OF ELECTRICITY.‎

‎Premier- (Quatrième) Mémoire sur L'Électricitè. (1. Histoire de L'Électricité. 2. Quels sont les Corps qui sont susceptibles d'Électricité. 3. Des Corps qui sont le plus vivement attirés par les matiéres électriques, & de ceux qui sont les plus p...‎

‎(Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1735). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1733"". Pp. 23-39, pp. 73-84, pp. 233-254 a. 1 engraved plate, pp. 457-476. With titlepage to the volume (1733/1735). Margins of titlepage with a few brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of these milestone papers in the histroy of electricity in which Dufay explains his discovery of two kinds of electricity and the relation between them, attraction and repulsion, shocks and sparking, and the full recognition of electrostatic repulsion. He formulates the two-fluid theory of electricity. He further showed that ""not all bodies can become electrified themselves"" (by friction) and went on to show, ""that they can all acquire a considerable (electrical) virtue when the tube (of rubbed) glass), wood, metals or liquids are brought near them,"", provided only that they are insulated by beiing stood on ""a support of glass or of sealing-wax"".Dufay ""TRANSFORMED A COLLECTION OF MISCELLANEOUS WEEDS INTO THE FIRST GARDEN OF EUROPE"" (Heilbron)""Dufay's substantive discoveries - ACR, the two electricities, shocks and sparking - are but one aspect, and perhaps not the most significant, of his achievement. His insistence on the impiortence of the subject, on the universal character of electricity, on the necessity of organizing, digesting and regulariizing known facts before grasping new ones, all helped to introduce order and professionel standards into the study of electricity at precisely the moment when the accumulation of data began to require them. He foundthe subject a record of often capricious, disconnected phenomena, the domain of the polymaths, textbook writers, and prfesional lecturers, and left a body of knowledge that invited and rewarded prolonged scrutinity from serious physicists."" (Heilbron ""Electricity in the 17 & 18 Centuries"", p. 260).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1734 P - Ronalds Library, p. 145. - Not in Wheeler Gift Cat.‎

Référence libraire : 46590

‎"DULONG, (PIERRE) & (ALEXIS) PETIT. - THE ""LAW OF DULONG AND PETIT"" THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ATOMIC WEIGHT AND ATOMIC HEAT ESTABLISHED.‎

‎Recherches Sur la Mesure des Températures et sur les Lois de la communication de la chaleur. Introduction. (+) Suite des Recherches sur la Mesure des Témperatures..... Seconde Partie. Des Lois du Refroidissement. (+) Suite Des Recherches sur la Mesure...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1817 a. 1819. Bound in one contemp hcloth (vol. 7) and 1 issue without wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Vol. 7 and vol. 10, Cahier 4. - 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates (entire vol. 7 offered) + pp. 337-443 a. 2 engraved plate (entire issue offered, Cahier 4 of vol. 10 with htitle to the vol.). Dulon & Petit's papers: pp. 113-154, pp. 225-264, pp. 337-367 and Vol. X, pp. 395-413.‎

‎First edition of these 4 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT, i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory. ""In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began"" it produced three importent memoirs on heat."" (the papers offered here). The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the ""Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""""They (Dulang and Petit) were concerned with the specific heats of elements"" but if these elements really existed as atoms, it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount."" (DSB). ""One of his (Dulong) most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit (1791-1820), with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant (1819). It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights, especially when these were in question, and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules."" (Leicester & Klickstein, A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 273). Parkinson, Breakthroughs (1819).‎

Référence libraire : 47356

‎"DUMAS, J. (JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRÉ). - FORESHADOWING THE PERIODIC TABLE.‎

‎Mémoire sur les Équivalents des Corps simples. Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 9 novembre 1857 et le 27 decembre 1858.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1859. No wrappers as extracted from ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", Tome 55, Troisieme Série. Titlepage to tome 55, pp. 129-210 a. 1 folded engraved plate. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Dumas's importent lecture on the chemical equivalents of the elements in which he attempts to prove that all elements is multiples of the hydrogen atom, Prout's thesis.""He also published two papers (the present) in which he tried to develop the view that for the classifications of the elements it was possible to discover 'generating' relations similar to thosee defining the series of organic compounds. The elements could be divided into 'natural families'. The atomic weights of all the members of the same family were linked by a simple arithmetic relationship"" they increased by multiples of sixteen.""(DSB IV, p.247). - Neville p. 397.‎

Référence libraire : 43466

‎"DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRÈ - ANNOUNCING THE LAW OF SUBSTITUTION.‎

‎Recherches de Chimie organique. Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 13 janvier 1834.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1834. No wrappers, as extracted from: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 56, pp.1-150. With titlepage to vol. 56. Titlepage with some browning to corners and some brownspots. Text with scattered brownnspots.‎

‎First printing of this milestone paper in organic chemistry which marks a very importent step toward a complete structural theory of organic chemistry, THE SUBSTITUTION THEORY.""In 1834 Dumas presented a long paper, ""Recherches de Chimie organique"", to the Academy of Sciences in Paris. In this he described chloroform and chloral and explained the mechanism by which chlorine acted upon ethyl alcohol. The paper was published soon afterwards (as offered here) and several years later was reprinted with the addition in the theoretical part of Dumas's theory of metalepsy.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 320 ff.). - Parkinson ""Breakthrough"" 1834 C. - Partington IV, pp. 360 ff.‎

Référence libraire : 43539

‎"DUPERREY, L.I. - MAPPING THE GILBERT ISLANDS.‎

‎Notice sur la Configuration de l'équateur magnétique, conclue des observations faites dans la campagne de la Corvette la Coquille.‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1830). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" 2e Series, Tome 45, Cahier 3. Pp. 337-448 a. 1 engraved map (entire issue offered). Duperrey's paper: pp. 371-386. Text with scattered brownspots. Map with a small closed tear in lower left corner, otherwise fine.The map: ""Configuration de LÉquateur Magnétique.... faites dans la campagne de la Corvette de S.M. la Coquille, pendent les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Par M.L.I. Duperrey Commandant de L'Expedition"" Left: Dressée par L.I. Duperrey, en 1829. Right corner: Gravée par Ambroise Tardieu. (29x80 cm. (the map-sheet))‎

‎In 1820, the islands were named the Gilbert Islands or îles Gilbert (in French). Duperrey was the first to put together on a map the whole Gilbert Islands archipelago with the name given to it by Admiral Krusenstern after the British Captain Thomas Gilbert, who crossed the archipelago in 1788. Duperrey commanded La Coquille on its circumnavigation of the earth (1822-1825).‎

Référence libraire : 49607

‎"Edited by the Executive Committee"‎

‎ARENA: NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 1961‎

‎London: Centre for Writers in Exile. 1961. 8vo - over 7¾" - 9¾" tall. F First Edition Used. Paperback. Very Good. ARENA: NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 1961. London P.E.N. Centre for Writers in Exile 1961. "Edited by the Executive Committee". Texts in English French and German. Bibliographical references. Stiff gray wrappers printed black; pictorial upper wrapper slight rubbing to wrappers else very good-fine. Scarce.Contains contributions by Storm Jameson E.G. Kostetsky Romain Rolland Paul Tabori et al.; book reviews etc.; noteworthy for the set of poems by Ukrainian exiles translated into German by various people and the upper wrapper illustration by Feliks Topolski. Centre for Writers in Exile paperback‎

Référence libraire : 0744916

‎"EHLERS, (EDWARD).‎

‎Anden Reise paa Island. Løse Noter. (Særskilt Aftryk af ""Berlingske Tidende"").‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Berlingske Bogtrykkeri, 1895. Lille 8vo. Samtidigt hshirtbd. 128 pp.‎

‎Fiske I,123.‎

Référence libraire : 55532

‎"EHRENBERG, H. (HERMANN) - THE TEXAS REVOLUTION.‎

‎Freiheitskampf in Texas im Jahre 1836. 4 Theile in einem Bande.‎

‎Leipzig, Otto Wigand, 1844. 12mo. Contemp. full cloth. (original ?). Gilt spine. Gilt lettering. Faint remains of a numbering on lower part of spine. Stamp on title-page. (2),IV,293,(1) pp. and (4) pp. of publisher's announcements. Occassionally faint scattered browning.‎

‎First printing under this title, but it is the second edition of the author's ""Texas und seine Revolution"" 1843. It is the best first-hand account of the Texas revolution.Sabin,22072. - Howes E83.‎

Référence libraire : 57501

‎"EINSTEIN, A. & N. ROSEN. - THE SILBERSTEIN-EINSTEIN CONTROVERSY.‎

‎Two-Body Problem in General Relativity Theory.‎

‎Lancaster, American Physical Society, 1936. 4to. In: ""The Physical Review"", Vol. 49, Second Series. X,971 pp. (Entire volume offered). Einstein & Rosen's paper: pp. 404-405.‎

‎First printing of Einstein and Rosen's answer to Silberstein's critique of Einstein's Theory of Relativity ..""Ludwik Silberstein, who initially was a supporter of the special theory, objected at different occasions against general relativity. In 1920 he argued that the deflection of light by the sun, as observed by Arthur Eddington et al. (1919), is not necessarily a confirmation of general relativity, but may also be explained by the Stokes-Planck theory of complete aether drag. However, such models are in contradiction with the aberration of light and other experiments (see ""Alternative theories""). And in 1935, Silberstein claimed to have found a contradiction in the Two-body problem in general relativity. However, also this claim was refuted by Einstein and Rosen (1935) (in the paper offered).""(Wikipedia).‎

Référence libraire : 47073

‎"EINSTEIN, A. - THE SINGULARITY PROBLEM.‎

‎Demonstration of the Non-Existence of Gravitational Fields with a non-vanishing total Mass free of Singularities.‎

‎Tucuman, Argentina, 1941. Royal8vo. Orig. printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Revista. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman"", Series A Matematicas y Fisica Teorica, Vol. 2, Diciembre de 1941, Nos 1 y 2. Pp. 11-15. Fine and clean.‎

‎First edition of a scarce paper in the offprint version. The paper ""represents the basis of the one written by the same author in collaboration with Wolfgang Pauli in 1943, in which, by following analogous lines, the proof of the non-existence of regular particle-type solutions was generalized to the case of cilyndrical geometries in Kaluza-Klein theory (Einstein & Pauli, 1943). Besides, other generalizations were subsequently presented. The (non)-existence of such solutions in classical unified field theory was undoubtedly an important criterion leading Einstein's investigations.""Galvagno and Giribet).""In his search for a unified field theory that could undercut quantum mechanics, Einstein considered five-dimensional classical Kaluza-Klein theory. He studied this theory most intensively during the years 1938-1943. One of his primary objectives was finding a non-singular particle solution. In the full theory this search got frustrated, and in the x5-independent theory Einstein, together with Pauli, argued it would be impossible to find these structures."" (Jeroen van Dongen).Weil: 208. - Boni: 243.‎

Référence libraire : 46477

‎"EINSTEIN, A., L. INFELD, and B. HOFFMANN. - THE ROUND OFF OF GENERAL RELATIVITY - ASSOCIATION COPY.‎

‎The gravitational Equations and the Problem of Motion. (Part I). (Received June 16, 1937). (+) II. (Received May 29, 1939). 2 Papers (Paper II only Einstein and Infeld).‎

‎(Princeton, NJ.), Annals of Mathematics, 1938 a. 1940. Both papers in orig. printed wrappers. Offprints from ""Annals of Mathematics"", Vol. 39, No. 1, january, 1938 and Vol. 41, No. 2, April, 1940. Pp. 65-100 and pp. 455-464. Both clean and fine. This copy has belonged to Abraham Pais (1918-2000) - the famous Einstein scholar, theoretical physicist and Einsteins collegue at Princeton - and having his name on top of both frontwrappers ""A Pais"".‎

‎First editions, in the scarce offprint versions, of Einstein's last and highly important contributions to General relativity, and in which is shown that the equation of motion follows directly from the field equation that defined the geometry.""Einstein's last importent contribution to general relativity deals again with the problem of motion. It is the work done with Leopold Infeld and Banash Hoffmann on the N-body problem of motion. In these papers, the gravitational field is no longer treated as external. Instead, it and the motion of its (singular) sources are treated simultaneously. Anew approximationscheme is introduced in which the fields are no longer necessarily weak but in which the source velocities are small compared with the light velocity .... The equations obtained have found use in situations where Newtonian interaction must be included. '(These equations) are widely used in analyses of planetary orbits in the solarsystem. For example, the Cal Tech Jet Propulsion Laboratory uses them, in modified form, to calculate ephmerides for high-precision tracking of planets and spacecraft.""(Pais ""Subtle is the Lord"", p. 290-91).""The problem of the equation of motion of bodies is the following. The 1916 theory had a classical structure in the sense that there were both field equations (the curvature of space-time is determined by the mass and motion of bodies in space-time) and equations of motion of bodies (the world line of small mass is a geodesic). Are these two statements really separate? If the field equations were linear, they indeed would be. They are not linear, however, and Einstein showed (in the papers offered) that if matter is represented by a point singularity of the metric field, these singularities are located on world lines that are geodesics of space-time, provided its metric satisfies the equation of general relativity.""(DSB).Weil: 202 a. 295 (both with an asterix denoting a major paper). - Boni: 236 a. 236.1.‎

Référence libraire : 46475

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE FIRST EXPLICIT STATEMENT OF THE ENERGY-MASS EQUATION !!‎

‎Über die vom Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie. (On the Inertia of Energy Required by the Relativity Principle).‎

‎Leibzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Slightly rubbed and light wear to spineends. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 23. VIII,1000 pp. a. 4 plates. (The entire volume offered). Einstein's paper: pp.371-384. Stamps on titlepage (Allgemeine Electricitäts-Gesellschaft a. AEG Forschungsinstitut). Internally clean.‎

‎First edition of the first explicit statement of Einstein's energy-mass equation E=mc2.Nearly all descriptions of Einstein's scientific work state that the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 was first formulated in Einstein's 1907 review paper 'Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen.' published in 'Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik' (see Weil no. 21 and Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 4 pp.323 for examples). However, in his paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie' [the offered paper] which predates the former mentioned by six months, Einstein gave a clear statement of the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2. See Lanczos: The Einstein Decade, pp.149-150 and 153 as well as Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.Einstein's first paper regarding the relation E=mc2 is his fourth 1905 paper, 'Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?'. In this short paper Einstein showed that a body releasing the energy E in the form of radiation will have its mass decreased by E/c2, and concluded that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content, e.g., that all energy has mass. The next time Einstein returns to the subject is in his 1906 paper 'Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunkts Bewegung und die Trägheit der Energie.'. Here Einstein concluded that one must either ascribe the inertial mass E/c2 to any form of energy E or else give up the fundamental law mechanics regarding conservation of the motion of the center of gravity. Then finally in the 1907 paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie.' [the offered paper] Einstein makes the decisive step of assuming that all mass has energy. On page 382 Einstein considers the total energy of a moving mass point as the sum of its kinetic energy and its rest energy. In classical mechanics it is most convenient to set the second term to zero but in relativistic mechanics one obtains the simplest expression by setting the rest energy equal to mc2. Einstein then continues to show that this stipulation cannot lead to a contradiction in any relativistic argument. In a footnote on page 382 Einstein states for the first time the equation E=mc2 and mentions that this equation is the expression of the principle of the equivalence of mass and energy - see Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.The volume contains another paper by Einstein ""Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: ""Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flächensatz"""", pp.206-208. - Weil No. 18. Further with 2 importent papers by Max v. Laue.Collected Works, Doc. 45. Weil 19. Boni 19.‎

Référence libraire : 53408

‎"Erik the Black" Asorson‎

‎Pacific Crest Trail Atlas Central California‎

‎Sugar Loaf CA: Blackwoods Press 2009. Rated "fair" due to some tea stains to top outer edges of first pages some minor soiling to other page edges general use-wear and some pencil marking on the inside of the back cover. However the book is complete maps are in good shape with no marking or writing on them and the binding is secure. The book is used but quite servicable. "New & Improved" Maps are in color. Carefully packed for safe shipping. Soft Cover. Good. Blackwoods Press Paperback‎

Référence libraire : 000451

‎"EULER, J. ALBERT. - THE LAW OF BILLIARD TRAJECTORIES - THE PHYSICS OF THE BILLIARD BALL.‎

‎Recherches des Mouvemens d'un Globe sur un Plan horizontal. (1.-) Seond Mémoire. (2 Papers).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1765 u. 1767). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"" 1758, tome XIV a. XVI, pp. 284-353 a. 2 folded engraved plates + pp. 261-284 a. 1 folded engraved plate.‎

‎First printing of Johann Albert Euler's importent paper in which he set forth the so-called ""Theorem of Johann-Albert Euler"", stating that the trajectory of a ball is a parabola followed by a straight line. The eldest son of Leonhard Euler was a prominent geometer in his own right. In 1758, Johann-Albert Euler (1734-1800) published a study of the motion of a sphere on an horizontal plane in the presence of Newtonian friction. His main result would be rediscovered independently by Gaspard Coriolis as part of his authoritative theoretical work on the topic: Théorie mathématique des effets du jeu de billard (1835). Johann Albrecht Euler, born in St. Petersburg 1732 was a Swiss-Russian astronomer and mathematician and he was the first child born to the great Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler.‎

Référence libraire : 45862

‎"EULER, LEONHARD - THE PRINCIPLE OF LEAST ACTION‎

‎Harmonie entre les Principes generaux de repos et de Mouvement de M. de Maupertuis.‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1753). 4to. No wrappers, as extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", tome VII, pp. (167-)198.and 2 folded engraved plates.‎

‎First printing of this memoir in which Euler tries to show that the ""harmony"" between Maupertuis' Law of rest, which he formulated for any system of bodies attracted by forces, is a generalization of his own Principle of least Action.‎

Référence libraire : 41693

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - DEVELOPING THE TURBINE THEORY.‎

‎Recherches sur l'effet d'un machine hydraulique proposée par M. Segner, professeur à Goettingue. (Research concerning the effects of a hydraulic machine proposed by M. Segner, professor at Gottingen)‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1752). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", tome VI, Année 1750. Pp. 311-354 and 5 folded engraved plates.‎

‎First edition. In this importent paper Euler perfection Segner's hydraulic turbine, giving the theory of hydraulic turbines created in accordence with the principle of action and reaction.""In this work, Euler gives a complete hydraulic analysis, an early example of the theory of relative motion. He also shows that very high speeds are necessary for good efficiency. He argues that ""by means of fixed conducting tubes, adjust the incoming velocity of the water so that the speed of efflux relative to the rotor is zero"" in this way, the theorietical efficiency will be 100% at the desired speed of operation.""""(Truesdell).Enestroem: 179.‎

Référence libraire : 49696

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - INTRODUCING ""THE EULER CONSTANT"" AND ""THE FUNCTION NOTATION""‎

‎De Linea celerrimi descensus in Medio qvocunqve resistente. (On the curve of fastest descent in whatever resistent medium). (+) De progressionibus harmonicis observationes. (On harmonic progressions). (+) De infinitis curvis iusdem generis seu methodu...‎

‎(Petropoli, St. Petersburg, Typis Academiae, 1740). 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Classes Prima continens Mathematica. Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae"", Tomus VII ad Annum 1735, &..... Euler's papers: pp. 135-149, 150-161, 174-183 a. 184-200 and 2 engraved plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of 4 importent early papers by Euler. Enestroem: E42, E43, E44 a. E45.E42: This is Euler's second paper on the ""Brachistochrone problem"".E43. Here Euler introduces THE EULER CONSTANT. ""The Euler-Mascheroni constant (also called Euler's constant) is a mathematical constant recurring in analysis and number theory, usually denoted by the lowercase Greek letter gamma.""E44: ""This is an extensive paper that develops a method for finding a family of curves arising from the constant of integration of dz = Pdx, which is treated as the second variable"" the rudiments of partial differentiation are presented, and there is an extensive survey of homogeneous functions centred around what is now know as Euler's Theorem for such functions. The origins of this paper would seem to be Proposition 15 of Vol. 2 of the Mechanica, relating to families of tautochronous curves, where an integration relying on Euler's Theorem is required."" (Ian Bruce).E45: Here Euler introduces the FUNCTION NOTATION f(x). ""This is an equally extensive paper that continues the development of methods for finding a family of curves arising from the constant of integration of dz = Pdx, which is treated as the second variable. A method is developed for finding the modular equation for the first order equation that is extended to cover a number of cases"" this in turn is extended to second and higher orders. The method involves finding suitable functions to integrate, starting from a part of the modular equation that is integrable, so that the whole equation is of this form. This paper is noteworthy in addition as it seems to be the first in which the function notation, albeit in a slightly different form from the modern meaning, is introduce. I have not been able to check all the equations at this stage.""(Ian Bruce).This section also contains DANIEL BERNOULLI: Demonstrationes theorematum svorum de oscillationibus corporum filo flexili connexorum et catenae verticaliter suspensae. Pp. 162-173.‎

Référence libraire : 50926

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - ON THE PRINCIPLE OF LEAST ACTION.‎

‎Réfléxions sur quelques Loix génerales de la Nature qui s'observent dans les Effets des Forces quelconques. (Reflection on some general laws of nature which are observed in the effects of random forces).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1750). 4to. No wrappers as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"" Tome IV, Année 1748. Pp. (189-) 218 and 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First appearance of this paper, in which Euler proves that given the static principle, he can derive the equilibrium conditions for a fluid, and from these, he obtains the integrability conditions for a ""Pfaffian"" form in three variables. He also looks at the equilibrium of a weight suspended from three elastic cords by looking, via analogy, to a special case of the problem for fluids.""In his 1748 paper, Euler in ""Reflexions sur quelques loix generales de la nature.."" starts by declaring his commitment to the least-action principle. His expression corresponds to what we would now call potential energy, so that his statement of least action (formulated by Maupertuis in 1746) in statics is equivalent to the principle that a system of bodies at rest will adopt a configuration that minimizes total potential energy. Euler called this quantity ""effort"".""Enestrom: E 146.‎

Référence libraire : 45871

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - THE EULER-FERMAT THEOREM PROVED.‎

‎De Superficie Conorum Scalenorum, aliorumqve corporum conicorum. (On the surface of scalene cones and of other conic bodies). (+) Theoremata circa divisores numerorum. (Theorems on divisors of numbers). (2 papers by Euler).‎

‎(Petropoli (St. Petersbourg), 1750). 4to. Uncut, without wrappers. Extracted from ""Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae"", Tom. I. ad Annum 1747 et 1748. Pp. 3-19 a. 1 engraved plate., and pp. 20-48.‎

‎First printing of both papers. The second is important as it contains Euler'is second proof of the Euler-Fermat theorem, which Euler presents as a consequence of the theorem that (a+b)p = ap+bp (mod p). This paper also includes results about possible divisors of a2n + b2n, and Euler uses this to show again that F5 is not prime. - Enestroem No. 133 a. 134.‎

Référence libraire : 42900

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - THE KOENIG-MAUPERTUIS CONTROVERSY.‎

‎Examen de la dissertation de M. le Professeur Koenig, inseree dans les actes de Leipzig, pour le mois de mars 1751. (Examination of the dissertation of Professor Koenig inserted into the Acts of Leipzig for the month of March 1751) (+) Essay d'une D...‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1753). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", tome VII, Année 1751. Pp. 221-245 and pp. 246-254 a. 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First editions. The first paper concerns the Argument over the principle of least action, relating to the famous controversy - and one of the ugliest scientific controversies - between Koenig and Maupertuis. ""In 1751 a sensational new argument began when S. König published some critical remarks on Maupertuis’s principle of least action (1744) and cited a letter of Leibniz in which the principle was, in König’s opinion, formulated more precisely. Submitting to Maupertuis, the Berlin Academy rose to defend him and demanded that the original of Leibniz’ letter (a copy had been sent to König from Switzerland) be presented. When it became clear that the original could not be found, Euler published, with the approval of the Academy, ""Exposé concernant l’examen de la lettre de M. de Leibnitz"" (1752), where, among other things, he declared the letter a fake. The conflict grew critical when later in the same year Voltaire published his Diatribe du docteur Akakia, médecin du pape, defending König and making laughingstocks of both Maupertuis and Euler.""(DSB) - Enestrom No. 199.The second paper - Enestrom No. 200.‎

Référence libraire : 49695

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - THE OPTICAL THEORY OF COMPOUND LENSES FOR TELESCOPES AND MICROSCOPES.‎

‎Régles générales pour la Construction des telescopes et de Microscopes, de quelque nombre de Verres qu'ils soient composés. (Rules for the construction of telescopes and microscopes).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1759). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres"", Année 1757, tome XIII, pp. a. 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First printing of an importent paper in which Euler shows how to manufacture catoptrical telescopes and microscopes in accordance with general rules and founded on his own experiments. - The calculation concerning light ray aberrations, brought about due to the sphericty of the glass, is a masterpiece of analysis of the highest order and he also incorporates the mathematical theory of achromatic combination of lenses, which was first realized by Dollond in the same year, 1757.‎

Référence libraire : 45126