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‎"FRIEDRICH, W., P. KNIPPING, MAX v. LAUE. - THE NATURE OF X RAYS AND THE ATOMIC STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALS.‎

‎Inteferenzerscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen. (+ M. Laue:) Eine quantitative Prüfung der Theorie für die Inteferenzerscheinungen bei Röntgenstrahlen. (+ M. Laue und F. Tank:) Die gestalt der Interferenzpunkte bei den Röntgenstrahlinterferenzen. (3 pape...‎

‎(Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1913). Without wrappers in ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 41, No.10. The entire issues offered. Pp. 873-1064 a. 6 plates. Laue's papers: pp. 971-988, pp. 989-1002 a. pp. 1003-1011. With the 5 famous plates in collotype (reproductions of the photographic plates), showing the X-Ray diffraction spectrum of different salt and substances (The ""Laue diagram"").‎

‎These papers represents the first full exposition of Laue's and his co-worker's discovery of the nature of X-Rays. The first two papers were printed the year before in ""Münchener Sitzungsberichte"", but finds their final form here and with the experimental confirmation by Laue and Tank. He showed that the regular spacing of the atoms in a crystal can serve as a grating of the desired precision, and he measures the wave-lenght of the X-rays.That crystals might be the appropriate grating for the X-rays proved to be well founded when Knipping, Friedrich and Tank found experimental confirmation of the theory.""It was in 1895 that Röntgen discovered a new form of radiation, to which, as its nature was so uncertain, he gave the name of the X-ray.....It was not until 1912, when von Laue showed it could be diffracted like ordinary light, that it was recognized with certainty as an ether wave of extremely short wave-lenght.Laue used a crystal for his diffraction grating...The X-ray is therefore identical with with light in respect to its nature, but differs greatly in quality: a state of things which is very favourable to an extension of our general knowledge of such radiations.""(William Bragg in ""The Universe of Light"", pp. 228 ff.).""It was the work of Laue and the experiments done by Friedrich and Knipping on his suggestion that cleared up the nature of X rays once and for all and that, moreover, beautifully demonstrated that crystals are composed of atoms arranged in a regular lattice......As in the case of Röntgen's original discovery, the photographs were extremely convincing. Other researchers immediately were attracted by the new field of X-ray spectroscopy and the discoveries by the Braggs and Mosely soon followed.""(Siegmund Brandt ""The harvest of a Century"", Episode 20, p. 80 ff.).""The awarding of the Nobel Prize in physics for 1914 to Laue indicated the significance of the discovery that Albert Einstein called ""ONE OF THE MOST BEAUTIFUL IN PHYSICS"". Subsequently it was possible to investigate X radiation itself by means of wavelenght determinations as well as to study the structure of the irradiated material. In the truest sense of the word scientists began to cast light on the structure of matter.""(DSB VIII, p. 51).PMM: 406 (the first 2 papers in Münchener Sitzungsberichte).The offered issue of ""Annalen"" contains also an importent paper by P. DEBYE & A. SOMMERFELD: ""Theorie des lichtelektrischen Effektes vom Standpunkt des Wirkungsquantums"", pp. 873-930‎

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‎"FUMOUZE, ARMAND. - THE SPANISH FLY.‎

‎De la Cantharide Officinale.‎

‎Paris, Germer Baillière, 1867. 4to. Orig. printed wrappers. Backstrip partly gone. (4),58 pp. and 5 lithographed plates, one depicting 7 species of Cantharis handcoloured. Some brownspots to plates.‎

‎This is the authors doctoral thesis ""These de Pharmacie Presentée et soutenue a L'École Superieure de Pharmacie"", dealing with the toxical, poisonous character of these kinds of beetles with the popular name of ""Spanish Fly"". - The Marquis de Sade is claimed to have given aniseed-flavored pastilles that were laced with Spanish fly to prostitutes at an orgy in 1772. He was sentenced to death for poisoning and sodomy, but later reprieved on appeal.‎

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‎"FÆRØERNE - HAMMERSHAIMB, V.U.‎

‎Sjúrdar Kvædi, samlede og besörgede ved V.U. Hammershaimb udgivne af det nordiske Literatur-Samfund.‎

‎Kbhvn., Brødrene Berling, 1851. Ubeskåret med de orig. omslag delvis bevarede (rifter heri med tab). IV,(1),212 pp. Lettere brunplettet.‎

‎"FÆRØERNE - HAMMERSHAIMB, V.U.‎

‎Sjúrdar Kvædi, samlede og besörgede ved V.U. Hammershaimb udgivne af det nordiske Literatur-Samfund.‎

‎Kbhvn., Brødrene Berling, 1851. Ubeskåret med de orig. omslag delvis bevarede (rifter heri med tab). IV,(1),212 pp. Lettere brunplettet.‎

‎Originaludgaven af ""Færøiske Kvæder"", som i 1855 blev suppleret med et ""Andet hefte"".‎

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‎"GADOLIN, JOHAN. - THE FIRST TEXTBOOK IN SCANDINAVIA TO TEACH THE NEW ANTIPHLOGISTIC THEORY.‎

‎Indledning til Chemien.‎

‎Åbo, Frenckellska Boktryckeriet, 1798. Orig. blanke kartonomslag. Håndskrevet rygtitel. Lidt rifter i rygpapiret. (4),150,(2) pp. Lidt spredte brunpletter. De sidste 5 blade med en skjold øverst.‎

‎Originaludgaven. First edition. ""His Inleding till chemien (1798) was the first Swedishlanguage textbook written in the spirit of the new combustion theory. Although he accepted the phlogiston theory early in his career, Gadolin attempted to understand Lavoisier’s ideas. In a paper published in 1788 he tried to define phlogiston and admitted that the French explanation of combustion was superior to some phlogiston theories, but for a long time he was not wholly converted. His lectures always made use of the new chemistry, and he eventually became the spokesman in Scandinavia for Lavoisier’s nomenclature and combustion theory, often encountering Berzelius, opposition.""(DSB).Poggendorff I, 827. - Neville I, p. 496.‎

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‎"GALTON, FRANCIS. - FIRST BOOK OF THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL VARIATION.‎

‎Natural Inheritance.‎

‎London and New York, Macmillan and Co., 1889. Orig. full cloth, uncut. Light wear along edges. Part of hinges neathly repaired. Small tears to spine ends. IX,(4),259,(3) pp. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First edition. - ""By the employment of statistical Methods Galton propounded a ""law of filial regression"". This book represents the first statistical study of biological variation and inheritance.""(Garrison & Morton No. 233). ""The Natural Inheritance was his outcome of his work over the past 15 years on statistical techniques related to genetics. This includes develpment of the concept of correlation coefficients and the formula for the standard error of estimate.""(Parkinson, Breakthroughs).‎

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‎"GALTON, FRANCIS.- THE LAW OF ANCESTRAL HEREDITY.‎

‎The average Contribution of each several Ancestor to the total heritage of the Offspring. Received and Read June 3, 1897.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1897. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Proceedings of the Royal Society"", Vol. 61. Pp. 401-413.‎

‎First printing of Galton's ""Law of ancestral Heredity""Galton's ancestral law states that the two parent contribute between them on average one-half of the total heritage of the offspring, the four grandparents one-quarter, and so on. He interpreted this law both as a representation of the separate contributions of each ancestor to the heritage of the offspring and as a multiple regression formula for predicting the value of a trait from ancestral values.Garrison & Morton: 239.‎

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‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH & NIELS HENRIK ABEL - ANNOUNCING ""THE PRINCIPLE OF LEAST CONSTRAINT"".‎

‎Über ein neues allgemeines Grundgesetz der Mechanik (Gauss) + (Abel:) Précis d'une théorie des fonctions elliptiques + Précis dúne théorie des fonctions elliptiques. (Suite du mémoire 19. cah. dern.). 3 Memoirs.‎

‎(Berlin, G. Reimer, 1829). 4to. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik. Hrsg. von A.L. Crelle"", Bd. 4. - Gauss' paper: pp. 232-35. - Abel's papers: pp. 236-278 and pp. 309-348.‎

‎First printing of probably Gauss' most importent work in physics by presenting his ""Principle of Least Action"" , which states that the motion of a system of points which are influenced both by each other and by outside conditions is such as to maximize the agreement with free motion, given the existent constraint. The work is based on his Potential Theory.""In it (the present paper) Gauss stated that the law of least constraint: the motion of a system departs a little as possible from free motion, where departure, or constraint, is measured by the sum of products of masses times the squares of their deviations from the path of free motion. He presented it merely as a new formulation equivalent to the well-known principle of d'Alembert. This work seems obviously related to the old meditations on least aquares, but Gauss wrote to Olbers on 31 January 1829 thai it was inspired by studies of capillarity and other physical problems."" (Kenneth O. May in DSB).The two papers (first printings) by Abel (book-lenghts memoirs) are his last works - he died 1829 and they were published after his death - on the theory of ""elliptic functions"", the discovery of which he shared with Jacobi. In these papers he mentions also the great discoveries published in his memoir 1826 (Memoire sur une proprieté générale d'un classe très-etendu de fonctions transcendentes), which was not published until 1841.Together with these 3 memoirs is found a paper by Alexander von Humboldt: ""Über die bei verschiedenen Völkern üblichen Systeme von Zahlzeichen und über den Ursprung des Stellenwerthes in den indischen Zahlen"", 1829. Pp. 205-231.‎

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‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH. - THE CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS.‎

‎Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii.‎

‎(Göttingen, Dieterich, 1830). 4to. Partly uncut. Spine closed with paperlabel. In: ""Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis. Classes Mathematica"", Bd. VII. Pp. (39-) 88. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Gauss introduced a new method in the calculus of variations and a mathematical treatment of forces of attraction.Gauss had worked on physics already before 1831, publishing ""Uber ein neues allgemeines Grundgesetz der Mechanik"" , which contained the principle of least constraint, and ""Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii"" which discussed forces of attraction. These papers were based on Gauss's potential theory, which proved of great importance in his work on physics. He later came to believe his potential theory and his method of least squares provided vital links between science and nature.""In 1830 appeared Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii, his one contribution to capillarity and an important paper in the calculus of variations, since it was the first solution of a variational problem involving double integrals, boundary conditions, and variable limits.""(DSB).Dunnington, no. 95.- The memoir was reprinted in Ostwald's Klassiker No. 135.‎

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‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH. - THE METHOD OF LEAST SQUARES IN GERMAN.‎

‎Theorie der Bewegung der Himmelskörper welche in Kegelschnitten die Sonne umlaufen. Ins Deutsche übertragen von Carl Haase. Mit einem Anhange sowie mit einer photographisches Abbildung...Gauss-Medaille...Facsimile der Gauss'schen lateinischen und deut...‎

‎Hannover, Carl Meyer, 1865. 4to. Contemp. modest hcloth. 2 orig. photographs mounted as frontispiece (Gauss-medal). 279,72,(2) pp. 3 plates, 6 tables. Internally clean.‎

‎First German edition of this milestone in mathematical statistics, first published in Latin as ""Theoria motus corporum coelestium in sectinibus conicis solem ambientum. 1809."" - In this work Gauss revealed for the first time his method of least squares. On January 1, 1801, the Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi discovered the planetoid Ceres, but could only observe it for few days before it was lost in the glare of the Sun until the end of the year. After so many months of not being observed it was not possible to calculate with existing methods at which position it should reappear. However Gauss, at an age of 24, astounded when he in December predicted the exact location at which Ceres again could be observed. Gauss did not reveal how he had calculated the orbit of Ceres. First in 1809 Gauss published his second book ""Theoria motus corporum coelestium in sectionibus conicis solem ambientium"" (the offered item) in which he revealed his new method of orbit calculation. In the first part he dealt with differential equations, conic sections and elliptic orbits, while in the second part, the main part of the work, he showed how to estimate and then to refine the estimation of a planet's orbit using a new method involving minimizing the sum of squared residuals, e.g., the method of least squares. He was able to prove the correctness of the method under the assumption of normally distributed errors. It is here that the Gaussian curve, expressing statistical distribution in probablility, makes its appearance. This work, along with the 'Discuisitiones', was the fruit of the triumphal decade in Gauss' life and established his reputation as a mathematical and scientific genius of the first order. Hald: History of Mathematical Statistics 1750-1930, pp.351-357.‎

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‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH) et LOUIS JACQUES THENARD. - THE DISCOVERY OF BORON.‎

‎Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique.‎

‎Paris, Chez Mad. Ve. Bernard, 1808 Contemp. hcalf., gilt spine. Some scratches to binding.. Verso of titlepage and plates with small stamps.In: ""Annales de Chimie"" Vol. 68. - 358 pp. a. 3 engraved plates. (The entire volume offered). Gay-Lussac's a. Thenard's paper: pp. 169-174.‎

‎First announcement of the results that they had obtaines by treating boric acid with potassium, showing that acid is composed of a combustible substance and oxygen. ""Before regarding their proof (of the existance of a new element) as complete Gay-Lussac and Thenard wished not only to decomposed boric acid, but to recompose it. On November 30 of the same year they were able to state in the 'Annales de Chemie et de Physique"" (the paper offered) that ""the composition of boracid s no longer problematical. In fact, said they, ""we decompose and we recompose this acid at will"" (Weeks ""Discovery of the Elements"", p. 160). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1808 C. - Bunch, 1808.The volume contains other importent paper, Davy's famous paper on electrolysis in first French translations, Gayton-Morveau""Description d'un hygrometre pour le gaz..."", d'Arcet ""Observations sur la potasse et sur la soude préparées à l'alcool"" etc.‎

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‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE ""GAY-LUSSAC LAW"" OF EXPANDING GASES ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Recherches sur la dilatation des gaz et des vapeurs, lues à l'Institut National, le 11 pluvióse an 10.‎

‎Paris, Chez Fuchs, An X, (1802). Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Top of spine with wear. A few scratches to binding. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 43. 332,(4) pp., 2 engraved plates (the entire volume offered). Gay-Lussac's paper: pp. 137-175. The first 20 leaves a bit brownspotted, otherwise with a few marginal brownspots. 1 leaf (pp. 197-98) torn with loss of some letters. Gay-Lussac's paper fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of this extremely important discovery, in which Gay-Lussac first formulated the law, Gay-Lussac's Law, stating that if the mass and pressure of a gas are held constant then gas volume increases linearly as the temperature rises. This is sometimes written as V = k T, where k is a constant dependent on the type, mass, and pressure of the gas and T is temperature on an absolute scale. (In terms of the ideal gas law, k = n R / P.).""In 1802 he (Gay-Lussac) showed that different gases all expanded by equal amounts with rise in temperature. Charles had made the same discovery some years earlier but had not published it"" the credit therefore belongs to Gay-Lussac at least as much, and probably more. This was an extremely importent discovery, which Avogadro was to use within the decade to formulate hid long-neglected hypothesis that equal volumes of different gases at equal temperatures contained equal numbers of particles.""(Asimov).Magie ""A Source Book in Physics"", p.165-172 - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book of Chemistry"", p. 374-379. - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1802 C.The volume contains other importent papers in chemistry by Humphrey Davy (first French translation of his announcement of the finding of ""Laughing Gas"" (Nitrous Oxide), Parmentier, Vauquelin, Clement et Desormes, Thenard, Guyton, Chenivix‎

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‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE ""GAY-LUSSAC LAW"" OF EXPANDING GASES ANNOUNCED - GERMAN VERSION.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Ausdehnung der Gasarten und der Dämpfe durch die Wärme. (Vorgelesen im National-Institute am 11ten Pluv. J. 10"" 31sten Jan. 1801. Zusammengezogen aus den Annalen de Chimie t. 43, p. 137-175).‎

‎Halle, Rengerschen Buchhandlung, 1803. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 12. Pp. 257-291 a. 1 folded engraved plate showing the experimental apparatus used.‎

‎First appearance in German of this extremely important paper in which Gay-Lussac first formulated the law, the Gay-Lussac's Law, stating that if the mass and pressure of a gas are held constant, then gas volume increases linearly as the temperature rises. This is sometimes written as V = k T, where k is a constant dependent on the type, mass, and pressure of the gas and T is temperature on an absolute scale. (In terms of the ideal gas law, k = n R / P.).""In 1802 he (Gay-Lussac) showed that different gases all expanded by equal amounts with rise in temperature. Charles had made the same discovery some years earlier but had not published it"" the credit therefore belongs to Gay-Lussac at least as much, and probably more. This was an extremely importent discovery, which Avogadro was to use within the decade to formulate hid long-neglected hypothesis that equal volumes of different gases at equal temperatures contained equal numbers of particles.""(Asimov).Magie ""A Source Book in Physics"", p.165-172 - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book of Chemistry"", p. 374-379. - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1802 C.‎

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‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE ""GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW"" OF COMBINING VOLUMES.‎

‎Ueber die Verbindungen gasförmiger Körper eines mit dem andern. Frei übersetzt von Gilbert. (+) Ueber den salpetersauren Dampf und über das Salpetergas als eudiometrisches Mittel. Frei übersetzt von Gilbert. (2 papers).‎

‎Halle, Rengerschen Buchhandlung, 1810. Without wrappers as published in ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 36, Neuntes Stück. The entire issue offered (=Heft 9). Titlepage to vol. 36. Pp. 1-112. a. 2 engraved plates. Gay-Lussac's papers: pp. 6-36 a. pp. 37-51.‎

‎First German edition of this classic paper in chemistry in which he states the law, that when two gases combine chemically, they do so that the volumes are in the ratio of whole small numbers.""In 1805, with Alexander von Humboldt he observed the already known fact that hydrogen and oxygen combines in the ratio of 2 to 1 by volume. Stimulated by this work he studied the reactions of other gases to see whether there were other simple relationshipas, and in 1808 he announced the la of combining volumes, which is now known as GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW, This generalization, obviously connected with some fundamental property of matter, was in part responsible for Avogadro's hypothesis.""(Leicester & Klickstein).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1809 C. - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"" pp. 292 ff.‎

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‎"GAY-LUSSAC, (JOSEPH). - THE CLASSIC PAPER ON IODINE.‎

‎Mémoire sur l'iode. Lu à l'Institut royal, le 1er. août 1814.‎

‎Paris, Chez Crochard, 1814. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Top of spine with wear. A few scratches to binding. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 91. - 336 pp. a. 1 engraved plate.(the entire volume offered). Gay-Lussac's paper: pp. 5-160. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First printing of Gay-Lussac's classic paper on Iodine, (discovered 1811 by J.C. Courtois), in which he showed that the new substance was an element analogous of chlorine and in which he named the substance Iode, from the Greek ioeides, meaning ""violet colored"".Gay-Lussac's and Davy's rechearches on iodine were carried out simultaneously, which makes it difficult to assaign priority. Gay-Lussac was annoyed at Davy's introsion. His work, however, is considered as a model of experimental research. (Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book of Chemistry"", p. 293).""Gay-Lussac's major publication on iodine was not ready to be read to the Institute until August 1814, by which time not only Davy but Vaquelin had explored the subject fairly extensively. Gay-Lussac, however, deserves full credit for his detailled study of hydrogen iodide, which he found to have a 50 percent hydrogen content by volume. He contrasted its thermal decomposition with the stability of hydrogen chloride. By the action of chlorine and iodine, he pepared, independently of Davy and at about the same time, iodine monochloride and trichloride. After further carefull study of the properties of iodine, he prepared and examined a number of iodides and iodates. He prepared for the first time ethyl iodide by distilling together concentrated hydriodic acid with absolute alcohol. The close analogy that he emphasized between chlorine and iodine led him to further investigation of the former, and he discovered chloric acid by the action of sulfuric acid on a solution of barium chlorate.""(DSB V, pp. 322-23). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1814 C. - Duveen p. 237.The volume contains other importent chemical papers, A. Séguin: ""Premier-Second Mémoire sur le Quinquina"", pp.273-284 a. 304-317 and 3 other papers by him (one together with Lavoisier), by Guyton-Morveau, Payssé, Colin etc.‎

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‎"Generation, The September".‎

‎"Freedoms Answer: When the Twin Towers Fell the Next Generation Rose!"‎

‎Little Moose Press 2003. First Edition. Trade Paperback. Like New. Great book! Clean pages no spine creases & mild shelf wear on cover. Book DescriptionnFreedoms Answer is the story of what teens from across the country accomplished though they were too young to vote and had none of the money that funds the rest of politics. This book chronicles how students of all nationalities religions and political persuasions breathed life into a vision made it real and now it calls readers to action asking them to expand the dream. Little Moose Press paperback‎

Référence libraire : 11529 ISBN : 0972022775 9780972022774

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‎"GERHARDT, CHARLES. - THE ""LADDER OF COMBUSTION"" AND ""HOMOLOGOUS SERIES"".‎

‎Considerations sur les équivalents de quelques corps simples et composés. (2 Parts). + Recherches sur la salicine.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson et Cie, 1843. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 3e Series, tome 7, Fevrier- issue and tome 8 Juin-issue. Entire issues offered. Pp. 129-256 and pp. 129-256. Cerhardt's papers: pp. 129-143 a. pp. 238-245. The salicine-paper: pp. 215-229 (tome 7). With halftitlepages to vol. 7 and 8.‎

‎First appearance of Gerhardt's first papers on the new concept of ""homology"", perhaps his most notable contribution to organic chemistry.""Gerhardt’s most conspicuous contribution to the developemfent of organic chemistry was his homologous series. His earliest publications were characterized by attempts to arrange organic compounds in series of increasing complexity: his ""ladder of combustion,"" rising from water and carbon dioxide at the foot to albumin and fibrin at the summit, was analogue of the biologists’ ladder of nature, another biological analogy was to underlie the application of his homologous series when they were refined in 1843: Gerhardt presupposed a principle of plenitude in organic chemistry which dictated that hitherto undocumented members of any series must exist. In addition, the concept of homology itself was of biological origin, deriving from Cuvier. For Gerhardt, however, it did not carry that structural connotation which it had for Cuvier. On this subject Gerhardt, simply asserted: ""We call substances homologues when they exhibit the same chemical properties and when there are analogies in the relative proportions of their elements."" (DSB).‎

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‎"GERHARDT, CHARLES. - THE CHEMICAL ""THEORY OF RESIDUES"".‎

‎Sur la Constitution des Sels organiques à Acides complexes, et leurs Rapports avec les Sels ammoniacaux.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1839. Entire October-issue with original printed yellow wrappers (wrappers loose). In:""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 72, Series 2. (Entire volume octobre-issue offered). Pp. 113-(222). Gerhardt's paper: pp. 184-214.Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of a classic paper in organic chemistry in which Gerhardt breaks with the conceptions of dualism and pre-existing radicals, and sets forth his ""Theory of Residues"". The October-issue also contains Gerhards paper ""Recherches chimiques sur l'Hellénine"", pp. 163-183. (A subject for his doctoral thesis in 1840). ""A new aspect was given to the substitution-type theory by Gerhardt, who explained the formation of organic compounds as due to ""pairing"" or ""copulation"" of residues.""(Findlay ""A Hundred years of Chemistry"" p. 30 ff).‎

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‎"GERHARDT, CHARLES. - THE FORMATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.‎

‎Recherches chimiques sur l'Hellénine. (+) Sur la Constitution des Sels organiques à Acides complexes, et leurs Rapports avec les Sels ammoniacaux. (2 Papers).‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1839) No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 72, Cahier 2. Pp. 113-224 (the entire issue offered). Gerhardt's papers: pp. 163-183 and pp. 184-215.‎

‎First printing of two importent papers, the first paper is Gerhardt's first work, having the same subject as his doctoral theisis, 1840. The second paperis a classic study in organic chemistry in which Gerhardt breaks with the conceptions of dualism and pre-existing radicals, and sets forth his ""Theory of Residues"". ""A new aspect was given to the substitution-type theory by Gerhardt, who explained the formation of organic compounds as due to ""pairing"" or ""copulation"" of residues.""(Findlay ""A Hundred years of Chemistry"" p. 30 ff).‎

Référence libraire : 45007

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‎"GERHARDT, CHARLES. - THE THEORY OF TYPES AND RADICALS.‎

‎Recherches sur les Acides organiques Anhydres. Presentées à l'Academie des Sciences, les 17 mai et 14 juin 1852.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, Imprimerie de Bachelier, 1853. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Slightly rubbed. A small weakness to upper part of fronthinge. Small stamps on verso of titlepage and on verso of plates. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3me Series - Tome XXXVII. 512 pp. and 3 plates. (The entire volume offered). Gerhardt's paper: pp. 285-342. Light scattered brownspots.‎

‎First printing of an importent paper in which Gerhardt introduced the concept of ""type"" in organic chemistry in order to understand all substitution reactions.""Gerhardt adopted Laurent's nucleus, or unitary theory and combined it with the theory of types and radicals. In 1852 he discovered the anhydrides of organic acids and explained their structure by an extension of the water type of Williamson. He further proposed that all organic compounds could be related to one of four inorganic types: water, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, and ammonia. These types could be used to explain most organic reactions as double decompositions. Since Gerhard felt that the formula of organic compounds never ecpressed the actual structure of the molecule, but only its reactions, he was satisfied with this theory and carried it no farther. However, it was a great advance in systematization and helped to bring order into the confused field of organic reactions.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900"", p. 351.).""Gerhardt will occupy a permanent position in the history of Chemistry for his services to organic classification, for his concept of homology, for his preparation of acid anhydrides, and for his reform of equivalents.""(DSB V, p. 374).The volume contains further importent papers Marcelin Berthelot ""Sur la Bichlorhydrate D'Essence de Térébenthine"", pp. 223-230, by Arago, Edmond Becquerel etc.etc.‎

Référence libraire : 43123

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‎"GIESEL, F. (FRIEDRICH OSKAR). - THE CONCENTRATION OF RADIUM AND POLONIUM.‎

‎Einiges über die Verhalten des radioactiven Baryts und über Polonium. (+) Ueber die Ablenkbarkeit der Becquerelstrahlen im magnetischen Felde. (2 Papers).‎

‎Leipzig, J.H. Barth, 1899. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Slightly rubbed. Light wear to spine ends. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 69. VIII,875 pp. and 8 plates. (Entire volume offered). Small stamp on title and verso of. Internally clean and fine. Giesel's papers: pp. 91-94 and pp. 834-836.‎

‎First edition of an early and importent paper in the study of radioactivity, explaining how to prepare radium compounds, and thus being the first to place preparations of pure radium bromide on the market.The second paper offered, contains the first proof that Becquerel rays could be deflected by a magnet.Giesel ""A past master at the art of extracting and preparing pure substances in phytochemistry, after the Curies’ 1898 discovery of polonium, he applied his craft to radiochemistry. By 1900 he had developed an improved method of fractional crystallization, producing a greater concentration of radium salts in a shorter time, by using bromide instead of chloride. One direct result of his highly influential efforts, by which pure radium bromide became commercially available for research, was the 1903 verification by William Ramsay and Frederick Soddy of the production of helium from radium. Giesel was the first to observe the decomposition of water by radium salts.""(DSB).When his close friends and nearby colleagues Julius Elster and Hans Geitel obtained inconclusive results regarding magnetic influence upon Becquerel rays, Giesel provided a key to these rays’ non-X-ray character by his decisive proof of their magnetic deflectability in October 1899.‎

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‎"Goodies The""‎

‎Book of Criminal Records‎

‎Sphere 23/09/1976 00:00:01. paperback. Good. Sphere paperback‎

Référence libraire : mon0000365341 ISBN : 0722139608 9780722139608

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€ 4,86 Acheter

‎"Goodies The""‎

‎Book of Criminal Records‎

‎Sphere 1976-09-23. Paperback. Very Good. 1.0152 in x 27.9188 in x 21.5736 in. Sphere paperback‎

Référence libraire : mon0000474975 ISBN : 0722139608 9780722139608

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€ 2,51 Acheter

‎"GOTCH, FRANCIS and VICTOR HORSLEY. - TOWARDS THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH.‎

‎Croonian Lecture. - On the Mammalian Nervous System, its Functions, and their Localisation determined by an Electrical Method. Received and Read Fenruary 26, 1891.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1892). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", 1891, Vol. 182 - Series B. Pp. 267-526, textillustr. and 7 photoprinted plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of this importent pioneer work in the physiology of the nervous system.""Gotch and Horsley showed that electrical currents are produced in the mammalian brain, and they recorded them with the string galvanometer or the capillary electrometer. Their work led eventually to the development of the Electroencephalograph.""(Harrison & Morton No. 1285).‎

Référence libraire : 43013

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€ 248,45 Acheter

‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - A CLASSIC PAPER IN MEMBRANE SCIENCE BY THE FARTHER OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY.‎

‎On the Absorption and Dialytic Separation of Gases by Colloid Septa. Part I-(II). (I. Action of a Septum of Caoutchouc. - II. Action of Metallic Septa at a red Heat.).‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1866). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 156 - Part II, pp. 399-439. 2 Textillustrations.‎

‎Firat appearance of a groundbreaking paper in physical chemistry in which Graham describes the fundamental mechanism for gas transport across a polymer membrane. The mechanism is known as solution-diffusion model, and postulates a three-step process for gas transport through a polymer.‎

Référence libraire : 42719

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‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - COINING THE WORD ""DIALYSIS"".‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On Osmotic Force. Received June 15, - Read June 15, 1854.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854) 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1853, Vol. 144 - Part I. Pp. 177-228, 3 fine textillustrations in woodcut. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Graham coins the word ""dialysis"" denoting the passage by diffusion of dissolved substances as a function of their concentration and molecular mass. In this way he further explained 'exomosis'.""Thomas Graham (1805-1869) studies diffusion in gases and solutions and discovers and names the phenomenon now known as the osmotic force. He finds that certain substances (i.e. glue) pass more slowly through membranes than others (i.e. common salt). He calls the former colloids and the latter crystalloids and introduces the notion of dialysis to describe these observations. The beginning of his famous lecture ""On osmotic force"" with illustrations is shown on the right.""(From Anders Gedeon ""Science and Technology in Medicine"", p. 244, where part of the first page and the illustrations from the offered paper, are shown).Garrison & Morton: 686. (""Investigation on osmotic force"" provided importent information for the physiologists"").‎

Référence libraire : 43302

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‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - COINING THE WORD ""DIALYSIS"".‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On Osmotic Force. Received June 15, - Read June 15, 1854.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1854, Vol. 144 - Part I. Pp. 177-228, 3 fine textillustrations in woodcut. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Graham coins the word ""dialysis"" denoting the passage by diffusion of dissolved substances as a function of their concentration and molecular mass. In this way he further explained 'exomosis'.""Thomas Graham (1805-1869) studies diffusion in gases and solutions and discovers and names the phenomenon now known as the osmotic force. He finds that certain substances (i.e. glue) pass more slowly through membranes than others (i.e. common salt). He calls the former colloids and the latter crystalloids and introduces the notion of dialysis to describe these observations. The beginning of his famous lecture ""On osmotic force"" with illustrations is shown on the right.""(From Anders Gedeon ""Science and Technology in Medicine"", p. 244, where part of the first page and the illustrations from the offered paper, are shown).Garrison & Morton: 686 (""Investigation on osmotic force"" provided importent information for the physiologists"").‎

Référence libraire : 49408

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‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - THE FOUNDATION OF COLLOID CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Liquid Diffusion applied to Analysis.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1861, Vol. 151 - Part I. Pp. 183-224, textillustrations.‎

‎First printing of a groundbreaking paper in biochemistry and physiology, as Graham here introduced the distinction between colloidal and crystalloid substances by his method of separating animal and other fluids.""Although some isolated investigations on colloids had been carried out before Graham, his publications in this field laid the foundations of colloid chemistry. In ""On the Diffusion of Liquids,"" Graham applied to liquids the exact method of inquiry he had applied to gases twenty years before, and he succeeded in placing the subject of liquid diffusion on about the same footing as that to which he had raised the subject of gaseous diffusion prior to the discovery of his numerical law. He showed that the rate of diffusion was approximately proportional to the concentration of the original solution, increased with rise in temperature, and was almost constant for groups of chemically similar salts at equal absolute (not molecular) concentrations and different with different groups.""(DSB).Garrison & Morton: 688.‎

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‎"GRATIOLET, PIERRE. - PHYSIOLOGY OF THE OPTIC NERVE.‎

‎Note sur les expansions des racines cérébrales du nerf optique et sur leur terminaison dans une région déterminée de l'écorce des hémisphères.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier,1854). 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 39, No 6. Pp. (265-) 300 (entire issue offered). Gratiolet's paper: pp. 274-278. A few faint marginal brownspots.‎

‎First printing of this landmark paper in neuroscience in which Gratiolet for the first time traces visual radiation from thalamus to occipital cortex and describes convolutions of the cerebral cortex.‎

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‎"GRIGNARD, (FRANCOIS AUGUSTE VICTOR). - DISCOVERY OF THE GRIGNARD REACTION.‎

‎Sur quelques nouvelles combinaisons organométalliques du magnesium et leur application à des Synthèses d'alcools et d'hydrocarbures.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1900. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 130, No 20. Pp. (1285-) 1344. (Entire issue offered). Grignard's paper: pp. 1322-24. One leaf repaired in upper margin affecting the text on verso (but without loss of letters). Light browning, poor paperquality.‎

‎First apperance of an importent paper in which Grignard revealed the ""Grignard Reagent"", an important means of preparing organic compounds from smaller precursor molecules. For this work, Grignard was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 jointly with fellow Frenchman Paul Sabatier.""A large number of general synthetic methods had been developed by the end of the nineteenth century. However, one of the most versatile and importent was first described as the new century opened. This was the Grignard synthesis."" (Leicester ""A Source book in Chemistry 1900-1950"", where this paper is translated ""Some New Organometallic Compounds of Magnesium and Their Application to the Synthesis ofAlchohols and Hydrocarbons"").""Grignard treated magnesium turnings in anhydrous ether with methyl iodide at room temperature, preparing what came to be known as the Grignard reagent, which could be used for reaction with a ketone or an aldehyde without first being isolated. On hydrolyzing with dilute acid, the corresponding tertiary or secondary alcohol was produced in much better yield than Barbier had been able to obtain. Grignard’s discovery was reported in a short paper at a meeting of the Académie des Sciences in May 1900 (the paper offered)."" (DSB).‎

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‎"Grimm, The Brothers"‎

‎Little Red Riding Hood‎

‎Kansas City: Ariel Books 1992. "First Edition First Printing". Hard Cover. As New/As New. "Miles Elizabeth". Glazed Pictorial Board Covers; decorative endpapers; 12mo; 31 pages; bookinterior is very clean and tight; pages appear to be unread; illustrated in color; a beautiful small book in dustjacket <br/><br/> Ariel Books hardcover‎

Référence libraire : 20060923 ISBN : 0836249011 9780836249019

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‎"GROTTHUSS, THEODOR VON - THE BASIC LAWS OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY FORMULATED.‎

‎Auszug aus vier Abhandlungen physikalisch-chemischen Inhalts. I. Ueber die chemische Wirksamheit des Lichtes und der Electricität, und einen merkwürdigen neues Gegensatz in der erstern, je nachdem das Licht aus nicht oxydirenden oder aus oxydirenden M...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1819. 8vo. Contemporary half calf. Raised bands, gilt spine. Spine slightly rubbed.""Annalen der Physik. Neue Folge. Hrsg. von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 61. Small stamps on verso of title-pages. (12),430,(6) pp. and 4 engraved plates. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of these milestone papers on photochemistry, as it was here the opinion ""that only the absorbed light rays are active in the production of chemical changes"", was expressed for the first time and ""thus, he formulated the importent basic law of photochemistry, which is named after him, ""the Grotthuss law of photochemical absorption"" (Eder ""Histo of Photography"" p. 166 ff.). The extracts as offered here, from ""Annalen"" were published before they appeared in the Annalen der Curländischen Gesellschaft für Litteratur und Kunst.""This importent Grutthussian thesis was in time so completely forgotten that John William Draper, two years after the inventionof the daguerreotype, discovered the same law and entirely independently of Grotthuss (1841). For a long time it was known as ""Draper's Law of absorption"" in ignorance of Grotthuss' priority....The four laws of Grotthuss (as formulated in the first paper offered) are....These laws... found little appreciation among his contemporaries...Still we must recognize the fact that the basic ideas which Grotthuss laid down in his photochemical theses were not far removed from the most modern views of physcal chemistry, since the chemical forces of affinity are essentially of an electrical nature"".(Eder opt.cit. p. 168).The volume contains other importent papers Macartney & Tilesius Beobachtungen über leuchtende Thiere"" (4 parts), Chladni, E.F.F. ""Ueber die Glühlampen"" etc. etc.‎

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‎"GROVE, WILLIAM ROBERT. - THE FIRST FUELL CELL DESCRIBED BY THE ""FATHER OF THE FUELL CELL""‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition and the Decomposition of Water into its constituent Gases by Heat. Received September 3, - Read November 19, 1846. (+) Supplementary Paper on certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition, and t...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1847). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1847 - Part I. Pp. 1-16 a. pp. 17-21 and 1 lithographed plate‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Grove describes and depicts his invention - from 1839 - of the first FUEL CELL, which he named ""The Gas Voltaic Battery"", and where he applied his anticipation of the principle of ""Conservation of Energy"" to the decomposition of water. and to the ignition of the released gases.In 1846, Grove published ""On The Correlation of Physical Forces"" in which he anticipated the general theory of the conservation of energy that was more famously put forward in Hermann von Helmholtz' Über die Erhaltung der Kraft (On the Conservation of Force) published the following year.His 1846 Bakerian lecture relied heavily on his theory.(The paper offered).During the early 1960s, General Electric produced the fuel-cell-based electrical power system for NASA's Gemini and Apollo space capsules. General Electric used the principles found in the ""Bacon Cell"" as the basis of its design. Today, the Space Shuttle's electricity is provided by fuel cells, and the same fuel cells provide drinking water for the crew.NASA decided that using nuclear reactors was too high a risk, and using batteries or solar power was too bulky to use in space vehicles. NASA has funded more than 200 research contracts exploring fuel-cell technology, bringing the technology to a level now viable for the private sector‎

Référence libraire : 46461

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‎"HAHN, O. (OTTO). - THE DISCOVERY OF RADIOTHORIUM.‎

‎Über ein neues, die Emanation des Thoriums gebendes radioaktives Element.‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, 1905. No wrappers. Issued in ""Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elekronik"", 2. Bd., Heft 3. Hahn's paper: pp. 233-264. Enntire issue: pp. 233-262 (= entire ""Heft 3""). Fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of this paper, which is Hahn's Habilitation paper, announcung his discovery of a new element in residues from a Ceylon mineral called Thorianite. He later showed that it is an intermediate disintegration product.""Because the sample (thorianite) was small, Ramsay proposed that Hahn confirm Marie Curie's determination of the atomic weight of radium by preparing it in some organic compounds (thereby greatly increasing the total amount being examined) and calculating the atomic weight from the measured molecular weights. Chance sometimes favors the unprepared mind, and Hahn, who familiarized himself with only the basic of radioactivity, followed the prescribed separationss technique and found himself the discovere of a new radioelement: radiothorium. The explanation was that the material given him came from an ore which contained a large percentage of thorium in addition to the radium. Thus, upon completion of the chemical procedure, not all the activity was confined in the radium-containg fraction"" indeed the nes subsyance in the remainder was several hundred thousand times more active than thorium and ultimately yielded the characteristic one.minute halflife of thorium emanation.""(DSB VI, p. 15). - Weeks, Discovery of the Elements,p. 308 ff.).‎

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‎"HALDORSSON, STEFAN + BALTAZAR MEYSNER (BALTHAZAR MEIJSNER) & SVEIN SIMONARSON (SVEVUS SIEGMUND/SIGISMUND)‎

‎Drottinsvors Jesu Christi Fædingar Historiann. Med Einfalldre Textans Utskijringu. I Thriaatiju Capitulum innriettud efter theim thriaayiju Fædingar Psalmum(m). Af Sr. Stephane HalldörsSyni... Nu ad nÿu uppskithud... af Magnuse MagnusSyne & Christe... - [TWO MAGNIFICENT ILLUMINATED ICELANDIC MANUSCRIPTS - ONE POSSIBLY BEING THE ONLY KNOWN VERSION OF THE WORK TO EXIST]‎

‎1787 + 1790. 4to. Leaves measuring 19 x 15,5 cm. Both works bound together in one simple, but very nice nice full vellum binding (19,7 x 16,5 cm). Very well preserved. Occasional minor browning or soiling. Overall very nice indeed. Haldorsson: 91 ff. Written in a beautiful, steady hand, in easily legible Icelandic script, in dark brown ink throughout. Illustrated and beautifully illuminated in blue, green, red, and yellow. 22 lines to a page (occasionally 21 or 23). Catchwords and running titles. Title written in blue, yellow, red, and brown ink, within a hand-painted ornamental border in yellow, blue, and red. Verso of title-page with a hand-painted ornamental border in yellow, blue and red, within which a large miniature illustration in brown ink, with title (Luc. 2. v. 11. 13) and four lines of text underneath inserted into ""frame"". Text and illustration also within a hand painted frame, in red. The insterted ""plate"" measures 14 x 8,7 cm. Hand-painted opening header to preface, large hand-painted initial and ornamental vignette to end of preface, all three in multiple colours. Opening of text in red paint, with a large initial in red and yellow. First line of each new chapter painted in either red, blue, green or yellow, same as ""AMEN"" at the end of each. The end of the text with a large half-page crest-like vignette with birds and flowers painted in red, blue, yellow, and green. The two leaves with ""Nijars=Psalmur"" at the end with hand-painted opening header, large opening initial, and large vignette at the end. In all ca. 60 large hand-painted multi-coloured initials throughout, in different sizes, measuring roughly, in cm 6x5 (9)" 5x5 (5) 4x4 (24) " 3x3(or 2,5) (21). 1 blank leaf between the two works. Meisner/Svevus: 95 ff. (including full-page illustrations). Written in a beautiful, steady hand, in easily legible Icelandic script, in brown ink throughout. Illustrated and beautifully illuminated in blue, green, red, yellow, and black. 23 lines to a page (occasionally 22). Catchwords. Title written in red, blue, and brown within an elaborately illustrated ornamental border in red, yellow, green, and black. Verso of title-page with a large miniature illustration in brown ink, with title (Luc. 2. Cap V. 7) and three lines of text underneath, within a handpainted ornamental border in red, yellow, green, and black. The miniature measures 11,5 x 7 cm. Hand-painted opening header to preface in red an black and large illustrated intial in red, green, yellow, and black. Each new section with a large, elaborately painted multi-coloured initial. First section with a large, elaborate end-vignette, followed by an illuminated leaf with a large ornamental border (almost in Grolier-style) in red, blue, yellow, and green, inside which a miniature in brown ink, from Luc 2. Cap, with two lines of text above and three underneath. Miniature itself measuring 4,3x5,5 cm. Verso blank. Next section with multi-coloured header, large opening initial, several large initials, and large end-vignette. One leaf with ""Inneleg"" with red and green header, large initial, and pretty end-vignette, followed by an illuminated leaf with an ornamental border in red, yellow, and green, inside which a miniature in brown ink, from Joh. II. v. 25. 26, with three lines of text underneath. Miniature itself measuring 11x7 cm. Verso blank. Following opening with an ornamental border in black, green, red, and yellow, a large opening initial, large, elaborate initials, and large end-vignette, followed by a leaf with a hand-painted ornamental border in yellow, black, green, and red, within which a large miniature illustration in brown ink has been inserted, with two lines of text above. The insterted ""plate"" measures 11 x 9 cm. Next opening with hand-painted ornamental header in black, green, and red, large opening initial, several elaborate initials, and a crowned end-vignette in red, blue, green, and yellow, followed by a full-page miniature-painting in blue, red, green, yellow, black and brown ink. Verso blank. Following section opening with a large initial, with several large, elaborate initals, and ending with a red ornamental vignette, followed by an illuminated leaf with a large ornamental border in red, black, yellow, and green, inside which a miniature (of Jesus on the closs) in brown ink with touches of red and yellow from Esaiae 53. v. s., with four lines of text underneath. Miniature itself measuring 10 x 7 cm. Verso blank. Final section with red, green, and black header, large opening initial, several elaborate, large initials, first line of each new section in red, as well as ""AMEN"" at the end, and half-page end-vignette in red, green, yellow, and black. In all 46 large, multi-coloured initials, most of them measuring approximately, in cm, 7-9 x 6-8 (35), some a bit smaller - 6x6 (7), 5x5 (3), and 4 x 3,5 (1). 6 miniature illustrations in all. One blank leaf at the end.‎

‎"HALLWACHS, WILHELM. - THE ""HALLWACHS EFFECT""‎

‎Ueber den Einfluss des Lichtes auf electrostatisch geladene Körper.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1888. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 33, 2. Heft (= No 2). Titlepage to vol. 33. Smal stamps to verso of title and titlepage. Pp. 241-416 a. 1 plate (entire issue offered ""Heft"" 2). Hallwach's paper: pp. 301-312. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this pioneer paper in the history of the PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT, as Hallwachs here for the first time showed that metals lose their negative charges under the action of ultraviolet radiation and becomes positive charged. The earliest speculations of the nature of the effect predates the discovery of the electron in 1897 by J.J. Thomson.""This process, which is called the photoelectric effect or Hallwachs effect, forms the basis for the physics of the photoelectric cell and was theoretically interpreted by Einstein in 1905 in Einstein's work on light quanta.""(DSB VI, p.74).""On the basis of his heuristic principle, Einstein proposed the following 'simplest picture' for the photoeffect. A light-quantum gives all its energy to a single electron, and the energy transfer by one light-quantum is independent of the presence of other light-quanta....and he gave several other applications of his heuristic principle...""(Pais in ""Subtle is the Lord"" pp. 380-81).Magie ""A Source Book in Physics"", pp. 578 ff.‎

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‎"HAMELMANN, HERMANN. - THE HOUSE OF OLDENBURG.‎

‎Oldenburgische Chronicon Das ist Beschreibung Der Löblichen Uhralten Grafen zu Oldenburg und Delmenhorst/ ec. Von welchen die jetzige Könige zu Dennemarck und Hertzogen zu Holstein entsprossen, Sampt Ihres Stammens ersten Ankunnft, Thaten, Regierung, ...‎

‎(Oldenburg, Warner Berendts Erben), 1599. Folio. Contemp. full calf. Richly gilt spine. Titlelabel gone. Engraved ornamental title-page. (86),494,(18) incl. (2) blank. Profusely textillustrated with engravings and woodcuts among them the full-page portrait of the author, a full-page view of Oldenburg, 3 folded genealogical tables and the double-page engraved elevated plan of Oldenburg. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First edition. Hamelmann's Chronicon is the first book to be printed in Oldenburg (Brunet) and it is the historical source work for the ""House of Oldenburg"" whose descendents became kings of Denmark and emperors of Russia. -Adams H 30.‎

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‎"Harris PhD MBA RN The NursePreneur Mentor, Cati‎

‎NursePreneurs: Transform Your Passion into Profit with a Proven Business Blueprint‎

‎new. unknown‎

Référence libraire : 47085884-n ISBN : 1636983731 9781636983738

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‎"Harris PhD MBA RN The NursePreneur Mentor, Cati‎

‎NursePreneurs: Transform Your Passion into Profit with a Proven Business Blueprint‎

‎like new. unknown‎

Référence libraire : 47085884 ISBN : 1636983731 9781636983738

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‎"HARTMANN, EDUARD VON [author] (+) MEMDUH SÜLEYMAN [translator and the author of the commentary].‎

‎Darwinism [i.e. German: ""Wahrheit und Irrthum im Darwinismus""] - [FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST BOOK ON DARWINISM, PRINTED IN ISTANBUL. ]‎

‎Istanbul, Nietzsche Hayatý ve Felsefesi, 1329 [1913]. 8vo. In later embossed full cloth binding with gilt lettering to spine. Last 10 leaves with a brown spot. Frontiespiece repaired with tape, otherwise a fine and clean copy. 127, (1) pp. + portrait of Darwin.‎

‎Rare first edition of the first book on Darwinism, printed in Istanbul. The work in Ottoman language is a translation of ""Wahrheit und Irrthum im Darwinismus"" (The Truths and Mistakes of Darwinism) by Eduard von Hartmann (1842 - 1906), first published in 1875. The translator Memduh Süleyman, who also commented the book, considered the natural evolution the biggest mistake of the Darwinism. Memduh Süleyman (1889?-1920) was an important author and translator of the last years of the Ottoman Empire. His most famous work is a book on Nietzsche, ""Nietzsche Hayat? ve Felsefesi"", from 1912, which he co-wrote in together with Ahmet Nebil-Baha Tevfik-Memduh.The book was published amidst the Ottoman debate on the Darwinism. The first mentioning of the term was made in 1863 in a magazine Mecmua-i Fünun by Münif Pasha, who was at the time serving as a minister of education and did not believe, that the development of science would or should affect the religion. In the time of the publication of the present work, Darwin's works were not yet translated into Ottoman. The first translation of On the Origin of Species in the Muslim world, was only issued in Arabic in 1918 in Cairo. Translated were only the first six chapters. For more chapters were subsequently added in 1928.OCLC list three institutional examples (Leiden University Library, Library of Congress, Huntington Library, Art Museum, & Botanical Gardens).‎

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‎"HASSENFRATZ, (JEAN-HENRI). - THE LAGRANGE-HASSENFRATZ THEORY OF RESPIRATION.‎

‎Mémoire sur la combinaison de l'oxigene avec le carbone & l'hydrogène du sang, sur la dissolution de l'oxigène dans le sang, & sur la maniere dont le calorique se dégage.‎

‎Paris, 1791. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Spine a bit rubbed. Wear to top of spine. A dampstain to lower right corners on the first 15 leaves of the volume. Stamps to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 9. 355 pp. a. 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Hassenfratz's paper: pp. 261-274.‎

‎First printing of a classic paper in physiology.""Hassenfratz, a pupil of Lagrange, maintained that the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen took place in the blood, and not in the lungs as taught by others.""(Garrison & Morton: 926).‎

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‎"HASSENFRATZ, J.H. - THE HUMUS THEORY ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Sur la Nutrition des Vegétaux. Premier- Troisieme Mémoire. (all).‎

‎Paris, Rue et Hotel Serpente, 1792. 8vo. 2 contemp. hcalf. Spines gilt. Light wear to spines. In: ""Annales de Chimie"", tome 13 + 14. 336 pp. + 2 plates and pp. 335 + 2 plates. (2 entire volumes offered).Hassenfratz' papers: pp. 178-192, 318-330 (tome 13) and pp. 55-85 (tome 14). Stamps to verso of titlepages. Scattered brownspots, some leaves in vol. 13 with a faint dampstain to upper margins.‎

‎First printing of these 3 memoirs in which Hassenfratz set forth the ""Humus theory of vegetation"". From Hassenfratz' theory Thaer later derived his theoretical basis for plant nutrition.The volumes also contains Hassenfratz's importent paper on chemical affinities ""Explications de quelques Phénomenes qui paroissent contrarier les loix des affinités chimiques"", 1.-2. memoir, pp. 3-25 a. 25-38. Also papers by Pelletier, Vauquelin, van Mons, Berthollet, Fourcroy, Haüy etc.‎

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‎"HAÜY, L'ABBÉ (RENE-JUST). - THE FIRST SCIENTIFIC GEMOLOGY‎

‎Traité des Caractères physiques des Pierres Précieuses, pour servir a leur determination lorsqu'elles ont été taillées.‎

‎Paris, Courcier, 1817. Contemp. hcalf. Richly gilt spine. Tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. An old repair to spine at upper compartment. Some small cracks to leather at spine. Spine a bit rubbed. XVI,XXII,253 pp. and 3 large folded engraved plates with many figs. showing crystal forms and Nicholson's hydrometer. Some scattered brownspots, mainly at margins. A wide-margined copy.‎

‎Scarce first edition of Haüys landmark work on the crystallography of gemstones. Haüy had already in 1784 demonstrated the constancy of aspects of the geometric form of the individual crystals and hereby he laid the foundation stones of the science of Crystallography in general. In the offered work he applies his crystal-discoveries of the constancy of angles to the cutting of gems, thus providing us with the first handbook to show how to determine different kinds of gemstones, and he thereby also founded the science of Gemology. ""He hypothesized that each crystal was built up of successive additions of what we now call a ""unit cell"" to form - in the absence of external inteference - a simple geometric shape with constant angles and with sides trhat could be related by simple integral ratios. he maintained that an identity of difference in crystalline form implied an identity or difference in chemical composition. This was the beginning of the science of crystallograpy, which was to attain maturity over a century later with the development of X-ray techniques by Laue and Bragg.""(Asimov).‎

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who wasin Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

Référence libraire : 48025

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‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A stamp to title-page and front free endpaper. Interally clean.‎

‎First printing of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who was in Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and Rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

Référence libraire : 49362

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‎"HELE - SHAW, H.S. - THE ANALOGUE CALCULATING MACHINE.‎

‎The Theory of Continous Calculating Machines and of a Mechanism of this class on a New Principle. Received and Read June 19, 1884.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1886. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", 1885. Vol. 176 - Part II, Pp. 367-402 a. 34 textillustr.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in the history of calculating machines.""In his first year at Liverpool he published a paper on 'The theory of continuous calculating machines and of a mechanism of this class on a new principle' in the prestigious Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. This work investigated how to advance the design of integrator mechanisms and fit them for tasks more complex than mere numerical calculating machines, and was extremely important in the development of analogue computing.""(Jane Carruthers)‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FOUNDING THE MODERN THEORY OF COLOUR.‎

‎Ueber Hrn. Brewster's neue Analyse des Sonnenlichts.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1852. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Dritte Reihe Bd. 26, Achtes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1852). (The entire issue (No. 8) offered). Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this founding paper in the modern theory of colour, in which Helmholtz proved the surprising fact that there are only two among the colours of the spectrum, yellow and indigo-blue, which together yields pure white, that is, are complementary to each other, whereas their combination had always been supposed to produce green.""Helmholtz turned to the intricate problems of color vision in 1852 with an attack on Sir David Brewster's new theory of light. Brewster had maintained the objective reality of three primary colors by supposing, in opposition to Newton, that there exist three distinct kinds of light, each of which excites in the eye one of the sensations red, yellow, or blue. Helmholtz regarded the theory as still another confusion of physical stimulus and subjective responce....He also revived Young's theory of color visoin...only to refute it. He had discovered that spectral colors, when mixed, always yield a duller color of less-than-spectral saturation. Therefore the whole idea that all colors may be obtained from mixtures of three primary colors must be incorrect, he concluded, for the spectral colorss, at least, can never be obtained in their full saturation by mixing any three of their number....Although Helmholtz dismissed Young's theory in 1852, by 1858 he had changed his mind and become its formost advocate. In order to save Ypoung's theory....Helmholtz asumed that Young's physiological primaries are not spectral colors att all, but colors of far greater-than-spectral saturation...""(DSB VI, pp. 246-247). Garrison & Morton 1508.‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - FURTHER PROOF OF THE ""CONSERVATION OF ENERGY-PRINCIPLE""‎

‎Ueber galvanische Ströme, verursacht durch Concentrationsunterschiede"" Folgerungen aus der mechanischen Wärmetheorie. (On galvanic Currents caused by Differences in Concentration: Deductions from the Mechanical Theory of Heat).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1878. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 3, 2. Heft. Pp. 161-320 a. 1 folded plate. (entire issue offered). Helmholtz' paper: pp. 201-216. With titlepage to volume 3.‎

‎First apperance - in full - of this importent paper in which for the first time the 2 laws of thermodynamics were applied to electrical phenomena. Parts of the paper were published already in 1877.""In 1877 Helmholtz attempted to predict theoretically the electromotive force of a galvanic cell for different concentrations of a salt solution. Under certain conditions the cell can be treated as a reversible cycle and the laws of Carnot and Clapeyron applied to it. The theory was in substantial agreement with experimental data by James Moser.""(DSB). - The Moser-paper confirming Helmholtz theory is printed here on pp. 216-219, taken from Monatsberichte der Berl. Akad., 1877.""In his work 'On Galvanic Currents', Helmholtz was the first to apply the two laws of thermodynamics to electricity. In order to keep up a current of electricity through any conductor it is necessary to expend a certain amount of chemical or mechanical work"" the supply of positive electricity in the positive end of the conductor must be perpetually renewed, in order to oppose the repulsive force of the positive electricity there accumulated, and the same holds for the negative electricity at the negative end.""(Koenigsberger ""Hermann von helmholtz"", pp. 309-12).‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - MEASURING THE SPEED OF ELECTRICITY.‎

‎Ueber die Dauer und den Verlauf der durch Stromesschwankungen inducirten elektrischen Ströme. (On the Duration and Course of the Electrical Currents induced by Variation of an Inducing Current).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1851. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 83, Viertes Stück.(= Heft No. 8 of 1851). (The entire issue offered (Heft 2 of vol. 83 with titlepage to vol. 83). Pp.469-600 a. 2 engraved plates. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 505-540. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this paper in which Helmholtz for the first time measures and gives the mathematical formula for the duration of induced electrical currents and thus distinguished with mathematical accuracy from those due to nerve-action.""In (the offered paper) he begins by stating a mathematical law, which he had verified by a long and difficult series of experiments. By means of this law F. neumann was enabled to solve the problem he had previously laid aside, as to the distribution of current in a copper disk rotating below the two poles of a magnet......After Helmholtz had extended this exponiential law mathematically to divided circuits, he tested it experimentally by means of a new type of galvanic contact-key, which madeit possible to vary the interval between the opening and closing of any current, as required.""(Koenigsberger ""Hermann von helmholtz"", pp. 79-80).‎

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‎"HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN von. - RECORDING THE FIRST PRESENTATION OF THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.‎

‎Physiologische Wärmeerscheinungen. Bericht über ""Der Inhalt der Schrift ""Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft"""".‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1850. Contemp. hcalf, profusely gilt spine. XXXII,622 pp. In: ""Fortschritte der Physik im Jahre 1847. Dargestellt von der physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin"". III. Jahrgang. Redigirt von G. Karsten. XLIV,703 pp. Stamp on titlepage. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 232-245. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Helmholtz's own report on the meeting of the 23rd of July 1847 in the Physical Society of Berlin. In the meeting he presented with great success his groundbreaking paper ""Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft"". In the paper printed in the ""Fortschritte"", Helmholtz summarizes the main mathematical and historical features of his Conservation of Energy-principle as it was laid down in ""Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft"".""On July 21 he (Helmholtz) announced to du Bois-Reymond that he would bring forward his 'Conservation of Energy' on the 23rd at the Physical Society. The meeting was one of the most memorable in the annals of the Society"" as du Bois tells us, Helmholtz revealed himself at one bound, to the surprise of all his friends, as a master of mathematical physics. The members of the Physical Society were acquainted with the Law of the Conservation of Energy when it was still unknown to all the rest of the world.""(Leo Koenigsberger in ""Hermann von Helmholtz"", pp. 38).In his groundbreking work Helmholtz announced the first comprehensive statement of the first law of thermodynamics: All modes of energy, heat, light, electricity, and all chemical phenomena, are capable of transformation from one to the other but are indestructible and cannot be created. Helmholtz offered his paper to Poggendorf's 'Annalen', but the editor declined to publish so dangerous a speculation. Helmholtz had it printed at his own expense in a small number in 1847.‎

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