‎Thé‎

‎"POISSON, (SIMÉON-DENIS). - THE FIRST OF ITS KIND, MOVING REFERENCE FRAMES AND ACCELERATION.‎

‎Extrait de la premiere partie d'un Mémoire sur la Mouvement des projectiles dans l'air, en ayent égard à leur rotation et à l'influence du mouvement diurne de la Terre.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1837. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 5, No. 20. Pp. (659-) 710. (Entire issue offerd). Poisson's paper: pp. 660-667.‎

‎First appearance of Poisson's importent work - the first of its kind - on the dynamics of a motion taking into account also of the motion of the reference system. The work in its full ""Sur les mouvement des projectiles dans l'air, en ayent éghard à leur figure, & la rotation et à l'influence du mouvemnet diurne de la terre"" was published two years later in 1839.""Recherches sur le mouvement des projectiles dans l’air (1839), was far better known in its day. It is the first work to deal with the subject by taking into account the rotation of the earth and the complementary acceleration resulting from the motion of the system of reference. A decade after its publication it inspired Foucault’s famous experiment demonstrating the earth’s rotation. Poisson, who had supervised Coriolis’ doctoral research, recognized the importance of his invention of a term to correct for the deviations from the law of motion that arise in a rotating reference system. Unfortunately, Poisson did not consider himself obliged to cite the name of the actual inventor of the term."" (DSB).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47406

‎"AVOGADRO, (AMEDEO). - EXPANDING THE LAW OF PETIT & DULONG.‎

‎Nouvelles Recherches sur la Chaleur spécifique des Corps solides et liquides.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1834. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 57, Cahier Oct. Pp. 113-224 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (The entire issue offered with halftitle to tome 57). Avogadro's paper: pp. 113-148. Browning to halftitle. Smoe scattered brownspots.‎

‎First printing of this paper in which Avogadro analyzed the connection between specific heats and atomic weights of chemical compounds and liquids after Dulong and Petit has announced their discovery of a relationship between heats and atomic weights of substances (the Law of Petit & Dulong). Avogadro tries to expands their law onto compounds as well.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47415

‎"HENRY, JOSEPH - THE DISCOVERY OF SELF-INDUCTION.‎

‎On the Influence of a Spiral Conductor in increasing the Intensity of Electricity from a Galvanic Arrangement of a Single Pair, &c.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837). No wrappers. Extracted fron ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from The Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science and Learned Societies. Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. I. Pp. 540-547.‎

‎Henry's milestone paper announcing his discovery of electrical self-induction. ""Henry independently discovered electro-magnetic induction and in this paper announced his discovery of electric self-induction, one of the prime properies of an electro-magnetic circuit. Henry was an eminent experimenter but was casual in publishing his findings with resulting lack of recognition of his contributions.""(Bern Dibner).Dibner ""Heralds of Sciece"", No.63.It was also printed the same year in ""Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series, Vol. 5"". The paper was later printed in ""Philosophical Magazine"", 1840.""The direction of Henry’s thought became somewhat apparent in his 1835 paper (refers to the papers reading before the American Phil. Soc., febr. 6th, 1835) on the action of a spiral conductor in increasing the intensity of galvanic currents. The paper started out as an affirmation of Henry’s priority in the discovery of self-induction. He then combined induction proper (using Faraday’s findings and his own) with selfinduction to show how these produce a pattern of repulsions yielding an increased effect in spirals. He specifically linked these “magneto-electrical” results to the principles of static induction developed by Cavendish and Poisson. This explanation was then applied to Savary’s report of changes of polarity when magnetic needles were placed at varying distances from a wire in which a current was being transmitted (""Mémoire sur l’aimantation,"" in Annales de chimie et de physique, 34 [1827],. That is, currents appeared periodically in the air surrounding a current-bearing straight wire as a result of the actions of induction and self-induction."" (DSB).Wheeler Gift: 2724-2725a.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47418

‎"BECQUEREL, HENRI. - ESTABLISHING THE CONNEXTION BETWEEN ROTATORY POWERS AND MAGNETISM.‎

‎Recherches expérimentales sur la polarisation rotatoire magnétique.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1877. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 5e Series,Tome 12. - 576 pp. a. 1 folded plate. (The entire volume offered). Becquerel's paper: pp. 5-87.‎

‎First edition of Henri Becquerel's importent study of the magnetic substances in which he sets forth his discovery that ""the magnetic rotation of the bodies is connected with their refractive index and with another function that varies with their specific magnetism"". For the first time it was showed that there is a connexion between the rotatory power and the magnetic properties of matter.The volume contains other importent papers, more than 10 papers by , MARCELLIN BERTHELOT, mainly on Thermo-Chemistry.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47427

‎"BECQUEREL, HENRI - THE FIRST EVIDENCE OF A RADIOACTIVE TRANSFORMATION.‎

‎Sur la radioactivité de l'uranium.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1901. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 133, No 24.. Pp. (969-) 1044. (Entire issue offered). Becquerel's paper: pp. 977-980.‎

‎First appearance of this historical paper in which Becquerel relates THE FIRST EVIDENCE OF A RADIOACTIVE TRANSFORMATION. ""Nothing that Becquerel subsequently accomplished (after his discovery of radioactivity in 1896) was as important as this discovery, by which he opened the way to nuclear physics. Nevertheless, there were two other occasions on which he stood directly on the path of history: when he identified electrons in the radiations of radium (1899 - 1900) and when he published the first evidence of a radioactive transformation (1901). (The paper offered).""(DSB).""To prove his supposition that the uranium would recover its activity, Becquerel set aside some of the inactive uranium solution and its radioactive barium sulfate precipitate for a period of 18 months. Late in 1901, he found that the uranium had completely regained its activity, whereas the barium sulfate precipitate had become completely inactive. Becquerel wrote: ""The loss of activity ... shows that the barium has not removed the essentially active and permanent part of the uranium. This fact constitutes, then, a strong presumption in favor of the existence of an activity peculiar to uranium, although it is not proved that the metal be not intimately united with another very active product.""‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47430

‎"EINSTEIN, ALBERT. - THE FIRST EXPLICIT STATEMENT OF THE ENERGY-MASS EQUATION !!‎

‎Über die vom Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie. (On the Inertia of Energy Required by the Relativity Principle).‎

‎Leibzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Slightly rubbed. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 23. VIII,1000 pp. a. 4 plates. (The entire volume offered). Einstein's paper: pp.371-384. A small stamp on titlepage (Gmelin.Institut.). Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First edition of the first explicit statement of Einstein's energy-mass equation E=mc2.Nearly all descriptions of Einstein's scientific work state that the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 was first formulated in Einstein's 1907 review paper 'Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen.' published in 'Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik' (see Weil no. 21 and Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 4 pp.323 for examples). However, in his paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie' [the offered paper] which predates the former mentioned by six months, Einstein gave a clear statement of the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2. See Lanczos: The Einstein Decade, pp.149-150 and 153 as well as Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.Einstein's first paper regarding the relation E=mc2 is his fourth 1905 paper, 'Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?'. In this short paper Einstein showed that a body releasing the energy E in the form of radiation will have its mass decreased by E/c2, and concluded that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content, e.g., that all energy has mass. The next time Einstein returns to the subject is in his 1906 paper 'Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunkts Bewegung und die Trägheit der Energie.'. Here Einstein concluded that one must either ascribe the inertial mass E/c2 to any form of energy E or else give up the fundamental law mechanics regarding conservation of the motion of the center of gravity. Then finally in the 1907 paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie.' [the offered paper] Einstein makes the decisive step of assuming that all mass has energy. On page 382 Einstein considers the total energy of a moving mass point as the sum of its kinetic energy and its rest energy. In classical mechanics it is most convenient to set the second term to zero but in relativistic mechanics one obtains the simplest expression by setting the rest energy equal to mc2. Einstein then continues to show that this stipulation cannot lead to a contradiction in any relativistic argument. In a footnote on page 382 Einstein states for the first time the equation E=mc2 and mentions that this equation is the expression of the principle of the equivalence of mass and energy - see Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.The volume contains another paper by Einstein ""Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: ""Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flächensatz"""", pp.206-208. - Weil No. 18.Collected Works, Doc. 45. Weil 19. Boni 19.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47457

‎FRIHANDEL FOR ISLAND -‎

‎Forordning om udvidet Handelsfrihed for Island. Frederiksberg, den 11te September 1816.‎

‎Kiøbenhavn, Johan Frederik Schultz, (1816). 4to. 11 pp. De sidste sider lettere brunplettede.‎

‎Originaltrykket. - Fiske I:345.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47491

‎ISLANDS FATTIGVÆSEN -‎

‎Reglement for Fattigvæsenets provisoriske Indretning og Bestyrelse i Island. - Reglugjørd fyrir Fátækra málefna løgun og stjórn, fyrst um sinn, á Íslandi. Kaupmannahøfn, thann 8te Januari 1834.‎

‎Kaupmannahøfn, Jens Hostrup Schultz, (1834). 4to. 33 pp.‎

‎Originaltrykket. - Fiske I: 345.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47508

‎"ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE.‎

‎Kanzlei=Patent, betreffend die Publication eines Beschlusses der deutschen Bundesversammlung wider den Negerhandel, für das Herzogthum Holstein. Kopenhagen, den 27sten März 1846.‎

‎Kopenhagen, Jens Hostrup Schultz, (1846). 4to. (4) pp.‎

‎In this decree the Danish King states that the decree issued by ""Der Deutschen Bundesversammlung"" in 1845 about the abolition of the slave trade (Negerhandel), should be in force also in the German speeking part of Denmark, Herzogthum Holstein.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47512

‎THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL FISHERY CONGRESS.‎

‎Proceedings of the Fourth International Fishery Congress: Organization and Sessional Business, Papers and Discussions. held at Washington, U.S.A., September 22 to 26, 1908. Published as Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries, Volume XXVIII....‎

‎Washington, Government Printing Office, 1910. 4to. Bound in 2 orig. full cloth. XIII,1411,XII pp., 156 plates (among these 10 fine colourplates and the large series of plates of Sponges), textillustrations, maps etc. Internally clean and fine.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47758

‎"LAURENT, AUGUSTE. - INTRODUCING THE ""NUCLEUS THEORY"" IN CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Recherches diverses de Chimie organique. (+) Suite des Recherches diverses de Chimie organique.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Raised bands, gilt spine. A few scratches to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 66. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Laurent's papers: pp. 136-213 a. pp. 314-335. Internally fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of Laurent's long paper in which he tried to develope the rules of substitution into a chemical system oforganic compounds, the ""Nucleus theory"". Laurent is considered one of the most importent chemists in the 18th centuryHis first theoretical efforts were largely taxonomic in character. He then began to develop a pictorial model based on atomistic representations as considered by earlier French crystallographers. Laurent’s ""nucleus theory"" or ""theory of derived radicals""located every substance at the intersection of two kinds of transformations: substitutions, which operate on the matter inside the fundamental radical and do not affect its general chemical behavior, and external modifications, which influence various chemical functions. (DSB).""In his studies of the derivatives of naphtalene, Laurent was impressed by the fact the the fundamental properties of these compounds remained, in spite of the various substitutions which took place in them. A certain nucleus seemed to impose its properties on all its derivatives. This nucleus theory was the basis for the unitary which was specifically formulated by Gerhardt.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 345).The volume contains other notable papers by Regnault, D'Arcet, Chevreuil, Rose, Gay-Lussac and Carlo Matteucci's importent memoir ""Sur la Propagation du Courant Electriques dans les Liquides"", pp. 225-313.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47788

‎"HERMITE, CHARLES. - HERMITE'S THEOREM PROOVING THE TRANSCENDALITY OF e.‎

‎Sur la fonction exponentielle. (+) Suite... (+) Sur la fonction exponentielle. (+) (Suite). 4 Parts (all).‎

‎Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1873. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences"", Vol 77, Nos 1, 2, 4 a. 5 (4 entire issues offered). Hermite's paper: pp.18-24" 74-79 226-233" 285-293). With halftitle and titlepage to vol. 77.‎

‎First apperance of Hermite's epoch-making memoir in which he proved the transcendence of e, and thus initiated a new era in number theory. A decade later Lindemann used the method of Hermite's work to establish the transcendence of pi. Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1873 M.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47891

‎"FARADAY, (MICHAEL). - ON THE DISCOVERY OF ELECTOMAGNETIC INDUCTION.‎

‎(Lettré) A M. Gay-Lussac. Institution royale, Ier décembre 1832. (The letter ""On Magneto-electric Induction"").‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1832. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Light wear along edges. Stamps to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 2e Series, vol. 51. (Entire volume offered). 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. Faraday's letter: pp. 404-434. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Faraday's famous letter to Gay-Lussac in which he claim to be the discoverer of electro-magnetic induction, analysed the results of the Italian philosophers, pointing out their errors, and defending himself from what he regarded as imputations on his character. The style of this letter is unexceptionable, for Faraday could not write otherwise than as a gentleman"" but the letter shows that had he willed it he could have hit hard. The letter was later translated into English and published in ""Philosophical Magazine"" in 1840 under the title ""On Magneto-electric Induction"".""In 1831, seemingly out of nowhere, came the discovery of electromagnetic induction and the beginning of the experimental researches in electricity which were to lead Faraday to the discovery of the laws of electrochemistry, specific inductive capacity, the Faraday effect, and the foundations of classical field theory."" (DSB). The volume contains further importent papers by AMPÈRE ""Note sur une Experience de Hippolyte Pixii, relative au Courant produit par la Rotation d'un aimant, à l'aide dün appareil imagine par M. Hippolyte Pixii"", WÖHLER et LIEBIG ""recherches sur le Radical de l'Acide benzoique"" and ""Lettre de M. Berzelius sur le Benzoyle et l'Acide benzoique"", papers by Strohmeyer, Gay-Lussac, Dutrochet, Boussingault, BERZELIUS ""Sur le Bleu de Prusse et le Cyanoferrure de plomb"" etc. etc.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47933

‎"LEWIS, C.I. (CLARENCE IRVING). - ""THE LOGIC OF STRICT IMPLICATIONS""‎

‎A Survey of Symbolic Logic.‎

‎Berkeley, University of California Press, 1918. Royal8vo. Orig. full cloth. Stamps on foot of titlepage. VI,406,(4) pp., textfigs. From the library of the Danish logician and philosopher Jørgen Jørgensen with his name on front free endpaper. Some pencil underlinings by Jørgensen.‎

‎First edition of a main textbook in modern symbolic logic and having an interesting provenance as the copy has belonged to the Danish logician Jørgen Jørgensen.""Modern interest in modal Logic begins with the work of C.I. Lewis, first published in book form in his 'Survey of Symbolic Logic' of 1918. This theory is commonly called the logic of strict implication, because it was originally put forward in opposition to an account of implication which Lewis thought mistaken.""(Kneale and Kneale ""The Development of Logic"" 1962, p. 548 ff.).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 47987

‎"HEISENBERG, WERNER. - THE CONSTITUTION OF MANY-ELECTRON ATOMS.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Multiplettstruktur und der anomalen Zeemaneffekte. (Eingegangen am 10. April 1925).‎

‎Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 32. Band. VI,951 pp., textillustr. (Entire volume offered). Heisenberg's paper: pp. 841-860. A small erased stamp on titlepage leaving two small holes, no loss of text. Internally clean.‎

‎First appearance of Heisenberg's importent paper on the complex spectra of many-electron atoms, - the third paper Heisenberg submitted from Copenhagen on the Quantum Theory.""The paper on multiplet structure and anomalous Zeeman effects..., contained a complete discussion of the problem at that time. This paper had the blessing of Niels Bohr"" also Pauli, who wasin Copenhagen when the paper was completed, agreed with its overall content. The central goal of the paper was to formulate what Bohr called 'the stress (constraint), which is not analogous to the action of external forces' and to derive quantitative conclusions from it."" (Mehra and rechenberg ""The Historical development of Quantum Theory"", vol. 2, p. 201).The volume contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Physics: W. BOTHE und H. GEIGER ""Über das Wesen des Comptoneffekts, ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Theorie der Strahlung"", pp. 639-663.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 48025

‎"FRANCK, J. und G. HERTZ. - PROVING THE QUANTIZED MODEL OF THE BOHR ATOM AND PLANCK'S QUANTUM THEORY.‎

‎Über Zusammenstösse zwischen Elektronen und den Molekülen des Quecksilberdampfes und die Ionisierungsspannung desselben. (+) Über die Erregung der Quecksilberresonanzlinie 253,6 (u,u) durch Elektronenstösse.‎

‎Braunschweig, Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, 1914. Lex8vo. Contemp hcloth, gilt spine. Lower spine end a bit frayed, otherwise very fine. In: ""Verhandlungen der deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft im Jahre 1914"", 16. Jahrgang. IX,1072 pp. Franck & Hertz' papers: pp. 457-467 a. 512-517, textillustr. Fine and clean.‎

‎First apperance of the famous Franck-Hertz Experiment which is considered as a new and independent support, not only of Planck's quantum theory and Einstein's light-quantum hypothesis but also of Bohr's theory of the atom with stationary states of discrete energies.Franck and Hertz were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1925 for this work and Franck concluded his Nobel lecture with the words ""We know only to well that we owe the wide recognition that our work received to contact with the great concepts and ideas of M. Planck and in particular Niels Bohr.""""In their famous experiments, Franck and Hertz' showed that electrons could impart energy to a mercury atom only if they had a kinetic energy exceeding 4.9 ev., and that exactly this quantum of energy was taken up by the mercury atom, causing it to emit light of the resonance line Å 2537. It was the first direct proof of the quantized nature of the energy transfer and of the connection of the quantum DeltaE of energy with the frequency p = DeltaE/h of the light emitted as the result of the transfer. These experiments are rightly regarded as the first decisive proof of the reality of the quantized energy levels that had just been postulated by Niel’s Bohr..."" (DSB).See: Siegmund Brandt ""The Harevest of a Century. Discoveries of Modern Physics in 100 Episodes"", Episode 25, The Franck-Hartz Experiment (1914), pp. 102-104.The volume contains another importent paper ALBERT EINSTEIN ""Beiträge zur Quantentheorie"", pp. 820-828. First edition. ""In this paper.... two considerations are given which are interrelated by a common goal, inasmuch as it is attempted to derive two of the most importent achievementss of quantum theory, viz. Planck's radiation law and Nernst's third law of thermodynamics, in a new manner. The proofs do not involve Boltzmann's equation and are thus based enterely on macroscopic thermodynamics. They do introduce, however, the quantum hupothesis. (Einstein points out that the alleged 'proofs' which try to derive the theorem of Nernst from the mere fact that the heat capacity of all substances goes to zero at absolute zero temterature, are not genuine)."" (Cornelius Lanczos).Weil No 67.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 48028

‎"AMPÈRE, ANDRÉ-MARIE. - ""ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY""‎

‎Mémoire sur une nouvelle Expérience électrodynamique, sur son application à la formule qui représente l'action mutuelle de deux élemend de conducteurs voltaïques, et sur de nouvelles conséquences déduites de cette formule. (Lu à l'Academie royale de...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1825. 8vo. Bound in 2 uniform later hcloth. Gilt lettering to spines. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 29 a. 30. - 448 pp. and 3 folded engraved plates + 448 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. (The entire volumes offered). Ampère's papers: pp. 381-404 (tome 29) + Suite pp. 29-41 (tome 30) + ""Lettre à Gerhardi"": pp. 373-381 (tome 29). Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of this famous memoir, in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy, creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell, ""We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect, what, indeed, he tells us himself, that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us, and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it.""The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous ""Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience"", which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates, together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820, 1822, 1823, the offered memoir (1825). (Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62).""From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science, but on September 11, 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work, he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight, parallel, and current-carrying, wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current..... During the following years he continued his researches, both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY (The paper offered)."" (Citizen's Compendium, p. 2). - Norman No 47.The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler, Fresnel, Marcet, Berzelius, Felix Savart, De la Rive, Braconnet, Boussingault, Magnus, Poncelet, Vaugelin, Poisson, Gay-Lussac, Faraday, Laplace etc.‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 48082

‎"WÖHLER, F. et J. LIEBIG. - THE DISCOVERY OF ""EMULSIN"" A MAIN WORK IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur la Formation de l'Huile d'Amandes amères. (+) Emploi d'un nouveau Médicament en place des Waux distillées du Laurier-Cerise ou d'Amandes amères, proposé par.. F. Woehler et J. Liebig.‎

‎Paris, Crochard et Comp., 1837. Orig. printed wrappers. No backstrip. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 64, Cahier 2 (Fevrier 1837). Pp. 113-224. (Entire issue offered with printed wrappers.). Wöhler a. Liebig's papers: pp. 185-209 a. pp. 209-217.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper in organic chemistry in which Wöhler and Liebig showed how Amygdalin could be decomposed by a vegetable emulsion, the first example of a glycoside. The papers were issued at the same time in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"".""The conclusions which you have drawn from the investigation of bitter-almond oil,"" wrote Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler, ""are certainly the most importent which have so far been reached in the domain of vegetable chemistry, and give promise of shedding an unexpected light over this part of the science...The facts which you have set forth inspire such reflections that they may be regarded as the dawn of a new day in vegetable chemistry.""(Berzelius-Wöhler Briefwechsel).""During the years that Liebig was preoccupied with the ether theory and with organic acids, he also carried out two importent investigations with Wöhler. In october 1836 Wöhler wrote that he had discovered a way to transform amygdalin to oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanid acis, by distilling it with manganese and sulfuric acid, and he invited Liebig to join in pursuing the topic. Two days later he made a more remarkable discovery. It had occurred to him that perhaps thetransformation of amygdalin could be effected by the albumin in the almonds, in a manner similar to the action of yeast in sugar...Wöhler suspected that the decomposition was an example of what Berzelius had recently defined as catalysis. Liebig and Wöhler then divided up the detailed examination of the properties and composition of amygdalin. They precipitated from the emulsion of almonds a substance which when dissolved retain its action. They named the active substance ""emulsion"". Its effectiveness in very small quantities confirmed that it acted like yeast.""(DSB VIII, p. 342).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 48086

‎"PASTEUR, (LOUIS) et (JULES) JOUBERT - THE FIRST DOCUMENTED DISCOVERY OF AN ANTIBIOTIC.‎

‎Charbon et septicémie.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1877. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 85, No 3. Pp. (101-) 168. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur & Joubert's paper: pp. (101-) 115.‎

‎First appearance of one of the founding papers in the realm of antibiotics, being the discovery of ""Vibrion septique"" (Cl. septicum), the first pathogenic anaerobe to be found. ""Pasteur and Joubert were probably the first to realize the practical implications of antibiosis. They noted the antagonism between Bacillus anthracis and other bacteria cultures (in the paper offered)""(Garrison & Morton: No. 1932.1 and 2490).‎

Referentie van de boekhandelaar : 48136

‎"PASTEUR, (LOUIS). - THE DOWNFALL OF THE THEORY OF SPONTANEOUS GENERATION - PMM 336 (b)‎

‎Expériences relatives aux générations dites spontanées. (+) De l'origine des ferments. Nouvelles expériences relatives aux générations dites spontanées. (+) Nouvelles expériences relatives aux générations dites spontanées. (+) Suite à une précédente c...‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1860. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 50, No 6 a. No 19, Tome 51, No 10 a. No 19. (4 entire issues offered). Pasteur's papers: pp. 303-307, 849-854 (tome 50), pp. 348-352, 675-678 (tome 51).‎

‎First appearance of the suite of the 4 groundbreaking papers marking the downfall of the theory of spontaneous generation, and all of Pasteur's later work in this field can be seen as an extension, elaboration, and defence of the principles and methods set forth here. It is from these conclusions all modern bacteriology and immunology have developed. Pasteur was awarded the Zecker Price 1861 for these discoveries. ""Pasteur's publications on the subject of spontaneous generation consists chiefly of communications to the Academy of Sciences in Paris and published in abstracts in the Comptes rendus... (the paper offered)... In these communication he dealt with the collection and demonstration of erms in the air, the origin of ferments, the distribution of germs in nature, and many other questions. These reports were finally expanded in his famous ""Memoire sur les corpuscules organisés qui existent dans l'atmosphere. Examen de la doctrine de génerations spontanées"", which was published in 1861. (Bullocdh ""The History of Bacteriology"", p. 96).Printing and the Mind of Man No, 336 (b) - Garrison & Morton No. 2474.‎

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‎"BELL, ALEXANDER GRAHAM. - THE PHOTOPHONE AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS.‎

‎Sur l'application du photophone à l'étude des bruits qui ont lieu à la surface solaire. Note présentée par M. Janssen au nom de Alex. Graham Bell.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1880. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 91, No 18. Pp.(698-) 736. (Entire issue offered). Bell's paper: pp. 726-727.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Bell speculates how his and Tainter's invention of the Photophone or Radiophone could have a wider use. He pondered the photophone's possible scientific use in the spectral analysis of artificial light sources, stars and sunspots. He later also speculated on its possible future applications, though he did not anticipate either the laser or fiber-optic telecommunications:""Can Imagination picture what the future of this invention is to be!.... We may talk by light to any visible distance without any conduction wire.... In general science, discoveries will be make by the Photophone that are undreamed of just now."" Not long after its invention laboratories within the Bell System continued to improve the photophone in the hope that it could supplement or replace expensive conventional telephone lines. Its earliest non-experimental use came with military communication systems during World War I and II, its key advantage being that its light-based transmissions could not be intercepted by the enemy.‎

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‎"FRANCK, J. und G. HERTZ. - THE FRANCK-HERTZ EXPERIMENTS, NOBEL PRIZE 1926.‎

‎Über Zusammenstösse zwischen Elektronen und den Molekülen des Quecksilberdampfes und die Ionisierungsspannung desselben. (+) Uber die Erregung der Quicksilberresonanzlinie 256,6 (u u) durch Elektronenstösse.‎

‎Braunschweig, Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, 1914. No wrappers. In: ""Verhandlungen der deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft im Jahre 1914. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", 16. jahrgang, Nr. 10 a. 11. Pp. (437-) 494 a. (495-) 566. (Entire issues offered). With titlepage to 16. Jahrgang. The papers: pp. 457-467 a. pp. 512-517, 2 textillustr.‎

‎First apperance of these two groundbreaking papers constituting the famous ""Franck-Hertz Experiments"" giving the first experimental determination of Planck's constant not using blackbody radiation.""Thus, the experiments by Franck and hertz were later considered as a new and independent support not only of Planck's quantum theory and Einstein's light-quantum hypothesis, but also of Bohr's theory of the atom with sationary states of discrete energies. In 1926 Franck and Hertz were awardedthe Nobel prize for 1925.""(Siegmund Brandt ""The Harvest of a century"", Episode 25, p. 102).The Nobel Prize were given ""for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom"".‎

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‎"PASTEUR, L. (LOUIS). - THE ""DISEASES"" OF WINE‎

‎Études sur les vins. Première partie: De l'influence de l'oxygene de l'air dans la vinification. (+) Deuxiéme partie: Des altérations spontanées ou maladies des vins, particulièrement dans le Jura.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1863 a. 1864. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 57, No 23 a. Tome 58, No 3. Pp. (925-) 964 a. pp. (141- 180. (2 entire issues offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 936-942 a. 142-150 and 1 engraved plate (Maladies des Vins - leurs Fermets..).‎

‎First appearance of these famous papers initiating Pasteur's renowned studies on wine and its ""diseases"", being his most importent papers on wine.""In December 1863 Pasteur published the first of the papers that culminated in his Études sur le vin (1866"" 2nd ed. 1873). In that first paper, dealing with the role of atmospheric oxygen in vinification, he sought to establish that the aging of wine resulted from the slow penetration of atmospheric oxygen through the porous wook casks into which new wine was decanted. By virtue of this slow oxidation, he claimed, new wine grows less harsh and acid to the taste as it becomes clearer and lighter from the to the taste as it becomes clearer and lighter from the precipation of dark coloring matters. In his second paper (January 1864) Pasteur examined the ""alterations"" or ""diseases of wine, especially wine from the Jura, his native department. Reviewing the familiar disease of ""turned,"" ""acid"" ""ropy"" or ""oily "" wine, he associated each with a microscopic organism. He summarized the results of his first two papers by nothing that ""wine, which is proudced by a cellular vegetation acting as a ferment [namely, yeast], is altered only by the influence of other vegetations of the same order"" and once removed from the effects of their parasitism, it is made or matured principally by the action of atmospheric oxygen penetrating slowly through the staves of the casks.""(DSB).‎

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‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - COINING THE WORDS ELECTRODE, ANODE, CATHODE, ION, ANION, AND CATION.‎

‎Fünfte Reihe von Experimental-Untersuchungen über Elektricität. 11. Von der elektrochemischen Zerasetzung.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1834. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Spine slightly rubbed. In: ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 32 (= 2. Reihe, Bd. 2). VIII,666 pp. a. 5 folded lithographed plates. (Entire volume offered). Faraday's paper: pp. 401-453 a. 1 lithographed plate. Stamp to verso of titlepage and verso of plates. Clean and fine, printed on good paper.‎

‎First appearance in German - prepared by Faraday himself for publication in Annalen - of an importent historical paper in chemistry and physics in which Faraday reexamines some of his earlier views on electro-chemical decomposition and critizises in detail the theories of Grotthuss, Davy, Riffault and Chompré, Biot, De la Rive and Hachette. Here Faraday's give coins the names, still in use, for several electrical phenomena.""For his next series of researches (the paper offered), Faraday reverted to subjects which had been among the first to attract him as an apprentice attending Davy's lectures"" the voltaic pile, and the relation of electricity to chemistry......To test the doctrine (of Davy and De La Rive) of the influence of terminals, Faraday moistened a piece of paper in a saline solution, and supported it in the air on wax, so as to occupy part of the interval between two needle points which were connected with an electric machine...under these circumstances it was found thet the salt underwent decomposition......Since in this case no metallic terminals of any kind were in contact with the solution it was evident that all hypotheses which attributed decomposition to the action of the terminals were untenable...many of the perplexities which had harassed the older theories were at once removed when the phenomena were regarded from Faraday's point of view.""(Whittaker).""Faraday's paper, 'on electrochemical decompositions, is mostly a review and criticism of earlier theories of electrolysis and the statement of his own theory tat: 'electr-chemical decomposition does not depend upon any direct attraction and repulsion of the poles (meaning thereby the metallic terminations either of the voltaic battery, or ordinary electrical machine arrangements).' Decomposition occurs on pieces of paper not directly connected with the poles of an electrical machine, the silent discharge passing throug the air."" (Partington IV:p. 115).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity).‎

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‎"VILLARD, P. (PAUL ULRICH). - THE DISCOVERY OF GAMMA RAYS AND GAMMA RADIATION.‎

‎Sur la réflexion et la réfraction des rayons cathodiques et des rayons déviables du radium. (+) Sur le rayonnement du radium.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1900). 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 130, No 15 a. No 18. Pp. (962-) 1044 a. pp. (1145-) 1220. Entire issues offered. Stamp on first pages. A few tears to margins. Poor paperquality, fragile. Villard's papers: pp. 1010-1012 a. 1178-1182, textillustrations.‎

‎First apperance of Villard's two papers in which he announced and described the discovery of a new type of radiation more powerfull and penetrating than alpha-and beta rays. The new type of rays was named by Rutherford as gammarays.""His (Villard)experiments in radioactivity led to the unexpected discovery of gamma rays in 1900. Villard recognized them as being different from x rays because the gamma rays had a much greater penetrating depth. He had discovered they were emitted from radioactive substances and were not affected by electric or magnetic fields. These came to be called gamma rays by another scientist, Ernest Rutherford. It wasn't until 1914 that Rutherford showed that they were a form of electromagnetic (EM) like light only with a much shorter wavelength than x rays. Now we know that gamma rays are a form of EM radiation similar to x rays. Gamma rays tend to have a higher energy and a shorter wavelength than x rays do. However, the dividing line between these two forms of radiation is not clearly defined. Scientists typically apply the term gamma ray to EM radiation with energies above several hundred thousand electron volts."" (Hps - Healt Physics Society). - See Sigmund Brandt ""The Harevst of a Century"", Episode 6, p. 24 ff.).The issues contains other importent papers HENRI BECQUEREL ""Note sur la transmission du rayonnement du radium au travers des corps"", pp. 979-984 and ""Sur la transparance de l'aluminium pour le rayonnement du radium"", pp. 1154-57. P. CURIE et G. SAGNAC ""Électrisation négative des rayons secondaires produits au moyen des rayons de Röntgen"", pp. 1013-1016.‎

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