‎Chimie‎

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION OF LIQUIDS.‎

‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. Fourth Series. 9. On a new Law of Electric Conduction. 10. On Conducting Power. (Sections 380-449). Recieved April 24, - Read May 23, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 507-522. and 1 textillustration. Fine and clean.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Faraday announces his discoveries of the conductability of liquids.""The author, while prosecuting his rechearches on electr-chemical decomposition, oberved some phenomena which, appeared to be referable to a general law of electric conduction not hitherto recognized. He found that an electric current from a voltaic battery, which is readily conducted by water, did not pass through ice: even the thinnest film of iice, interposed in the circuit, was sufficient to intercept all electrical influence of such low intensities as that produced, by the voltaic apparatus, although it allows of the transmission of electricity of such high intensity that ecited by the common electrical machine. The author ascertained that a great number of other substances, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, do not conduct the electric current from the volataic battery until they are liquified."" (Abstract).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in 'A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity' p. 197.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42241

‎"HUGGINS, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Spectra of some of the Chemical Elements. Received November 5, - Read December 10, 1863.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1864). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Vol. 154 - Part II, pp. 139-160 and 2 large folded engraved plates.‎

‎First appearance of Huggin's series of spectra done with his new spectroscope made of six prism of heavy glass as a preliminary investigation to the work with the spectroscopy of the stars with the star-spectroscope, as it was necessary to have convenient maps of the spectra of terrestrial elements. Huggins devoted a large part of 1863 to the making of 24 such maps with a train of six prismes. These maps were published in the paper offered.""William Huggins (1824-1910), English astronomer, a pioneer in spectroscopy and photography. He examined spectroscopically the chemical constitution of stars and comets, and the gaseous nature of planetary and diffuse nebulae"" he applied the Doppler Principle to the measurement of the radial velocities of stars, and published an atlas of representative stellar spectra"" (Ripley: Source Book in Astronomy).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42261

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - SELF-INDUCTION DISCOVERED AND INVESTIGATED.‎

‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. - Ninth Series. . 15. On the Influence of an Electric Current on itself: - and on the inductive action of Electric Currents generally. (Sections 1048-1118). Received December 18, 1834.- Read January 29, 1835.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1835). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1835 - Part I. Pp. 41-56., 1 textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a historical paper in which Faraday (independent of Henry's discovery of the same phenomena in 1832)discovers SELF-INDUCTION or the ""extra current"" and points out the importent influence it must have in the construction of electr-magnetic machines (electro-motors).""Faraday showed that the powerful momentary current, which was observed when the circuit was interrupted, was really an induced current governed by the same laws as all other induced currents, but with this peculiarity, that the induced and inducing current now flowed in the same circuit. In fact, the current in its steady state establishes in the surrounding region a magnetic field, whose lines of force are linked with the circuit"" and teh removal of these lines of forcewhen the circuit is broken originates an induced current, which reatly reinforces the primary current just before its final extinction.""(Whittaker in ""A History of the Aether and Electricity"")""In the series of experiments which are detailed in this paper, the author inquires into the causes of some remarkable phenomena relating to the action of an electrical current upon itself, under certain circumstances, wherby its intensity is highly exalted, and occasionally increased to ten, twenty, or even fifty times that which it originally possessed.""(Abstract).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity).The paper is reprinted in Magie: A Source Book in Physics p.485 ff.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42284

‎"ANDREWS, THOMAS. - THE ""CRITICAL TEMPERATURE"" OF GASES.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On the Continuity of the Gaseous and Liquid States of Matter. Received June 14, - Read June 17, 1869.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1870). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1869 - Vol. 159 - Part II. Pp. 575-590 and 1 plate. Clean and fine.‎

‎First apperance of the paper in which Thomas Andrews announces his discovery of the ""CRITICAL POINT"", which states that for every gas there was a temperature above which pressure alone could not liquefy it.""This was a crucial discovery for it pointed the way toward the liquefaction of the permanent gases by demonstrating the necessity of dropping the temperature below the critical point before exerting pressure. This new view led within half a century to the work of Dewar and Kammerlingh-Onnes and the liquefaction of all known gases.""(Asimov).Magie: A Source Book in Physics, pp. 187-192. - Parkinson, Breakthroughs: 1869 C.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42299

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - ON LIQUEFACTION OF GASES.‎

‎On the Liquefaction and Solidification of Bodies generally existing as Gases. Received December 19, 1844, - Read January 9, 1845. (+) Note.- Additional remarks respecting the Condensation of Gases. Received February 20, - Read February 20, 1845.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1845). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1845 - Part I. Pp. 155-177, 1 textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in chemistry in which Faraday takes up a renewed analysis his great discoveries from 1823 in relation to his liquefaction of gases under pressure and the relation to temperatures. Faraday did pioneer work on liquifaction of gases.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42333

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY. - ISOLATION OF BARIUM, MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM AND STRONTIUM FOR THE FIRST TIME.‎

‎Electro-Chemical Researches, on the Decomposition of the Earth" with Observations on the Metals obtained from the alkaline Earths, and on the Amalgam procured from Ammonia. Read June 30th, 1808.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1808). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1808 - Part I. Pp. 333-370. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of a historical paper in chemistry, his third Bakerian Lecture, in which he obtained for the first time, by means of electrolysis, the metals barium, magnesium, calcium and strontium. He further utilized the strong reducing power of potassium to prepare boron.""Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lectures."" - Not in Wheeler Gift. - The Ronalds Library p. 128.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42335

‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - CO-FOUNDING PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Researches on the Arseniates, Phosphates, and Modifications of Phosphoric Acid. Received January 29. Read June 19, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 253-284. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a main paper in the history of chemistry. ""Graham's major contribution to inorganic chemistry is presented in a paper entitled ""Researcheson thee Arseniates, Phosphates....."" 1833 (the paper offered)...his elucidation of the differences between the three phosphoric acids and his discovery of their polybasicity provided Liebig with the clue to the modern concept of polybasic acids...""(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 333).""In the Preface to...Graham's papers...Dr. Angus Smith has indicated in precise...language Graham's position in that chain of thinkers which includes Leucippus, Lucretius, Newton and Dalton (Thorpe)""Thomas Graham, the Scottish Chemist, first president of the Chemical Society of London, and one of the chief founders of physical chemistry. He formulated Graham's Law of diffusion relating the rate of diffusion of gases to their densities, discovered and named the process of dialysis used for separating colloids from crystalloids, studied the three forms of phosphoric and arsenics acids that led to the developpement of the concept of polybasic acids, a major contribution to inorganic chemistry (the paper offered).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42378

‎"WOLLASTON, WILLIAM HYDE. - THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENT RHODIUM.‎

‎On a new Metal, found in crude Platina. Read June 24, 1804.‎

‎(London, Bulwer and Co., 1804). 4to. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London."" Year 1804-Part II. Pp. 419-430. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Wollaston announced his discovery of the metallic element Rhodium.""Dr. Wollaston dissolved a portion of crude platinum in qgua regia, and neutralized the excess acid with caustic soda. He then added salammoniac to precipitate the platinum as ammonium chloroplatinate, and mercurous cyanide to precipitate the palladium as palladium cyanide. After filteringoff the precipitate, he decomposed the excess mercurous cyanide inthe filtarate by adding hydrochloric acid and evaporating to dryness. When he washed the residue with alcohol, everything dissolved except a beautiful dark red powder, which proved to be a double chloride of sodium and a new metal, which because of the rose color of its salts, Dr. Wollaston named 'Rhodium'. He found that the sodium rhodium chloride could be easely reduced by heating it in a current of hydrogen, and that after the sodium chloride had been washed out, the rhodium remained as a metallic powder. he also succeeded in obtaining a rhodium button.""(Weeks: Discovery of the Elements. p. 104-05.)‎

Ссылка продавца : 42469

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY - PROVING THAT CHLORINE IS AN ELEMENT.‎

‎Researches on the oxymuriatic Acid, its Nature and Combinations" and on the Elements of the muriatic Acid. With some Experiments on Sulphur and Phosphorus, made in the Laboratory of the Royal Institution. Read July 12, 1810. (+) The Bakerian Lecture. ...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1810 a. 1811). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 231-257 and 1811 - Part I. Pp. 1-35. Both papers clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of these importent papers in the history of chemistry in which Davy announces his proofs of the elementary nature of clorine, describing the preparation, physical and chemical properties of a new gas, which he called 'euchlorine'. It is unstable and explodes on heating to give chlorine and oxygen. Davy here suggested the name 'chlorine', from a greek work for green, because of the greenish colour of the gas.Thorpe said of this first paper ""As a piece of induction, the memoir is a model of its kind, and as an exercise in ""the scientific use of ofthe imagination"" it has few equals.""Davy's researches on chlorine are of an importence comparable with those on the alkali metals. Chlorine, first discovered by Scheele, was regarded by him as a *dephlogisticated muriatic acid"". As phlogiston was practically synonymous with with hydrogen to Scheele, this view was essentialy correct. Lavoisier, however, chiefly occupied with phenomena of combustion, assumed that chlorien was an oxide of an unknown ""radical"". Davy performed many experiments endeavouring to confirm the presence of oxygen and finally concluded that chlorine was an element.""(A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 244).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42592

‎DALTON, JOHN. - ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE.‎

‎Sequel to an Essay on the Constitution of the Atmosphere in the Philosophical Transactions for 1826" with some Account of the Sulphurets of Lime. Received June 9, - Read June 15, 1837.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1837 - Part II. Pp. 347-363. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Dalton's last paper submitted to the ""Transactions"". This paper, one of his last, deals with the constitution of the atmosphere, just as his first love was meteorology.""In an essay of mine on the constitution of the atmosphere, which was printed in the Transactions for 1826, I signified my intention of following it with a sequel of experiments to ascertain if possible which of the two views therein developed was most counntenanced by facts. I now proceed to give an account of such investigations relating to this subject as havee engaged my attention during a long period of years.""(John Dalton). - (Smith: John Dalton. A Bibliography. No. 78).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42610

‎"BUNSEN, ROBERT & HENRY E. ROSCOE. - THE LAWS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTION.‎

‎Photo-chemical Researches. - Part IV. Received May 26 - Read May 26, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1860). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part II. Pp. 879-926. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance in English of a classic paper in the investigations of chemical reactions produced by lightrays. Their joined work - from 1855-59 - founded scientific photochemistry, by determining the phenomena of induction, deduction and extinction. They found that the beginning of light reaction takes place at first very slowly and that the velocity increases gradually until it attains a constant value, observing also that steam accelerates the action and that air retards it. They also gave proofs of the ""Law of Reciprocity‎

Ссылка продавца : 42633

‎"FRANKLAND, EDWARD & B.F. DUPPA.‎

‎Synthetical Researches on Ethers. - No. 1. Synthesis of Ethers from Acetic Ether. Received July 13, - Read November 16, 1865.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1866). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 156 - Part I, pp. 37-72. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing. As Frankland discovered ""Combining Power"" (= valency), he had introduced powerfull analytical techniques.""From 1863 to 1870 he and Baldwin Duppa exploited zinc etyl and other organic reagents, including ethyl acetate, in the synthesis of ethers, dicaarboxylic acids, unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and hydroxy acids. This meticulousw work revealed clearly the structure and relationship of these compounds, and of course its methodology had great bearing on the growth of the chemical industry.""(DSB, V: p. 126).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42654

‎"HUNT, ROBERT. - EARLY WORK ON PHOTOCHEMISTRY.‎

‎On the Influence of Iodine in rendering several Argentine Compounds, spread on Paper, sensitive to Light, and on a new Method of producing, with greater distinctness, the Photographic Image. Received May 13, - Read June 18, 1840.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E., Taylor, 1843. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1840 - Part II. Pp. 325-334. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a pioneer-paper in the history of early photography.""Robert Hunt (1807-1887) wasibrarian and keeper of mining records at the Museum of Practicalgeology and professor of mechanical engineering at the Royal School of Mines, at London. He carried on numerous photographic and photochemical experiments and he was one of the founders of the London Photographic Society. These experiments with organic and inorganic light-sensitive substances, which, with characteristic unselfiness, he made publicg during the early forties of the lat century, were extremely useful in the study of photochemistry, which was the in its infancy, and were of great servicee for years to those who came after him and used his researches for the basis of their studies.""(Eder: ""History of Photography"", p. 326.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42663

‎"MARGGRAF, ANDREAS SIGISMUND.‎

‎Experiences qui concernant la Régéneration de L'Alun de sa propre Terre, l'apres avoir séparé par L'Acide vitriolique, avec quelques Compositions artificielle de L'Alun par le moyen d'autres Terres, et dudit acide. Traduit de l'Allemand. (+)...‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1756). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Memoires de Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", Annee 1754, tome X, pp. 31-40 a. pp. 41-50 a. pp. 51-68.‎

‎First printing of 3 historical chemical papers.""Stahlregarded alum as a compound of vitriolic acid and lime. Marggraf (1754) found that these substances produce only selenite (gypsum), whic is a salt, not an earth. To obtain alum he treated clay with sulphuric acid, but found that crystals were formed only when potash or ammonia was added, so that alum contains these alkalis. The 'earth of alum' (Alaun-Erde) is a peculiar one, present in combination with silica in clay. It is precipitated by alcali from Alum solution and, after drying in air, is soluble in acids, and is hence an 'alkaline earth'...""(Partington II, p. 727).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42710

‎"THOMSEN, JULIUS.‎

‎Den electromotoriske Kraft udtrykt i Varmeenheder. (Extract from: Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 5te Række, naturvidensk. og Matem. Afdeling, 5te. Bind.).‎

‎(København, 1861). 4to. No wrappers. Uncut and unopened. Nice and clean. (3) pp. + pp. 156-175.‎

‎First printing of Thomsen's influential paper in which he ""fund that the electromotive force can be used to calculate the mechanical work necessary for separating a compound into its elementary particles. In many instances, by measuring the electromotive force Thomsen obtained the same value for the affinity as in previous calorimetric experiments, but in other instances a difference was found. It is now known that the electrochemical measurements are theoretically correct, not the calorimetric ones."" (DSB, XIII, 359 p.)‎

Ссылка продавца : 42732

‎MARGGRAF, (ANDREAS SIGISMUND).‎

‎Observation concernant une Volatilisation remarquable d'une Partie de L'Espece de Pierre, a laquelle on donne les Noms de Flosse, Flüsse, Flus-Spath, et aussi celui D'Hesperos" laquelle Volatilisation a été effectuée au moyen des Acides.‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1770). 4to. No wrappers. As issued in ""Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"" Tome XXIV, pp. 1-11.‎

‎First printing of a paper in which Marggraf ""by distilling fluorspar and sulphuric acid in a glass retort, he thought ..that he had obtained a 'volatile earth' - actually silica, deposited by water in the receiver from the gaseous silicon fluoride.""(Partington, A History of Chemistry II, p. 728).A paper by Johann Gottlieb Gleditsch stitched together with the Marggraf-paper: ""Dissertation Physico-Oeconomique sur la Maniere utile dont on peut employer quelques unes des grande Especes de la Plante dite en Allemand Riedgras (Carex Linnaei, Gen. Plant. 482). Pp.12-41.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42841

‎"HATCHETT, CHARLES.‎

‎Experiments and Observations on the various Alloys, on the specific Gravity, and on the comparative Wear of Gold. Being the Substace of a Report made to the Right Honourable the Lords of the Committee of Privy Counsel, appointed to take into the consi...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1803). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1803 - Part I. Pp. 43-194 a. 1 large folded engraved plate, showing Cavendish's apparatus for measuring wear. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Hatchett's report to the Committee appointed by the Privy Councel ""to take into consideration the state of the coins of this Country...""Towards the end of the 18th century concern was expressed that the economy of the realm was suffering great losses through wear og gold coinage. The Committee appointed Hatchett and Cavendish to ""examine by such experiments as should de deemed requisite, whether any of these defects really existed.""‎

Ссылка продавца : 42849

‎"FOURCROY (ANTOINE FRANCOIS de) ET (N.L.) VAUQUELIN - THE NAMING OF UREA.‎

‎Premiere (- Second) Mémoire Pour servir à l'histoire naturelle, chimique et médicale de l'urine humaine, Contenant quelques faits nouveaux sur son analyse et son altération spontanée, Lu le 11 frimaire an 7 (1799). - (Second Mémoire:) Dans lequel o...‎

‎(Paris, Baudouin, AN XI (1803)). 4to. Without wrappers. Uncut. Extracted from ""Mémoires de L'Institut National des Sciences et Arts"", Tome Quatrieme. Pp. 363-466. A few minor brownspots on the first leaves, otherwise fine and clean, unopened.‎

‎First printing of this importent paper in the history of chemistry, in which the authors gave the first satisfactory account of of urea, which they named.""Hundreds of concretions from various parts of human and animal bodies were analyzed by Fourcroy and Vauquelin. Most were urinary calculi which, independently of Wollaston, they classified according to chemical composition from 1798 onwards.They confirmed the frequent presence of uric acid and phiosphate of lime (discovered in calculi by Scheele and Georg Pearson respectively) and also found urate of ammonia, the double phosphate of magnesia and ammonia, and occasionally other compounds....In an attempt to find why urinary calculi were formed, Fourcroy and Vauquelin investigated urine, and in 1799 they gave (in the paper offered) the first satisfactory account of ures, which hey named....(they) isolated it by recrystallization from alcohol, and in 1808, achieved a purer state by adding alkali to the crystalline nitrate that they had discovered.""(DSB V, p. 92-93).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42886

‎"LOMONOSOW (LOMONOSOV), MICHAELE (MIKHAIL). - THE DISCOVERY OF THE TRANSITION OF A METAL INTO PASSIVE STATE.‎

‎Dissertatio de Actione Menstruorum Chymicorum in Genere. (Considerations of the Action of chemical Solvents).‎

‎(Petropoli (St. Petersbourg), 1750). 4to. Uncut, without wrappers. Extracted from ""Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae"", Tom. I. ad Annum 1747 et 1748. Pp. 245-266 a. 1 engraved plate (ad. p. 251). Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a groundbreaking paper in chemistry in which Lomonosov describes his discovery of the transition of a metal into passive state, and this is the first scientific description of this phenomena. He observed and described fast termination of the dissolution of iron in concentrated nitric acid, and attributed this to a change in the solvent properties.""Lomonosov employed corpuscular mechanics in chemical explanations more extensively than Boyle had done. Treating chemical compounds as particles in adhesion, he held that ""adhesion is eliminated and renewed by means of motion.....since no change in a body can take place withouy motion"". He attempted to apply these theories to chemical phenomena - although he was limited to speculation- in papers on the action of chemical solvents in general..""(DSB VIII, p. 469).""Lomonosov was founder of Russian science, and he would be universally recognized as a great pioneer of science had he been born a West European. He was famous also for his literary works, including poems and dramas. In 1755 he wrote a Russian Grammar that reformed the language and in the same year he helped found the University of Moscow. In 1760 he published the first history of Russia.""(Isaac Asimov).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42895

‎"DAVY, HUMPHRY.‎

‎On a Combination of Oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygene Gas. Read February 21, 1811.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1811). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1811 - Part I. Pp. 155-162. Fine and clean‎

‎First printing of an importent paper in chemistry. Davy's famous papers on the chlorine theory - he proved that chlorine is an element - from 1810 a. 1811 gave rise to a controversy. In the offered paper Davy gives further experimental evidences for his thoey of chlorine and its mixtures.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42921

‎"FRANKLAND, E. (EDWARD).‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - Researches on Organo-metallic Bodies. - Fourth Memoir. Received February 17, - Read March 3, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1859). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part I. Pp. 401-415. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of an importent chemical paper on the organometallic compounds.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42939

‎"FRANKLAND, E. (EDWARD). - INTRODUCING ""VALENCY"" IN CHEMISTRY.‎

‎On a New Series of Organic Bodies containing Metals. Received May 10,- Read June 17,1852.‎

‎London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1852 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1852 - Part II. With titlepage to Part II., pp. 417-444, textillustr. Fine and clean.‎

‎First appearance of an extremely importent paper in the histroy of chemistry as Frankland here introduced the concept of 'VALENCY' - he called it 'atomicity' - to explain the capacity of atoms to combine with other atoms. ""This led not only to the Kekulé structures, but also to the periodic table of Mendeléev, since that table was based on the regular change of valence with atomic weight.""(Asimov).""On May 10 1852 Frankland read to the Royal Society a paper on organic metallic compounds (the paper offered) in which he made the emperical observation that elements possessed fixed combining powers, or ""only room, so to speak, for the attachement of a fixed and definite number of the atoms of other elements."" The expression ""valence"" or ""Valency"" began to be used by other chemists only after 1865, wheras Frankland tended to use the misleading term ""atomicity""....Frankland's teching position at the Royal College of Chemistry and his influence on the Department of Sciences and Art science examinations enembled him to spread the idea through the younger generation of British chemists.""(DSB V, p. 126).The exact inception, however, of the theory of chemical valencies can be traced to an 1852 paper by Edward Frankland, in which he combined the older theories of free radicals and ""type theory"" with thoughts on chemical affinity to show that certain elements have the tendency to combine with other elements to form compounds containing 3, i.e. in the three atom groups (e.g. NO3, NH3, NI3, etc.) or 5, i.e. in the five atom groups (e.g. NO5, NH4O, PO5, etc.), equivalents of the attached elements. It is in this manner, according to Frankland, that their affinities are best satisfied. (Wikepedia).‎

Ссылка продавца : 42941

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY - COMPOUND OR ELEMENTS ?‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. An Account of some new analytical Researches on the Nature of certain Bodies, particularly the Alkalies, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Carbonaceous Matter, and the Acids hitherto undecompounded" with some general Observations on Chemical ...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1809). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1809 - Part I. Pp. 39-104 and 1 engraved plate showing some of the apparatus used in his electrochemical researches. Fine and clean.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in the history of chemistry.In this paper ""he tried one hypthesis after another to account for the ultimate constitution of matter and for the nature of acidity. He believed that the simplicity and harmony of nature demanded that there be very few ultimately distinct forms of matter"" itis ironical that one who held that that the chemical elements were probably all compounds should have been such a frequent discoverer of new elements. Davy was particularlu confused by ammonium amalgam, a pasty material produced when ammonium salts are electrolyzed with a mercury cathode...""(DSB III, p. 602).- Partington IV, pp. 49 ff.‎

Ссылка продавца : 42988

‎"ELLER, (JOHANN THEODOR).‎

‎Essai sur L'origine et la Generation des Metaux.‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1749). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Memoires de L'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres"" tome IX, pp. 1-50.‎

‎First printing of Elle's small history of chemistry, in which he gives an historical review of chemical theories from the Greek period, with special emphasis on the viewa of Becher and Stahl and the theory of phlogiston. Eller held the highest positions in Prussia, professor of anatomy, dean to the Collegium Medico-Chirurgicum, director of the Berlin Academy of Sciences and physician-in-ordinary to Frederick the Great. Together with Georg Ernst Stahl he was responsible for laying the foundation for all subsequent developments in medical services in Prussia. (Partington II:pp. 716-17).‎

Ссылка продавца : 43017

‎"MARGGRAF, ANDREAS SIGISMUND.‎

‎Examen Chymique du Bois de Cedre. Traduit de l'Allemand.‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1755). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Memoires de Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", Annee 1753, tome IX, pp. 73-78.‎

‎First printing.‎

Ссылка продавца : 43020