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1945réf. 017862Washington D. C.: Superintendent Of Documents 1945. Hardcover. Good/No Jacket. 8vo - over 7¾" - 9¾" tall. No Edition Or Printing Stated. Moderate Wear With Bumping To The Spine Ends. Ownership Stamp On The Ffep And The Last Pastedown. Bound In Blue With Gilt Maritime Seal On The Front And Gilt Lettering On The Spine. Hinges Sound. Page Edges Brown Due To Age. Superintendent Of Documents hardcover
1943réf. 89874Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1943. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet printed on both sides. Good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10.5 inches. Folded in half and again in half. Illustrations. Page 1 is titled Why Canned Fruits Vegetables and Soups Are Rationed and Page 2 it title How to Use Your New Ration Book To Buy Canned or Bottled Fruits Vegetables Souls and Juices; Frozen Fruits and Vegetables; Dried Fruits. Use Your OLD Ration Book for Sugar and Coffee. This discusses how items are rationed. This is specific to War Ration Book Two. It discusses BLUE stamps POINT stamps. NUMBER on the POINT stamps. Letters show when to use the stamps. It was noted that citizens "may use ALL the books of the household to buy processed foods for the household. Anyone you wish can take the ration books to the store to do the buying for you or ours household. Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources goods or services or an artificial restriction of demand. Rationing controls the size of the ration which is one person's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time. Rationing in the United States was introduced in stages during World War II with the last of the restrictions ending in June 1947. The Office of Price Administration OPA was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28 1941. The OPA had the power to place ceilings on all prices except agricultural commodities and to ration supplies of other items including tires automobiles shoes nylon sugar gasoline fuel oil coffee meats and processed foods. In the summer of 1941 rationing in the United Kingdom increased because of military needs and German attacks on shipping in the Battle of the Atlantic. The British government appealed to Americans to conserve food to help the UK. The Office of Price Administration OPA warned Americans of potential gasoline steel aluminum and electricity shortages. It believed that with factories converting to military production and consuming many critical supplies rationing would become necessary if the country entered the war. The OPA established a rationing system after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. Each ration stamp had a generic drawing of an airplane gun tank aircraft carrier ear of wheat fruit etc. and a serial number. Some stamps also had alphabetic lettering. The kind and amount of rationed commodities were not specified on most of the stamps and were not defined until later when local newspapers published for example that beginning on a specified date one airplane stamp was required in addition to cash to buy one pair of shoes and one stamp number 30 from ration book four was required to buy five pounds of sugar. The commodity amounts changed from time to time depending on availability. Red stamps were used to ration meat and butter and blue stamps were used to ration processed foods. To enable making change for ration stamps the government issued "red point" tokens to be given in change for red stamps and "blue point" tokens in change for blue stamps. The red and blue tokens were about the size of dimes 0.63 inches and were made of thin compressed wood fiber material because metals were in short supply. There was a black market in stamps. To prevent this the OPA ordered vendors not to accept stamps that they themselves did not tear out of books. Buyers however circumvented this by saying sometimes accurately as the books were not well-made that the stamps had "fallen out". In actuality they may have acquired stamps from other family members or friends or the black market. U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1943réf. 89881Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1943. Presumed First Edition Presumed original issuance to this recipient. Single sheet printed on both sides. Good. The format is approximately 5 inches by 4 inches. This application was sent to OPA Mailing Center in Chicago IL and has a cancelled 3 cent stamp and a cancelation date of in June 1943. This apparently was returned to the applicant who was Arthur S. Galvin of Assumption IL. We believe that this belonged to Arthur Steven Galvin who was born 8 June 1915 - Assumption Christian County Illinois USA and who died 30 August 1989 - Assumption Christian County Illinois USA This RARE surviving ephemera would be appropriate for a museum exhibit or as an important artifact in a prized collection. Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources goods or services or an artificial restriction of demand. Rationing controls the size of the ration which is one person's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time. Rationing in the United States was introduced in stages during World War II with the last of the restrictions ending in June 1947. The Office of Price Administration OPA was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28 1941. The OPA had the power to place ceilings on all prices except agricultural commodities and to ration supplies of other items including tires automobiles shoes nylon sugar gasoline fuel oil coffee meats and processed foods. In the summer of 1941 rationing in the United Kingdom increased because of military needs and German attacks on shipping in the Battle of the Atlantic. The British government appealed to Americans to conserve food to help the UK. The Office of Price Administration OPA warned Americans of potential gasoline steel aluminum and electricity shortages. It believed that with factories converting to military production and consuming many critical supplies rationing would become necessary if the country entered the war. The OPA established a rationing system after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. Each ration stamp had a generic drawing of an airplane gun tank aircraft carrier ear of wheat fruit etc. and a serial number. Some stamps also had alphabetic lettering. The kind and amount of rationed commodities were not specified on most of the stamps and were not defined until later when local newspapers published for example that beginning on a specified date one airplane stamp was required in addition to cash to buy one pair of shoes and one stamp number 30 from ration book four was required to buy five pounds of sugar. The commodity amounts changed from time to time depending on availability. Red stamps were used to ration meat and butter and blue stamps were used to ration processed foods. To enable making change for ration stamps the government issued "red point" tokens to be given in change for red stamps and "blue point" tokens in change for blue stamps. The red and blue tokens were about the size of dimes 0.63 inches and were made of thin compressed wood fiber material because metals were in short supply. There was a black market in stamps. To prevent this the OPA ordered vendors not to accept stamps that they themselves did not tear out of books. Buyers however circumvented this by saying sometimes accurately as the books were not well-made that the stamps had "fallen out". In actuality they may have acquired stamps from other family members or friends or the black market. U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1942réf. 89878Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1942. Presumed First Edition Presumed original issuance to this recipient. Single sheet printed on one side. Good. The format is approximately 7 inches by 3.75 inches. Folded in half and folded again. This RARE surviving ephemera would be appropriate for a museum exhibit or as an important artifact in a prized collection. This appears to have been issued to Cathryn Graham Assumption City in Christian County in the State of Illinois. This Sugar Purchase Certificate was for 52 pounds of sugar pursuant to Rationing Order No. R. It was issued by Local Rationing Board No. 11-1. It is dated May 27 - 42 and was signed by Harold R. Horton Registrar. This copy of a triplicate document was to be retained by the original holder. Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources goods or services or an artificial restriction of demand. Rationing controls the size of the ration which is one person's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time. Rationing in the United States was introduced in stages during World War II with the last of the restrictions ending in June 1947. The Office of Price Administration OPA was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28 1941. The OPA had the power to place ceilings on all prices except agricultural commodities and to ration supplies of other items including tires automobiles shoes nylon sugar gasoline fuel oil coffee meats and processed foods. In the summer of 1941 rationing in the United Kingdom increased because of military needs and German attacks on shipping in the Battle of the Atlantic. The British government appealed to Americans to conserve food to help the UK. The Office of Price Administration OPA warned Americans of potential gasoline steel aluminum and electricity shortages. It believed that with factories converting to military production and consuming many critical supplies rationing would become necessary if the country entered the war. The OPA established a rationing system after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. Each ration stamp had a generic drawing of an airplane gun tank aircraft carrier ear of wheat fruit etc. and a serial number. Some stamps also had alphabetic lettering. The kind and amount of rationed commodities were not specified on most of the stamps and were not defined until later when local newspapers published for example that beginning on a specified date one airplane stamp was required in addition to cash to buy one pair of shoes and one stamp number 30 from ration book four was required to buy five pounds of sugar. The commodity amounts changed from time to time depending on availability. Red stamps were used to ration meat and butter and blue stamps were used to ration processed foods. To enable making change for ration stamps the government issued "red point" tokens to be given in change for red stamps and "blue point" tokens in change for blue stamps. The red and blue tokens were about the size of dimes 0.63 inches and were made of thin compressed wood fiber material because metals were in short supply. There was a black market in stamps. To prevent this the OPA ordered vendors not to accept stamps that they themselves did not tear out of books. Buyers however circumvented this by saying sometimes accurately as the books were not well-made that the stamps had "fallen out". In actuality they may have acquired stamps from other family members or friends or the black market. U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1942réf. 89908Washington DC: Office of Price Administration U.S. Government Printing Office 1942. Presumed First Edition First issuance to this individual. Front and back covers printed on one side staple bound. Fair. The format is approximately 5.75 inches by 4.25 inches Front and back stapled with sheets of removable stamps originally within. MANY War Ration stamps remain Red E F R S T Blue N P Q R S T E F M L K J H G Z Y X W V U Numbers include 1 2 5 and 8. One Blue 5 is detached by present! Office of Price Administration stamp present on front. . Issued by Local Board 6286-1 of Shelby Illinois. This was issued by F. E. Galbreath. This was issued undated. Signed by the issuing official and William A. Ditzler. War ration books varied in design and content throughout the war years. Some were simple booklets with basic information while others included more elaborate instructions and patriotic messages. The stamps inside were often brightly colored and featured images of everyday items like shoes and cooking oil serving as a constant reminder of the sacrifices being made for the war effort. War Ration Book Two - January 1943 was the property of the United States Government. It is unlawful to sell or give it to any other person or to use it or permit anyone else to use it except to obtain rationed goods for the person to whom it was issued. Persons who violate Rationing Regulations are subject to $10000 fine or imprisonment or both. By 1944 whisky had disappeared from liquor store shelves as distilleries converted to the production of industrial alcohol. New car production was banned beginning January 1 1942 as former auto plants switched to the production of military vehicles. The 1943 war ration book is a unique and valuable collectible item that offers a glimpse into the United States’ war effort during World War II. The 1943 war ration book was issued to the American public in 1943 as part of the United States’ war effort. It was used to allocate food fuel and other essential resources to ensure fair distribution and minimize waste. The book contained a series of coupons which could be redeemed for specific goods and services such as gasoline tires sugar and coffee. Civilians first received ration books—War Ration Book Number One or the "Sugar Book"—on 4 May 1942 through more than 100000 schoolteachers PTA groups and other volunteers. Sugar was the first consumer commodity rationed with all sales ended on 27 April 1942 and resumed on 5 May with a ration of 1 2 pound 8 oz per person per week half of normal consumption. Bakeries ice cream makers and other commercial users received rations of about 70% of normal usage. Coffee was rationed nationally on 29 November 1942 to 1 pound every five weeks about half of normal consumption in part because of German attacks on shipping from Brazil. As of 1 March 1942 dog food could no longer be sold in tin cans and manufacturers switched to dehydrated versions. As of 1 April 1942 anyone wishing to purchase a new toothpaste tube then made from metal had to turn in an empty one. By June 1942 companies also stopped manufacturing metal office furniture radios television sets phonographs refrigerators vacuum cleaners washing machines and sewing machines for civilians. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. Office of Price Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1942réf. 89889Washington DC: Office of Price Administration U.S. Government Printing Office 1942. Presumed First Edition First issuance to this individual. Single sheet printed on one side. Fair. The format is approximately 5.25 inches by 6.5 inches folded--with War Ration stamps 19 20 and 22 still attached. Issued by Local Board 82-82 of Wayne County Michigan. This includes the Certificate of Registrar made out to Alena Alta Smith of the city of Detroit. She is reported to be 5 foot 6 inches 190 pounds with black eyes brown hair and 36 years old. She has signed the Certificate of Book Holder that is part of this sheet. This was issued on May 4 1942 by Oscar G. Christensen of Local Board No. 82-82 This was issued on the FIRST day of distribution! Detroit and the industrial region surrounding it was plunged into semi-darkness as all except street lights and in war factories went out for fifteen minutes during a blackout drill on May 4 1942. Civilians first received ration books—War Ration Book Number One or the "Sugar Book"—on 4 May 1942 through more than 100000 schoolteachers PTA groups and other volunteers. Sugar was the first consumer commodity rationed with all sales ended on 27 April 1942 and resumed on 5 May with a ration of 1 2 pound 8 oz per person per week half of normal consumption. Bakeries ice cream makers and other commercial users received rations of about 70% of normal usage. Coffee was rationed nationally on 29 November 1942 to 1 pound every five weeks about half of normal consumption in part because of German attacks on shipping from Brazil. As of 1 March 1942 dog food could no longer be sold in tin cans and manufacturers switched to dehydrated versions. As of 1 April 1942 anyone wishing to purchase a new toothpaste tube then made from metal had to turn in an empty one. By June 1942 companies also stopped manufacturing metal office furniture radios television sets phonographs refrigerators vacuum cleaners washing machines and sewing machines for civilians. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. Office of Price Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1942réf. 89902Washington DC: Office of Price Administation 1942. Presumed First Edition First printing thus. Single sheet printed on both sides. Good. The format is approximately 5 inches by 1.375 inches. Rare surviving item of War Rationing ephemera. This was originally attached to an application to obtain War Ration Book No. 3. The Office of Price Administration OPA was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28 1941. The functions of the OPA were originally to control money price controls and rents after the outbreak of World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated the Council of National Defense Advisory Commission on May 29 19404 to include Price Stabilization and Consumer Protection Divisions. Both divisions merged to become the Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply OPACS within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8734 on April 11 1941. Civil supply functions were transferred to the Office of Production Management. It became an independent agency under the Emergency Price Control Act January 30 1942. The OPA had the power to place ceilings on all prices except agricultural commodities and to ration scarce supplies of other items including tires automobiles shoes nylon sugar gasoline fuel oil coffee meats and processed foods. At the peak almost 90% of retail food prices were frozen. It could also authorize subsidies for production of some of those commodities. Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources goods or services or an artificial restriction of demand. Rationing controls the size of the ration which is one person's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time. Rationing in the United States was introduced in stages during World War II with the last of the restrictions ending in June 1947. In the summer of 1941 rationing in the United Kingdom increased because of military needs and German attacks on shipping in the Battle of the Atlantic. The British government appealed to Americans to conserve food to help the UK. The Office of Price Administration OPA warned Americans of potential gasoline steel aluminum and electricity shortages. It believed that with factories converting to military production and consuming many critical supplies rationing would become necessary if the country entered the war. The OPA established a rationing system after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December. The work of issuing ration books and exchanging used stamps for certificates was handled by some 5500 local ration boards of mostly volunteer workers selected by local officials. Many levels of rationing went into effect. Some items such as sugar were distributed evenly based on the number of people in a household. Other items like gasoline or fuel oil were rationed only to those who could justify a need. Restaurant owners and other merchants were accorded more availability but had to collect ration stamps to restock their supplies. In exchange for used ration stamps ration boards delivered certificates to restaurants and merchants to authorize procurement of more products. Each ration stamp had a generic drawing of an airplane gun tank aircraft carrier ear of wheat fruit etc. and a serial number. Some stamps also had alphabetic lettering. The kind and amount of rationed commodities were not specified on most of the stamps and were not defined until later when local newspapers published for example that beginning on a specified date one airplane stamp was required in addition to cash to buy one pair of shoes and one stamp number 30 from ration book four was required to buy five pounds of sugar. The commodity amounts changed from time to time depending on availability. Red stamps were used to ration meat and butter and blue stamps were used to ration processed foods. To enable making change for ration stamps the government issued "red point" tokens to be given in change for red stamps and "blue point" tokens in change for blue stamps. The red and blue tokens were about the size of dimes 0.63 in and were made of thin compressed wood fiber material because metals were in short supply. There was a black market in stamps. To prevent this the OPA ordered vendors not to accept stamps that they themselves did not tear out of books. Buyers however circumvented this by saying sometimes accurately as the books were not well-made that the stamps had "fallen out". In actuality they may have acquired stamps from other family members or friends or the black market. Most rationing restrictions ended in August 1945 except for sugar rationing which lasted until 1947 in some parts of the country. Office of Price Administation unknown
1943réf. 89911Washington DC: Office of Price Administration U.S. Government Printing Office 1943. Presumed First Edition First issuance to this individual. Front and back covers printed on one side with stamp sheets inside. Fair. The format is approximately 11.5 inches by 4.25 inches This has sheets of removable stamps originally within. MANY War Ration stamps remain some with numbers and letter some with numbers and illustrations. Office of Price Administration stamp present on front with number 144930EL different from number on the booklet! This was issued undated. Signed by Arcelia C. Ditzler. War ration books varied in design and content throughout the war years. Some were simple booklets with basic information while others included more elaborate instructions and patriotic messages. The stamps inside were often brightly colored and featured images of everyday items like shoes and cooking oil serving as a constant reminder of the sacrifices being made for the war effort. War Ration Book Two - January 1943 was the property of the United States Government. It is unlawful to sell or give it to any other person or to use it or permit anyone else to use it except to obtain rationed goods for the person to whom it was issued. Persons who violate Rationing Regulations are subject to $10000 fine or imprisonment or both. By 1944 whisky had disappeared from liquor store shelves as distilleries converted to the production of industrial alcohol. New car production was banned beginning January 1 1942 as former auto plants switched to the production of military vehicles. This is believed to belong to Arcelia Ceora “Celia” Chapman Ditzler Born 8 Sep 1854 in Ohio who died Aug 1952 Shelby County Illinois. This War Ration Books listed Shelbyville Illinois as Mrs. Ditzler's city and state. The 1943 war ration book is a unique and valuable collectible item that offers a glimpse into the United States’ war effort during World War II. The 1943 war ration book was issued to the American public in 1943 as part of the United States’ war effort. It was used to allocate food fuel and other essential resources to ensure fair distribution and minimize waste. The book contained a series of coupons which could be redeemed for specific goods and services such as gasoline tires sugar and coffee. Civilians first received ration books—War Ration Book Number One or the "Sugar Book"—on 4 May 1942 through more than 100000 schoolteachers PTA groups and other volunteers. Sugar was the first consumer commodity rationed with all sales ended on 27 April 1942 and resumed on 5 May with a ration of 1 2 pound 8 oz per person per week half of normal consumption. Bakeries ice cream makers and other commercial users received rations of about 70% of normal usage. Coffee was rationed nationally on 29 November 1942 to 1 pound every five weeks about half of normal consumption in part because of German attacks on shipping from Brazil. As of 1 March 1942 dog food could no longer be sold in tin cans and manufacturers switched to dehydrated versions. As of 1 April 1942 anyone wishing to purchase a new toothpaste tube then made from metal had to turn in an empty one. By June 1942 companies also stopped manufacturing metal office furniture radios television sets phonographs refrigerators vacuum cleaners washing machines and sewing machines for civilians. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. Office of Price Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1943réf. 89909Washington DC: Office of Price Administration U.S. Government Printing Office 1943. Presumed First Edition First issuance to this individual. Single sheet printed on one side. Fair. The format is approximately 11.25 inches by 4.25 inches folded in half with removable stamps originally within. Many War Ration stamps remain. First sheet has ration stamps 1-48 intact with an artillery piece illustration . Sheet 2 is 1-48 with a tank illustration. Sheet 3 is 1-48 with a ship illustration. Sheet 4 has 4-48 illustrated with an airplane illustrations. Four stamps laid in G1 H 1 H2 and H3 with a torch illustration laid in may not have been part of Book Three. This was issued undated. Signed Alena A. Smith. Ms. Smith was 38 years of age a female weighing 195 pounds and standing 5 foot six inches. Her occupation was an Inspector. War ration books varied in design and content throughout the war years. Some were simple booklets with basic information while others included more elaborate instructions and patriotic messages. The stamps inside were often brightly colored and featured images of everyday items like shoes and cooking oil serving as a constant reminder of the sacrifices being made for the war effort. War Ration Book Two - January 1943 was the property of the United States Government. It is unlawful to sell or give it to any other person or to use it or permit anyone else to use it except to obtain rationed goods for the person to whom it was issued. Persons who violate Rationing Regulations are subject to $10000 fine imprisonment or both. By 1944 whisky had disappeared from stores as distilleries converted to the production of industrial alcohol. New car production was banned as of January 1 1942 as former auto plants switched to the production of military vehicles. Civilians first received ration books—War Ration Book Number One or the "Sugar Book"—on 4 May 1942 through more than 100000 schoolteachers PTA groups and other volunteers. Sugar was the first consumer commodity rationed with all sales ended on 27 April 1942 and resumed on 5 May with a ration of 1 2 pound 8 oz per person per week half of normal consumption. Bakeries ice cream makers and other commercial users received rations of about 70% of normal usage. Coffee was rationed nationally on 29 November 1942 to 1 pound every five weeks about half of normal consumption in part because of German attacks on shipping from Brazil. As of 1 March 1942 dog food could no longer be sold in tin cans and manufacturers switched to dehydrated versions. As of 1 April 1942 anyone wishing to purchase a new toothpaste tube then made from metal had to turn in an empty one. By June 1942 companies also stopped manufacturing metal office furniture radios television sets phonographs refrigerators vacuum cleaners washing machines and sewing machines for civilians. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. Office of Price Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
1943réf. 89910Washington DC: Office of Price Administration U.S. Government Printing Office 1943. Presumed First Edition First issuance to this individual. Single sheet printed on one side with stamps inside. Fair. The format is approximately 11.25 inches by 4.25 inches folded in half with removable stamps originally within. Many War Ration stamps remain. First sheet has ration stamps 1-48 intact with an artillery piece illustration . Sheet 2 is 1-48 with a tank illustration. Sheet 3 is 1-48 with a ship illustration. Sheet 4 has 2-48 illustrated with an airplane. This was issued undated. Signed Elmer Schurtze. Not otherwise filled out. Ink notation at bottom front as Book 4. War ration books varied in design and content throughout the war years. Some were simple booklets with basic information while others included more elaborate instructions and patriotic messages. The stamps inside were often brightly colored and featured images of everyday items like shoes and cooking oil serving as a constant reminder of the sacrifices being made for the war effort. War Ration Book Two - January 1943 was the property of the United States Government. It is unlawful to sell or give it to any other person or to use it or permit anyone else to use it except to obtain rationed goods for the person to whom it was issued. Persons who violate Rationing Regulations are subject to $10000 fine imprisonment or both. By 1944 whisky had disappeared from stores as distilleries converted to the production of industrial alcohol. New car production was banned as of January 1 1942 as former auto plants switched to the production of military vehicles. The official War Ration book four was released in late 1943. Form No. R-145 Civilians first received ration books—War Ration Book Number One or the "Sugar Book"—on 4 May 1942 through more than 100000 schoolteachers PTA groups and other volunteers. Sugar was the first consumer commodity rationed with all sales ended on 27 April 1942 and resumed on 5 May with a ration of 1 2 pound 8 oz per person per week half of normal consumption. Bakeries ice cream makers and other commercial users received rations of about 70% of normal usage. Coffee was rationed nationally on 29 November 1942 to 1 pound every five weeks about half of normal consumption in part because of German attacks on shipping from Brazil. As of 1 March 1942 dog food could no longer be sold in tin cans and manufacturers switched to dehydrated versions. As of 1 April 1942 anyone wishing to purchase a new toothpaste tube then made from metal had to turn in an empty one. By June 1942 companies also stopped manufacturing metal office furniture radios television sets phonographs refrigerators vacuum cleaners washing machines and sewing machines for civilians. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. By the end of 1942 ration coupons were used for nine other items: typewriters gasoline bicycles shoes rubber footwear silk nylon fuel oil and stoves. Meat lard shortening and food oils cheese butter margarine processed foods canned bottled and frozen dried fruits canned milk firewood and coal jams jellies and fruit butter were rationed by November 1943. Many retailers welcomed rationing because they were already experiencing shortages of many items due to rumors and panics such as flashlights and batteries after Pearl Harbor. Ration Book Number Five is a very rare ration book only issued to very few people. Office of Price Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
2008réf. 88971Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2008. Presumed First Edition First printing this. Single sticker sheet printed on both sides peal line is about at the diameter line. Very good. The format is a circle with a 4 inch diameter. Sticker seam at the back is at the mid-point. Rare surviving copy. One side is a version of the ARES logo originally designed by Star Trek artist Michael Okuda with 10 stars and a rocket ascending but no image of Earth in the background. The other side has the following text: NASA's Ares I-X Flight Test Vehicle NASA's first flight test of the full rocket for the agency's next-generation spacecraft and launch vehicle systems is launching in 2009. The flight test called Ares I-X will bring NASA one step closer to its exploration goals--to return to the moon for more ambitious exploration of the lunar surface ad to travel to Mars and destinations beyond." Then two links to on-line resources. Ares I-X was the first-stage prototype and design concept demonstrator of Ares I a launch system for human spaceflight developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA. Ares I-X was successfully launched on October 28 2009. The Ares I-X vehicle used in the test flight was similar in shape mass and size to the planned configuration of later Ares I vehicles but had largely dissimilar internal hardware consisting of only one powered stage. By flying the vehicle through first-stage separation the test flight also verified the performance and dynamics of the Ares I solid rocket booster in a "single stick" arrangement which is different from the solid rocket booster's then-current “double-booster” configuration alongside the external tank on the space shuttle. Ares I was the crew launch vehicle that was being developed by NASA as part of the Constellation program. The name "Ares" refers to the Greek deity Ares who is identified with the Roman god Mars. Ares I was originally known as the "Crew Launch Vehicle" CLV. NASA planned to use Ares I to launch Orion the spacecraft intended for NASA human spaceflight missions after the Space Shuttle was retired in 2011. Ares I was to complement the larger uncrewed Ares V which was the cargo launch vehicle for Constellation. NASA selected the Ares designs for their anticipated overall safety reliability and cost-effectiveness. However the Constellation program including Ares I was canceled by U.S. president Barack Obama in October 2010 with the passage of his 2010 NASA authorization bill. In September 2011 NASA detailed the Space Launch System as its new vehicle for human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. Unlike the Space Shuttle where both crew and cargo were launched simultaneously on the same rocket the plans for Project Constellation outlined having two separate launch vehicles the Ares I and the Ares V for crew and cargo respectively. Having two separate launch vehicles allows for more specialized designs for the crew and heavy cargo launch rockets. The Ares I rocket was specifically being designed to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. Orion was intended as a crew capsule similar in design to the Apollo program capsule to transport astronauts to the International Space Station the Moon and eventually Mars. Ares I might have also delivered some limited resources to orbit including supplies for the International Space Station or subsequent delivery to the planned lunar base. NASA selected Alliant Techsystems the builder of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters as the prime contractor for the Ares I first stage. NASA announced that Rocketdyne would be the main subcontractor for the J-2X rocket engine on July 16 2007. NASA selected Boeing to provide and install the avionics for the Ares I rocket on December 12 2007. On August 28 2007 NASA awarded the Ares I Upper Stage manufacturing contract to Boeing. The upper stage of Ares I was to have been built at Michoud Aerospace Factory which was used for the Space Shuttle's External Tank and the Saturn V's S-IC first stage. The Ares V formerly known as the Cargo Launch Vehicle or CaLV was the planned cargo launch component of the canceled NASA Constellation program which was to have replaced the Space Shuttle after its retirement in 2011. Ares V was also planned to carry supplies for a human presence on Mars. The Ares V was to launch the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander for NASA's return to the Moon which was planned for 2019. It would also have served as the principal launcher for missions beyond the Earth-Moon system including the program's ultimate goal a crewed mission to Mars. The uncrewed Ares V would complement the smaller and human-rated Ares I rocket for the launching of the 4–6 person Orion spacecraft. Both rockets deemed safer than the then-current Space Shuttle would have employed technologies developed for the Apollo program the Shuttle program and the Delta IV EELV program. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown
2008réf. 86169Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2008. Presumed First Edition First printing thus. Single sheet sticker of mission logo patch printed on both sides. Very good. Format is a circle with a diameter of approximately 3.75 inches. Front is a colorful image of a spacecraft with a launch trajectory to a star and a large XX at the base. The top of the image has a red gray and blue arc. The text on the back reads: Expedition 20 Patch Description The Expedition 20 patch symbolized a new era in space exploration with the first six-person crew living and working onboard the International Space Station ISS and represents the significance of the ISS to the exploration goals of NASA and its international partners. The six gold start signify the men and women of the crew. The astronaut symbol extends from the base of the patch to the stat as the top to represent the international team both on the ground and on orbit that are working together to further our knowledge of living and working in space. The space station in the foreground represents where we are now and the important role it is playing toward meeting our exploration goals. The knowledge and expertise developed from these advancements will enable us to once again leave low-Earth orbit for the new challenges of establishing a permanent presence on the Moon and then on to Mars. The blue gray and red arcs represent our exploration goals as symbols of the Earth Moon and Mars. Logos of NASA ad Space Flight Awareness are present as is information on an on-line resource. Expedition 20 was the 20th long-duration flight to the International Space Station. The expedition marked the first time a six-member crew inhabited the station. Because each Soyuz-TMA spacecraft could hold only three people two separate launches were necessary: Soyuz TMA-14 launched on 26 March 2009 and Soyuz TMA-15 followed on 27 May 2009. Soyuz TMA-15 launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome at 10:34 UTC on 27 May 2009. The vehicle docked with the station on 29 May 2009 officially changing the Soyuz TMA-14 crew from Expedition 19 to Expedition 20. Gennady Padalka was the first commander of a six-member station crew and the first commander of two consecutive expeditions Expedition 19 and 20. Nicole Stott was the final expedition astronaut to be launched on the shuttle. During the expedition Koichi Wakata performed a special experiment wherein he did not change his underpants for one month in order to test a specially-designed underwear without washing or changing; he reportedly did not develop body odor due to the effects of the special garment. The station would not be permanently occupied by six crew members all year. For example when the Expedition 20 crew Roman Romanenko Frank De Winne and Bob Thirsk returned to Earth in November 2009 for a period of about two weeks only two crew members Jeff Williams and Max Surayev were aboard. This increased to five in early December when Oleg Kotov Timothy Creamer and Soichi Noguchi arrived on Soyuz TMA-17. It decreased to three when Williams and Surayev departed in March 2010 and finally returned to six in April 2010 with the arrival of Soyuz TMA-18 carrying Aleksandr Skvortsov Mikhail Korniyenko and Tracy Caldwell Dyson. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown
2011réf. 86173Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2011. Presumed first edition first printing thus. Single sheet printed on one side. Very good. The format is approximately 4.25 inches by 5.5 inches. Illustration and text on one side. The other side is blank. RARE surviving commemorative item of the last Space Shuttle launch!!! The STS-135 Launch Salute was in honor of the hundreds of thousands of men and women who have devoted their time careers and passion over the previous 40 years to the success of the Space Shuttle Program and in remembrance of the Challenger and Columbia crews who paid the ultimate price we ask you to join and raise hands as you watch Atlantis ascend into the heavens during the final space shuttle launch. At ten seconds to liftoff stand up. at liftoff join and raise hands For first ten second of flight keep hands raised. With this gesture we convey the thanks of a grateful nation and world for the legacy of space exploration that has been set for the future. NASA continues preparations for the mission that everyone hopes will never be needed: the STS-335 flight to rescue the STS-134 crew in the event that Endeavour becomes disabled during the program’s planned final flight. STS-135 ISS assembly flight ULF7 was the 135th and final mission of the American Space Shuttle program. It used the orbiter Atlantis and hardware originally processed for the STS-335 contingency mission which was not flown. STS-135 launched on July 8 2011 and landed on July 21 2011 following a one-day mission extension. The four-person crew was the smallest of any shuttle mission since STS-6 in April 1983. The mission's primary cargo was the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module MPLM Raffaello and a Lightweight Multi-Purpose Carrier LMC which were delivered to the International Space Station ISS. The flight of Raffaello marked the only time that Atlantis carried an MPLM. Although the mission was authorized it initially had no appropriation in the NASA budget raising questions about whether the mission would fly. On January 20 2011 program managers changed STS-335 to STS-135 on the flight manifest. This allowed for training and other mission specific preparations. On February 13 2011 program managers told their workforce that STS-135 would fly regardless of the funding situation via a continuing resolution. Until this point there had been no official references to the STS-135 mission in NASA documentation for the general public. During an address at the Marshall Space Flight Center on November 16 2010 NASA administrator Charles Bolden said that the agency needed to fly STS-135 to the station in 2011 due to possible delays in the development of commercial rockets and spacecraft designed to transport cargo to the ISS. "We are hoping to fly a third shuttle mission in addition to STS-133 and STS-134 in June 2011 what everybody calls the launch-on-need mission. and that's really needed to buy down the risk for the development time for commercial cargo" Bolden said. The mission was included in NASA's 2011 authorization which was signed into law on October 11 2010 but funding remained dependent on a subsequent appropriations bill. United Space Alliance signed a contract extension for the mission along with STS-134; the contract contained six one-month options with NASA in order to support continuing operations. The federal budget approved in April 2011 called for US$5.5 billion for NASA's space operations division including the shuttle and space station programs. According to NASA the budget running through September 30 2011 ended all concerns about funding the STS-135 mission. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown
2007réf. 86168Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2007. Presumed First Edition First printing. Single sheet sticker of mission patch printed on both sides. Very good. The format is 4.5 inches by 4.5 inches. The design is one square offset over a square of equal size making an eight-pointed 'star'. The base square has the number 122 in the upper left corner the alphanumeric 1E in the upper right corner and part of a graphic design in the lower two corners that blend into the graphic on the main square. The square has an image of the earth and one of a figure of a sailing ship 'morphing' into the space shuttle One the four sides are the crew names of Eyharts o Frick o Poindexter o Walheim o Melvin o Schelgel o Love. On the reverse there is text which reads STS-122 Patch Description The primary objective of the STS-122 mission is to install and outfit the European Space Agency's Columbus laboratory module. Atlantis will rendezvous and dock with the International Space Station ISS on flight day three and Leopold Eyharts will official become a member of the ISS crew replacing Dan Tani who will return to Earth as part of the STS-122 crew. The crew will conduct three spacewalks to prepare the Columbus module and replace a nitrogen tank on the station. The STS-122 patch depicts the continuation of the voyages of early explorers to today's frontier: space. The ship denotes the travels of the early expeditions from the East to the West. The shuttle shows the continuation of that journey along the orbital patch from west to east. A little more than 500 years after Columbus sailed to the new world the STS-122 crew will bring the European laboratory module ":Columbus" to the ISS to usher in a new ear of scientific discovery. NASA and Space Flight Awareness logos. STS-122 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station ISS flown by the Space Shuttle Atlantis. STS-122 marked the 24th shuttle mission to the ISS and the 121st Space Shuttle flight overall. The mission was also referred to as ISS-1E by the ISS program. The primary objective of STS-122 was to deliver the European Columbus science laboratory built by the European Space Agency ESA to the station. It also returned Expedition 16 Flight Engineer Daniel M. Tani to Earth. Tani was replaced on Expedition 16 by Léopold Eyharts a French Flight Engineer representing ESA. After Atlantis landing the orbiter was prepared for STS-125 the final servicing mission for the Hubble Space Telescope. The original target launch date for STS-122 was December 6 2007 but due to engine cutoff sensor ECO reading errors the launch was postponed to December 9 2007. During the second launch attempt the sensors failed again and the launch was halted. A tanking test on December 18 2007 revealed the probable cause to lie with a connector between the external tank and the shuttle. The connector was replaced and the shuttle launched during the third attempt on February 7 2008. Columbus is a science laboratory that is part of the International Space Station ISS and is the largest single contribution to the ISS made by the European Space Agency ESA. Like the Harmony and Tranquility modules the Columbus laboratory was constructed in Turin Italy by Thales Alenia Space. The functional equipment and software of the lab was designed by EADS in Bremen Germany. It was also integrated in Bremen before being flown to the Kennedy Space Center KSC in Florida in an Airbus Beluga. It was launched aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis on 7 February 2008 on flight STS-122. It is designed for ten years of operation. The module is controlled by the Columbus Control Centre located at the German Space Operations Center part of the German Aerospace Center in Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich Germany. The European Space Agency has spent €1.4 billion about US$2 billion on building Columbus including the experiments it carries and the ground control infrastructure necessary to operate them. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown
2007réf. 86172Washington DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration c2007. Presumed First Edition First printing this. Single sticker sheet printed on both sides peal line is about one third up from the trangle's base. Very good. Michael Okuda. The format is an equilateral triangle with each side measuring approximately 5 inches. Rare surviving copy. One side is the ARES logo designed by Star Trek artist Michael Okuda. The other side has the following text: The Ares Projects The United States is leading the next phase of human Space exploration. The journey begins with two new launch vehicles--the Ares I crew launch vehicle and the Area V cargo launch vehicle--being developed by the Ares Projects managed out of NASA'a Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville Alabama. These launch vehicles were for missions to the International Space Station the Moon and beyond. The rockets are part of NASA's Constellation fleet which includes the Orion crew exploration vehicles a lunar lander habitats rovers and scientific equipment. Space exploration propelled by the area rockets promotes leading-edge science leads to innovative technologies and products expands economic opportunities and inspires the next generation of scientists and explorers. Star Trek artist Michael Okuda designed the Ares logo which will adorn both Ares I and Ares V. The Logo's 10 stars represent 10 NASA centers that ware working on the new vehicles. A bright star representing the Ares rocket ascends above Earth's outline depicted in the background. Michael Okuda is an American graphic designer known for his work on Star Trek including designing computer user interfaces known as "okudagrams". His work for NASA's Project Constellation subsequently canceled included logos for the Ares booster the Altair lunar lander and the Orion spacecraft. Ares I was the crew launch vehicle that was being developed by NASA as part of the Constellation program. The name "Ares" refers to the Greek deity Ares who is identified with the Roman god Mars. Ares I was originally known as the "Crew Launch Vehicle" CLV. NASA planned to use Ares I to launch Orion the spacecraft intended for NASA human spaceflight missions after the Space Shuttle was retired in 2011. Ares I was to complement the larger uncrewed Ares V which was the cargo launch vehicle for Constellation. NASA selected the Ares designs for their anticipated overall safety reliability and cost-effectiveness. However the Constellation program including Ares I was canceled by U.S. president Barack Obama in October 2010 with the passage of his 2010 NASA authorization bill. In September 2011 NASA detailed the Space Launch System as its new vehicle for human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. Unlike the Space Shuttle where both crew and cargo were launched simultaneously on the same rocket the plans for Project Constellation outlined having two separate launch vehicles the Ares I and the Ares V for crew and cargo respectively. Having two separate launch vehicles allows for more specialized designs for the crew and heavy cargo launch rockets. The Ares I rocket was specifically being designed to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. Orion was intended as a crew capsule similar in design to the Apollo program capsule to transport astronauts to the International Space Station the Moon and eventually Mars. Ares I might have also delivered some limited resources to orbit including supplies for the International Space Station or subsequent delivery to the planned lunar base. NASA selected Alliant Techsystems the builder of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters as the prime contractor for the Ares I first stage. NASA announced that Rocketdyne would be the main subcontractor for the J-2X rocket engine on July 16 2007. NASA selected Boeing to provide and install the avionics for the Ares I rocket on December 12 2007. On August 28 2007 NASA awarded the Ares I Upper Stage manufacturing contract to Boeing. The upper stage of Ares I was to have been built at Michoud Aerospace Factory which was used for the Space Shuttle's External Tank and the Saturn V's S-IC first stage. The Ares V formerly known as the Cargo Launch Vehicle or CaLV was the planned cargo launch component of the canceled NASA Constellation program which was to have replaced the Space Shuttle after its retirement in 2011. Ares V was also planned to carry supplies for a human presence on Mars. The Ares V was to launch the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander for NASA's return to the Moon which was planned for 2019. It would also have served as the principal launcher for missions beyond the Earth-Moon system including the program's ultimate goal a crewed mission to Mars. The uncrewed Ares V would complement the smaller and human-rated Ares I rocket for the launching of the 4–6 person Orion spacecraft. Both rockets deemed safer than the then-current Space Shuttle would have employed technologies developed for the Apollo program the Shuttle program and the Delta IV EELV program. National Aeronautics and Space Administration unknown
1959réf. 88472Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 1959. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Good. The format is approximately 10.5 inches by 8.5 inches. 32 pages plus covers. Wraps. Illustrations photographs and drawings. Diagrams. Tabular Data. Some wear and soiling to covers. On July 29 1958 President Eisenhower signed an act of Congress creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The act declared "that is is the policy of the United States that activities in space should be devoted to peaceful purposes for the benefit of mankind." On October 1 1958 this new agency was established. This 1959 initial publication there were later editions/versions is thus one of the earliest official NASA publications. This work briefly presents a historical perspective then discusses Sounding Rockets Satellites and Space Probes Manned Space Flight Human Factors and Future Explorations. NASA traces its roots to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics NACA. Despite being the birthplace of aviation by 1914 the United States recognized that it was far behind Europe in aviation capability. Determined to regain American leadership in aviation the United States Congress created the Aviation Section of the U.S. Army Signal Corps in 1914 and established NACA in 1915 to foster aeronautical research and development. Over the next forty years NACA would conduct aeronautical research in support of the U.S. Air Force U.S. Army U.S. Navy and the civil aviation sector. After the end of World War II NACA became interested in the possibilities of guided missiles and supersonic aircraft developing and testing the Bell X-1 in a joint program with the U.S. Air Force. NACA's interest in space grew out of its rocketry program at the Pilotless Aircraft Research Division. The Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik 1 ushered in the Space Age and kicked off the Space Race. Despite NACA's early rocketry program the responsibility for launching the first American satellite fell to the Naval Research Laboratory's Project Vanguard whose operational issues ensured the Army Ballistic Missile Agency would launch Explorer 1 America's first satellite on February 1 1958. The Eisenhower Administration decided to split the United States' military and civil spaceflight programs which were organized together under the Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency. As the United States' premier aeronautics agency NACA formed the core of NASA's new structure by reassigning it its 8000 employees and three major research laboratories. NASA also proceeded to absorb the Naval Research Laboratory's Project Vanguard the Army's Jet Propulsion Laboratory JPL and the Army Ballistic Missile Agency under Wernher von Braun. This left NASA firmly as the United States' civil space lead and the Air Force as the military space lead. U. S. Government Printing Office paperback
2011réf. 86082Houston TX: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center 2011. Presumed First Edition First printing of multiple originals. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the four astronauts/Shuttle Crew members. On the other side are primarily four columns of text one column for each of the crew members with a small one-column spread with a picture of the four crew members at the top left corner and a larger two-column spread with an illustration of the STS-135 Mission Patch and a text description. The four crew members were Commander Christopher J. Ferguson Captain United States Navy ret. Pilot Douglas G. Hurley Colonel U.S. Marine Corps Mission Specialist Sandra H. Magnus Ph.D. and Mission Specialist Rex J. Wallheim Colonel U.S. Air Force ret. The STS-135 patch represent the Space Shuttle embarking on its mission to resupply the International Space Station. The Shuttle is centered over elements of the NASA emblem depicting how the Space Shuttle has been at the heart of NASA for the previous 30 years. The Patch also pays tribute to the entire NASA and contractor team that made possible all the incredible accomplishments of the Space Shuttle. Omega the last letter in the Greek alphabet signifies that this mission is the last flight of the Space Shuttle Program. STS-135 ISS assembly flight ULF7 was the 135th and final mission of the American Space Shuttle program. It used the orbiter Atlantis and hardware originally processed for the STS-335 contingency mission which was not flown. STS-135 launched on July 8 2011 and landed on July 21 2011 following a one-day mission extension. The four-person crew was the smallest of any shuttle mission since STS-6 in April 1983. The mission's primary cargo was the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module MPLM Raffaello and a Lightweight Multi-Purpose Carrier LMC which were delivered to the International Space Station ISS. The flight of Raffaello marked the only time that Atlantis carried an MPLM. Although the mission was authorized it initially had no appropriation in the NASA budget raising questions about whether the mission would fly. On January 20 2011 program managers changed STS-335 to STS-135 on the flight manifest. This allowed for training and other mission specific preparations. On February 13 2011 program managers told their workforce that STS-135 would fly regardless of the funding situation via a continuing resolution. Until this point there had been no official references to the STS-135 mission in NASA documentation for the general public. During an address at the Marshall Space Flight Center on November 16 2010 NASA administrator Charles Bolden said that the agency needed to fly STS-135 to the station in 2011 due to possible delays in the development of commercial rockets and spacecraft designed to transport cargo to the ISS. "We are hoping to fly a third shuttle mission in addition to STS-133 and STS-134 in June 2011 what everybody calls the launch-on-need mission. and that's really needed to buy down the risk for the development time for commercial cargo" Bolden said. The mission was included in NASA's 2011 authorization which was signed into law on October 11 2010 but funding remained dependent on a subsequent appropriations bill. United Space Alliance signed a contract extension for the mission along with STS-134; the contract contained six one-month options with NASA in order to support continuing operations. The federal budget approved in April 2011 called for US$5.5 billion for NASA's space operations division including the shuttle and space station programs. According to NASA the budget running through September 30 2011 ended all concerns about funding the STS-135 mission. The reduced crew size also allowed the mission to maximize the payload carried to the ISS.20 It was the only time that a Shuttle crew of four flew to the ISS. The last shuttle mission to fly with just four crew members occurred 28 years earlier. The Multi-Purpose Logistics Module MPLM Raffaello made up the majority of the payload. This was Raffaello's fourth trip to the International Space Station since 2001 and the 12th use of an MPLM. Unlike previous MPLM missions that delivered large compartments and devices to outfit the space station laboratories STS-135 delivered only bags and supply containers. The MPLM was filled with 16 resupply racks which is the maximum that it could handle. Eight Resupply Stowage Platforms RSPs two Integrated Stowage Platforms ISPs six Resupply Stowage Racks RSRs and one Zero-G Stowage Rack ZSR which sits above another rack during transport. On flight day 4 Raffaello was lifted out of Atlantis's payload bay using the station's Canadarm2. It was berthed to nadir port of the Harmony node. After completing the cargo transfers to the ISS Raffaello was loaded with almost 5700 pounds of unneeded equipment and station waste to be brought back to Earth. On flight day 11 the MPLM was detached from Harmony and was secured in the cargo bay of the shuttle. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center unknown
2010réf. 86164Houston TX: National Astronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center 2010. Presumed First Edition First printing. This is one of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the six members of the Crew of Space Shuttle Mission STS-133. On the other side there are four columns. At the top of the left column is a small photograph of the crew with last names present. At the bottom of the right two columns is a description of the STS-133 mission patch. The crew members were Commander Steven W. Lindsey Colonel USAF RET. Pilot Eric A. Boe Colonel USAF Specialist Benjamin Alvin Drew Jr. Colonel USAF Specialist Timothy L. Kopra Colonel USA Specialist Michael R. Barratt M.D and Specialist Nicole Passonne Stott. Tim Kopra was injured and was replaced by Stephen Bowen--making this photograph a rarity. In the foreground a solitary orbiter ascends into a dark blue sky above a roiling fiery plume. A spray of stars surrounds the orbiter and a top lit crescent forms the background behind the ascent. The mission number STS-133 is emblazoned on the patch center and crewmembers' names are listed on a sky-blue border around the scene. The Shuttle Discovery is depicted ascending on a plume of flame as if it is just beginning a mission. However it is just the orbiter as it would be at mission's end. This is to signify Discovery's completion of its operational life and the beginning of its new role as a symbol of NASA's and the nation's proud legacy in human spaceflight. The Shuttle Discovery is depicted ascending on a plume of flame as if it is just beginning a mission. However it is just the orbiter without boosters or an external tank as it would be at mission's end. This is to signify Discovery's completion of its operational life and the beginning of its new role as a symbol of NASA's and the nation's proud legacy in human spaceflight. STS-133 ISS assembly flight ULF5 was the 133rd mission in NASA's Space Shuttle program; during the mission Space Shuttle Discovery docked with the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 39th and final mission. The mission launched on February 24 2011 and landed on March 9 2011. The crew consisted of six American astronauts all of whom had been on prior spaceflights headed by Commander Steven Lindsey. The crew joined the long-duration six person crew of Expedition 26 who were already aboard the space station. About a month before lift-off one of the original crew members Tim Kopra was injured in a bicycle accident. He was replaced by Stephen Bowen. The mission transported several items to the space station including the Permanent Multipurpose Module Leonardo which was left permanently docked to one of the station's ports. The shuttle also carried the third of four ExPRESS Logistics Carriers to the ISS as well as a humanoid robot called Robonaut. The mission marked both the 133rd flight of the Space Shuttle program and the 39th and final flight of Discovery with the orbiter completing a cumulative total of a whole year 365 days in space. The mission was affected by a series of delays due to technical problems with the external tank and to a lesser extent the payload. The launch initially scheduled for September 2010 was pushed back to October then to November then finally to February 2011. The mission commander Steven Lindsey handed over his position as Chief of the Astronaut Office position to Peggy Whitson in order to lead the mission. For the first time two mission crew members were in space when a crew assignment announcement was made as Nicole Stott and Michael Barratt were aboard the ISS as part of the Expedition 20 crew. During STS-133 Alvin Drew became the last African-American astronaut to fly on the Space Shuttle as no African-Americans were among the crews of STS-134 and STS-135. Having flown onboard Atlantis' STS-132 mission Bowen became the first and the only NASA astronaut to be launched on two consecutive missions until Doug Hurley launched aboard Crew Dragon Demo-2 in May 2020 after having previously launched on STS-135. National Astronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center unknown
2004réf. 86160Houston TX: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center 2004. Presumed First Edition First printing one of multiple originals. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8.5 inches by 11 inches. This is a single sheet with printing/imagery on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of the seven astronauts/Shuttle Crew members. On the other side are primarily four columns of text with text for each of the crew members with a small two-column spread with a outline with names of the seven crew members at the top center and a half-column spread at the bottom of the fourth column with an illustration of the STS-114 Mission Patch and a text description. The STS-114 patch signifies the return of the Space Shuttle to flight and honors the memory of the STS-107 Columbia crew. The Shuttle rising above Earth's horizon includes the Columbia constellation of seven stars echoing the STS-107 patch and commemorating the seven members of that mission. The crew of STS-114 carry the memory of their mission back into Earth orbit. The dominant design element of the STS-114 patch is the planet Earth which represents the unity and dedication of the many people whose efforts allow the Shuttle to safely return to flight. Against the background of the Earth at night the blue orbit represents the International Space Station ISS with the EVA crewmembers named on the orbit. The red sun on the orbit signifies the contributions of the Japanese Space Agency to the mission and to the ISS program. The multi-colored Shuttle plume represents the broad spectrum of challenges for this mission including Shuttle inspection and repair experiments and International Space Station re-supply and repair. STS-114 was the first "Return to Flight" Space Shuttle mission following the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. The crew members were Commander Eileen M. Collins Colonel USAF Pilot James M. Kelly Lieutenant Colonel USAF Mission Specialist Soichi Noguchi JAXA Astronaut Mission Specialist Stephen K. Robinson Ph.D. Mission Specialist Andrew S. W. Thomas Ph.D. Mission Specialist Wendy B Lawrence Captain USN and Mission Specialist Charles J. Camarda Ph.D. Discovery launched at 10:39 EDT 14:39 UTC July 26 2005. The launch 907 days approx. 29 months after the loss of Columbia was approved despite unresolved fuel sensor anomalies in the external tank that had prevented the shuttle from launching on July 13 its originally scheduled date. The mission ended on August 9 2005 when Discovery landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California.2 Poor weather over the Kennedy Space Center in Florida hampered the shuttle from using its primary landing site. Analysis of the launch footage showed debris separating from the external tank during ascent; this was of particular concern because it was the issue that had set off the Columbia disaster. As a result NASA decided on July 27 to postpone future shuttle flights pending additional modifications to the flight hardware. Shuttle flights resumed a year later with STS-121 on July 4 2006. STS-114 marked the return to flight of the Space Shuttle after the Columbia disaster and was the second Shuttle flight with a female commander Eileen Collins who also commanded the STS-93 mission. The STS-114 mission was initially to be flown aboard the orbiter Atlantis but NASA replaced it with Discovery after improperly installed gear was found in Atlantis' Rudder Speed Brake system. During OMM for Discovery an actuator on the RSB system was found to be installed incorrectly. This created a fleet wide suspect condition. The Rudder Speed Brake system was removed and refurbished on all three remaining orbiter vehicles and since Discovery's RSB was corrected first it became the new Return to Flight vehicle superseding Atlantis. Seventeen years prior Discovery had flown NASA's previous Return to Flight mission STS-26. The STS-114 mission delivered supplies to the International Space Station. However the major focus of the mission was testing and evaluating new Space Shuttle flight safety techniques which included new inspection and repair techniques. The crewmembers used the new Orbiter Boom Sensor System OBSS - a set of instruments on a 50 feet extension attached to the Canadarm. The OBSS instrument package consists of visual imaging equipment and a Laser Dynamic Range Imager LDRI to detect problems with the shuttle's Thermal Protection System TPS. The crew scanned the leading edges of the wings the nose cap and the crew compartment for damage as well as other potential problem areas engineers wished to inspect based on video taken during lift-off. STS-114 was classified as Logistics Flight 1. The flight carried the Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module built by the Italian Space Agency as well as the External Stowage Platform-2 which was mounted to the port side of the Quest Airlock. They deployed MISSE 5 to the station's exterior and replaced one of the ISS's Control Moment Gyroscopes CMG. The CMG was carried up on the LMC Lightweight Multi-Purpose Experiment Support Structure Carrier at the rear of the payload bay together with the TPS Repair Box. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center unknown
1975réf. 86142Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1975. Presumed First Edition First printing. One of multiple originals issued. Single sheet printed on both sides. Very good. The format is approximately 8 inches by 10 inches. This is a single sheet with a photograph on the front and printing on both sides in a plastic sleeve. On the front side is a large color photograph of American ASTP Launch ASTP. The other side is largely in two column format with text in English on the left and Russian text on the right. This is titled First International Manned Space Mission/ From Google Translate. The color photograph shows the Apollo liftoff on July 15 1975 for its historic rendezvous with two Soviet cosmonauts aboard their Soyuz spacecraft. ASTP was particularly significant for the USSR's policy of keeping the details of their space program secret from the Soviet people and the world at large especially Americans. The ASTP was the first Soviet space mission to be televised in a live fashion during the launch while in space and during the landing. Soyuz 19 was also the first Soviet spacecraft to which a foreign flight crew had access before flight; the Apollo crew were permitted to inspect it and the launch and crew training site which was an unprecedented sharing of information with Americans about any Soviet space program. Apollo-Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as an American Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz capsule. The project and its handshake in space was a symbol of détente between the two superpowers during the Cold War. The mission was officially known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project ASTP or. 'Experimental flight Soyuz-Apollo' and commonly referred to in the Soviet Union as Soyuz-Apollo; the Soviets officially designated the mission as Soyuz 19. The unnumbered American vehicle was left over from the canceled Apollo missions and was the last Apollo module to fly. The three American astronauts Thomas P. Stafford Vance D. Brand and Deke Slayton and two Soviet cosmonauts Alexei Leonov and Valery Kubasov performed both joint and separate scientific experiments including an arranged eclipse of the Sun by the Apollo module to allow instruments on the Soyuz to take photographs of the solar corona. The pre-flight work provided useful engineering experience for later joint American-Russian space flights such as the Shuttle-Mir program and the International Space Station. Apollo-Soyuz was the last crewed United States spaceflight for nearly six years until the first launch of the Space Shuttle on 12 April 1981 and the last crewed United States spaceflight in a space capsule until Crew Dragon Demo-2 on 30 May 2020. U.S. Government Printing Office unknown
2003réf. 88242Washington DC: National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Defense Programs Office of Defense Science 2003. A unique CD no indication of how many copies might have been made. CD in a paper envelop with clear plastic face. Very good. On this disc entitled in sharpee 2/12/03 NNSA Test Readiness is a 26 vugraph briefing with graphics that was given to the Foster panel. There are no distribution limitations on the outside of the disc or on any vugraphs contained therein. John Stuart Foster Jr. born September 18 1922 is an American physicist best known as the fourth director of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and as Director Defense Research and Engineering under four Secretaries of Defense and two Presidents. In 1952 Foster was recruited to Lawrence Livermore Laboratory by founder Edward Teller and became a division leader in experimental physics. He was promoted to associate director in 1958 and director of the Livermore Laboratory and associate director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1961 in which positions he served until 1965. Foster was appointed director of defense research and engineering a position then considered the number-three job in the Department of Defense by Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara in October 1965. He continued in this position until June 1973 serving under Presidents Johnson and Nixon and under Secretaries of Defense McNamara Clifford Laird and Richardson. From 1973 Foster was vice president science and technology of TRW retiring in 1988. From 1973 until 1990 he was a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board. He was a long-serving member of the Defense Science Board of which he served as chairman from January 1990 to June 1993. Foster continues to advise and mentor scientists at Livermore into the 2020s. From an Arms Control Association article found online: The Department of Energy submitted a report to the Senate Armed Services Committee on May 20 2003 calling for the United States to shorten the time it would take to conduct a nuclear test to 18 months in order to provide a "reasonable level of flexibility" for the Bush administration. Congress requested the report in November 2002 instructing Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham to draw up plans that would enable the department to test within six 12 18 or 24 months. Currently the United States can conduct a nuclear test within 24-36 months of a presidential directive to do so. Congress also asked Abraham to determine in consultation with the secretary of defense which readiness period would be optimal. The 18-month recommendation "reflects what is achievable and cost effective" according to the report which was prepared by the National Nuclear Security Administration NNSA a semiautonomous agency within the Energy Department. The report indicated that 18 months is the minimum amount of time needed to evaluate a problem identified in the U.S. nuclear stockpile propose a solution and "execute a test that would provide the information needed to certify the ‘fix.'" The recommendation is "consistent with realistic testing schedules" established during previous U.S. nuclear testing which ceased in 1992. By contrast shortening test readiness to six or 12 months would require a "substantial diversion of personnel and facilities at the laboratories" according to the report. That would "represent a major redirection of the stockpile stewardship program" which is intended to maintain the nuclear arsenal in the absence of testing. Adopting a testing posture of a year or less would be "most relevant.if the President might direct that testing resume for political reasons." The report also noted that the shorter readiness period would be considerably more expensive. The transition to shorten the current 24-36 month readiness posture expected to take three years is already underway. NNSA conducted an Enhanced Test Readiness Cost Study in July 2002 to determine the steps and funding required to shorten the readiness posture and the Nuclear Weapons Council a consultative group of officials from the Energy Department and the Pentagon approved the plan to transition to an 18-month readiness window in September 2002 according to the report. The Bush administration asked for funds to begin moving to a shorter test readiness posture in its fiscal year 2004 budget request. National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Programs, Office of Defense Science unknown
2003réf. 88243Washington DC: National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Defense Programs 2003. Presumed a unique copy. Unknown if other copies were made. CD is in a paper envelope with a clear plastic face. Good. This disc is marked UNCLASSIFIED and there are no dissemination limitation markings on the three text files contained therein. These files are Implementation Plan FY 2004 Rev. 1 9 pages Management Plan Rev 9 pages and Program Plan Version 4 37 pages includes some strike-out passages. Underground tests conducted by the Soviet Union continued until 1990 the United Kingdom until 1991 the United States until 1992 and both China and France until 1996. In signing the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty in 1996 these countries pledged to discontinue all nuclear testing; the treaty has not yet entered into force because of its failure to be ratified by eight countries. Non-signatories India and Pakistan last tested nuclear weapons in 1998. North Korea conducted nuclear tests in 2006 2009 2013 2016 and 2017. The most recent confirmed nuclear test occurred in September 2017 in North Korea. The 2022 NPR says that the United States continues to observe a moratorium on nuclear explosive testing. NNSA conducts subcritical i.e. those that do not produce a nuclear yield experiments and uses other tools to maintain stockpile reliability. The 2018 NPR stated that "the United States will not resume nuclear explosive testing unless necessary to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear arsenal." The 2022 NPR notes that the United States "maintains a nuclear explosive test readiness program in the event it is required to resolve technical uncertainties" but "does not envision or desire a return to nuclear testing." Underground nuclear testing is the test detonation of nuclear weapons that is performed underground. When the device being tested is buried at sufficient depth the nuclear explosion may be contained with no release of radioactive materials to the atmosphere. The extreme heat and pressure of an underground nuclear explosion causes changes in the surrounding rock. The rock closest to the location of the test is vaporized forming a cavity. Farther away there are zones of crushed cracked and irreversibly strained rock. Following the explosion the rock above the cavity may collapse forming a rubble chimney. If this chimney reaches the surface a bowl-shaped subsidence crater may form. The first underground test took place in 1951. Further tests soon led scientists to conclude that even notwithstanding environmental and diplomatic considerations underground testing was of far greater scientific value than all other forms of testing. This understanding strongly influenced the governments of the first three nuclear powers to sign of the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963 which banned all nuclear tests except for those performed underground. From then until the signing of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty in 1996 most nuclear tests were performed underground which prevented additional nuclear fallout from entering into the atmosphere. National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Programs unknown
2002réf. 88245Las Vegas NV: U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Operations Office 2002. Presumed to be one of some limited number of multiple originals produced. CD in a paper envelope with a clear plastic face. Very good. This disc has no distribution limitation information on its front. This CD contains one file with an approximately 70 page document that has color illustrations tabular data and briefing slides at the end. There may be a hardcopy version of this given the DOE/NV number. The content addresses the then current test readiness maintaining current posture enhancing test readiness and provided several appendixes including Threshold Test Ban Preparations and Authorization Basis including Underground Nuclear Test Standards Safety Basis Safety Management and a Device-Specific Nuclear Explosive Safety Study. Table 4 is a summary of the cost study results in Millions. The Department of Energy submitted a report to the Senate Armed Services Committee on May 20 calling for the United States to shorten the time it would take to conduct a nuclear test to 18 months in order to provide a "reasonable level of flexibility" for the Bush administration. Congress requested the report in November 2002 instructing Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham to draw up plans that would enable the department to test within six 12 18 or 24 months. Currently the United States can conduct a nuclear test within 24-36 months of a presidential directive to do so. Congress also asked Abraham to determine in consultation with the secretary of defense which readiness period would be optimal. The 18-month recommendation "reflects what is achievable and cost effective" according to the report which was prepared by the National Nuclear Security Administration NNSA a semiautonomous agency within the Energy Department. The report indicated that 18 months is the minimum amount of time needed to evaluate a problem identified in the U.S. nuclear stockpile propose a solution and "execute a test that would provide the information needed to certify the ‘fix.'" The recommendation is "consistent with realistic testing schedules" established during previous U.S. nuclear testing which ceased in 1992. By contrast shortening test readiness to six or 12 months would require a "substantial diversion of personnel and facilities at the laboratories" according to the report. That would "represent a major redirection of the stockpile stewardship program" which is intended to maintain the nuclear arsenal in the absence of testing. Adopting a testing posture of a year or less would be "most relevant.if the President might direct that testing resume for political reasons." The report also noted that the shorter readiness period would be considerably more expensive. The transition to shorten the current 24-36 month readiness posture expected to take three years is already underway. NNSA conducted an Enhanced Test Readiness Cost Study in July 2002 to determine the steps and funding required to shorten the readiness posture and the Nuclear Weapons Council a consultative group of officials from the Energy Department and the Pentagon approved the plan to transition to an 18-month readiness window in September 2002 according to the report. The Bush administration asked for funds to begin moving to a shorter test readiness posture in its fiscal year 2004 budget request. Charles Anson Franklin NNSA spokesman said that the current readiness posture of 24-36-months was "a policy decision of the previous administration. This administration has made a policy decision of an 18-month readiness period." He added "It's been out there—it's not been a surprise.We've been talking about moving to an 18-month readiness posture since 2001." The changes will be fully implemented by the end of fiscal year 2005 and will cost $83 million with an additional $25-30 million needed annually to sustain the heightened state of scientific technological and personnel preparedness according to the report. The report examined a speedier transition but concluded that reaching the 18-month readiness posture sooner would cost more and disrupt other programs because of the limited number of nuclear weapons personnel. U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Operations Office unknown
2003réf. 88264Washington DC: National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Defense Programs 2003. This may be a unique compilation. Survival status of content documents is unclear. CD in a paper envelope with clear plastic face. Very Good. This CD contains three files: Implementation Plan rev 1; Management Plan Rev. 3 and Program Plan Ver 4. These are draft documents and some pages show strike-outs. The first two are 9 pages each of which after the title and contents leave 7 pages of substance. The program plan is 37 pages and has graphics. From the Implementation Plan: The National Nuclear Security Administration NNSA is transitioning to a shorter test readiness posture. Since 1995 the NNSA has been required to maintain the capability to conduct an underground nuclear test within two to three years from receipt of the order. In FY2003 the NNSA began transitioning to an 18-month test readiness posture to be attained by September 30 2005. This Implementation Plan identifies the activities integration with other sites and programs and funding profile needed for the successful achievement of that objective. It defines associated risks to the schedule and scope of the program. More detail can be found in the Program Plan for Test Readiness. Funding is distributed from NNSA/Headquarters through the Nevada Site Office. The work is organized into five Major Technical Efforts MTEs each with its own MTE Manager. The MTE Manager is responsible for work integration across the participating organizations. The organizational Program Managers are responsible for accomplishing the work at their own organization. A more in-depth description of the management of this program can be found in the Management Plan for Test Readiness. From the Management Plan: The Test Readiness Program overall objective is to transition from the current 36-month to an 18-month nuclear test readiness posture by Sept. 30 2005. The Test Readiness Program is both cost and schedule constrained. Certain technical capabilities and knowledge foundations have not been exercised since the cessation of underground testing and must be re-established. The DOE/NNSA operating principles for the Test Readiness Program are to: Define an overall program governance structure; Solicit planning input from major participants NNSA Nevada Site Office NSO Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos or LANL Livermore National Laboratory Livermore or LLNL Sandia National Laboratories Sandia or SNL and Bechtel Nevada on overall strategy requirements technical objectives current as-is condition of test readiness and resource requirements to meet Presidential directive. Establish clear roles and responsibilities for the integrated program team; Ensure program/cross-project integration; Establish and manage to scope schedule and cost baselines; Focus on program and project execution success; and Control changes. Close coordination between NNSA Los Alamos Livermore Sandia and Bechtel Nevada is necessary to achieve the overall Test Readiness Program objective. The Test Readiness Management Team developed a specific Program Management Plan that provides an operational framework for the successful conduct of the program and its constituent projects. From the Program Plan: The program activities described within this document were identified in the Enhanced Test Readiness Cost Study DOE/NV-828 dated July 1 2002. That study confirmed the findings of other assessments and evaluations that found the longest-lead activities were updating the authorization basis producing replacement field test neutron generators and training technical staff on underground nuclear test-specific activities and diagnostics. The areas "Authorization Basis" and "Diagnostics & Training" comprise two of the five Major Technical Elements needed to achieve the enhanced test readiness posture. The others are: "Planning" "Facilities & Heavy Equipment" and "Operations". Building replacement field test neutron generators began in FY2002 and is funded under Operations. The highest risks for the program are associated with Authorization Basis and Diagnostics & Training. Authorization Basis requires resources that take a long time to train and are heavily used by other Stockpile Stewardship programs. Contracting out some of the work mitigates this. The personnel with underground nuclear test experience who will be needed for the success of Diagnostics & Training are retiring and otherwise becoming unavailable. Accomplishing those activities that require mentors before they leave will mitigate this. This program does not include Defense Threat Reduction Agency DTRA readiness interests beyond NNSA's traditional responsibilities to provide the nuclear source emplace detonate and diagnose the source device performance. Planning for DTRA source availability is addressed in the Major Technical Effort 1 Planning. The balance of NNSA responsibilities for Defense Threat Reduction Agency activities are common to NNSA underground testing and are maintained under NNSA test readiness. Finally it should be noted that this is a plan for test readiness not test execution. Test readiness addresses only those activities that are common to all tests but couldn't be conducted within the 18-month execution time frame. Support of activities to field a set of specific tests falls into the realm of test execution; and while test readiness resources would be used as needed the cost of test execution will require additional funds beyond the scope of test readiness. National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Programs unknown
1942réf. 86337Washington DC: Office of Price Administration 1942. Presumed First Edition First printing no Rev. notification. Single sheet printed on both sides. Good. Format is approximately 16 inches by 10.5 inches folded in half creating a four page document. This form has been folded in half and also be creased/folded perhaps to fit into a pocket. The front page as sections for the Name of Registered Owner and applicant information from the Board and details of the application and of the vehicle. The second page asked for additional details about the applicant and associated vehicles. The third page has certification and agreement of applicant and certification by inspector. The back/last page documents the action by the Rationing Board. Tires were the first item to be rationed by the OPA which ordered the temporary end of sales on 11 December 1941 while it created 7500 unpaid volunteer three-person tire ration boards around the country. By 5 January 1942 the boards were ready. Each received a monthly allotment of tires based on the number of local vehicle registrations and allocated them to applicants based on OPA rules. There was a shortage of natural rubber for tires since the Japanese quickly conquered the rubber-producing regions of Southeast Asia. Although synthetic rubber had been invented before the war it had been unable to compete with natural rubber commercially so the US did not have enough manufacturing capacity at the start of the war to make synthetic rubber. Throughout the war rationing of gasoline was motivated by a desire to conserve rubber as much as by a desire to conserve gasoline. To get a classification and rationing stamps one had to appear before a local War Price and Rationing Board which reported to the OPA. The Office of Price Administration OPA was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28 1941. The functions of the OPA were originally to control money price controls and rents after the outbreak of World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated the Council of National Defense Advisory Commission on May 29 1940 to include Price Stabilization and Consumer Protection Divisions. Both divisions merged to become the Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply OPACS within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8734 on April 11 1941. Civil supply functions were transferred to the Office of Production Management. It became an independent agency under the Emergency Price Control Act January 30 1942. The OPA had the power to place ceilings on all prices except agricultural commodities and to ration scarce supplies of other items including tires automobiles shoes nylon sugar gasoline fuel oil coffee meats and processed foods. At the peak almost 90% of retail food prices were frozen. It could also authorize subsidies for production of some of those commodities. The War Production Board WPB ordered the temporary end of all civilian automobile sales on 1 January 1942 leaving dealers with one half million unsold cars. Ration boards grew in size as they began evaluating automobile sales in February only certain professions such as doctors and clergymen qualified to purchase the remaining inventory of new automobiles typewriters in March and bicycles in May. Automobile factories stopped manufacturing civilian models by early February 1942 and converted to producing tanks aircraft weapons and other military products with the United States government as the only customer. Office of Price Administration unknown