Justice

Marajuana and Medicine: The Need for a Science-based Approach: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice Drug Policy and Human Resources of the Committee on Government Reform House of Representatives

2005 · réf. 66635 — Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 2005. Presumed first edition/first printing. Wraps. Good. No dust jacket. iii 352 p. Title continues: One Hundred Eighth Congress Second Session April 1 2004. Serial No. 108-226. From Wilipedia: Medical Marajuana "Medical cannabis refers to the parts of the herb cannabis used as a physician-recommended form of medicine or herbal therapy or to synthetic forms of specific cannabinoids such as THC as a physician-recommended form of medicine. The Cannabis plant has a long history of use as medicine with historical evidence dating back to 2737 BCE. Cannabis is one of the 50 "fundamental" herbs of traditional Chinese medicine and is prescribed for a broad range of indications. One of the major criticisms of cannabis as medicine is opposition to smoking as a method of consumption. However smoking is no longer necessary due to the development of healthier methods. Today medicinal cannabis patients can use vaporizers where the essential cannabis compounds are extracted and inhaled. In addition edible cannabis which is produced in various baked goods is also available and has demonstrated longer lasting effects. The United States Food and Drug Administration FDA issued an advisory against smoked medical cannabis stating that "marijuana has a high potential for abuse has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States and has a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. The National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA state that "Marijuana itself is an unlikely medication candidate for several reasons: 1 it is an unpurified plant containing numerous chemicals with unknown health effects; 2 it is typically consumed by smoking further contributing to potential adverse effects; and 3 its cognitive impairing effects may limit its utility". The Institute of Medicine run by the United States National Academy of Sciences conducted a comprehensive study in 1999 to assess the potential health benefits of cannabis and its constituent cannabinoids. The study concluded that smoking cannabis is not recommended for the treatment of any disease condition but did conclude that nausea appetite loss pain and anxiety can all be mitigated by marijuana. While the study expressed reservations about smoked cannabis due to the health risks associated with smoking the study team concluded that until another mode of ingestion was perfected that could provide the same relief as smoked cannabis there was no alternative. In addition the study pointed out the inherent difficulty in marketing a non-patentable herb. Pharmaceutical companies will not substantially profit unless there is a patent. For those reasons the Institute of Medicine concluded that there is little future in smoked cannabis as a medically approved medication. The report also concluded that for certain patients such as the terminally ill or those with debilitating symptoms the long-term risks are not of great concern. Marinol was less effective than the steroid megestrol in helping cancer patients regain lost appetites. A phase III study found no difference in effects of an oral cannabis extract or THC on appetite and quality of life QOL in patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome CACS to placebo. "Citing the dangers of cannabis and the lack of clinical research supporting its medicinal value" the American Society of Addiction Medicine in March 2011 issued a white paper recommending a halt to using marijuana as a medicine in U.S. states where it has been declared legal." U. S. Government Printing Office paperback