Reforme

Reforme — marelibri

United States Congress House of Representatives Committee on Government ReformBiblio.com

What is the U.S. Role in Combating the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic : Hearing before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice Drug Policy and Human Resources of the Committee on Government Reform House of Representatives

2000Best.-Nr. 66639Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 2000. Presumed first edition/first printing. Wraps. Good. No dust jacket. iv 280 p. Includes illustrations. Title continues; One Hundred Sixth Congress First Session July 22 1999. Serial No. 106-126. From Wikipedia: "Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HIV/AIDS is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. During the initial infection a person may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness. This is typically followed by a prolonged period without symptoms. As the illness progresses it interferes more and more with the immune system making people much more likely to get infections including opportunistic infections and tumors that do not usually affect people with working immune systems. HIV is transmitted primarily via unprotected sexual intercourse including anal and even oral sex contaminated blood transfusions and hypodermic needles and from mother to child during pregnancy delivery or breastfeeding. Some bodily fluids such as saliva and tears do not transmit HIV. Prevention of HIV infection primarily through safe sex and needle-exchange programs is a key strategy to control the spread of the disease. There is no cure or vaccine; however antiretroviral treatment can slow the course of the disease and may lead to a near-normal life expectancy. While antiretroviral treatment reduces the risk of death and complications from the disease these medications are expensive and may be associated with side effects. Genetic research indicates that HIV originated in west-central Africa during the early twentieth century. AIDS was first recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC in 1981 and its cause HIV infection was identified in the early part of the decade. Since its discovery AIDS has caused nearly 30 million deaths as of 2009. As of 2010 approximately 34 million people have contracted HIV globally. AIDS is considered a pandemic a disease outbreak which is present over a large area and is actively spreading. HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. The disease also has significant economic impacts. There are many misconceptions about HIV/AIDS such as the belief that it can be transmitted by casual non-sexual contact. The disease has also become subject to many controversies involving religion." U. S. Government Printing Office paperback

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Woman's Work Sanitary Reform; Work SafetyBiblio.com

Women's Employment and Public Health Reform in Remarks on Woman's Work in Sanitary Reform 1858: "the amelioration of injurious external circumstances" and "the reform of injurious habits and customs

1858Best.-Nr. 197991858. Powers Susan Rugeley. Remarks on Woman's Work in Sanitary Reform is a circa 1859 pamphlet documenting Victorian women's public health work through the system of sanitary reform revealing how women's domestic educational and visiting labor was framed as essential to national health. Addressed to mothers educators tract distributors and visitors of schools cottages and workhouses the text asks "What can woman do in her domestic and social capacities to remedy these evils" and answers by assigning women authority over household health infant care education and habits. The pamphlet supports research into women's employment Victorian public health sanitary reform feminist social thought and the expansion of women's public roles through reform labor. Powers Susan Rugeley. Remarks on Woman's Work in Sanitary Reform. London: Tweedie circa 1859. 20 pages. 8vo. The pamphlet divides sanitary labor into "the amelioration of injurious external circumstances" and "the reform of injurious habits and customs" identifying the former principally with men and the latter principally with women. Powers argues "It is for woman in her functions of mother housewife and teacher" to change infant management domestic economy education and the habits of women and adds that "It is for her to teach and apply the laws of health in her own provinces where man cannot act." Susan Rugeley Powers was the first secretary of the Ladies' Sanitary Association an organization founded to educate working-class communities on public health; the pamphlet was also connected to the English Woman's Journal and the wider Langham Place reform milieu. The pamphlet demonstrates the process by which sanitary reform converted gendered domestic expertise into organized public health labor giving women a socially sanctioned role in health education before broader access to professional employment. Contemporary holdings appear limited: a dealer record notes four WorldCat copies and three COPAC copies while a University of Wisconsin catalog record identifies a later microfilm version associated with the English Woman's Journal. Slight chipping at binding; pages held together; minor wear. Overall very good. A focused Victorian women's reform pamphlet linking public health domestic authority and early arguments for women's socially necessary work. unknown