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BERNARD, CLAUDE - THE DISCOVERY AND ISOLATION OF GLYCOGENEBiblio.com

Sur le mécanisme de la formation du sucre dans le foie. Suite Sur le mécanisme. Remarques sur la formation de la matière glycogène du foie. 3 Papers.

1855rif. 47110Paris Mallet-Bachelier 1855 a. 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 41 No 13 and Tome 44 No 12 a. No. 26. Pp. 461-500 pp. 578-640 a. pp. 1293-1363 3 entire issues offered. Bernard's papers: pp. 461-469 pp. 578-586 a. pp. 1325-1331. Some scattered brownspots to the first paper. First printing of these two milestone-papers in physiology in which Bernard discovers and isolates glycogen from the liver shows that it is converted into blood glucose and discovers the process of gluconeogenesis. He further creates the concepts "experimental determination" and "local interieur"Bernard undertook the task of tracing out the various transformations of food stuffs within the animal organism beginning with the carbohydrates; and he not only found contrary to the accepted view that sugar was formed in the liver but he was also able to isolate a substance from the hepatic tissue which though not sugar was converted by fermentation into dextrose. He made a special study of its properties and called it "glycogen"."The culmination of Bernard's work on the glycogenic function of the liver. He invented the term "internal secretion" and can be said to have started the scientific investigation of the internal secretions although for 30 years the significance of his work was not generally realized. By his research on glycogene Bernard showed that the body not only can break down but can also build up complex chemical substances."Garrison & Morton .Claude Bernard 1813-78 was a key figure in French nineteenth-century science and one of the world's great physiologists. With good reason he has been called the ‘father of experimental medicine’.Garrison & Morton No. 1000 a. 999.1 unknown

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COURTOIS, BERNARD ET AL - THE DISCOVERY OF IODINEBiblio.com

Découverte d'une substance nouvelle dans le Vareck. Annoncée par M. Clément. - Sur un nouvel acide formé avec la substance découverte par M. Courtois. - Note Sur la combinaison de l'iode avec l'oxigène; Par M. Gay-Lussac. - Lettre de M. Humphry .

1813rif. 43081Paris J. Klostermann 1813. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. A few scratches to binding. In: "Annales de Chimie ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie" Tome 88. - 336 pp. the entire volume offered. Pp. 304-310 311-318 319-321 a. 322-329. Scattered brownspots. First printing of this paper announcing the discovery of Iodine. Courtois found this substance which he suspected to be a new element while burning algae in order to obtain sodium and potassium compounds. Although Courtois discovered the element in 1811 the announcement of it was not made until two years later after he had turned it over to Charles Desormés and Nicolas Clément."The first publication on iodine are somewhat confusing. Courtois's research is found in a paper attributed to him the paper offered but actually the work of Clément. was followed by an anonymous article the second paper offered. Gay-Lussac. who repeated and extended Courtios's work was responsible for this paper. Courtois himself published nothing. These two articles were immediately followed by short contributions of Gay-Lussac and Humphry Davy on the new element third and fourth paper offered. Gay-Lussacs views none too flattering to Davy on the history ofthe discovery of iodine appeared in his "Mémoire sur l'iode" 1814."DSB III p. 455. - Weeks "Discovery of the Elements" pp. 257-262.The volume contains further importent papers in chemistry Guyton de Morveau "Sur la chaux maigre" "Sur le dissolvant des pierres biliaires" an importent paper by Chevreul on animal fats "Recherches chimiques sur plusieurs corps gras et particulierement sur leurs combinaisons avec les alcalis" Berzelius's papers "Mémoires sur la compositions des fluides animaux" first edition in French Suite first edition Parmentier etc. etc. unknown

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CURIE, JACQUES et PIERRE - THE DISCOVERY OF PIEZOELECTRICITYBiblio.com

Développement par pression de l'èlectricité polaire dans les cristaux hémièdres à faces inclinées. Note de MM. Jacques et Pierre Curie présentée par M. Friedel.

1880rif. 47008Paris Gauthier-Villars 1880. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 91 No 5 entire issue offered. Pp. 251-310. The Curie's paper: pp. 294-295. First apperance of the paper in which the two brothers announced their discovery of the Piezoelectric Effect as they observed how an electric potential appeared across crystals of quartza and of Rochelle salt when pressure was applied to them. The potential varied directly with the pressure and they named the phenomenon Piezoelectricity meaning "to press" Greek. Crystals with piezoelectric properties form an essential portion of sound-electronics devices such as microphones and record-players."The applications of piezoelectric crystals are innumerable; one of the most important is their use in frequency stabilization of oscillating electromagnetic cirasciots for radio broadcasting stations. They are used in most piezometers for measuring with great precision either very strong pressure variations such as those of a cannon at the moment of firing or very weak ones such as artery pulsations. These applications have led to the creation of a new industry the manufacture of large "mono" such as quartz obtained hydrothermally around 500°C. under high water pressures or crystals such as Rochelle salt obtained from aqueous solutions. These two substances were mentioned in the Curie brothers’ report announcing the discovery of piezoelectricity." DSB."The first experimental demonstration of a connection between macroscopic piezoelectric phenomena and crystallographic structure was published in 1880 by Pierre and Jacques Curie. Their experiment consisted of a conclusive measurement of surface charges appearing on specially prepared crystals tourmaline quartz topaz cane sugar and Rochelle salt among them which were subjected to mechanical stress. These results were a credit to the Curies' imagination and perseverance considering that they were obtained with nothing more than tinfoil glue wire magnets and a jeweler's saw." Piezo Systems Inc.Magee "A Source Book in Physics" p. 547 ff. unknown

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DAVY, HUMPHRY - THE DISCOVERY OF POTASSIUM AND SODIUM (FRENCH VERSION).Biblio.com

Recherches ëlectrochimiques sur la décomposition des terres avec des observations sur les métaux obtenus des terres alcalines et sur un amalgame produit avec l'ammoniaque. Tireeis des Transactions philosophiques et traduites par M. C.A. Prieur. .

1809rif. 50198Paris Mad. Ve Barnard 1809. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Wear to top of spine. A few scratches to binding. Small stamps on verso of titlepage.In: "Annales de Chimie ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie" Tome 70. 336 pp. Entire volume offered. Davy's paper: pp. 189-254. First edition in French the first English 1808 of this importent historical paper in chemistry in which Davy shows that electricity is capable of decomposing some alkalies isolating two new substances and discovering potassium and sodium. Neville in his Historical Chemical Library vol. I p.340 writes about this paper "ONE OF THE GREAT CLASSIC RESEARCHES IN CHEMISTRY in which Davy announced in this his second Bakterian lecture the isloation of metallic potassium and sodium by the electrolytic decomposition of their fused oxides.""He Davy began his own electrical experiments.The results were spectacular. On October 6 1807 the current passing through molten potash liberated a metal which Davy called potassium. The little globules of shining metal tore the water molecule apart as it eagerly recombined with oxygen and the liberated hydrogen burst into lavender flame. Davy danced about in a delirium of joy. A week later he isolated sodium from soda."Asimow. The paper offered here describes these discoveries."Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800 and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lecture to the Royal Society on November 20 1806. A Source Book in Chemistry p. 243. unknown

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DAVY, HUMPHRY - THE DISCOVERY OF HYDROGEN TELLURIDEBiblio.com

The Bakerian Lecture for 1809. On some new Electrochemical Researches on various Objects particularly the metallic Bodies from the Alkalies and Earth and on some Combinations of Hydrogene. Read November 16 1809.

1810rif. 42219London W. Bulmer and Co. 1810. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 16-74 and 2 engraved plates showing Davy's electrochemical apparatus for decomposing substances. The plates dampstained. Text fine and clean. First appearence of this historical chemical paper Davy' fifth Bakerian Lecture in which he announced his discovery of hydrogen telluride."Mr. Davy having from the commencement of his electro-chemical researches communicated the several steps of his progress to the Society The Royal Society takes the present opportunity of reporting the results of his further inquiries under four principal heads. First on the nature of the metals of the fixed alkalis. Second on the nature of Hydrogen and composition of ammonia. Thirdly on the metals of the earth; and Fourthly he makes a comparison between the antiphlogistic doctrine and a modified phlogistic hypothesis."Abstract. He further gives arguments for considering potassium and sodium which he discovered in 1808 as a element."Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800 and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lectures." - Wheeler Gift: 2518. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danimarca4500,00 DKK≈ 602,04 €

DAVY, HUMPHRY - THE DISCOVERY OF HYDROGEN TELLURIDEBiblio.com

The Bakerian Lecture for 1809. On some new Electrochemical Researches on various Objects particularly the metallic Bodies from the Alkalies and Earth and on some Combinations of Hydrogene. Read November 16 1809.

1810rif. 45887London W. Bulmer and Co. 1810. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 16-74 and 2 engraved plates showing Davy's electrochemical apparatus for decomposing substances Davy's versions of the Voltaic-pile. Plates a bit brownspotted otherwise clean and fine wide-margined. First appearence of this historical chemical paper Davy' fifth Bakerian Lecture in which he announced his discovery of hydrogen telluride."Mr. Davy having from the commencement of his electro-chemical researches communicated the several steps of his progress to the Society The Royal Society takes the present opportunity of reporting the results of his further inquiries under four principal heads. First on the nature of the metals of the fixed alkalis. Second on the nature of Hydrogen and composition of ammonia. Thirdly on the metals of the earth; and Fourthly he makes a comparison between the antiphlogistic doctrine and a modified phlogistic hypothesis."Abstract. He further gives arguments for considering potassium and sodium which he discovered in 1808 as a element."Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800 and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lectures." - Wheeler Gift: 2518.Also with William Hyde Wollaston "The Croonian Lecture. Read November 16 1809.On Muscular Action - On Sea-Sickness - On the salutary Effects of Riding and other Modes of Gestation. Pp. 1-15. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danimarca4500,00 DKK≈ 602,04 €

LECOQ de BOISBAUDRAN, PAUL EMILE - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENT GALLIUMBiblio.com

Caractéres chimique et spectroscopiques d'un nouveau métal le Gallium découvert dans une blende de la mine de Pierrefitte vallée d'Argelès Pyrénées. Séance du Lundi 20 Septembre 1875. Sur quelques propriétés dy gallium. Séance du Lundi 6.

1875rif. 47271Paris Gauthier-Villars 1875. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 81 No 12 and No 23. Pp. 485- 508 a. 1065- 1148. 2 entire issues offered. Boisbaudran's papers: pp. 493-495 a. pp. 1100-1105. First printing of the paper in which Boisbaudran announced his discovery of Gallium together with the first printing of the paper in which he by a series of experiments proved that Gallium the metal that he had discovered amd named in honour of France is a true element. A larger paper on the discovery was published in 1877 in "Annales de Chimie et Physique". In 1879 Bausbaudran was awarded the Davy Medal for his discovery of Gallium. "In 1875 Boisbaudran spectroscopically discovered a new element gallium which he found in zinc blende from a mine in Hautes-Pyrénées. Continuing his work in Wurtz’s laboratory in Paris he was a able to obtain the free metal by electrolysis of a solution of the hydroxide in potassium hydroxide. Gallium Boisbaudran realized was the "eka-aluminum" predicted by Mendeleev and was the first of Mendeleev’s predicted elements to be isolated. Boisbaudran’s finding thus provided valuable evidence for the validity of Mendeleev’s periodic classification of the elements."DSB."Lecoq de Boisbaudran announced his discovery by spectroscopic analysis of the new element gallium. Mendeleev had first predicted its existence and had named it eka-aluminium. The discovery was made in the author's private laboratory in a specimen of zinc blende from the Pierrefitte mine in the Angelès Valley in the Hautes Pyrénées. He describes how on the evening of 27 August 1875 he detected the existence of this new element which he named "gallium" in honor of France Gallia. A month later he "performed in Wurtz's laboratory in Paris.a series of experiments to prove that gallium.is a true element"Weeks. he discusses how he eventually isloated small amounts of pure metallic gallium and determined its physical and chemical properties. The paper the paper offered first describes gallium compounds e.g. ammonium gallium alum chloride oxide and sulphate."Roy G. Neville II p. 29. unknown

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PASTEUR, LOUIS - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF "MOLECULAR ASSYMETRY"Biblio.com

Mémoire sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme cristalline et la composition chimique et sur la cause de la polarisation rotatoire; Extrait. Séance du Lundi 22 Mai 1848.

1848rif. 49456Paris Bachelier 1848. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 26 No 21. Pp. 529- 548. Entire issue offered. Pasteur's paper: pp. 535-538. Clean and fine. First appearance of the announcement of Pasteur's momentous and revolutionary discovery of "molecular assymetry" and founding the science of Polarimetry.The discovery was first announced by Pasteur in may 1848 by the printing of the preliminary report of only 4 short pages in order to establish priority the paper offered. A more full exposition was published the same year in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 3me Series - Tome XXIV."In 1848.Pasteur studied the crystals of tartrates one of the substances that exhibited the now-clockwise now-counterclockwise effect under the microscope and found that the xcrystasls were mirror images of the others. The two crystals resemmbled each other as a right-hand glove resembles a left-hand glove.This was a revolutionary discovery and it took some courage to announce it. A few years before the well-known chemist Mitscherlich had studies the same tartrate crystals and declared them all to be identical. Pasteur was only a twenty-sic-year-old unknown. neverthelless he announced his findings and went before Biot to repeat the separation ofthe crystals before the eyes of the aged authority in the field. Biot was convinced and Pasteur received the Rumford medal of the Royal Society for his work.Pasteur had thus founded the science of polarimetry in which the measurements of the manner in which the plane of polarized light was twisted could be used to help to determine the structure of organic substance to follow various chemical reactions and so on."Asimov. Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book of Chemistry" p. 374-379. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danimarca4500,00 DKK≈ 602,04 €

PASTEUR, LOUIS - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF "MOLECULAR ASSYMETRY"Biblio.com

Mémoire sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme cristalline et la composition chimique et sur la cause de la polarisation rotatoire; Extrait. Séance du Lundi 22 Mai 1848.

1848rif. 47149Paris Bachelier 1848. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome 26 No 21. Pp. 529- 548. Entire issue offered. Pasteur's paper: pp. 535-538. First appearance of the announcement of Pasteur's momentous and revolutionary discovery of "molecular assymetry" and founding the science of Polarimetry.The discovery was first announced by Pasteur in may 1848 by the printing of the preliminary report of only 4 short pages in order to establish priority the paper offered. A more full exposition was published the same year in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 3me Series - Tome XXIV."In 1848.Pasteur studied the crystals of tartrates one of the substances that exhibited the now-clockwise now-counterclockwise effect under the microscope and found that the xcrystasls were mirror images of the others. The two crystals resemmbled each other as a right-hand glove resembles a left-hand glove.This was a revolutionary discovery and it took some courage to announce it. A few years before the well-known chemist Mitscherlich had studies the same tartrate crystals and declared them all to be identical. Pasteur was only a twenty-sic-year-old unknown. neverthelless he announced his findings and went before Biot to repeat the separation ofthe crystals before the eyes of the aged authority in the field. Biot was convinced and Pasteur received the Rumford medal of the Royal Society for his work.Pasteur had thus founded the science of polarimetry in which the measurements of the manner in which the plane of polarized light was twisted could be used to help to determine the structure of organic substance to follow various chemical reactions and so on."Asimov. Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book of Chemistry" p. 374-379. unknown

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RAYLEIGH, LORD (JW STRUTT) and WILLIAM RAMSAY - THE DISCOVERY OF ARGON J WBiblio.com

Argon a New Constituent of the Atmosphere. Received and Read January 31 1895.

1895rif. 42221London Harrison and Sons 1895. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" Vol. 186 - I Series A. Pp. 187-241 a. 8 textillustrations apparatus. Fine and clean. First printing of this importent paper in the history of chemistry Lord Rayleigh's most famous discovery announcing the discovery of this new gas the first finding of one of the rare gases inert gases having unusual properties and forming a distinct group in the periodic table and all with zero valency."The original paper in the "Philosophical Transactions" will undoubtly rank as a classic the investigation having been a particularly brilliant ine." Ernst von Meyer in History of Chemistry. For this discovery Lord Rayleigh and W. Ramsay received the Nobel Prize 1904.After having made several measuring of the densities of gases "Rayleigh came across a curious puzzle. With oxygen he always obtained the same density regardless of how the oxygen might be produced whether from one particular compound from a second compound or from the air. The situation was different with nitrogen. The nitrogen he obtained from air constantly showed a slightly higher density than the nitrogen he obtained from any of various compounds. Rayleigh could think of several ways in which the nitrogen obtained from air might be contaminated but none of the possibilities checked out experimentally. He was so frustrated that he went so far as to write to the journal "Nature" asking for suggestions. Ramsay a brilliant Scottish chemist asked permission to tackle the problem and received it. The upshot was that a new gas somewhat denser that nitrogen was discovered to exist in the atmosphere. It was named argon and it was the first of a series of rare gases of unusual properties whose existence had never been suspected."Asimow.Dibner Heralds of Science No. 50 - Neville Historical Chemical Library vol. II p.358. unknown

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